坐月子吃什么好

坐月子吃什么好 坐月子吃什么好——产后饮食知识总结l产后饮食4大原则 据营养医生推荐，新妈妈产后饮食应以精、杂、稀、软为主要原则。 l精是指量不宜过多 产后过量的饮食除了能让产妇在孕期体重增加的基础上进一步肥胖外，对于产后的恢复并无益处。如果你是母乳喂养婴儿，奶水很多，食量可以比孕期稍增，最多增加1/5的量;如果你的奶量正好够宝宝吃，则与孕期等量亦可;如果你没有奶水或是不准备母乳喂养，食量和非孕期差不多就可以了。 l杂是指食物品种多样化 产后饮食虽有讲究，但忌口不宜过，荤素搭配还是很重要的。进食的品种越丰富，营养越平衡和全面。除了明确对身体无益的，和吃后可能会过敏的食物外，荤素菜的品种应尽量丰富多样。 l稀是指水分要多一些 乳汁的分泌是新妈妈产后水的需要量增加的原因之一，此外，产妇大多出汗较多，体 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 的水分挥发也大于平时。因此，产妇饮食中的水分可以多一点，如多喝汤、牛奶、粥等。 l软是指食物烧煮方式应以细软为主 产妇的饭要煮得软一点，少吃油炸的食物，少吃坚硬的带壳的食物。因新妈妈产后由于体力透支，很多人会有牙齿松动的情况，过硬的食物一方面对牙齿不好，另外一方面也不利于消化吸收。 l传统观念中“对”与“错” l产后宜多喝汤 对。产后应多补充水分。不过，新妈妈大多乳腺管还未完全通畅，不要太急着喝催奶的汤，不然在产后前两三天的涨奶期可能会痛得你直想哭的。你可以喝一点蛋汤、鱼汤等较为清淡的汤，汤不要过咸。 爱心提醒:油汤最好要少喝，汤中的油多了，奶水中的脂肪量也会增加，新生儿的消化功能还不完备，奶中过多的脂肪有可能会使你的宝宝拉肚子。 l产后不能喝水 当然是无稽之谈。一些来自台湾的坐月子公司宣传说产后不能喝水，喝了水会引起内脏下垂等后果，但中西医理论方面都没有任何依据。 l产后应忌生冷 对。从医学的角度来说，产妇由于分娩消耗大量体力，分娩后体内激素水平大大下降，新生儿和胎盘的娩出，都使得产妇代谢降低，体质大多从内热到虚寒。因此，中医主张产后宜温，过于生冷的食物不宜多吃。如冷饮、冷菜、凉拌菜等，从冰箱里拿出的来水果和菜最好温热过再吃。爱心提醒:一些凉拌的菜未经高温消毒，新妈妈产后体质较弱，抵抗力差，容易引起胃肠炎等消化道疾病。一些寒性的水果，如西瓜、梨等不宜多食，对于某些脾胃虚弱者，可能引起拉肚子。当然，在夏季可以少量食用，注意量不宜多。 l产后不能吃蔬菜水果 这个观点是片面的。有些人以产后宜温为由，认为蔬菜大多为凉性的，产后应多吃荤菜、鸡蛋补充体力，不吃或少吃蔬菜。其实，大多蔬菜只要经过适当的烧煮，性味不一定是寒性的。且蔬菜中有大量的维生素，对于新妈妈的精神恢复是大有好处的。蔬菜中的水分和纤维素，水果中的果胶对防止产后便秘也是有利的。所以产后仍应多吃蔬菜，适当地吃水果。在天气炎热的夏天，适量地吃水果还能防止中暑。爱心提醒:对于体质较虚的人来说，宜少吃苦瓜、枸杞菜、萝卜缨、芹菜等过于凉性的的菜肴。 l产后忌吃辛辣温燥食物 对。因为辛辣温燥食物可助内热，而使产妇虚火上升，有可能会出现口舌生疮，大便秘结或痔疮等症状，也可能通过乳汁使婴儿内热加重，因此饮食宜清淡，尤其在产后5,7天之内，应以软饭、蛋汤等为主，不要吃过于油腻和麻辣的食物，例如特大蒜、辣椒、胡椒、茴香、酒、韭菜等辛辣温燥食物和调味香料。 l产后要大补 这种观点是危险的。每个人的体质不同，对营养的需求也不完全相同，适当地补充人体所缺的营养品或是中药是有利于身体的平衡健康的，而不适当或过量的补充反而有害身体。产后如果恶露排出不畅，下腹隐痛的人，可以吃一些红糖，或是益母草煲汤，或是产复康之类的中药。如果没有这类情况，也可不吃，有些体质特别热的产妇，反正可能因吃了这类活血排淤的食物或药物，引起产后出血特别增加或是便秘的情况。 爱心提醒:小心补伤～如果你家中有进补的习惯，想将桂圆、黄芪、党参、当归等补血补气的中药煲入汤中也是可以的，但最好等产后恶露排出后，或颜色不再是鲜红色后再吃，否则可能引起活血，增加产后出血，俗称补伤。因为桂圆中含有抑制子宫收缩的物质，不利于产后子宫的收缩恢复，不利于产后淤血的排出。 l营养小秘诀 l猪肝适合在早上、中午食用。 l鸡蛋蛋黄中的铁质对贫血的产妇有疗效。 l莲藕排骨汤可治疗坐月子期间的贫血症状，莲藕具有缓和神经紧张的作用。 l干贝有稳定情绪作用，可治疗产后忧郁症。 l红萝卜含丰富的维他命A、B、C，是产妇的最佳菜肴。 l猪腰有强化肾脏、促进体内新代谢、恢复子宫机能、治疗腰酸背痛等功效。 l芝麻含钙高，多吃可预防产钙质之流失及便秘。 l猪蹄能补血通乳，可治疗产后缺乳症。 l花生能养血止血，可治疗贫血出血症，其有滋养作用。 l西芹纤维质高，多吃可预防产妇便秘。 l糯米性味甘平，补中益气，而红蟳油饭是一道产妇高贵补品。 l黑豆含有丰富的植物性蛋白质及维他命A、B、C，对脚气浮肿、腹部和身体肌肉松弛者也有改善功效。 l海参是零胆固醇的食品，蛋白质高，适合产后虚弱、消瘦乏力、肾虚水肿及黄疸者食用。 l猪心有强化心脏的功能。 l吻鱼含钙丰富，适合产妇食用。 产后不能吃什么——产后饮食知识总结l忌多吃味精 为了婴儿不出现缺锌症，新妈妈应忌吃过量味精。一般而言，成人吃味精是有益无害的，而婴儿，特别是12周内的婴儿，如果哺乳期间的妈妈在摄入高蛋白饮食的同时，又食用过量味精，则不利。因为味精内的谷氨酸钠就会通过乳汁进入婴儿体内。过量的谷氨酸钠对婴儿，尤其是12周内的婴儿发育有严重影响，它能与婴儿血液中的锌发生特异性的结合，生成不能被机体吸收的谷氨酸，而锌却随尿排出，从而导致婴儿锌的缺乏，这样，婴儿不仅易出现味觉差、厌食，而且还可造成智力减退，生长发育迟缓等不良后果。 l忌急于服用人参 有的新妈妈产后急于服用人参，想补一补身子。其实新妈妈急于用人参补身子是有害无益的。人参含有多种有效成分，这些成分能对人体产生广泛的兴奋作用，其中对人体中枢神经的兴奋作用能导致服用者出现失眠、烦躁、心神不安等不良反应。而刚生完孩子的新妈妈，精力和体力消耗很大，十分需要卧床休息，如果此时服用人参，反而因兴奋难以安睡，影响精力 的恢复。 人参是补元气的药物，促进血液循环，加速血的流动。这对刚刚生完孩子的新妈妈十分不利。因为分娩过程中，内外生殖器的血管多有损伤，服用人参，有可能影响受损血管的自行愈合，造成流血不止，甚至大出血。因此，新妈妈在生完孩子的一个星期之内，不要服用人参，分娩7天以后，新妈妈的伤口已经愈合，此时服点人参，有助于新妈妈的体力恢复。但也不可服用过多。人参属热，会导致新妈妈上火或引起婴儿食热。新妈妈食用多种多样的食物，来补充营养是最好的办法。 l忌过多吃鸡蛋 医学研究表明，分娩后数小时内，最好不要吃鸡蛋。因为在分娩过程中，新妈妈体力消耗大，出汗多，体液不足，消化能力也随之下降。若分娩后立即吃鸡蛋，就难以消化，增加胃肠负担。分娩后数小时内，应吃半流质或流质饮食为宜。在整个产褥期间，根据国家对孕、新妈妈营养 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 规定，每天需要蛋白质100克左右，因此，每天吃鸡蛋3,4个就足够了。过量食用鸡蛋也会，增加肠胃负担，甚至容易引起胃病。 l忌多吃红糖 红糖营养丰富，释放能量快，营养吸收利用率高，具有温补性质。新妈妈分娩后，由于丧失了一些血液，身体虚弱，需要大量快速补充铁、钙、锰、锌等微量元素和蛋白质。红糖还含有“益母草”成分，可以促进子宫收缩，排出产后宫腔内淤血，促使子宫早日复原。新妈妈分娩后，元气大损，体质虚弱，吃些红糖有益气养血、健脾暖胃、驱散风寒、活血化淤的功效。但是，新妈妈切不可因红糖有如此多的益处，就一味多吃，认为越多越好。因为过多饮用红糖水，不仅会损坏新妈妈的牙齿，而且红糖性温，如果新妈妈在夏季过多喝了红糖水，必定加速出汗，使身体更加虚弱，甚至中暑。此外，喝红糖水时应煮开后饮用，不要用开水一冲即用，因为红糖在贮藏、运输等过程中，容易产生细菌，有可能引发疾病。 l忌坚硬粗糙及生冷食物 新妈妈脾胃功能尚未完全恢复，过于寒冻的食物会损伤脾胃影响消化，且生冷之物易致淤血滞留，可引起新妈妈腹痛、产后恶露不绝等。另外，新妈妈尽可能不要吃存放时间较长的剩饭菜。新妈妈也最好不要吃容易引起过敏的食物，如海鲜等，否则容易引起过敏或是细菌感染，会直接影响到接受母乳的宝宝健康。但是，新鲜的水果，不包括在“禁忌”之内。水果，有促进食欲、帮助消化与排泄的作用，不必因“太凉”而不食用。而且一般在室内放置的水果不会凉到刺激新妈妈消化器官而影响健康的程度。 l忌喝大量白开水 一般新妈妈在怀孕末期通常都会有水肿现象，而产后坐月子正是身体恢复的黄金时期，这段时间要让身体积聚的所有水分尽量排出，如果又喝进许多水，将可能不利于身体恢复。如果是剖宫产的妈妈可能需要服一些药物，则仍需饮用适量的水分，但不要一次饮用大量水，而应该分次适量喝。 l忌酸咸食物 酸性的咸味食物容易使水分积聚，而影响身体的水分排除，此外咸味食物中的钠离子更易使血液中的浓稠度增加，而让新陈代谢受到影响，造成血液循环减缓。新妈妈坐月子期间最好避免酸咸的食物。有的新妈妈为了迅速瘦身，喝醋减肥。其实这样做不好。因为新妈妈身体各部位都比较弱，需要有一个恢复过程，在此期间极易受到损伤，酸性食物会损伤牙齿使新妈妈日后留下牙齿易于酸痛的遗患。食醋中含醋酸约3%,4%，若仅作为调味品食用，与牙齿接触的时间很短，不至于在体内引起什么不良作用,还可以促进食欲。所以，醋作为调味品食用，就不必禁忌。过咸的食品有回奶作用，在提倡母乳喂养的今天，新妈妈口味宜偏淡。 l忌食大麦及其制品 大麦及其制品，如大麦芽、麦乳精、麦芽糖等食物有回乳作用，所以产后仍在哺乳期的新妈妈应忌食。 l忌食辛辣燥热之物 产后新妈妈大量失血、出汗加之组织间液也较多地进入血循环，故机体阴津明显不足，而辛辣燥热食物均会伤津耗液，使新妈妈上火，口舌生疮，大便秘结或痔疮发作，而且会通过乳汁使婴儿内热加重。因此新妈妈忌食韭菜、葱、大蒜、辣椒、胡椒、小茴香、酒等。 l忌食油腻食物 由于产后新妈妈胃肠胀力及蠕动均较弱，故过于油腻的食物如肥肉、板油、花生米等应尽量少食以免引起消化不良。同样道理，油炸食物也较难以消化，新妈妈也不应多吃。并且，油炸食物的营养在油炸过程中已经损失很多，比面食及其他食物营养成分要差，多吃并不能给新妈妈增加营养，倒是增加了肠胃负担。新妈妈饮食宜清淡，尤其在产后5,7天之内，应以米粥、软饭、蛋汤、蔬菜等为主，不要吃过于油腻之物，如鸡、猪蹄等。产后5天若胃消化功能正常，可进补鱼、肉、鸡、猪蹄、排骨等食物。每日4,6餐，但不可食过饱或过于油腻。 l忌急吃老母鸡 中国传统新妈妈生完孩子就要吃老母鸡补养，所以多数新妈妈在生完孩子后第一口喝的就是鸡汤。不是说不能吃，而是最好晚几天吃。因为母鸡等发物，吃后容易致胖。 l忌多吃巧克力 有些喜欢吃巧克力的产妇，生完宝贝后也经常会吃这种食品。研究表明，给新生儿喂奶的乳母，如果过多食用巧克力，会对婴儿的生长发育产生不良影响。因为巧克力中所含的可可碱能够进入母乳，通过哺乳被婴儿吸收并蓄积在体内。久而久之，可可碱会损伤婴儿的神经系统和心脏，并使肌肉松弛，排尿量增加，导致婴儿消化不良，睡觉不稳，经常爱哭闹。纠正方法:在哺乳期间偶尔尝一点还可以，但不宜经常食用。 l产后服用鹿茸 鹿茸具有补肾壮阳、益精养血之功效，对于子宫虚冷、不孕等妇科阳虚病症具有较好的作用。因此，很多人认为产后服用鹿茸会有利于产妇身体尽快康复。但产妇在产后容易阴虚亏损、阴血不足、阳气偏旺，如果服用鹿茸会导致阳气更旺，阴气更损，造成血不循经等阴道不规则流血症状。纠错法:产妇不宜服用鹿茸，如果身体虚弱，可以在中医指导下服用一些适宜的药膳或保健品调理体质。 l月子里饮用茶水 虽然茶水也是一种很好的饮料，但月子里的产妇不宜喝茶水。茶水中含有鞣酸，它可以与食物中的铁相结合，影响肠道对铁的吸收，促使产妇发生贫血。而且，茶水越浓鞣酸含量越高，对肠道吸收铁的影响越大。另外，茶叶中含有的咖啡因在饮用后，会刺激大脑兴奋，不容易入睡，影响产妇的睡眠，不利于身体恢复。同时，茶水里的咖啡因还可以通过乳汁进入婴儿体内，使婴儿发生肠痉挛，出现无由啼哭的现象。纠错法:新鲜果汁及清汤对产妇是一种很好的饮料，其中既富含维生素，又富含矿物质，可以促进产妇身体恢复，特别是夏天坐月子。 l过早大量喝汤 分娩后家里人少不了给产妇炖一些营养丰富的汤，如鲫鱼汤、猪蹄汤、排骨汤等，认为这样可以补充营养，促进身体早些康复，还可使奶水多分泌些，使宝贝得到充足的母乳。但如果孩子刚刚落地就让产妇大量喝汤，容易使产妇大量分泌奶水，而刚刚出生的婴儿胃容量小，吸吮力也较差，吃得也少，过多的奶水会淤滞于乳腺导管中，导致乳房发生胀痛。加之产妇的乳头比较娇嫩，容易发生破损，一旦被细菌感染就会引起乳腺感染，乳房出现红、肿、热、痛，甚至化脓，不仅造成产妇痛苦，还会影响正常哺乳。纠错法:产后不宜过早催乳，适宜在分娩1周后逐渐增加喝汤的量，以适应婴儿进食量渐增的需要。即使在1周后也不可无限制地喝汤，正确做法以不引起乳房胀痛为原则。 l给产妇喝浓汤 这里所说的浓汤，是指给产妇做的脂肪含量很高的汤，如猪脚汤、肥鸡汤等，有人认为这样的汤营养丰富，最有补养效果。殊不知，产妇食用过多高脂肪食物，会使奶水中的脂肪含量增加，而这种高脂肪奶水不能让婴儿很好地吸收营养，还容易使他们发生腹泻。同时，产妇摄取过多的高脂肪容易引起身体发胖，使身材难以尽快恢复。纠错法:应该给产妇多喝一些富含蛋白质、维生素、钙、磷、铁、锌等营养素的清汤，如精肉汤、蔬菜汤、蛋花汤、鲜鱼汤等。提醒一点，汤和肉要一同吃，这样才能真正摄取到营养。 l剖腹产术后吃胀气食物 有些产妇刚做完剖腹手术，家人便开始给大量提供牛奶、糖类、黄豆、豆浆、淀粉等食物。这些食物食用后会促使肠道产气，使产妇发生腹胀。剖腹产手术会使肠肌受到刺激，导致肠道功能受抑，肠蠕动减慢，肠腔内有积气，容易在术后产生腹胀。所以，术后过多食用这些食物会更加重腹胀，也不利于伤口愈合。纠错法:不要给产妇进食这些胀气食物，6小时后适宜食用一些排气类食物，如萝卜汤等，以增强肠蠕动，促进排气。待24小时胃肠功能恢 复后，进食流食1天，如蛋汤、米汤等。当产妇排气后，饮食可由流食改为半流食，适宜进食富有营养并易消化的食物，如蛋汤、烂粥、面条、馄饨等，然后依产妇体质把饮食逐渐恢复到正常。 本文转载自:www.joofun.com《妈咪有方》知性妈咪育儿平台 夏天坐月子注意事项 ——坐月子知识总结红糖、鸡蛋加小米是最传统的月子食谱，但这并不意味着每天都吃这几样食物就能满足新妈妈的营养。专家的建议是广泛摄取、合理搭配，尤其注意铁和钙的吸收。 Œ 适当饮用红糖水，补铁、利尿。红糖的铁含量很高，还含有多种微量元素和矿物质，能够促进恶露排出，防治尿失禁。不过，饮用过多会导致新妈妈出汗更多，体内盐分流失。因此不宜饮用时间过长，最多不要超过10天。 •从流食慢慢过度到正常的饮食。产后，消化系统的功能需要一段时间才能恢复，因此，产后几天可以选择一些比较容易消化的食物。可以从粥、面条过渡到稀饭，然后再吃米饭和面食。 ?少食多餐，不可贪吃。因为月子里面新妈妈大部分时间都是躺在床上，因此，每顿饭不宜吃太多，可以饿了再吃。 最好以天然食物为主，不要过多服用营养品。目前，市场上有很多保健食品，有些人认为怀孕和生产的过程让女人大伤元气，要多吃些保健品补一补。这种想法是不对的，月子里应该以天然绿色的食物为主，尽量少食用或不使用人工合成的各种补品。还可以选择食用一些专为孕产妇 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 的妈妈奶粉、多种维生素或钙片，因为月子里的妈妈，尤其是进行母乳喂养的妈妈需要补充更多的钙、铁、维生素和矿物质。 要多喝一些温的白开水，避免冷饮。饮料和酒精类饮品不适合月子里的新妈妈饮用，应该多喝一些温热的白开水，补充大量出汗时体内丢失的水分。千万不要因为天气炎热或怕出汗而喝冰水或是大量食用冷饮。 ‘避免辛辣和容易产生胀气的食物。产后容易出现便秘的问题，饮食要丰富、多食用富含植物纤维的蔬菜和水果。饮食不能过于清淡。新妈妈在产后出汗、分泌乳汁需要大量的饮水，这些都会导致体内盐分的流失，因此饭菜里面可以少盐，但绝对不能一点都不放。 ’不要为了恢复身材，而控制饮食的摄取量。对于月子里的妈妈，尤其是进行哺乳的妈妈，应该保证足够热量的摄入，哺乳的妈妈每天应比正常的女性多摄入700卡的热量，所以这个时期绝不能采取节食的手段瘦身。 “保证补钙补铁的食物摄取量。新妈妈因为在孕期和产程中会丢失大量的钙和铁，应该保证每天从食物中摄取足够的钙和铁，每天钙的摄取量应不少于1.1克，铁为20毫克。富含钙 质的食物有骨头汤、海带、牛奶、芝麻等。富含铁的食物有木耳、动物的内脏等。 ”产后两个星期内避免大鱼大肉。在肠胃功能恢复之前，可以将鱼、肉熬成汤食用，两周之后再食用肉类。不够比较油腻的汤也要谨慎食用。 •瓜果如果担心凉可以榨成果汁饮用。不食用生冷的食物。蔬菜可以烫一烫或炒熟，水果可以榨成果汁后，将装有果汁的杯子放入热水里5-10分钟后再饮用。或者是将水果煮成水果茶饮用。 本文转载自:www.joofun.com《妈咪有方》知性妈咪育儿平台 秋天坐月子注意事项——坐月子知识总结Œ秋天坐月子(产褥期)要注意室内温度和湿度 因为白天气温较高，室风的温度也会上升，如果温度在25-26摄氏度，可不必开空调，注意保持室内空气清新就可以了;如果气温高于28摄氏度，就应当轻微开窗通风或短时开空调以便使室温合适。一般，秋天有两个特点:风和燥。刚生产后的妈妈由于身体较虚，应当避免在通风处乘凉，如果室外有风，那么室内通风时应避免过堂风，可以将一个方向的门窗打开，将对面门窗关闭，如果风很大，则有在产妇居住的房间内尽量不要开窗以免受风。 适当的室内湿度不仅可以使妈妈舒适，对于新生宝宝更是重要，由于宝宝的皮肤很娇嫩，干燥的空气会对他造成伤害，适当的湿度对于宝宝的健康非常有益。秋天风多，产妇一旦到室外去，一定要戴顶薄帽，以免受风感冒。 秋天坐月子(产褥期)要注意滋补适宜 秋天不像夏天那么炎热，正是滋补的季节，对于新妈妈来说，秋天坐月子没有了夏季进补的诸多禁忌，但是也并非补得越多越好。秋天除了进补一些鱼汤、鸡汤、猪蹄汤，还应当加入一些滋阴的食物，以对抗秋燥对人体的不利，如梨水、银耳汤等。而补气较重的人参、甲鱼等级应适量食用，不宜过多。国为产后虚弱，许多家人会很注意补血，常用的有大枣、动物肝脏、阿胶等，应当注意，这些补气养血的东西进食过多反而会容易影响产妇的进食，应适当进补，多而无益。 很多产妇产后立即进食大量汤水，但是母乳量仍然不足，很是着急。其实没有特殊情况，母乳会逐步增多，逐渐满足孩子需要，急躁的心情反而会影响下奶。如果母乳不够，可暂时补充奶粉，并且让宝宝定时吸吮乳头，随着时间加长，一定会有母乳。最近遇到几个产后腹泻的病人，腹部不疼，每日便数次，很稀，究其原因是大量进食了含脂肪过多的汤品导致的脂肪泄，氢产后进补不要摄入大量的脂肪。 秋天正是瓜果丰收的季节，水果含有大量的维生素及纤维素，对于产妇体力的恢复和肠道健康皆有益处。但应该注意不要食用过凉的水果，不要空腹吃水果，也不能吃过于酸、短期刺激性过大的水果。更要注意的是不可贪多，每日一次，少量即可。 ?秋天坐月子(产褥期)要注意休息活动两不误 由于秋天温差较大，应该注意及时更换衣服，中午较热的时候可以适当少穿，但仍应穿长裤较薄的衣衫，穿布袜和平跟布鞋。产褥期本来褥汗就多，不要再特意加衣服，以免大量出汗，反而容易感冒，秋天天气虽然已经变凉，但医院时仍偶尔会见到中暑的产妇，原因就是过于保暖导致的，如果本身褥汗很多，就应该说增加食物中的盐含量，以保证体内电解质的平衡。 晚上温度比较低，不要开窗睡觉，并且注意加盖适当厚的被子，以保暖不过热为度，晚上起来喂哺婴儿的时候，不要因为过急而不穿衣服，以防受凉。对于剖宫产和会阴侧切的产妇，因为身体有刀口存在，更应当注意大量出汗而影响刀口的愈合。保持切口处干燥是刀口愈合的重要条件之一。很多产妇生下宝宝后立即问医生，我什么时候可以开始减肥，什么时候可以开始做健康操?其实正常妊娠时，体重增加应当在10-12.5千克左右，这些重量包括妈妈体内水分渚留、羊水、胎儿及胎盘的重量。分娩后，羊水、胎儿及胎盘排出可以减少5-7千克的重量，产褥期通过排汗和小便利又将体内渚留的水分排出，等到产褥期后，体重就基本接近孕前了。但是，相当一部分妈妈在孕期体重增加超标，产后体重仍明显高于孕前，减肥成了许多妈妈的心病。 孕期由于生理变化使得身体韧带松弛，盆底肌张力减低，腹部脂肪增厚，适当的运动对体力的恢复还是很有必要的。顺产的妈妈当天就可以下床活动，第二天就可以进行少量的四肢活动，但动作要缓，运动量要小，要知道活动的限度，首先是在保证休息的情况下适当活动，其次逐渐恢复体力，产褥期过后才能谈到“体能训练”。 产后一周后可能做收缩肛门动作，以得利于盆底肌的恢复，也可少量做恢复腹肌功能的动作。而有会阴侧切的妈妈，因为侧切时将盆底肌肉剪开，虽然产后几天缝线已拆除，但肌肉的愈合尚待时日，所以，收缩肛门恢复盆底功能的训练应在产后6周后再开始，下肢的活动也相应比顺产产妇晚，而且动作幅度不要太大，以免影响了刀口。 剖宫产的主要是腹部有一个刀口，一般肌肉只是被向两侧钝性拉开，并没有被剪断。恢复腹肌力量的仰卧起坐等级最好在产后2-4周进行，量亦要少，不要活动过强。而盆底肌没有受损，可以在产后数月内即可进行相应锻炼。至于体重增加过多的产妇，也没必要过于担心，注意产后进食适量，减少脂肪摄入，随着宝宝及上班后体力活动增加，体重会逐渐恢复，不要急于一时减肥。产褥期不要刻意减肥，适当饮食，保证母乳充足，体重便会自然下降。 本文转载自:www.joofun.com《妈咪有方》知性妈咪育儿平台 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.