1.2.3.4.5.6.7.&9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.Whatisthenewconceptofimmunity?Pleaseexplainthefunctionsofimmunity・Comparethecharacteristicsofinnateimmunityandadaptiveimmunity.HowdoyoucomprehendBurnetsclonalselectiontheorynow?Trytodescribethishypothesis・Trytoexplainhowdoesvaccinationpreventinfectionsspecifically?Summarizethecomponentsoftheimmunesystem.PleasedescribethefunctionoftheThymusintheimmunesystem.PleasedescribetherolethatMALTplaysinimmunereactions・Whatislymphocyterecirculation/homingandwhatisthesignificaneeofthisprocess?Thecellsandmoleculeswhichconstitutetheimmunesystem.Thefunctionalorganizationoftheimmunesystem・Howtheimmunesystemrecognizesandthendestroyspathogens・Theconceptofimmunologicalmemoryandhowvaccinationworks・Howtheimmunesystemcanitselfsometimescausedisease一immunopathology.Howantibodiesandothercomponentsoftheimmunesystemcanbeutilizedfordiagnosisandresearch.DescribeBcellsubsets,function.Explainnegativeselectionandpositiveselection.Explaintheseterms:receptorediting,somatichypermutation,affinitymaturationDescribeBcellsurfacemolecules・Describemechanismsofthegenerationoflgdiversity・Comparethecellfatesresultedfromtheprocessof“positiveselection”and“negativeselection”duringTcelldevelopmentinthymus・DescribethebasicstructureofTCRcomplexandproperitiesofCD3molecules・DescribemajorcellsurfacemoleculesexpressedonTcells・Explainthedifferencebetweenantigen-presentingcellsandtargetcells.Allnucleatedcellsareabletoprocessandpresentantigens,whyonlyantigenpresentingcells,especiallyDC,canactivatena?veTcells?WhatdeterminesaproteinantigentobeprocessedviaMHCclassIorclassIIpathway?Describethedual-signaltheoryofTcellactivation.Explaintheterm:ITAMDescribetheeffectfunctionofThl,Th2,Thl7andCD8+Tcells・DescribecytokineprofilesoftheThlandTh2subsets・BrieflydescribethesignaltransductionpathwayinTcellactivation.DescribetheinteractionbetweenThcellsandBcellsintheimmuneresponsetothymus-dependentantigens.DescribethedifferencebetweenBlandB2mediatedimmuneresponse.DescribethedifferencesbetweenprimaryandsecondaryimmuneresponseinAbproduction.DescribethecytokinesthatparticipateinisotypeswitchingPleaseexplainthefollowingterms:clonaldeletion,immunologicalignorance,clonalanergy,nTreg,iTregComparethedifferenceofcentraltoleraneeandperipheraltoleraneePleaseexplainthefollowingterms:ITAM,ITIMPleasedescribeidiotypeandanti-idiotypenetworksinimmunoregulation.PleasedescribethemechanismandthefunctionofAICDWhichtypeofhypersensitivityreactionwillbeinitiatedbyPenicillin?WhatisthemechanismofneonatalhemolysiscausedbyRhbloodtypeincompatibility?Whatisthemechanismofhayfever?Pleasedescribethemechanismofhypersensitivityreactionoffourtypes・WhataretheessentialcharacteristicsofAID?PleasedescribethepathogenicfactorsrelatedtoAID・DescribethedefinitionandclassificationofIDD・WhyHIVcancauseimmunodeficiency?HowHIVescapesimmunesystemsattacking?HowimmunesystemfightsHIV?Whichantigensareimportantintransplantation?Comparethediffereneebetweendirectrecognitionandindirectrecognition?WhatsthedifferenceofeffectormechanismamongthreetypesofHVGRduringallograft?
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