【[重点]1】2010年高考复习专题指导[文言文翻译专练]

【[重点]1】2010年高考复习专题指导[文言文翻译专练] 2010年文言文翻译专练 古文今译口诀 古文翻译，有其顺序。首览全篇，掌握大意。 难解句子，则需心细。照顾前文，联系后句。 仔细斟酌，揣摩语气。 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 做到，合情合理。 词句间段，紧密联系。跳跃句子，补出隐意。 加上括号， 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 明增益。人名地名，不必跳译。 人身称谓，掌握惯例。吾余为我，尔汝是你。 常见虚词，没有定意。对待之法，因句而异。 全篇译完，还须仔细。逐句流畅，错字无迹。 改无可改，方可搁笔。 ， 1、《董叔将娶于范氏》:董叔将娶于范氏 :叔向曰“范氏富，盍已乎～”曰:“欲为系援焉。” 他日，董祁愬于范献子曰:“不吾敬也。”献子执而纺于庭之槐。叔向过之，曰:“子盍为我请乎,”叔向曰:“求系，既系矣;求援，既援矣。欲而得之，又何请焉,” this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang [注]?系援:(作为)绳梯攀援(上去)。这里指通过婚姻关系往上爬。 ?董祁:范献子妹妹，嫁给董叔后，改称董祁。?纺:系。 翻译:范家富贵，何不取消这门亲事呢,或:范家富贵，为什么不停止婚事呢, 翻译此句要注意三点:?疑问副词“盍”及固定结构“盍„„乎”。“盍 ”是“何不”的合音。“盍„„乎”应该翻译为“为什么不„„呢,”?实词“已”的意思，“已”，本义是停止。中学语文课本中的用例有:“操蛇之神闻之，惧其不已也，告之于帝”(《列子&S226;汤问》)。“学不可以已”(《劝学》)在这一句中可以译做“停止”或“结束”、“取消”。?谓语动词“已”后省略宾语现象。根据文段语境及文后注解中对“系援”的解释，“已”字后应补出省略的宾语“婚事”、“亲事”。 第(2)小题 “献子执而纺于庭之槐。” 翻译:范献子把董叔抓来绑在庭院中的槐树上。 翻译此句要注意两点:?实词“执”与“纺”的意思。“执”，本义是拘捕、捉拿。语文课本中有:“被执至南”this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang (《梅花岭记》) .在该句中可以译做“抓”。“纺”字的意思在文后注解中已给出。?谓语动词后宾语省略现象。“执 ”与“纺”之后要补出“之”，即“董叔”。 第(3)小题 “欲而得之，又何请焉,” 翻译:(你)想要的(东西)已得到了，还请求什么呢, 翻译此句要注意两点:?对话中主语与宾语省略现象。谓语动词“欲”之前要补出主语“子(你)”，之后要补出宾语“之(东西)”。?宾语前置现象。“又何请焉”即“又请何焉”，疑问句中，疑问代词作宾语常常前置，翻译成现代汉语时应该将宾语移到动词后面。 晋大夫董叔意欲攀附贵亲，结果被晋正卿范宣子之子范献子绑悬于庭中槐树之上，叔向一语双关地嘲讽了他的“欲为系援”。所记不过三言两语，却意趣横生，好似给一心“攀龙附凤”者画了一幅绝妙的漫画，耐人寻味。 2、昔者弥子瑕见爱于卫君。〔1〕卫国之法，窃驾君车者罪至刖。〔2〕既而弥子之母病，人闻，往夜告之，弥子矫驾君车而出。〔3〕君闻之而贤之曰:“孝哉，为母之故而犯刖罪～”与君游果园，弥子食桃而甘，不尽而奉君。君曰:“爱我哉，忘其口而念我～”及弥子色衰而爱弛，〔4〕得罪于君。君曰:“是尝矫驾吾车，又尝食我以其余桃。”this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang 〔5〕故弥子之行未变于初也，前见贤而后获罪者，爱憎之至变也。故有爱于主，则知当而加亲;见憎于主，则罪当而加疏。故谏说之士不可不察爱憎之主而后说之矣。 「注释」〔1〕“弥子瑕”，春秋时卫灵公幸臣。事迹尚见于《左传》定公六年、《韩非子。内储》上、《难》四。〔2〕“刖”，音yuè。古代砍掉脚的酷刑。〔3〕“矫”，假称君命。〔4〕“色衰而爱弛”，容貌衰老，宠爱减弱。〔5〕“食”，音sì，给人吃。 译文:从前弥子瑕被卫国君主宠爱。按照卫国的法律，偷驾君车的人要判断足的罪。不久，弥子瑕的母亲病了，有人知道这件事，就连夜通知他，弥子瑕就诈称主的命令驾着君主的车子出去了。君主听到这件事反而赞美他说:“多孝顺啊，为了母亲的病竟愿犯下断足的惩罚～”弥子瑕和卫君到果园去玩，弥子瑕吃到一个甜桃子，没吃完就献给卫君。卫君说:“真爱我啊，自己不吃却想着我～”等到弥子瑕容色衰退，卫君对他的宠爱也疏淡了，后来得罪了卫君。卫君说:“这个人曾经诈称我的命令驾我的车，还曾经把咬剩下的桃子给我吃。”弥子瑕的德行和当初一样没有改变，以前所以被认为孝顺而后来被治罪的原因，是由于卫君对他的爱憎有了极大的改变。所以说，被君主宠爱时就认为他聪明能干，愈加亲近。被君主憎恶了，就认为他罪有应得，就愈加this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang 疏远。因此，劝谏游说的人，不能不调查君主的爱憎态度之后再游说他。 《劳于读书 逸于作文》译文 3、读书如销铜，聚铜入炉，大鞴扇之，不销不止，极用费力。作文如铸器，铜既已销矣，随模铸器，一冶即成，只要识模，全不费力。所谓劳于读书，逸于作文者也。 注:销——溶化; 鞴(beì):古代皮制的鼓风器。模(mú)。 人们)读书就像熔化铜一样，把铜聚集起来放进火炉里，用大的鼓风器扇火炉，铜没有熔化鼓风器就不停地扇，很费力气。作文好像浇制器皿，铜已熔化，(人们)按照模型浇制器皿，一熔就成功，只要知道模型，根本不费力气。这叫做在读书上多用力，在作文时就轻松。 4、师旷撞晋平公 ?晋平公与群臣饮，饮酣，乃喟然叹曰:“莫乐为人君?～惟其言而莫之违?。”师旷侍坐于前?，援琴撞之。公披衽而避，琴坏于壁?。公曰:“太师谁撞?,”师旷曰:“今者有小人言侧者?，故撞之。”公曰:“寡人也。”师this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang 旷曰:“哑～是非君人者?之言也。”左右请除之?。公曰:“释之，以为寡人戒。” 注:?选自《韩非子》?莫乐为人君——没有比做人君再快乐的了。?莫之违——没有人敢违背他。?师旷侍坐于前——师旷(名乐师)陪坐在前面。?琴坏于壁——琴在壁上撞坏。?太师——师旷。谁撞，即撞谁。?言侧——于侧言。?是非君人者——这不是统治者。?除之——除掉他。 晋平公和臣子们在一起喝酒。酒兴正浓时、他得意地说:“哈哈～没有谁比做国君的更快乐了～他的话没有谁敢违背～”著名音乐师师旷正在旁边陪坐，听了这话，便拿起琴朝他撞去。晋平公连忙收起衣襟躲让。琴在墙壁上撞坏了。晋平公说:“太师，您撞谁呀,” 师旷故意答道:“刚才有个小人在胡说八道，因此我气得要撞他。” 晋平公说:“说话的是我嘛。” 师旷说:“哟～这可不是做国王的人应说的话啊～” 左右臣子认为师旷犯上，都要求惩办他。晋平公说:“放了他吧，我要以此作为鉴戒。” 5、曾子立节 《说苑》刘向原文:曾子衣敝衣以耕。鲁君使人往致封邑焉。曰:“请以此修衣。”曾子不受。反，复往，又不受。使者曰:“先生非求于人，人则献之，奚为不受,”曾子曰:this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang “臣闻之，受人者畏人，予人者骄人，纵君有赐，不我骄也，我能不畏乎,”终不受。孔子闻之，曰:“参之善，足以全其节也。” 译文:曾子穿着很破旧的衣服在耕田，鲁国的国君派人要封给他一块采邑，说:“请用这座城邑(的收入)来为您改善穿戴”曾子坚决不接受。再送来，曾子还是不接受。使者说:“这又不是先生你向人要求的，是别人献给你的，你为什么不受,”曾子说:“我听说，接受别人馈赠的人就会害怕得罪馈赠者;给了人家东西的人，就会对受东西的人显露骄色。那么，就算国君赏赐我的采邑而不对我显露一点骄色，但我能不因此害怕得罪他吗,”最终还是没有接受。孔子知道了这件事，说，“曾参的好品德，是足以保全他的节操的。 6.楚庄忧亡 楚庄王谋事而当，群臣莫能逮，退朝而有忧色。申公巫臣进曰:“君退朝而有忧色，何也,”楚王曰:“吾闻之，诸侯自择师者王，自择友者霸，足己而群臣莫之若者亡。今以不谷之肖而议于朝，且群臣莫能逮，吾国其几于亡矣，吾是以有忧色也。” [注]不谷:古代君王自称的谦词。 this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang 楚庄王谋划一件事情，做得很妥当，群臣没有谁能赶上他，退朝以后，脸上露出忧愁的神色。申公巫臣进前说道:“您在退朝之后面露忧色，这是为什么呢,”楚王回答说:“我听说过这样的话，诸侯能自己选择老师的，就能称王;能自己选择朋友的，就能称霸;自满自足而群臣比不上他的，就会亡国。现在凭我这样没能耐的人，在朝廷上商量大事，群臣就比不上我了，我们国家大概要灭亡了吧，我因此现出了忧愁的神色。” 7.管鲍之交管仲曰:“吾尝为鲍叔谋事而更穷困，鲍叔不以我为愚，知时有利不利也。吾尝三仕三见逐于君，鲍叔不以我为不肖，知我不遭时也。生我者父母，知我者鲍子也。”鲍叔既进管仲，以身下之。天下不多管仲之贤而多鲍叔能知人也。(02年北京卷) 我曾经替鲍叔谋划事情，却使鲍叔更加困窘(或译为“却使事情更加糟糕”)，但鲍叔不认为我愚蠢，他知道时运有好的时候，有不好的时候(“时”译为“运气”“利”译为“顺利”也对)。人们不赞美管仲的贤明却赞美鲍叔能够识别人才(“天下”译为“天下人”“知”译为“了解”也对)。 8.心不在马 this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang 赵襄主学御于王子期，俄而与子期逐，三易马而三后。襄主曰:“子之教我御术未尽也。”对曰:“术已尽，用之则过也。凡御之所贵，马体安于车，人心调于马，而后可以进速致远。今君后则欲逮臣，先则恐逮于臣。而先后心在于臣，何以调于马,此君之所以后也。”(01年上海卷) 赵襄子(晋国国卿)跟王于期学习驾御马车，不久和王于期比赛，三次换马但是三次都落后。赵襄子说:“您没有将您的技术全部教给我。”回答说:“技术是全教了，使用就出错了。凡是驾御所应该重视的，是马的身体与车统一，(驾御的)人心和马协调，这样才可以跑得快跑得远。今天您落在后面的时候想追上我，在我前面的时候怕被我追上。凡是驾着马车抢道比拼，不是先就是后。但是您领先或落后时心里想到的都是我，哪还能和马协调呢,这就是您为什么会落后啊。” 文言文翻译技巧例说 翻译文言文，首先要理解原文的意思，在此基础上，再改用现代汉语表述。 翻译的基本要求是“信”、“达”、“雅”。信，即要准确，尽量忠实于原文，不歪曲，不遗漏;达，即要通顺，符合现代汉语的表达习惯，不生搬硬套，没有语病;雅，即要优美，争取做到遣词用语生动传神，富有韵味。翻译时一this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang 般以直译为主，迫不得已的情况下才用意译。具体 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 可概括为五个字:留、调、换、补、删。 一. 留 对古代专有名词和古今词义相同的普通名词，不必翻译。 例1. 光绪十六年春闰二月甲子，余游巴黎蜡人馆。《观巴黎油画记》 ,译文,光绪十六年闰二月二十四日，我游览了巴黎蜡人馆。 例2. 深谋远虑，行军用兵之道，非及向时之士也。《过秦论》 ,译文,深远的谋略，行军用兵的本事，不及过去的那些将领。 二. 调 调整语序，如使动式、意动式、为动式、特殊动宾关系、互文见义、宾语前置、定语后置等。使之合乎现代汉语语法 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 。 例3. 吾终当有以活汝。《中山狼传》 ,译文,我终究应当想办法让你活下去。 例4. 此悉贞良死节之臣。《出师表》 ,译文,这些都是忠贞、贤良、能为节操而死的臣子。 this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang 例5. 人主之子也，骨肉之亲也，犹不能恃无功之尊，无劳之奉，而守金玉之重，而况人臣乎,《触龙说赵太后》 ,译文,国君的儿子，是他的亲骨肉啊。他们尚且不能靠着没有功劳的尊位和奉禄，而守着贵重的金玉，况且一般人呢, 例6. 自书典所记，未之有也。《张衡传》 ,译文,从有文字记载以来，没有过这样的东西。 例7. 有奇字素无备者，旋刻之。《活板》 ,译文,遇到平素没有准备的冷僻字，就随即刻制。 三. 换 1. 用现代汉语双音词或结构换古文中的单音词。 例8. 疏屈平而信上官大夫。《屈原列传》 ,译文,(怀王)疏远屈原而相信上官大夫。 例9. 然自古图牒，未尝有言者。《雁荡山》 ,译文,但从古以来的地图、文书，都没有记载。 2. 用现代汉语单音词换古文中的单音词。 例10. 村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。《桃花源记》 ,译文,村中听说有这样一个人，都来问讯。 例11. 时墨者东郭先生将北适中山以干仕。《中山狼传》 ,译文,这时，墨家学派东郭先生往北到中山国去求官。 3. 用现代汉语的词语换与今意不同的词语。 例12. 祖父积、子孙弃者，无论焉。《黄生借书说》 this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang ,译文,祖父、父亲积累而被子孙抛弃的，就不用说了。 4. 用本字换通假字，用今字换古字。 例13. 欲信大义于天下。《隆中对》 ,译文,要在天下伸大义。 例14. 将军禽操，宜在今日。《赤壁之战》 ,译文,将军擒曹操，应该在今天。 5. 用适当的词语换古文中的虚数。 例15. 知己知彼，百战不殆。《谋攻》 ,译文,知道自己和敌军的实际情况，打多少次仗也不会失败。 四. 补 1. 名词活用为动词，就应补出相应成分。 例16. 苟入狱，不问罪之有无，必械手足。《狱中杂记》 ,译文,如果被投入狱，不问是否有罪，都要用刑具拘系手脚。 例17. 道不通，天又大风。《赤壁之战》 ,译文,道路不通，天又刮起了大风。 2. 补出省略的成分。 例18. 岁恶不入，( )请卖爵子。《论积贮疏》 ,译文,因为年成不好而没有收入，官吏和百姓出卖爵位和子女。 this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang 例19. 今汝背恩如是，则并父子( )亦无矣。《中山狼传》 ,译文,因现在你竟这样地背弃恩德，就连父子的情分也没有了。 3. 补出量词。 例20. 三顾臣于草庐之中。《出师表》 ,译文,三次到草庐里来访问我。 4. 按照现代分数表示法补出未出现的成分。 例21. 借第令毋斩，而戍死者固十六七。《陈涉世家》 ,译文,即使不被斩首，去边地戍守而死的至少有十分之六七。 五. 删 1. 删去偏义复词中做为陪衬的词。 例22. 便可白公姥，及时相遣归。《孔雀东南飞》 ,译文,你可以告诉婆婆，尽早地把我休回娘家。 2. 删去同义连用的实词或虚词中的一个词，少量的关联词语、结构助词(包括发语词、“之”、“是”等)。 例23. 山有小口，仿佛若有光。《桃花源记》 ,译文,山上有一个小口，里面好像有光亮。 例24. 吾既已言之王矣。《公输》 ,译文,我已经对楚王说过了。 this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang 此外，为保证译文准确，翻译时还要根据上下文语境甚至 其它外围信息(出处、标题、注解)进行推断和印证，译 完后还要将译文与原文仔细核对，以免出错。 this end, Hong Haiquan Nanxun home decided to temporary shelters, but just the Nanxun, Japanese xuanfu class traitors of Nanxun from Divisional Investigation Team, sent to flood home visits. Forced Hong Haiquan to zhenze, temporary residence his father's tea shop. In April, agreed by the Zhuang Shaozhen, Hong Haiquan defected to anti-Japanese base area of southern Jiangsu Province. In October 1940, the KMT brewing for the second wave of anti-communist, Wujiang County political team was withdrawn, replaced by youth team. Zhuang Shaozhen published before the new identity was removed from post of Captain of the County's political team. Communists jindapeng managed to serve as captain of the youth team, County political group of the original officers transferred to the youth team, saved the revolutionary forces. In March or April 1941, jiuguojun entered the Tomb, hunt for Communists. Zhuang Shaozhen into rural activities were arrested. Thanks to Zhuang Shaozhen terrain at night while the enemy unprepared after the wit to get away, to the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu. 2, and CPC Central Committee special section system April 1938, CPC Central Committee special section in Shanghai of intelligence head Xu Qiang, and plateau delegate in second times domestic revolutionary war period joined CPC, and had participate in had Northeast anti-Japanese volunteer, has in Beijing, and Shanghai, to engaged in party of intelligence work of Shandong province Yixian people Li Yu autumn (and name Chen xiantang