虚拟语气高考真题分析.doc
if上单元我们讲解了虚拟语气在条件句、宾语从句和状语从句中的用法，本
单元我们对虚拟语气的用法做下列补充:
I. if虚拟语气在条件句中的应用
主句和从句的谓语动词的构成如下表:
主从句 if条件句主句 时态
(be与现在事实动词的过去式动词多 would / could / should / might +动词原形 were)相反用
would / could / should / might + have+与过去事实过去分 had+过去分词 相反词
动词的过去式与将来事实 were to+would / could / should / might +动词原形动词原形 相反 should +动词原形
If time went back, I would be in Beijing now. 如:如果时间可以倒回去，我现
在就在北京。
If I had known her address, I would have gone to visit her. 如果我知道她的地址
的话，我就去看她了。
【高考链接】
4. If we the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the
meeting. (2010)陕西卷
A. take B. had taken
C. took D. have taken2. This printer is of good quality. If it break down within the first year,
we would repair it at our expense. (2009)天津卷
A. would B. should
C. could D. might [1-2 BB]
【联想拓展】
1. 时间错综型虚拟条件句
通常情况下，在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词表示的动作在时间上
是一致的。所谓时间错综虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句
指过去，而主句却指的是现在或将来。此时应根据具体的语境，主句和从句采用
不同的形式。如:
If I were you, I would have taken his advice. 如果我是你，我就会接受他的建议If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now.了。如果当初你听了医
生的话，身体现在就好了。
2. if虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装
werehadshouldif当条件从句的谓语动词含有，或时，可将连词省去，而将
were, had, should提到主语的前面，把句子改为倒装句。如:
Were I you, I would stay. , 倘若我是你那我就留下。
Should he fail, he would try again. , 万一失败了他会再试一试的。
【高考链接】
3. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and
energy . (2010)浙江卷
A. would have been saved
B. had been saved
C. will be saved D. was saved [A]
3. 含蓄虚拟条件句
without, with, under, but, for, or, 有时假设的情况是通过介词短语等连词
otherwise, but 等，上下文或其它方式表现出来的。如:
Without air, there would be no living things. 如果没有空气，就没有生物。
But for your help, I couldn’t have succeeded. 如果没有你的帮助，我就不会成
功。
【高考链接】
5. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he . (2010)安徽卷
A. was busy B. is busy
C. had been busy D. will be busy7. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he a
goal. (2001)上海春
A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
[5-7 ABD]
4. If it were / had been not for…“……”在句型中的虚拟语气。意为要不是。如:
Were it not for music, life would be dull. 要不是音乐，人生会很无聊。
If it had not been for my brother’s help, I would not have finished it. 要不是我哥
/哥弟弟的帮助，我是无法完成的。
II. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气
“”“(should)+在表示建议、命令、要求等动词后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词用
”ask, advise, beg, command, desire, demand, direct, 动词原形。其他的动词还有:
insist, intend, order, propose, prefer, request, require, recommend, suggest, urge等。
如:
He proposed that we (should) postpone the trip. 他建议我们推迟这次旅行。
suggest“”insist“”【特别提醒】当表示暗示、表明，表示坚持说，坚持认为
时，其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。
【高考链接】
8. Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles
to school for safety.
(2010)福建卷
A. not allow B. do not allow
C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow
[A]
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