大学英语四课后答案

Key to exercises of unit 1 V ocabulary 1. 1) alliance @) at the cost of 3) stroke 4) limp 5) minus 6) regions 7) declarations 8) siege 9) raw 10) bide his time 11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of 2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down 3) is pressing on/ pressed on 4) drag on 5) get by 6) dine out 7) have cut back 8) get through 3. 1) lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future 2) has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock worker’s strike 3) will/ should never get in the way of her career 4) caught the foreign minister off guard 5) of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date/obsolete 4. 1) being faced with the occupation of regions 2) crucial to efficient to reckon with weaken be brought to hault 3) a heroic the decisive turned the tide siege by launching II. 1)during the first world war, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium. 2)And her efforts/ homework paid off. 3)But he turned a deaf ear to all my words. 4)And I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather. III. 1)fall ill 2)lay dead at home for two weeks 3)dropped dead from a heart attack 4)fell asleep 5)marrying young 6)to sit still for longer than a few minutes cloze 1. 1) invasion 2) stand in the way 3) conquest Catching…off his guard 5)launching 6)6) declaration 7)Campaign 8)Drag on 9)Reckon with 10)Bringing… to a halt 2. 1) allow 2) reckoned 3) highly 4) forecasts 5) rapidly 6) instant 7) delivery 8) advantage 9) observing 10) powerful Translation 1.Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm. 2.we must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons. 3.having been out of a job/ now having had a job for 3 months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate. 4.sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgement. 5.since the chemical plant was identified as the source of pollution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs. 2.The offensive had already lastged three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battlation to get around to the rear of the enemy at night and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Lucky enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which made the marchland freeze over, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered. UNIT 2 V ocabulary 1.expansion 2.automated 3.vapor 4.take control of 5.hazards 6.satellite 7.vibrated 8.magnetic 9.bunched 10.i n the air 11.g ot/ was stuck in 12.a pproximately 2. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on 5) starting up 6) wen through 7) fill out 8) fall into 3. 1) incorporates all the latest safety features 2) two trees ten feet apart 3) awarding lucrative contracts to his construction firm 4) the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars 5) are correlated in all racial groups 4. 1) the application has turned into a reality are poised to 2) that vibrate can detect frequency 3) lanes are mounted in alert a hazard II. Kilogram medical care Memorandum electronic mail Gymnasium communications satellite Liberation news broadcast Doctor sky hijack Veterinarian european dollar Preparatory breakfast and lunch Automobile television broadcast Influenza oxford and cambridge III. 1.swimming pool 2.drawing board 3.enriched Middle English 4.disturbing change 5.fully developed prototype 6.canned foods 7.working population 8.puzzling differences cloze 1.computerized 2.start up 3.be poised to 4.alert 5.hazards 6.monotonous 7.take control of 8.steer 9.lane 10.d ecrease 11.c alculate 12.e liminate 13.g etting suck in 14.m ounted 15.d etect 16.v apor 2. 1. generates 2. related 3. revolutionized 4. enabled 5. opportunities 6. overall 7. manufacturing 8. dependent 9. interact 10. fatalities Translation 1.there was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance 2.the expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems. 3.the research shows that atmosperic carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperature. 4.the frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently 5.the diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach 2. Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars make it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams. Unit 3 1.rude 2.physically 3.structure 4.made a difference 5.blurted out 6.chuckling 7.measurable 8.prospective 9.preparations 10.s parkled 11.t ook a crack at 12.p artner 2. 1. go after 2. look back on/at 3. be put up 4. stood for 5. build in 6. follow up 7. be hooked up to 8. closed up 3. 1. grilled her about where she had been all night 2. beyond Cinderella’s wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the King’s palace 3. will be in readers’ hands soon 4. do your homework before going on an interview 5. was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars 4. 1. applicants veteran the prospective 2. from his standpoint has made every endeavor to go after 3. as the saying goes to have a crack at barely II. 1. behave 2. keep 3. clean 4. get along 5. perform/ complete 6. perform/ complete 7. study 8. be enough 9. be acceptable III. 1.There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. Ok, I’ll talk about myself first. 2.thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have something here for you. 3.now, why is this an advantage? 4.now, how to maximize 5.incidentally, those pictures you sent cloze 1. Prospective 2) as I see it 3) done your homework 4) beforehand 5) endeavor 6) structure 7) partners 8) Respond 9) take a crack 10) from the standpoint 11) make a difference 12) follow up 2. 1) encouraging 2) inquiry 3) relevant 4) samples 5) references 6) advice 7) preparing 8) seriously 9) probably 10) exhibit Translation 1.despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while. 2.grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted out that she had undergone two plastic surgeries. 3.we have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands. 4.if I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drink for a snack. 5.people gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area. 2. Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a difference in his chance of success. I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a year in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don’t have much of a chance of success. UNIT 4 V ocabulary_1 1.advantageous 2.let alone 3.witnessing; vanishing 4.landmark 5.entitled 6.displace 7.Establishment 8.patriotic 9.contradictions 10.a spires 11.d ivorced 12.p endulums V ocabulary_2 1.come to 2.dozed off 3.believed in 4.was set apart 5.take in 6.sucks in 7.clean up 8.turn away V ocabulary_3 1.makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus 2.overtaken General Motors as the world’s biggest car maker 3.at odds with his wife over money matters 4.been at the forefront of nanotechnology research 5.let alone cook a meat V ocabulary_4 a.is increasingly; to accelerate; their investment b.economy; make an earnest; domestic; strike a balance between c. a handful of; be endorsed by; on a large scale Word Formation: Abbreviation: WTO; GDP; CPU Full term: computer-aided design; information technology; international direct dialing; music television; International Olympic Committee; very important person Chinese Meaning: 世界贸易组织;国内生产总值;自动出纳机;增值税;信息技术;音乐电视;贵宾/大人物;激光 Usage: 1.An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday 2.The reason (he gave) that he didn’t notice the car till too late was unsatisfactory 3.Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends 4.Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists was simply not going to happen anytime soon. Cloze Academics; networking; a variety of; growth; vanish Facilitate; endorsing; outlook; sweeping aside; patriotic erasing; strike a balance Theme-related: Aided; effects; distances; connected; invested; features; prevailing; qualitatively; volume; Distinguishing Translation: 1.Due to his pessimistic outlook on the European economy, John has moved his assets from Europe to elsewhere. 2.I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work. 3.Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth. 4.Why is it that considerable number of colleagues are at odds with? 5.The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with developing countries. Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving on a large scale to urban areas to look for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study abroad or work in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important. At the same time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy. The internet has strengthened the links between Chinese young people and those elsewhere. They follow the latest trend and copy foreign fashions. Some of them don’t seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish. UNIT 5 V ocabulary 1 1.In a way 2.in accordance with 3.vacancy 4.in good condition 5.transparent 6.rub 7.spicy 8.hitherto 9.with a bad grace 10.i nstinct 11.p awned 12.c urrent V ocabulary 2 1.turned up 2.will stick to 3.brought back 4.go about 5.driving at 6.put away 7.aback V ocabulary 3 1.has a very weak constitution—she may not be able to survive the operation 2.was taken aback by the insurance company’s rejection of my compensation 3.was something of a surprise when we ran into each other in a place like that 4.needs trimming /to be trimmed—it’s getting too long 5.are often deceptive V ocabulary 4 1.oddly enough; went broke; wrinkled; he had gone all to pieces 2.definite; is capable of; her vanity 3.too mild; sipping; stroke Usage 1.Except for 2.except that 3.except 4.except when 5.except to 6.except what 7.except where 8.except that British and American English V ocabulary: AmE: can; candy; faculty; mail; railroad; store BrE: flat; lift; ground floor; petrol; trousers; tube/underground; maize Spelling: AmE: favorable; meter; defense; plow BrE: paralyse; labour; catalogue; leveling; theatre; programme; practice; characterize Cloze: 1.insane 2.current 3.candid 4.capable 5.was taken aback 6.in good condition 7.constitution 8.go all to pieces 9.gone broke 10.v acancy 11.m ild 12.d eceptive Theme-related: 1.suspected 2.pleading 3.confirmed 4.stunned 5.lucrative 6.jewellery 7.wealthy 8.urge 9.spell 10.a rrested Translation: 1.I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because he is something of an adventure. 2.He is capable of sticking to the task at hand, even if he is exposed to noises. 3.The trademark was registered in accordance with the laws hitherto in force 4.Oddly enough, many people volunteered to help organize the meeting, but only a few turned up 5.The teacher’s affe ctionate words, along with his candid comments, changed the way Mike perceived the society and himself For my part, I find that appearances are all too often deceptive. For instance, you might be wrong if you judged by appearances only people like Edward Hyde Burton. In appearance, he seemed a man all of a piece. He was a tiny little fellow with white hair and mild blue eyes, gentle and candid. Nevertheless, he turned out to be very cruel. He insulted and fooled Lenny who was down and out and made him commit himself to an insane venture. What was still more surprising was that he was completely indifferent to Lenny’s death. Without doubt, Burton was a man with a heart of stone. UNIT6 V ocabulary 1 1.appliances 2.comparative 3.multiply 4.distribution 5.prosperity 6.decorate 7.famine 8.large quantities of /a large quantity of 9.streamline 10.f ax 11.p ointed the way to 12.b ewildered V ocabulary 2 1.eat into 2.cling to 3.stand out/ stood out 4.wears away 5.set about 6.switch off 7.will be turned loose 8.poured in V ocabulary 3 1.is forecast to be below average next year, which at the moment is 4 percent 2.to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile as rescuers were driven out by the heat and flames 3.was urged to divert some of its attention from expanding production and get more involved with issues of market demand 4.can rally eat heavily into your profits when you are selling suits at 900 pounds and dresses at 2000 pounds 5.has toiled endlessly over the exercise machine for the last twenty years in order to keep her body in shape V ocabulary 4 1.reaction to; discontent; provoked 2.Convention; evading tax; the confines of 3.a burden; are always on the go/ seem forever on the go; to cope Confusable words: 1.nervousness 2.tension 3.stress; stress 4.tension 1.honorary 2.Honorable 3.honorable 4.honorary 5.honorable 6.Honorary Usage 1.Dealing with the extinction crisis is no simple matter. Is it sensible, we may ask, to spend large sums of money to save some species—be it an elephant or an orchid—in a nation in which a large proportion of the population is living below the poverty line? 2.This new technology could be used anywhere large numbers of people need to be quickly screened—at airports, train stations, bus terminals or border crossings. However, experts suspect, there is also the risk that people will learn to fool the machine the same way they try to fool polygraph readings by controlling their breath or taking drugs to relax themselves. 3.With a high percentage of marriages ending in divorce, often due to financial difficulties, you would say that money is a big factor in ma king a good marriage. But, believe it or not, it isn’t money that ensures you a happy marriage; it is your philosophy of life that does. 4.Not all the risks on the Internet are sexual, you know. Sites promoting violence are just a click away, and may include instructions for making bombs and other destructive devices. Cloze 1.switch off 2.obliged 3.on the go 4.cope 5.shortage 6.large quantity of 7.pouring in 8.by nature 9.fraction 10.f utile 1.advantage 2.wisely 3.faithfully 4.waking 5.includes 6.schedule 7.sticking 8.priorities 9.set 10.r espect Translation: 1.They are exploring the new frontiers of medical science in an attempt to find remedies for incurable diseases/cures for diseases that are beyond remedy so far 2.Her unique teaching methods apart, Ms Wilson, my math teacher, never tried to cram knowledge into my head 3.The regular weather forecast by the Central TV Station keeps us up with the changes of weather wherever we go on a trip 4.The appalling explosion started a big fire and caused the partial collapse of the building 5.In the modern world, there are ways than ever to waste away time, and all kinds of distractions are eating into our precious time Today we are under constant pressure to work longer hours, to produce more, and to possess more. Lots of people hold the wrong perception that happiness lies in working hard and earning well/good money. Many woman today feel the same stress to work and get ahead and, at the same time, to nurture their offspring and shoulder the burden of domestic responsibilities. Research shows that workaholism tends to distance us from our immediate families. It forces us to toil longer and longer hours, leaving a minute fraction of our time to be physically and emotionally available to our loved ones. Intimacy among family members is doomed to die in the process.