英语的构词：转化、派生与合成..

英语的构词：转化、派生与合成(一)转化是由一种词类转化成另一种词类。e.g.1.Letushaveatry.(tryv.→n.)2.Pleasehandinyourpaper.(handn.→v.)第一页3.Thecrowemptiedabottleofwater.(emptyadj.→v.)4.Thegirlinblueismydaughter.(blueadj.→n.)(二)派生是由词根加词缀组成的新词。其中词缀有前缀、后缀两种。第二页1.前缀post-(1) 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“在后面”postwara.战后的postponev.推迟postgraduatea.大学毕业的posteriora.较晚的postscriptn.附言,后记第三页postagen.邮资postofficen.邮局postcardn.明信片postala.邮政的postern.海报,招贴画(2)表示“邮件,邮政”第四页2.前缀sub-(1)表示“在下面,次一等,副手”subtitlen.副标 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 subsidev.下陷,平息(2)表示“接近,靠近”subcentrala.接近中心的subadulta.接近成年的subacida.略酸的第五页3.前缀over-(1)表示“过度,过分”overstudyn.用功过度overworkn.过度劳累overdosen.用药过量(2)表示“在……之上”overlookv.俯视,疏忽overlapv./n.重叠overwhelmv.压倒,泛滥第六页(3)表示“翻转”overturnn.颠覆overthrown.推翻overhauln.彻底检修4.前缀up-表示“向上,在上”upward,uphold,uphill第七页5.前缀under-表示“在……下面,下面的”underline,underground,underwater6.后缀-fy表示“使……化,使……成”beautify,purify,signify,simplify7.后缀-dom表示“等级,领域,状态”kingdom,freedom,wisdom第八页(三)合成是两个或两个以上的词合成一个词。1.lifelong,worldwide,exam-oriented,new-born,well-known,three-legged,heartbroken,easygoing,soft-spoken,narrow-minded,seasick...(adj.)第九页2.weekend,railway,playground,greenhouse,passer-by,brother-in-law,grown-up,breakdown...3.half-hibernate,air-drop...4.myself,anyone,somebody...(n.)(v.)(pron.)第十页Exercises1.Thatmanwas_______enoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A.care　　  B.careful　　   C.careless　　  D.carelessnessB第十一页2.Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild,sohis________isheavierthanMountTai.A.die   B.dead    C.died    D.deathD第十二页5.Thethree-________chairisn’tsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff.A.leggy   B.legged    C.legs    D.leged4.Heisanexpertatchemistry.Weallcallhima________.A.chemistry       B.chemicalC.chemist       D.physicianBC有……腿的腿长的第十三页6.Stephensonbecamethe________railwayengineerintheworld.A.lead   B.leader    C.leading    D.leadershipC第十四页7.Whentheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem,Jacklooked_______aboutathisclassmates.A.proud   B.proudly   C.pride    D.pridelyB第十五页8.Toeveryone’s________，thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.A.satisfied       B.satisfactoryC.satisfying       D.satisfactionD第十六页9.—Whatareyoudoinghere?—Oh,myteacheraskedmetowriteapassageabout________inEnglish.—Youcanwrite________passageinEnglish?A.600words；a600-words　B.600-word；a600-wordsC.600words；a600-word　D.600words；a600-wordsC第十七页10.Nooneshouldenterthespotwithoutthe________ofthepolice.A.permit        B.permissionC.permitting      D.permittence11.Youmustcomewithustothepolice________.Ourheadiswaitingforyou.A.headquarters      B.headlineC.headmaster       D.headacheBA总部，指挥部第十八页12.Lettingthatanimalescapewasnoaccident;youdidit________.A.intend        B.intentionC.intentionally　D.intentional13.Theshopownerwelcomedalltheguestswitha_______smile.A.practice      B.practiseC.practical      D.practicedCD老练的，熟练地第十九页14.The________orderedhimtopaya$100fine.A.judger       B.judgmentC.judge       D.judgement15.MyTVisoutoforder.Canyoutellmewhatisthe_______newsaboutIraqWar?A.lately       B.latestC.later       D.latterCB第二十页16.TheGreatWallismorethan6000liin________.A.longer       B.lengthC.long       D.longing17.Tomy________，Ipassedtheexameasily.A.joy       B.joyfulC.joyless       D.joynessAB第二十一页18.Canadaismainlyan________country.A.English-speaking     B.speak-EnglishC.spoken-English     D.English-spokenA第二十二页19.How________heis!Heisalwaysacting_______.Heisreallya________.A.foolish；foolishly；foolB.fool；foolish；foolC.foolish；fool；foolD.foolishly；foolish；foolA第二十三页20.Thenecklacethatshelostisveryexpensive.It’sofgreat________.A.valuable      B.valueC.valueless      D.unvaluable21.Therewere________fishintheriverinSouthAmerica.A.indanger      B.dangerC.dangerous      D.dangerlessBC第二十四页22.Theletter“b”intheword“doubt”is________.A.sound       B.silentC.silence      D.sounded23.Thechildlookedatme________.A.stranger      B.strangelyC.strange       D.strangelessBB第二十五页24.Theblackpeoplewereagainstslaveryandfoughtfortheir________bravely.A.free       B.freelyC.freedom      D.freesC第二十六页25.Whatyousaidsounded______butinfactitwasuntrue.A.reasonable      B.reasonfulC.reasonless      D.unreason26.Wehavetolearn________technologyfromothercountries.A.advance      B.advancingC.advantage      D.advancedAD第二十七页28.MrBlackisan________inthearmy,notan________inthegovernment.Youcannoteasilyfindhiminhis________.A.official；officer；officeB.officer；office；officialC.official；official；officialD.officer；official；officeD第二十八页29.You’dbettergiveupsmokingifyouwanttokeep________.A.health       B.healthyC.healthily      D.healthier30.________speaking,Ididn’tdoitonpurpose.A.Honestly　      B.HonestC.Honesty     D.DishonestBA第二十九页Homework1.Chooseabestexplanationforthewordinred.(1).SouthAfrica’sfirstmultiracialelectiontookplacein1994.()(2).Theyusedtobeoverworkedandunderpaid.()第三十页3.Ashestoppedspeakingtherewasaudiblemurmursofdiscontent.()4.HeholdsabiannualexhibitionofhisworksinMilan.()5.Asitapproachesthesea,theriverbeginstowidenout.()第三十一页6.Capitalismisalsobasedonthefreeexchangeofgoodsandservicesintheworldmarket.()A.asocialsystembasedonprivateownershipofcapitalB.involvingpeopleofseveraldifferentraces第三十二页C.happeningtwiceayearD.becomewideE.notbepaidasmuchasnecessaryF.afeelingofwantinganimprovedsituation2.PreviewtheIntegratingSkillspart.第三十三页