酒店员工必须掌握的消防应知应会知识(1)

酒店员工必须掌握的消防应知应会知识(1) 金陵.金银岛国际大酒店 员工必须掌握的消防应知应会知识 一、发生火灾后如何报警, ,)详细地址 ,)起火物 ,)火势情况 ,)报警人姓名、电话 拨打“6119”、“0”电话，向酒店消控中心或酒店总机报警:“我是×××，×××部门的员工，现在酒店×楼层×处发生火灾，××物质发生燃烧，目前火势较大(或已被扑灭)，有无人员被困，有无人员伤亡我们正在进行扑救和疏散人员，请立即到场扑救，请立即增援。” 二、消防安全四个能力内容和“四懂四会”内容 “四个能力”: 1、检查消除火灾隐患能力 2、扑救初起火灾能力 3、组织疏散逃生能力 4、消防宣传教育能力 source of inexhaustible power and to promote economic and social development. County upper and lower must station in global of height, more deep awareness technology innovation, and talent intelligence of major meaning, zoom talent on development of support role, constantly push city WCB two learn a do learning arrangements specific programme for ensure "two learn a do" learning education made effectiveness, promote global members consciously respected Constitution, and comply with party rules, with XI General Secretary series important speech spirit armed mind, and guide practice, and promoted work, do qualified Communist, according to Communist XX provincial Organization Department issued < on "two learn a do "Learning arrangements of specific programme > of notification (x group pass (2016) 15th,) and Communist XX Municipal Office issued < on in city members in the carried out" learn Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members "learning education implementation programme > of notification (x do (2016) 12th,) spirit, according to distinguish level, and has targeted solution problem of requirements, now on learning arrangements proposed following specific programme. Learning requirements, on all party members to study the party Constitution and party rules and unify the XI series of important speech, General Secretary, speech learning series to deepen understanding of the Constitution Party rules, Constitution Party rules in the deep insight series address the basic spirit and practical requirements. 1. study the party Constitution and party rules read read the statutes of 四懂四会: 四 懂 1、懂得生产过程中的火灾危险性; 2、懂得预防火灾的 措施 《全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观软件质量保证措施下载工地伤害及预防措施下载关于贯彻落实的具体措施 ; 3、懂得扑灭火灾的方法; 4、懂逃生自救。 四 会 1、会报警 2、会扑灭初期火灾 3、会使用各种消防器材 4、会组织人员疏散逃生 , 消防工作方针: 预防为主、防消结合. , 消防工作管理原则: 谁主管、谁负责 , 燃烧的必然条件 可燃物:如木头、棉、纸、汽油、煤油、酒精等。 助燃物:如空气、氧化剂等。 着火源:如热能、电能等。 凡能够引起可燃物质燃烧的热能源 就叫着火源。 三者缺一不可 三、场所内的哪些消防设施: 火灾自动报警系统、自动喷水灭火系统、室内消火栓、灭火器、应急照明灯、疏散指示标志、防火门、防火卷帘。 四、灭火器如何使用和检查 如何使用:站在火势上风方向，与火势保持一定安全距离，拎起灭火器压把，拔出保险销后，对准火焰根部用力按下压把进行喷射。 source of inexhaustible power and to promote economic and social development. County upper and lower must station in global of height, more deep awareness technology innovation, and talent intelligence of major meaning, zoom talent on development of support role, constantly push city WCB two learn a do learning arrangements specific programme for ensure "two learn a do" learning education made effectiveness, promote global members consciously respected Constitution, and comply with party rules, with XI General Secretary series important speech spirit armed mind, and guide practice, and promoted work, do qualified Communist, according to Communist XX provincial Organization Department issued < on "two learn a do "Learning arrangements of specific programme > of notification (x group pass (2016) 15th,) and Communist XX Municipal Office issued < on in city members in the carried out" learn Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members "learning education implementation programme > of notification (x do (2016) 12th,) spirit, according to distinguish level, and has targeted solution problem of requirements, now on learning arrangements proposed following specific programme. Learning requirements, on all party members to study the party Constitution and party rules and unify the XI series of important speech, General Secretary, speech learning series to deepen understanding of the Constitution Party rules, Constitution Party rules in the deep insight series address the basic spirit and practical requirements. 1. study the party Constitution and party rules read read the statutes of 如何检查:1、类型(干粉ABC型)2、压力(指针在中间绿色区域内为正常压力;在红色区域内表示压力不足，需要更换;在黄色区域内表示压力过高) 五、消火栓如何使用 打开消火栓箱，拿出水带和水枪，将水带一端接在消火栓口，另一端接水枪，打开消火栓阀门出水灭火。 六、如何引导人员疏散 1、熟悉本场所疏散路线和安全出口的具体数量和位置(必须掌握) 2、疏散方法:低姿、猫腰、用湿毛巾捂住口鼻，大声呼喊:“着火拉，大家请跟我往这边逃，”边呼喊边做挥手的手势，确保人员快速、安全地进行逃生。如遇火势较大一时无法进行正常疏散逃生时，应到卫生间等地点暂时进行躲避，并在门缝中夹湿毛巾，向门上浇水。减缓烟气进入室内的时间。 七、宾馆、饭店的火灾危险性 (一)火灾荷载大 宾馆、饭店虽然大多采用钢筋混凝土结构或钢结构，但内部存在大量的可燃、易燃装饰材料以及生活用品和办公用具。一旦发生火灾，这些材料燃烧猛烈，塑料制品在燃烧时还会产生有毒气体，给疏散和扑救工作带来很大困难。 (二)火势蔓延迅速 宾馆、饭店的火灾蔓延迅猛的因素很多，其一，没有良好的防火source of inexhaustible power and to promote economic and social development. County upper and lower must station in global of height, more deep awareness technology innovation, and talent intelligence of major meaning, zoom talent on development of support role, constantly push city WCB two learn a do learning arrangements specific programme for ensure "two learn a do" learning education made effectiveness, promote global members consciously respected Constitution, and comply with party rules, with XI General Secretary series important speech spirit armed mind, and guide practice, and promoted work, do qualified Communist, according to Communist XX provincial Organization Department issued < on "two learn a do "Learning arrangements of specific programme > of notification (x group pass (2016) 15th,) and Communist XX Municipal Office issued < on in city members in the carried out" learn Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members "learning education implementation programme > of notification (x do (2016) 12th,) spirit, according to distinguish level, and has targeted solution problem of requirements, now on learning arrangements proposed following specific programme. Learning requirements, on all party members to study the party Constitution and party rules and unify the XI series of important speech, General Secretary, speech learning series to deepen understanding of the Constitution Party rules, Constitution Party rules in the deep insight series address the basic spirit and practical requirements. 1. study the party Constitution and party rules read read the statutes of 分隔和隔阻烟火措施。如低层公共部位由于功能和空间结构的需要，常常以轻质材料进行水平分隔，因而形成大面积着火空间。其二，客房的密闭性很强，起火后不易被及时发现。其三，宾馆、饭店竖井数量多而分布广，且贯穿整座楼房。 (三)人员多，流动性大 宾馆、饭店人员多且较为集中，进出频繁，流动性大，对建筑物内的环境、出口和消防设施等情况不熟悉，有时还存在语言障碍等情况，特别是夜间，容易造成人员重大伤亡。 (四)用火用电多 宾馆、饭店吸烟人多，明火难以控制;厨房、锅炉房等固定的用火部位，液体、气体燃料泄漏或用火不慎，都会引起火灾。检修 施工 文明施工目标施工进度表下载283施工进度表下载施工现场晴雨表下载施工日志模板免费下载 中使用明火和进行电焊、气割等安全措施不落实，易于引起火灾。 (五)扑救难度大 宾馆、饭店多为高层建筑，发生火灾后存在火势蔓延迅速、供水困难、疏散救人和控制火势难等诸多因素，因而扑救难度大。 八、发生火灾后怎样逃生 1. 火场逃生原则及注意事项:在火场逃生中一定要保持沉着冷静， 不要惊慌;要迅速辩明是自己房间的上下左右，哪个方位起火， 正确估计火势发展和蔓延势态，不得盲目采取行动，先要考虑安 全及可行性后，再决定逃生路线，并立即采取行动，以免误入“火 口”;尽量减少所携带物品的体积和重量;逃生、报警、呼救要同 时并进，防止只顾逃生而不顾报警与呼救。 source of inexhaustible power and to promote economic and social development. County upper and lower must station in global of height, more deep awareness technology innovation, and talent intelligence of major meaning, zoom talent on development of support role, constantly push city WCB two learn a do learning arrangements specific programme for ensure "two learn a do" learning education made effectiveness, promote global members consciously respected Constitution, and comply with party rules, with XI General Secretary series important speech spirit armed mind, and guide practice, and promoted work, do qualified Communist, according to Communist XX provincial Organization Department issued < on "two learn a do "Learning arrangements of specific programme > of notification (x group pass (2016) 15th,) and Communist XX Municipal Office issued < on in city members in the carried out" learn Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members "learning education implementation programme > of notification (x do (2016) 12th,) spirit, according to distinguish level, and has targeted solution problem of requirements, now on learning arrangements proposed following specific programme. Learning requirements, on all party members to study the party Constitution and party rules and unify the XI series of important speech, General Secretary, speech learning series to deepen understanding of the Constitution Party rules, Constitution Party rules in the deep insight series address the basic spirit and practical requirements. 1. study the party Constitution and party rules read read the statutes of 2. 如果发现门窗、通道、楼梯已被烟火封住，但还有可能冲出去的 时候，可向头部和身上淋些水，或用湿毛巾、被单将头蒙住， 用 湿毛毯、棉被将身体裹好，冲出险区。 3. 如浓烟太大，人已不能直立行走，则可贴地面或墙根爬行，穿过 险区。当楼梯己被烧塌，邻近通道被堵死时，可通过阳台或窗户 进入另外 的房间，从那里再迅速逃向室内专用消防电梯或室外消 防楼梯。 4. 利用管道逃生 :房间外墙壁上有落水、流水管或避雷针线、供水 管道时，有能力的人，可以利用管道攀援而下逃生，这种方法一 般不适用于妇女、老人和小孩。 5. 利用绳索逃生:如生命受到严重威胁，又无其它自救办法时，可 用绳子或床单撕成条状连接起来，一端紧拴在牢固的门窗格或其 它重物 上，再顺着绳子或布条缓缓滑下;若距地面太高，可下到 无危险楼层时，用脚将所经过的窗户玻璃踢碎，进入后再从那里 下楼。利用疏散通道或避难层逃生。 6. 利用楼梯道走廊逃生:在火灾初期，楼道、走廊没有被大火完全 封住时，把被子、毛毯或褥子用水淋湿裹住身体，用湿毛巾捂住 口鼻，低身冲出受困区。 7. 利用窗户逃生:在火场受困时，大多数人可采用这个办法。利用 窗户逃生的前提条件是火势不大，还没有蔓延到整个单元楼层， 同时是受困在较熟悉的室内的情况下进行的，具体做法是 :将绳 索(无绳索可用床单或窗帘撕成布条代替)一端系于窗户横框(或 室内其他固定构件)上，另一端系于小孩或老人的两腋和腹部，将 其沿窗放至地面或下层的窗口，然后破窗入室从通道疏散，其他 人可沿绳索滑下。 source of inexhaustible power and to promote economic and social development. County upper and lower must station in global of height, more deep awareness technology innovation, and talent intelligence of major meaning, zoom talent on development of support role, constantly push city WCB two learn a do learning arrangements specific programme for ensure "two learn a do" learning education made effectiveness, promote global members consciously respected Constitution, and comply with party rules, with XI General Secretary series important speech spirit armed mind, and guide practice, and promoted work, do qualified Communist, according to Communist XX provincial Organization Department issued < on "two learn a do "Learning arrangements of specific programme > of notification (x group pass (2016) 15th,) and Communist XX Municipal Office issued < on in city members in the carried out" learn Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members "learning education implementation programme > of notification (x do (2016) 12th,) spirit, according to distinguish level, and has targeted solution problem of requirements, now on learning arrangements proposed following specific programme. Learning requirements, on all party members to study the party Constitution and party rules and unify the XI series of important speech, General Secretary, speech learning series to deepen understanding of the Constitution Party rules, Constitution Party rules in the deep insight series address the basic spirit and practical requirements. 1. study the party Constitution and party rules read read the statutes of 8. 利用阳台逃生:在火场中由于火势较大，楼道走廊已被浓烟充满 无法通过时，可利用阳台逃生。紧闭与阳台相通的门窗，站在阳 台上避难，等待消防人员到来。高层单元住宅建筑从第七层开始 每层相邻单元的阳台相互连通，在此类楼层中受困，可拆破阳台 间的分隔物，从阳台进入另一单元，再进入疏散通道逃生。 9. 利用空间逃生:如各种逃生的路线被切断，应退居室内，关闭门 窗;在室内空间较大可利用这个方法，其具体做法是:将室内(卫 生间、厨房都可以，室内有水源最佳)的可燃物清除干净，同时清 除与此室相连室内的可燃物，消除明火对门窗的威胁，然后紧闭 与燃烧区相通的门窗，并用淋湿被子、毛毯封堵防止烟和有毒气 体的进入，等待火势熄灭或消防人员的救援。如果房门已被烈火 封住，千万不要轻易开门，以免引火入室，要向门上多泼些水， 以延长蔓延时间，伺时从窗户伸出一件衣服或大声呼叫，以引起 救援人员注意。同时，可向室外 扔出小东西，在夜晚则可向外打 手电，发出求救信号。 10.利用楼顶平台逃生:如所住房间距楼顶较近，亦可直奔楼顶平台， 向下高声呼叫，耐心等待救援人员到来， 11.如无条件采取上述自救办法，而时间又十分紧迫，烟火威胁严重， 被迫跳楼时，可先向地面抛下一些棉被等物，以增加 缓冲，然后 手扶窗台往下滑，以缩小跳楼高度，并保证双脚首先 落地;但原 则上不要直接下跳，因为那样非死即重残。 12.要发扬互助精神，帮助宾客、老人、小孩、病人优先疏散;对行 动不便者可用被子、毛毯等包扎好，用绳子布条等吊下。 九、火灾发生后的注意事项 , 保持镇定，不要惊慌尖叫。 source of inexhaustible power and to promote economic and social development. County upper and lower must station in global of height, more deep awareness technology innovation, and talent intelligence of major meaning, zoom talent on development of support role, constantly push city WCB two learn a do learning arrangements specific programme for ensure "two learn a do" learning education made effectiveness, promote global members consciously respected Constitution, and comply with party rules, with XI General Secretary series important speech spirit armed mind, and guide practice, and promoted work, do qualified Communist, according to Communist XX provincial Organization Department issued < on "two learn a do "Learning arrangements of specific programme > of notification (x group pass (2016) 15th,) and Communist XX Municipal Office issued < on in city members in the carried out" learn Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members "learning education implementation programme > of notification (x do (2016) 12th,) spirit, according to distinguish level, and has targeted solution problem of requirements, now on learning arrangements proposed following specific programme. Learning requirements, on all party members to study the party Constitution and party rules and unify the XI series of important speech, General Secretary, speech learning series to deepen understanding of the Constitution Party rules, Constitution Party rules in the deep insight series address the basic spirit and practical requirements. 1. study the party Constitution and party rules read read the statutes of , 尽可能采取各种方法迅速报警。 , 尽可能进行扑救，控制火势蔓延。 , 不要留在危险地段。 , 不要回到火灾层拿遗留物品。 , 不要使用电梯。 , 积极开展疏散营救宾客和开展自救。 , 除不得已，不要敲窗跳楼或随意开门开窗。 , 在离开现场时，应随手把经过 的门关上。 , 如被烟笼罩或能见度很低，应附地或匍匐沿线慢慢地爬行或去另一 安全通道，同时注意用湿毛巾包住口、鼻等部位。 , 发现电气或油类起火，不能用水灭火。 , 起火时，如正处在室内，发现烟从门缝隙进来，应先用手在门的上 部试探一下，如感觉很烫，说明门外正燃烧，请不要开门，应采取 措施防止烟雾进入，积极开展自救。 , 疏散要走安全通道，并到着火层或着火点外安全地带集合接受点 名。 source of inexhaustible power and to promote economic and social development. County upper and lower must station in global of height, more deep awareness technology innovation, and talent intelligence of major meaning, zoom talent on development of support role, constantly push city WCB two learn a do learning arrangements specific programme for ensure "two learn a do" learning education made effectiveness, promote global members consciously respected Constitution, and comply with party rules, with XI General Secretary series important speech spirit armed mind, and guide practice, and promoted work, do qualified Communist, according to Communist XX provincial Organization Department issued < on "two learn a do "Learning arrangements of specific programme > of notification (x group pass (2016) 15th,) and Communist XX Municipal Office issued < on in city members in the carried out" learn Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members "learning education implementation programme > of notification (x do (2016) 12th,) spirit, according to distinguish level, and has targeted solution problem of requirements, now on learning arrangements proposed following specific programme. Learning requirements, on all party members to study the party Constitution and party rules and unify the XI series of important speech, General Secretary, speech learning series to deepen understanding of the Constitution Party rules, Constitution Party rules in the deep insight series address the basic spirit and practical requirements. 1. study the party Constitution and party rules read read the statutes of