人教版英语选择性必修二：Unit1《1Reading and thinking》教学设计

Unit1ScienceandScientistsPeriod1Readingandthinking教学设计Thethemeofthissectionis"understandingthequestioningmind".ByguidingstudentstoanalyzeJohnSnow'sprocessandmethodsofexploringthesourceofcholera,cuttingoffthesourceofinfection,andfinallypreventingtheepidemicofcholera,thetextbookurgesthemtothinkaboutandsortoutthebasicstepsandcommonmethodsofscientificresearch,andunderstandtheimportantroleofquestioningspiritinscientificresearch.Thispaperisanarrativetextthatdescribesthedevelopmentprocessofeventsinchronologicalorder.Thestepsofscientificresearcharethehiddenclueofthearticle.Thefirstparagraphintroducesthebackgroundoftheresearch.Thesecondparagraphisthefirststageofscientificresearch,thatis,raisingthequestion:thereweretwoviewsonthesourceofcholeraatthattime.ThefollowingthirdparagraphdescribestheresearchprocessadoptedbySnow:collectingdata,analyzingresults,findingfurtherevidence,andfinallyreachingaconclusion.Snowcameupwithascientificandeffectivewaytomapcholeracases.Hemarkedtheresidencesofallthepatientswhodiedofcholeraonthemap,sothattheresidenceswithhighmortalitycouldbeseenobviously.Snowfoundthatresidentsofzerodeathhomesdidnothavewaterfromapumpbecausetheyreceivedfreebeer.Asaresult,snowsuspectedthatthepumpwastheproblem.Supportedbyanothercase,snowconcludedthatthewaterinthepumpcarriedcholerabacteria.Heimmediatelyhadthepumphandleremoved,cuttingoffthetransmissionofcholera.Thefourthparagraphrevealsthetruthaboutthespreadofcholera.IthasbeenprovedthatthewaterinBroadStreetispollutedbywaste,andpeoplewhodrinksuchwaterwillgreatlyincreasetheprobabilityofgettingsick.ThelastparagraphdescribesSnow'scontributiontothecontrolofcholeratransmission.Thankstosnow'stirelessefforts,peoplebegantodrinkcleanwater,andthethreatofcholerawassignificantlyreducedworldwide.Hisresearchresultsandresearchmethodsarealsoofpracticalsignificancetothepreventionofcholeratoday,and"choleramap"hasbecomeaclassiccaseofepidemiologicalresearch,sosnowhaswonthereputationof"fatherofepidemiology".LeadingstudentstoreadabouthowJohnSnowdefeated“KingCholera”GuidingstudentstoanalyzeJohnSnow'sscientificprocessandmethodsofdefeatingtheepidemicofcholeraInstructingstuendentstofigureoutthebasicscientificresearchsteps,andunderstandtheimportantroleofquestioningspiritinscientificresearch.Instructingstudentstounderstandtheimportantroleofquestioningspiritinscientificresearch.Encouragingstudentstosolvethereadingtasksbythinkinglogicallyandcooperatingwithpeers.1.Enablestudentstoworkoutthestagesofscientificresearch.2.Cultivatestudentstoformthespiritsofraisingnewquestions.LeadinNamesomefamousscientistsyouknowandsharesomedetailsaboutthem.Theteachercanshowsomesomepicturesaboutsomefamousscientistswiththehelpofthemultimedia.Ifitistoodifficult,theteachercaninspirestudentsbyaskingsomequestions.TakeCharlesDarwinforexample,theteachercanshowapictureabouthimandthenaskaquestion:Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?Pre-reading:Lookatthepicture,thetitleandthemap,guesswhatthecontentofthetextis.Thenskimitquicklytoseeifyouareright.key:ThetextismainlyaboutJohnSnowandhowhedefeatedkingcholera.Step1:Readthetextquicklyandfindoutwhatorderwouldyouputthesevenstagesin?_____analyzetheresults_____askaquestion_____drawaconclusion_____collectdata_____findaproblem_____thinkofamethod_____findsupportingevidenceKey:1.findaproblem2.askaquestion3.thinkofamethod4.collectdata5.analyzetheresults6.findsupportingevidence7.drawaconclusionStep2:Readthetextquicklyandfindouttheanswerstothefollowingquestions.1.What’sthepurposeofthetext?2.WhatinspiredJohnSnowaccordingtothefirstparagraph?3.What’stheuseofJohnSnow’smapinhisresearch?4.HowdidJohnSnowfeelaboutthecauseofcholeraafterhefinishedthemap?5.Whywascholeracalled“KingCholera”inthetext?keys:1.TotellushowJohnSnowfoundthecauseofcholeraandthecureforit.2.TodestroyCholeraonceandforall.3.Tohelphimfindthereasonofthecholeraoutbreakbymarkingtheresidencesofallthepatients.4.Unsure;hesuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.Thus,heneededmoresupportingproof.5.Becausecholerawasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday.Step3：Readthepassageagainandcompletethechartbelow.Atwasbelievedthatcholerawascausedbybad_1___orgermsin___2__________（A）Snow__3______theplaceswherethepeoplewho_4___hadlived.(B)Manydeathsoccurrednearthe____5_______inBroadStreet.Somepeople_6__drunkthewaterfromthepump,andlived.AwomanandherdaughterdiedinanotherpartofLondonafter__7_.(C)The__9__ofthepumpwasremoved.(E)Thepumpwatercarried_____8___(D)keys:1.air2.foodorwater3.marked4.died5.waterpump6.hadnot7.movingawayfromBroadStreet8.choleragerms9.handle.Step4：Matchthefollowingheaderswiththelettersfromthechartabove.writeA---Eintheblanks.conclusion____________evidence_____________process_____________solution_____________theories_____________keys:1—5:DCBEAStep5：Afterlearningthetext,discusswithyourpeersaboutthefollowingquestions:1.JohnSnowbelievedIdea2wasright.Howdidhefinallyproveit?2.DoyouthinkJohnSnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwithoutthemap?3.Choleraisa19thcenturydisease.Whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?SARSandCovid-19becausetheyarebothdeadlyandfatallyinfectious,haveanunknowncauseandneedseriouspublichealthcaretosolvethemurgently.keys:JohnSnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera,collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater.No.ThemaphelpedJohnSnoworganizehisideas.Hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadhadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater-drinkinghabits.Heidentifiedthosehousesthathadhadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits.Theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause.SARSandCovid-19becausetheyarebothdeadlyandfatallyinfectious,haveanunknowncauseandneedseriouspublichealthcaretosolvethemurgently.Step6:Consolidatewhatyouhavelearnedbyfillingintheblanks:JohnSnowwasawell-known_1___inLondoninthe_2__century.Hewantedtofindthe_3_____ofcholerainordertohelppeople___4_____it.In1854whenacholera__5__London,hebegantogatherinformation.He___6__onamap___7___allthedeadpeoplehadlivedandhefoundthatmanypeoplewhohad___8____(drink)thedirtywaterfromthe__9____died.Sohedecidedthatthepollutedwater___10____cholera.Hesuggestedthatthe___11__ofallwatersuppliesshouldbe_12______andnewmethodsofdealingwith____13___waterbefound.Finally,“KingCholera”was__14_____.Keys:1.doctor2.19th3.cause4.infectedwith5.hit6.marked7.where8.drunk9.pump10.carried11.source12.examined13.polluted14.defeatedHomework:Retellthetextafterclassandpreviewitslanguagepoints.