2019年秋八年级英语仁爱版上学期期末知识点复习

PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#2019-2020学年八上期末复习Unit1Topic1I'mgoingtoplaybasketball.常见的感官动词有：see,watch,hear,notice,smell等。后可接①动词ing形式, 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 此动作正在发生。如：看见某人正在做某事"seesb.doingsth②动词原形,不表此动作正在发生，表此动作已完成或存在的事实。如：看见某人做了某事“seesb.dosth.hope后可加①hopetodosth.②hope+that从句win过去式为won,winner胜利者.Wouldyoulike+todo?表建议或邀请。常用I'dlovet豉I'dbegladio回答，不同意也常用"I'dloveto,but来拒绝别人。cheersbon（以欢呼）激励某人，为某人加油，向某人欢呼后接名词，放在cheeron的中间和后面都可以；后接人称代词，则必须放在中间。关掉灯turnoffthelight/turnthelightoff关掉它turnitoffprefer意为更喜欢“，其后可接名词、动名词或动词不定式。如:(1)preferAtoB相比A更喜欢B(2)preferdoingAtodoingB相比做A更喜欢做B(3)prefertodoAratherthandoB宁愿做A而不愿做B与how构成的疑问词有：Howtall（身高）多高；Howwide多宽；Howoften多经常playfor为某个队效力；onceaweek,一周一次fourtimesaweek一周四次howhigh（山）多高；howdeep多深；howlong多久playagainst与某个队比赛;twiceaweek一周两次howheavy多重；howlong多长;howold多大•・•.(how+adj.)playwith玩某物/与某人玩threetimesaweek一周三次三次或三次以上用数字+times扩展：对onceaweek提问要用howoftenexercise体操、练习”，可数名词。锻炼，运动”，不可数名词。锻炼，运动”，动词。begoodat••二dowellin擅长于•…begoodfor对…有好处，如：domorningexercises;doEnglishexercises如：doexercise如：Sheexerciseseverymorning.如：IamgoodatEnglish.=IdowellinEnglish.Runningisgoodforyourhealth.使某人/某物怎么样makesb./sth.+dosth.使某人/某物做某事反义词为：bebadat=dobadlyin不擅长•••.bebadfor对…有害make/keepsb./sth.+adjleave+地点离开某地"leavefor+地点动身前往某地"leave+地点+for+地点离开某地去某地"⑴join加入+(人群，组织)Welljointhearmy.takepartin=joinin=bein参力口+(活动,比赛)I，llbeintherelayrace.Hejoinedinthegame.growup长大成人。如：whenIgrowup,IwanttoworkinShenzhen.grow过去式为grew,做生长”讲时为不及物动词，做种植”讲时为及物动词。(1)spendsometime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间/金钱做某事spend®可用于spendsometime/moneyonsth.”在某事上花费时间/金钱。如：IspendanhourinpracticingEnglisheveryday.•扩展：take,cost和pay也可指花费，但用法不同。①take的主语一般it固定句型Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.表示做某事花费某人多少时间”。如：Ittakesmeanhourtodomyhomeworkeveryday.cost的主语必须是物“。固定句型sth.cost(s)sb.somemoney。如：Thebookcostme30yuanlastweek.pay的主语是人，固定句型pay...for。如；Hepaid5yuanforthispen.17.表到达的有：①arriveat+(小地名);arrivein+(大地名)②getto+地点③reach+地点Unit1Topic2Weshouldlearnteamwork.oneof+可数名词复数+谓单，译为"....之一”Wouldyoumind(not)doingsth.你介意(别)做某事吗？(礼貌地请求某人做或别做某事)Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?(I)(常用物主代词my,her,his,our等)PS:(不介意)肯定回答：Notatall./Ofcoursenot./Certainlynot.(介意)否定回答：Sorry,Iwon't./pleasedon't./You'dbetternot.keep的用法：①keep(sb)doingsth.让某人一直做某事②keep+adj保持怎么样③keepsbfromdoingsth.④keep+sb/sth+adj.something,anything,nothing等都是不定代词，当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词或特殊疑问词的时候，修饰词要放在这些被修饰词的后面。somethingimportant重要的事情；Anythingelse?还有别的吗？Nothingserious不严重besorryfor…表为道歉，后面接名词、代词、从句或动名词。besorryto.do.sth.抱歉去做某事。besure的用法①besuretodosth..确信要做某事(表将来)It'ssuretorain.定要下雨。besureofsthbesure+(that)从句,Wearesurethatwewillwinnexttime.benotsureif/whether+句子.havefun(in)doingsth做某事有乐趣Itis+形容词+(forsb.)+todosth.意为"(对某人而言)做是样的“alargenumberof大量的许多,后接谓语动词复数形式thenumberof...的数量，后接谓语动词单数形式lose的过去式为lostlose失去；loseone'sBifelose输掉loseinthegame输掉比赛lose^失；loseone'sWOy；loseoneselfin…迷失于finish(doing)sth.完成(做)某事(1)through介词，意为通过，穿过“，指从物体的中间通过、穿过acros价词，意为通过，穿过“，指从物体的表面通过、穿过Unit1Topic3Theschoolsportsmeetiscoming.合成形容词：⑴'s八百米竞赛800meters'race三分钟的路程threeminutes'walk(2)连字符-"'男子八百米竞赛800-meterrace三分钟的路程three-minutewalkbein+活动，表参加某活动，相当于takepartin和joininexcitingadj.意为冷人激动的，令人兴奋的”，与其搭配的常是某物。excitedadj.意为感到激动的，感到兴奋的”，与其搭配的主语通常是人。(类似的词还有interesting和interested,tired和tiring等)It'sone'sfirsttimetodo^sM人第一次做…如：It'sherfirsttimetocookdinner.have10tsoffun.①此处fun为不可数名词，译为乐趣”形容词为funny玩得彳艮愉快haveagoodtime/enjoyoneself②havefundoing.sth.做某事有趣约定在...几点makeit+时刻(注意没有at)make定，约定。can/beableto区别can用在现在时和过去时beableto用于各种时态can和beableto不能连用Unit2Topic1well的用法lookwell.look在这里译作看起来“，作连系动词，后接形容词。sleepwell.well通常来说是副词，但是当表示身体好坏时，是形容词。What'swrongwithyou?=What'sthematter/troublewithyou?suggest/advisesuggestdoingadvisesb.todosuggestion可数名词advice不可数名词advise动词enough修饰名词enough+名词1.喜欢做某事PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#修饰形容词/副词形容词/副词+enough+名词形前名后5.表建议或劝告hadbetter(not)dosth.最好（不）做某事should(not)dosth.（不）应该做某事6.medicine/pilltakemedicine吃/服药（片）medicine不可数7.have/takepills吃/服药（片）pill可数toomuch+不可数名词,表太多toomany+可数名词复数muchtoo+形容词，表candy为不可数名词，做糖的种类时就可数了。想要做某事feellikedoingsth./wouldliketodosth./wanttodosth.帮助某人某事帮助某事帮助某人做某事shelp在的帮助下向某人寻求帮助lie的用法lie躺laylie撒谎/位于liedlay放，搁；卜蛋laid10.helpsb.withsth.helpwithsth.helpsb.(to)dosth.withthehelpof=withoneasksb.forhelp=turntosb.leaveleave作为n.时，意为askfortwoweeksleave作为v.时,意为leavefor动身去某地休假”请两周假leave=askforaweekleave离开；留下”。leaveamessage留言请假takeamessage捎口信=givesb.amessageUnit2Topic2Imustaskhimtogiveupsmoking.worry用法.v.worryabout担心e.g.Don'tworryaboutme.Iamfine.adj.worried担心的,beworriedabout担心e.g.Hewasworriedaboutthetest.watch主要用于观看电视节目、球赛、游戏和话剧，强调动作see与watch都可以用于观看比赛、电视节目、演出、电影等，但see虽调结果read主要用于读 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 、看报look强调动作，不及物动词常与at]＜配使用Stayinguplate(be)badforyourhealth.此处动名词短语在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。putinto把丢进putaway收拾putup粘贴，悬挂；举起puton穿上，上映putoff推迟giveup+doingsth.放弃做某事giveupsth.放弃某东西giveup接人称代词时放在两词中间Idon'tlikestory,soIwanttogiveitup.It'snecessaryforsth.对来说是很有必要的It's+necessary+(forsb.)todosth.(对某人来说)做某事有必要It's+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.(对某人来说)做某事是怎么样的Becarefulnottoeattoomuchsaltor.sugar.否定句中常用or代替and表示和的意思【拓展】意为否则，不然“，用于警告或忠告Hurryup,oryou'llbelate.assoonas意为匕就”可用(主将从现)Wewillgobacktoschoolassoonasthesummerholidayisover.Buthismothermadehimtasteit.makesb./sth.+adj使某人/某物怎么样makesb./sth.+dosth.使某人/某物做某事suprise用法【拓展】surprise动词，意为使吃惊”besurprisedtodosth.besurprisedatsth.surprise名词，意为惊讶”suchas/forexampleLunch:ricewithalotofmeatsuchaschicken,beef,etc.suchas后接名词或短语HeknowsmanylanguagessuchasChinese,English,RussianandFrench.forexample后接句子Heisagoodboyforexampleheoftenhelpshismotherwiththehousework.Unit2Topic3Mustweexercisetopreventtheflu?12.as...aspossible尽可能尽可能快assoonaspossible尽可能早asearlyaspossiblestop/preventsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事，此处from可省略。keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事，此处from不可省略。afraid形容词，害怕的，担心的，恐怕害怕做某事beafraidtodosth./beafraidofdoingsth.让：make/getmakesb/sthdosth让某人"/某物做某事"，make+sb./sth+adj.,make+sb.+n.getsbtodosth使某人做某事”get+adj.变得"getlong/warminsteadof是介词短语，后接名词、代词和动名词，放在句中句首都可以taketheplaceof是动词词组，作谓语，放在句中Unit3Topic1Enjoy/like/love/befondof/beinterestedin+doingsth.+动词原形Whynot=whydon'tyou/wouldyouplease/hadbetter/make/lethelp后+(to)+动词原形maybe/maybe.maybe:副词，意思是也许、可能“如：Maybeshe'llcomethisafternoon^可能今天下午来。maybe:may情态动词，be是动词原形，意为也许是、可能是"。Hemaybeintheoffice.实战演练：请用maybe/may/maybe填空WangShilingiscrying.sheishungrynow.WangShilingiscrying.Shebehungrynow.WangShilingiscrying.Shehungrynow.Must提问，否定回答用needn'和don'thavetoEg:Heisn'tinhisbedroom.Hemustbeinthestudyroom.实战演练ThebookToms.Ithashisnameonit.A.mustbeB.maybeC.can'tbeD.canbeusedto过去常常"否定句"didn'tusetodobe/getusedtodoing习惯于做某事提供“providesb.withsth./providesth.forsb.andhedoesn'tmihethertheyaregoodornot.whether.....ornot是否whether固定搭配ornotif是否Unit3Topic21.v.sound系动词+adj./n.听起来”hear听见listento听sound声音n.e.g.Thestorysoundsinteresting.Iheardastrangesound.lend借给别人"lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.一过去式lentborrow向另1J人借“borrowsth.fromsb.keep保持，保留"延续性动词keep+一段时间，回答how10ng引导的特殊疑问句中三餐球类不加冠词，西洋乐器+theplay+the+乐器e.g.playtheviolin/drum/piano/guitarplay+球类名词e.g.playbasketball/volleyball/baseball/soccer/football最喜欢：like...best...最喜欢=be...favoritee.g.LiuMinglikespopmusicbest.=PopmusicisLiuMing'sfavorite.befamousfor因而著名e.g.Suzhouisfamousforthegardens.苏州以园林而著称。befamousas以某种身份而著名Sheisfamousasawomanscientist.她作为一名女科学家扬名天下。PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#beborn出生于bebornin+地点出生于某地in/on/at区别in+（年、月、季节、泛指某天早上中午下午）on+具体的某一天（星期）at+时间点attheageof...在某人岁时，相当于whenhe/shewas...yearsold.Unit3Topic3when/while（1）此处while=when意为当的时候”，引导时间状语从句。拓展：when与while区别‘延续性动词（表示一段时间）【从句用进行时】when+v〔短暂性动词（表示一个时间点）【从句用一般过去时或一般现在时】while+延续性动词【从句用进行时】While/WhenIwashavingsupper,someoneknockedatthedoor.Whenyouleavetheroom,pleaseturnoffthelights.while:然而callsb.（up）/ringsb.（up）/phonesb./givesb.aring打电话给某人”callsb.at+电话号码not...until...到时候才；在以前不”agree动词，意为同意，应允“。反义词为disagree,名词agreement/disagreementagreewithsb.同意某人的观点”agreetodosth.同意做某事”agreeon/aboutsth.关于某事取得一致意见"a+序数词，表示又一，再一"the+序数词第几”toot逾为太以至不能"So...that如此....以至于“stopdoingsth.停止做某事”（停止正在做的事）stoptodosth.停下来去做某事”（停下目前做的事去做另一件事）stopsb.（from）doingsth.阻止某人做某事”Unit4Topic1thinkabout思考，考虑thinkof认为，想起thinkover仔细考虑much/alittle/even+比较级，表程度复数变化sheep/sheepdeer/deergoose、tooth,foot的复数要：geeseteeth、feet。mouse的复数：micechild的复数childrenanother/other/others/theotherother+名词复数=others其他的，theother两者中另一个another多者另一个another+数字=数字加+more再几个“(1)Asweknow=Ithowkthat众所周知拓展It'sbelievedthat人们相信It'ssaidthat据说It'sreportedthat据报道⑴coverv.覆盖，遮盖，掩盖n.罩，盖子，覆盖物cover…with…用覆盖(2)反义词discoverv.发现(已存在但不为人所知)(1)当hundred,thousand,million,billion等表示不确定的数目时，常用复数形式，后面跟介词of,成百上千hundredsof成千上万thousandsof(2)当hundred,thousand,million,billion等与具体数词连用时，则不用复数形式。如：fivethousand五千sevenmillion七百万playanimportantpartin(doing)sth.在中起着重要的作用diev.死，死亡(过去式died,现在分词dying)deadadj.死的deathn.死亡dieout灭绝，消失feedv.喂养，饲养(过去式fed)feedon以为食”feedsth.tosb./sth.把喂给吃“feedsb./sth.withsth.拿来喂”dangern.危险dangerousadj.危险的indanger意为处在危险中"；反义词为：outofdanger脱离危险Unit4Topic2morethan=over表示"多于"turnoff意为"关掉(煤气、电器开关等)"，turnon打开，turnup开大，turndown关小AterribleearthquakestruckQinghai.strike-struck-struck侵袭，爆发，撞，撞击”灾害的英文表达：rainstorm暴风雨，fire火灾，snowstorm暴风雪,typhoon台风，flood洪水,drought旱灾Somepeoplediedandmanypeoplearemissing.die动词―ddied~dyingdead形容词death名词e.g.Tom'smotherwasfounddeadinthebathroom.Whenhismotherdied,hefeltverysad.Nowwhenhethoughtofherdeath,hecan'thelpcrying.Morethan240000peoplelosttheirlivesinit.loseone's肝瞰生"loseone'shom耿去某人的家"loseone'swayHowcanweprotectourselvesfromtheearthquake?protectsb.fromdoingsth.保护....免受伤害"此处from不可省略。keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事"，此处from不可省略。prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事"，此处from可省略。thenumberofbuildingfallingdownthenumberof+可数名词复数+谓语动词单数，Thenumberofstudentsisabouttwenty.anumberof+可数名词复数+谓语动词复数，表示"许多"IknowthattherewereanothertwoterribleearthquakesinChina.another表示“再一，又一”another+可数名词单数another+基数词+可数名词的复数other+可数名词的复数DidyouhearabouttheYushuearthquakeinQinghaiProvince?hear表示听的结果，过去式heard,后接do/doinghearabout/of听说关于某事的消息hearfrom=receivealetterfromsb.接到某人的来信Ithinkweshouldrunoutofthedoor.runoutof从跑出；用完，耗尽拓展：runaway走开，跑掉，逃跑runafter追赶某人Remember,themostimportantthingistostaycalm.staycalm=keepcalm保持冷静IwasverysadwhenIgotthenews.sad意为"悲伤的"，是形容词，名词形式为sadnessStayawayfromwindows,tallfurnitureandpicturesoranythingthatmayfallonyou.furniture不可数名词，要表示一件家具就用apieceoffurnituregetawayfromsth.离开某物getawayfromdoingsth.摆脱做某事stayawayfrom=keepawayfrom=getawayfrom离开、摆脱、脱离Thedangerisnotoverwhenthestrongshakingstops.shake摇动；动摇；震动；shakesb'shands人握手shock休克；震惊；打击；(3)aftershock余震，可数名词Whenitissafeforyoutomovearound,checkthepeoplenearyou.checkover=lookover仔细检查Sittingonthefloorinadoorwayorclosetoawalljs.saferthanstandinginthemiddleofaroom.动名词充当主语，谓语动词用单数Fivemillionpeoplelosttheirhomes.当hundred,thousand,million,billion等表示不确定的书目时，常用复数形式；但是当这些词与具体数字连用时，则不用复数形式，如fivehundred;sixmillionButwiththehelpofthewholenation,peopleinWenchuanarerebuildingtheirhomesnowandtheyarereturningtonormallife.whole在本句中意为全部的，整体的"，这与之前所学的all有什么区别呢？①whole的后面大多数接单数名词，一般不能与物质名词连用，所以不能说thewholemoney,应该说allthemoney②all与复数名词连用时，有所有”的意思；与单数名词连用时，有整个的，全部的”的意思③whole与all在名词短语中的位置是不同的。whole用在冠词、名词所有格之后，而all则用在冠词、名词所有格之前Hewasstudyingthewholeafternoon.Hewasstudyingalltheafternoon.rebuild重建；return归还；discover发现；dislike不喜欢；disappear消失；disagree不同意；ThepeopleofWenchuanareverybrave,andtheyarestartingtheirlivesoveragain.overagain意为再次；重新”NowamorebeautifulnewWenchuanhasappeared.Sentthearmytohelp.sent派遣，打发，寄sendfor派人去请（取）,sendup发射，sendemailsUnit4Topic3findout弄清楚，查明”，表示经过一番努力，调查了解到某些事情。find找到”，强调找的结果。lookfor寻找"，强调寻找的过程。in1840在1840年inthe1840s在19世纪40年代inthe1800s在19世纪在符合的条件中打钩修饰可数修饰不可数衣目7E表仆定littleVValittleVVfewVVafweVV4.however/but区别but常位于句中；however则可位于任何部分，常用逗号隔开。都表示但是的意思。5.lookup意为在（字典、教科书等）中查找”lookafter照顾lookfor寻找lookout当心lookat看