必修一Unit4Earthquakes分析解析

必修一Unit4Earthquakes重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1.burstv.&n.爆裂,爆发,突然破裂[典例]1).Theredballoonsuddenlyburst.那个红色的气球突然爆了。2).Thepoliceburstthroughthedoor.警察破门而入。3).Onhearingthenews,LeslieburstintolaughterwhileTracyburstoutcrying.一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则突然大哭起来。4).Aburstofhand-clappingfollowedtheendingofthesong.歌声结束后响起了一阵掌声。[重点用法]burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing突然大笑burstintotears=burstoutcrying突然大哭[练习]中译英1).水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。______________________________________________________________2).太阳突然从云端里露出来。______________________________________________________________答案:1).Water-pipesoftenburstincoldweather.2).Thesunburstthroughtheclouds.2.rescuen.&vt.援救，营救[典例]1).Thepolicecametohisrescueandpulledhimoutoftheriver.警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。2).Therescueteammadecountlessrescuesduringtheearthquake.营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。3).Michaelrescuedaboyfromdrowning.迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。[重点用法]rescuesb./sth.fromsb./sp.把⋯⋯从..⋯⋯营救出来cometo/gotosb’srescue=rescuesb.援救某人arescueteam救援队arescuemission救援任务rescueworkers救援人员[练习]用rescue的适当形式填空1).Themother,alongwithhertwochildren,_________fromthesinkingboatbyapassingship.2).Thefiremen________fivechildrenfromtheburninghouseyesterday.答案:1).hasbeenrescued2).rescued3.judgen.&v.法官，鉴赏家，裁判，判断，估计[典例]1).Hisfatherusedtobeajudge.他的父亲过去是一名法官。2).She'sagoodjudgeofwine.她是鉴别酒的专家。3).Theblindcan’tjudgecolors.盲人无法判断颜色。4).Don’tjudgeamanbyhislooks.不要以貌取人。[重点用法]judgesb./sth.by/from通过⋯⋯判断⋯⋯asfarasIjudge我认为judgingfrom⋯从⋯⋯来看，根据⋯⋯判断[练习]用与judge相关的词汇填空1).______hisappearance,hemustbearichman.2)._______,hemustbefromthesouth.答案:1).Judging2).Inherjudgmentruinv.&n.毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）[典例]1).Thehurricaneruinedallthehouseshere.飓风使这里所有的房屋成为废墟。2).Heruinedhisprospectsbycarelessness.他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。[重点用法]beinruins呈一片废墟fallintoruin变成废墟cometoruin毁灭，落空ruinoneself自我毁灭bringsb.toruin使毁灭[练习]中译英1).那建筑物已成断壁残垣。______________________________________________________________2).那教堂已破败不堪。______________________________________________________________答案:1).Thebuildingisinruins.2).Thechurchhasfallenintoruin.重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1.rightaway立刻，马上[典例]1).I’llreturnthebooktoyourightaway.我会马上还 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 给你。2).Ifwarbreaksout,weshallbecalleduprightaway.如果战争爆发，我们将立即被征召服役。[短语归纳]“立刻，马上”的 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达方式：rightaway，rightnow，atonce，immediately，innotime[练习]中译英1).请立刻把它打印出来。答案:1).Iwantittypedrightaway,please.2.atanend结束，终结（=finished）[典例]1).Thewarwasfinallyatanend.战争终于结束了。[短语归纳]与end搭配的常用短语attheendof在⋯⋯末尾bytheendof在⋯⋯末为止intheend最后，终于atalooseend无所事事，处于杂乱状态makeendsmeet收支相抵[练习]用attheendof,bytheendof和intheend填空。1).HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearned____________lastterm?2).Hebecameanoutstandingdoctor___________.3).MyunclewillflytoChina_________thisyear.答案:1).bytheendof2).intheend3).attheendof3.insteadof代替，而不是[典例]1).TheChineseusechopsticksinsteadofknivesandforks.中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。2).Insteadofworking,Jackwasidlingawayhistime.杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。3).ShedecidedtoleavehereonSundayinsteadofMonday.她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。[短语归纳]insteadinsteadof是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为“代替；相反”。是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，其后面的动作，意为“代替、而不⋯⋯”。inplaceof为介词短语，也是“代替、而不”的意思，表“以甲代乙”，不含比，而of则是“用甲不用乙”，除“代替”外，还有对乙作否定的意思，有时意为“不”。taketheplaceof作谓语，用在名词、代词前。instead[练习]单项选择。1).Tractors_____________horsesinmanyplaces.A.inplaceofB.havetakentheplaceofC.insteadD.insteadof2).Youshouldbeoutplaying___________workingindoorsallday.A.inspiteofB.taketheplaceofC.insteadD.insteadof答案:1).B2).D4.tensofthousandsof数以万计的[典例]1).Tensofthousandsofpeoplewerewatchingthegameinthestadiumwhenitbegantorainheavily.[短语归纳]hundredsof数百的thousandsof数千的dozensof许多；大量hundredsofandthousandsofmillionsof数百万的scoresof许多；大量成百上千的[练习]选择填空1).Everyyear________foreignvisitorscometoChina.A.tensofthousandsofB.tenthousandsofC.overtenthousandsD.thousandsuponthousands2).Therewere____________peopleinthehall.A.twoscoresofB.scoresofC.twoandscoreD.twoscores答案:1).A2).B重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.老鼠跑到地里找地方躲。[解释]这句话中的lookingforplacestohide是作ranoutofthefields的伴随状况，这是动词的现在分词形式的一个用法。现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。（1）现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when,while引出。Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。（2）现在分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。Manyofus,beingsoexcited,couldn’tgotosleepthatnight.因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着。（3）现在分词短语作结果状语。如：Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。Shewassoangrythatshethrewthetoyontheground,breakingitintopieces.她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。4）现在分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如：Theystoodthereforhalfanhourwatchingthestarsinthesky.他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。Followingtheoldman,theyoungpeoplestartedwalkingslowly.年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。（5）现在分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。如：Apersonstandingatthefootofahighmountainwillfindhimselfverysmall.一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。注：现在分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。（6）“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+现在分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如：Hishairbecamegreywiththeyearspassing.随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。Withoutanyonenoticing,heslippedthroughthewindow.没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。[练习]中译英1).因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。______________________________________________________________2).没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。______________________________________________________________答案:1).Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.2).Withoutanyonenoticing,heslippedthroughthewindow.Allhopewasnotlost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。[解释]Allthestudentsdonotknowhowtodealwiththeproblem.=Notallthestudentsknowhowtodealwiththeproblem.并非所有的学生都知道如何解决个问题。Idon’tknowallofthem.我并不认识他们所有的人。表示“全体”意义的代词、副词或形容“all,both,every,everybody,always”等和否定副词not连用时表部分否定,而“none,neither,nobody,nothing”等表完全否定。如：Everyonedoesn’tlikethestory.=Noteveryonelikesthestory.并非每个人都喜欢这个故事。Nobodylikesthestory.没人喜欢这个故事。Bothofthestudentsdon’tlikethestory并.非这两个学生这个故事。Neitherofthestudentslikesthestory.这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。[练习]中译英1).并非这两个学生这个故事。______________________________________________________________2).这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。______________________________________________________________答案:1).Bothofthestudentsdon’tlikethestory.2).Neitherofthestudentslikesthestory.课文要点（模块）1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）根据课文 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：BeforeTangshanearthquake,strangethingshappened.A1(有味道的)gascameoutfromthecracksofwellsandanimalsbecame2(nerve).At3:00a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedthattheworldwasat3end.Infifteenseconds,alargecitylayin4(废墟),andthenumberofpeople5(受伤的)orkilledreachedmorethan400,000.Water,foodand6(electric)werecutoffandtherailwaytrackswere7(use)piecesofsteel.Butallhopewasnotlost.Therescueteam8(organize)bythearmycametohelpthose9(幸存者)andslowlythecitybeganto10(呼吸)again.答案：1.smelly2.nervous3.an4.ruins5.injured6.electricity7.useless8.organized9.survivors10.breathe2课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）1.【原句】Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。[模仿要点]句子结构：由which引导的非限制性定语从句【模仿1】李宇春现象超越了她的声音，即使最狂热歌迷们也承认她的声音是非常弱的。______________________________________________________________答案：TheLiYuchunphenomenon,however,goesfarbeyondhervoice,whicheventhemostardentfansadmitisprettyweak【模仿2】据报道，心脏病和癌症成了中年人的头号杀手，这给我们敲响了警钟。______________________________________________________________答案：Itisreportedthatheartdiseaseandcancerarenowthetopkillersofmiddle-agedpeopleinChina,whichgiveusawarming.2.【原句】Itwasacitywhosehospitals,75%ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand90%ofitshomesweregone.所有的师内医院，75%的工厂和建筑物，90%的家园都[模仿要点]句子结构：数字+ofwhich/whom引导的非限制性定语从句【模仿1】从七月上旬开始,20天的干旱和高温袭击了重庆的人们,其中50%的人们处于严重缺水状态。______________________________________________________________答案：Morethan20daysofdroughtandhightemperaturessinceearlyJulyhavehitthepopulationofChongqin,50%ofwhomareinastateofaseverelackofwater.【模仿2】参加奥运会吉祥物竞选的参与者有662人，其中611人来自中国大陆，12人来自香港，澳门和台湾，39人来自国外。______________________________________________________________答案：Therewere662peoplewhocompetedintheselectionofOlympicmascots,ofwhom611werefromtheChinesemainland,12fromHongKong,MacaoandTaiwan,and39fromabroad.单元自测（模块）完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。字数：192完成时间：14分难度：***钟ThelegalageforsmokinginJapanis20andasthecountry's570,000tobaccovendingmachines(自动售货机)prepareforaJulyregulationrequiringthemtoensurebuyersarenotminors,acompanyhasdevelopeda1toidentifyagebystudyingfacialfeatures.Byhavingthecustomerlookintoadigitalcamera2tothemachine,FujitakaCo'ssystemwill3facialcharacteristics,suchaswrinklessurroundingtheeyes,bonestructureandskinsags(松弛),tothefacialdataofover100,000people,HajimeYamamoto,acompanyspokesmansaid."Withface4,solongasyou'vegotsomechangeandyouareanadult,youcanbuycigaretteslikebefore.Theproblemof5borrowing(identification)cardstopurchasecigarettescouldbe6aswell,"Yamamotosaid.Butduetoconcernsaboutitsaccuracy,thefacialidentificationmethodhasyettobe7.Yamamotosaidthesystemcould8identifyabout90percentofthe,withtheremaining10percentsenttoa"greyzone"forminorsthatlook,andbaby-facedadults,wheretheywouldbeaskedtoinserttheirdrivinglicense.1.A.systemB.machineC.programD.monitor2.A.addedB.attachedC.coveredD.devoted3.A.preferB.adjustC.leadD.compare4.A.featuresB.structureC.recognitionD.expression5.A.studentsB.youthsC.adultsD.minors6.A.avoidedB.clarifiedC.raisedD.improved7.A.correctedB.approvedC.updatedD.spread8.A.completelyB.correctlyC.specificallyD.partly9.A.smokersB.sellersC.lookers-onD.users10.A.olderB.youngerC.wiserD.nicer答案：1.A从第二段及最后一段第一句可以判断：一家日本公司研制出一套年龄识别体系。2.Battachto所附的，“附在机器上的数码相机”。其他三个选项不符合语境。3.Dcompare...to...系统将“面部特征与十万多人的面部数据进行对比”。其他三个选项动词尽管可以和介词to连用，但不符合语境。4.Cfeatures特征，structure构造，recognition识别，expression表情，选项C符合语境。D从文章第一句及最后一句可以判断。minor未成年人，本文首句提到吸烟的合法年龄是20岁，自动售货机要确保购买者不是未成年人。6.A年龄识别系统可以避免未成年人借用身份证购买香烟的问题。clarify澄清。7.B因涉及到准确性问题，这套面部识别方法还有待批准。8.B该系统能正确识别出约90%的使用者。9.D从第一段toensurebuyersarenotminors判断，该系统识别的是使用自动售货机购买香烟者。故选users。10.A从baby-facedadults可得提示。有10%的长相显老的未成年人和娃娃脸的成年人进入“灰色地带”。写作训练阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。WhatlstheBestPreparationforLife?Somepeoplesaythatthebestpreparationforlifeislearningtoworkwithothersandbecooperative.Inlifewearefacedwithmanytypesofsituations.Eachsituationrequiresustobehaveindifferentways.Inschoolorworkwemaybefacedwithalargeprojectwhichdemandsthecooperationofmanyindividuals.Inthisinstance,eachpersonmustbeflexible,supportiveandbewillingtocompromisebecauseheisonlyasmallpartofamuchlargermachine.Otherstaketheoppositeviewandsaythatlearningtobecompetitiveisthebepreparation.Beingcompetitivealsohasaplaceinlife.Thedesiretosucceedaridbetterthanotherswillmotivateustoworkhardonthejobandstudydiligentlyschool.Butcompetitionhasitslimits.[写作内容]1．以约30个词概括短文的要点；2．然后以约120个词就“人生最好的准备”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包括以下的内容要点：a)我们生活在竞争与合作共生共存的时代，要与人相容(compatible)，合作共处；今天的事业是集体的竞争，与他人相容，善于合作的人成功机会更大；c)你对此有什么看法，为什么?[写作要求]你可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不能抄袭阅读材料中的句子。[评分 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 ]概括准确、语言 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 、内容合适、篇章连贯。答案Therearealmosttwoopinionsaboutpreparationforlife.Oneislearningtoworkandcooperatewithothers.Theotheristocompetebecausethedesiretosucceedanddobetterthanothersmotivatestoworkhard.Wearelivingintheageofcompetition,cooperationandcoexistence,soweshouldbecompatibleandcooperativewithothers.Thebusinesstodayiscollectivecompetition,wheresomepeoplearecompatiblewithothers.Thosewhoworkinclosercooperationwiththeotherpeoplecanhavealargeropportunitytosucceedintheend.Similarly,students'learninggoalsmaybestructuredtopromotecooperative,competitive,orindividualisticefforts.Incooperation,studentsworkagainsteachothertoachieveagoal.Incompetitionthereisanegativeinterdependenceamonggoalachievements.SoIthinktoomuchdesiretocompetewithothersmaybecomeselfishaanddestructive.Inordertosucceedinlife,wemustlearntobebothcooperativeandcompetitive.Themostimportantthingtolearninlifeistoknowwhentobecooperativeandwhentobecompetitive.