哲学专业英语词汇

哲学专业英语（thecourseofphilosophicalEnglish）西方哲学专业词汇Westernphilosophy西方哲学AncientGreek-Romanphilosophy古希腊罗马哲学Hellenisticphilosophy希腊化哲学Medievalphilosophy中世纪哲学Renaissancephilosophy文艺复兴哲学Modernwesternphilosophy西方近代哲学Contemporarywesternphilosophy西方现代哲学Jewishphilosophy犹太哲学马克思主义哲学PhilosophyofMarxism中国哲学ChinesePhilosophy外国哲学ForeignPhilosophy逻辑学Logic伦理学Ethics美学Aesthetics宗教学ScienceofReligion科学技术哲学PhilosophyofScienceandTechnology艺术哲学PhilosophyofartMetaphysics形而上学Epistemology认识论/知识论Methodology方法论ontology本体论Cosmology宇宙论/宇宙生成论Theoryofvalue/axiology价值论Monism一元论Dualism二元论Pluralism多元论Cognosciblism可知论Agnosticism不可知论Materialism唯物主义Irrationalism非理性主义abstract/concrete抽象/具体Idealism唯心主义Objective/Subjectiveidealism客/主观唯心主义Scepticism怀疑主义Substance实体macrocosm大宇宙microcosm小宇宙Sensibility/understanding/reason感性/知性/理性Theism有神论Antitheism无神论Deism自然神论pantheism泛神论Dialecticalmaterialism辩证唯物主义Historicalmaterialism历史唯物主义Lawofidentity同一律Lawofcontradiction排中律Lawofexcludedmiddle排中律teleology目的论mechanism机械论dialectics辩证法consciousness意识spirit精神belief信念nature自然reality现实，实在possibility可能性Illusion幻想imagination想象力Mysticism神秘主义Spiritualism唯灵论form形式existence存在appearance现象essence本质primematter原初质料motion运动Continuity/non-Continuity连续性/间断性timeandspace时间与空间Past-present-future过去/现在/未来causeandeffect原因与结果subjectandobject主体与客体occasionalism偶因论Ockham’srazor奥康剃刀subjectivity主体性Necessityandcontingency必然性与偶然性Universalsandindividuals个别与一般/共相与殊相/普遍与个别relativeandabsolute相对与绝对intuition直觉idea观念thought思维perception知觉subsistence潜在knowledge知识opinion意见Nature自然Actuality/reality现实Reality实在Necessityandfreedom必然与自由Beginning/firstprinciple/arche（希）本原，始基archetype原型illusion幻象image形像，影像ideology意识形态doctrineofcorrespondence符合说mind-bodyproblem身心问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 representativetheoryofidea 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 象说finiteandinfinite有限与无限humanism人道主义，人文主义Naturaltheology自然神学substratum基质Theinfinite/boundless/apeiron无定/无限pneuma普纽玛being存在non-being非存在logos逻各斯mind/nous努斯psyche/pneuma普纽玛atom原子void虚空element元素fourroots四根self-knowledge自知Becoming/decay生成/衰亡bisection两分法flyingarrowisatrest飞矢不动stadium运动场becoming生成doctrineofeffluence流射说Eristic/elenchus论辩术，诡辩术artofmidwifery/maieuticmethod助产术/接生术irony讥讽Virtueisknowledge美德即知识worldofidea理念世界Infiniteregressargument无穷后退证明Simileofthecave洞穴喻Simileoftheline线段喻Simileofthesun太阳喻senseworld感性世界，感官世界harmony和谐theoryofParticipation（sharing）分有说theoryofImitation模仿说copy摹本archetype模型，原型paradigm范式modelofuniversal宇宙模型，世界模型soulofuniversal宇宙灵魂，世界灵魂Philosopher-king哲学王passion激情Wisdom/courage/temperance/justice智慧/勇敢/节制/正义（fourcardinalvirtue四主德）Desire/passion欲望/激情artificer工匠，创造者Genus种primary/secondarysubstance第一、二实体formandmatter形式与质料accident偶性potentialityandactuality潜能与现实fourcauses四因materialcause质料因formalcause形式因efficientcause动力因finalcause目的因ether以太Actuality现实/entelechy隐德莱希（完全实现）Good/highestgood善/至善Category范畴Peripatetics漫步学派activereason/activeintellect主动理性/主动理智mean中道，中庸wisdom智慧Practicalwisdom实践智慧intellectualvirtue理智德性theliar说谎者argumentofthemeasureofgrain谷堆论证argumentofthebaldhead秃头论证argumentoftheveiledfigure隐藏者论证logosoftheuniverse宇宙理性one太一What-it-is是什么thethirdmanargument第三者论证Theoryofrecollection回忆说epoche悬搁判断==judgementofsuspensionataraxy静观doctrineofemanation流溢说anthropomorphism神人同形同性论=拟人观pythagoreanism毕达哥拉斯主义transmigrationofsouls灵魂轮回转世说atomism原子论Modeofcyclicalreasoning循环论证Goodbeingnature善即自然sensationwasduetoactionbetweentheunlikes异类相知说doctrineoflikeknowslike同类相知说doctrineofseeds种子说Doctrineofloveandstrife爱恨说doctrineofimage影像说cynicism犬儒主义platonism柏拉图主义theoryofidea理念论doctrineofthecommunionofgenera通种论aristotelianism亚里士多德主义syllogism三段论Unmovedmover不动的动者==primemoverpurification净化说induction归纳法pyrrhonism皮浪主义Epicureanism伊壁鸠鲁主义canonic准则学Ionianschool伊奥尼亚学派Milesianschool米利都学派Ephsianschool爱菲斯学派Heracliteanschool赫拉克利特学派Pythagoreans毕达哥拉斯学派Eleaticschool爱利亚学派privation缺失，匮乏Presocratics前苏格拉底学派Cynics犬儒学派Cyrenaics昔兰尼学派megarianschool麦加拉派sophists智者Minorsocratics小苏格拉底学派academy学园/柏拉图学园/雅典学园academics学园派peripatetics漫步学派stoics画廊学派/斯多亚学派Epicureanschool伊壁鸠鲁学派Christianity基督教Christianphilosophy基督教哲学Judaism犹太教Trinity三位一体heresy异端Polytheism多神论eschatology末世论Churchfathers教父Providence天意，天命KingdomofGod上帝之国theology神学negativetheology否定神学Positivetheology肯定神学Patristicphilosophy/Patristics教父哲学/教父学scholasticism经院哲学revealedreligion天启宗教，启示宗教Trinity三位一体incarnation道成肉身faith/hope/love信仰/希望/热爱doctrineofredemption救赎论grace神恩，神惠，恩宠omnipotence全能omniscience全知omnipresence全在Argumentaposteriori先天证明Argumentapriori后天证明fideism信仰主义（僧侣主义）hylozoism物活论Originalsin原罪Justificationbyfaith因信称义Ockham’srazor奥卡姆剃刀nominalism唯名论（extreme/moderate）realism唯实论（extreme/moderate）Augustinism奥古斯丁主义ontologicalargument本体论证明cosmologicalargument宇宙论证明teleologicalargument目的论证明Moralargument道德论证明Supremegoodargument至善性证明Faithhopeandcharity信望爱doctrineofdouble-truth双重真理论Divineillumination神的光照Theologicalfatalism神学预定论Thomism托马斯主义Averroism阿威洛伊主义Scotism司各脱主义Rationalism唯理论（materialistic/idealistic）Empiricism经验论（materialistic/idealistic）Socialcontracttheory社会契约论Geographicaldeterminism地理环境决定论ClassicalGermanphilosophy德国古典哲学Apriorism先天论Thereformation宗教改革运动Enlightenment启蒙运动Frenchmaterialism法国唯物主义Encyclopaedists百科全书派conceptualism概念论Mechanisticmaterialism机械唯物论learnedignorance有学问的无知maximum极大minimum极小utopia乌托邦universalintellect普遍理智idols假相，偶像theoryoffouridols四假相说idolsofthetribe种族假相idolsofthecave洞穴假相idolsofthemarket-place市场假相idolsofthetheatre剧场假相propertyandform性质与形式extension广延firstprinciple第一原理Real/nominalessence实在/名义本质blanktablet白板causality因果性causation因果关系cause原因/effect结果experience经验dogma教条Material/Spiritualsubstance物质/精神实体thinkingsubstance思想实体，思维实体Innateidea天赋观念adventitiousideas外来观念factitiousideas虚幻观念dualismofmindandmatter心物二元论Animalsprits精气，元精，动物精神psycho-physicalinteractionism身心交感论pinealgland松果腺extensivesubstance广延实体thetheoryofsocialcontrast社会契约论Associationofidea观念的联结（休谟）Cartesianists笛卡儿主义者theoryofsubstance实体论theoryofattribute属性论theoryofmode样式论（finite/infinite）psycho-physicalparallelism心物平行论trueidea真观念attribute属性Spinozism斯宾诺莎主义experience经验（external/internal）sensationandreflection感觉与反省abstraction抽象作用abstractidea抽象观念Simple/complexidea简单/复杂观念Immaterialism非物质主义personalidentity人格同一性contiguity接近性（休谟）Divinerightofkings君权神授说schoolofcontinentalRationalism大陆理性派Britishempirists英国经验派Cambridgeplatonism剑桥柏拉图主义Scottishschoolofcommonsense苏格兰常识学派OldHegelians老年黑格尔派YoungHegelians青年黑格尔派RightHegelians黑格尔右派LeftHegelians黑格尔左派Speculativephilosophy思辨哲学Threetables三表法Tableofessence/presence本质表/具有表Tableofabsenceofproximity接近中的缺乏表Tableofdegree/comparison程度表/比较表Relative/finitesubstance相对的或有限的实体Absolute/infinitesubstance绝对的或无限的实体Theoryofcorpuscles微粒说Theoryofvortex漩涡说Cartesianism笛卡儿主义cosmotheism宇宙神论（斯宾诺莎）Infiniteattribute无限的属性Theoryofmodes样态论Mode样态，样式Sensation/reflection感觉/反省External/internalexperience外部/内部经验Abstraction抽象作用Psychicforce心力（莱布尼兹）Smallperception微知觉Principleofcontinuity连续性原则Ideaofsubstance/modes/relations实体/情状/关系观念real/fantasticalideas实在/幻想观念Intuitive/demonstratic/probable直觉/证明/或然知识primary/secondary/thirdquality第一/二/三性质real/nominalessence实在/名义本质innatehumanright天赋人权willofall全体意志monad单子monadology单子论cognition认知Completenotion完满性观念（莱布尼兹）Bestofallpossibleworld可能世界中的最佳者sentiment情感——sentimentalismscienceofhumannature人性科学humannature/humanity人性Per-establishedharmony前定和谐pre-establishedharmony预定和谐truthofreason/fact理性真理与事实真理Divinereason神圣理性theodicy神正论Orderofpossiblecoexistenceandorderofpossibilitieswhichcannotcoexist可共存之物的秩序与不可共存之物的秩序existenceistobeperceived存在就是被感知immaterialism非物质论ideaandnotion观念与意念impressionandideas印象与观念resemblance类似关系contiguityintimeandspace接近关系causalrelation因果关系determinismofgeographicalenvironment地理环境决定论Theoryoftheomnipotenceofeducation教育万能论Apodictic/assertoric必然的/实然的（康德）Appearance现象（康德）manifold杂多Physico-theologicalargument自然神论证明criticalphilosophy批判哲学dogmatism独断论copernicanrevolution哥白尼的革命purereason纯粹理性antinomy二律背反thing-in-itself自在之物，物自体appearance现象practicalreason实践理性goodwill善良意志schein幻相morallaw道德律finalityapartfromanend无目的的合目的性Analytic-synthetic分析-综合Sensibility/understanding/reason感性/知性/理性category范畴command律令reflectivejudgement反思的判断力representation表象Schema图型/schematism图型论，图式论Metaphysicaldeduction形而上学演绎Metaphysicalexposition形而上学阐明Metaphysicsofmorals道德性而上学Metaphysicsofnature自然形而上学transcendentalapperception先验统觉Analogiesofexperience经验的类推architectonic建筑术Autonomy自主性（康德）transcendentalidealism先验唯心主义Kantianism康德主义transcendental先验的transcendent超验的transcendentalaesthetic先验感性论transcendentalanalytic先验分析论Transcendentaldeduction先验演绎Transcendentaldialectic先验辩证论Transcendentalillusion先验幻象Transcendentallogic先验逻辑Transcendentalideal先验的理想Transcendentalparalogism先验谬误推理Transcendentalreflection先验反思Aprioriandsyntheticjudgement先天综合判断taste鉴赏力Thing-for-itself为我之物Apriori先天Aposteriori后天Apriorijudgement先天判断Aposteriorijudgement后天判断analyticjudgement分析判断syntheticaljudgement综合判断Quantityofjudgement/categoryofQuantity判断的量与量的范畴Qualitatyofjudgement/categoryofQualitaty判断的质与质的范畴Relationofjudgement/categoryofrelation判断的关系与关系的范畴Modeofjudgement/categoryofmode判断的样式与样式的范畴Anthropology人本学Absolutereligion绝对宗教Freespirit自由精神Objectivespirit客观精神practicalspirit实践精神theoreticalspirit理论精神Subjectivespirit主观精神Externalization外化objectification对象化Position肯定Negation否定sublation扬弃identicalphilosophy同一哲学initself自我foritself自为absoluteidea绝对理念absolutespirit绝对精神philosophyofmind精神哲学subjective/objectivespirit主/客观精神these-antithese-synthese正-反-合civilsociety市民社会alienation异化dialectic辩证法actuality现实Hegelianism黑格尔主义YoungHegellians青年黑格尔派Naturaltheology自然神学（理性神学）absoluteego（费希特的）绝对自我animatism物活论animism泛灵论，万物有灵论anthropologism人本主义theApostles十二使徒asceticism禁欲主义atomism原子论，原子学说atonement赎罪baptism（基督教）洗礼bourgeoisie资产阶级causationism因果论Christianity基督教clherentism贯通论TheDecalogue摩西十戒deism理神论；自然神论；自然神论（naturalreligion）JudgmentDay上帝的最后审判日，世界的末日Kant’snebularhypothesis康德的星云假说methodofexclusion排除法methodofinduction归纳法nativism先天论，天赋论senseperception感性知觉sentience感觉现象；原始感觉theoryofreflection反映论theoryofrelativity相对论theoryofrepresentation表象论Onnature《论自然》Purification《净化篇》Sophists《智者篇》Phaedo《斐多篇》Parmenides《巴门尼德篇》Republic《国家篇》Onthenatureofthings《物性论》Meditations《沉思集》Bible《圣经》TheApocalypse/Revelations《圣经》中的《启示录》Genesis（《圣经》）（《创世纪》）New-Testament《新约全书》Confessions《忏悔录》Utopia《乌托邦》Neworganon《新工具》Advancementoflearning《学术的进展》Humannature《论人性》Leviathan《利维坦》Twotreatisesofcivilgovernment《政府论》Anessayconcerninghumanunderstanding《人类理解论》Atreatiseconcerningtheprinciplesofhumanknowledge《人类知识原理》Atreatiseofhumannature《人性论》Aninquiryconcerninghumanunderstanding《人类理智研究》Dialoguesconcerningnaturalreligion《自然宗教对话录》Thenaturalhistoryofreligion《宗教的自然史》Enquiriesconcerningtheprinciplesofmorals《道德原理研究》Discourseonmethod《方法谈》Meditationsonfirstphilosophy《第一哲学沉思集》Theprinciplesofphilosophy《哲学原理》Apologyforlearnedignorance《论有学问的无知》TheprinciplesofDescartesphilosophy《笛卡尔哲学原理》Organon《工具论》Enneades《九章集》Theethics《伦理学》Newessaysonhumanunderstanding《人类理智新论》Cityofgod《上帝之城》Theological-politicaltreatise《神学政治论》Essayontheodicy《神正论》Ontheimprovementofunderstanding《知性改进论》Critiqueofpurereason《纯粹理性批判》Critiqueofpracticalreason《实践理性批判》Critiqueofjudgement《判断力批判》