挖掘机液压油更换方法（Hydraulic oil replacing method for excavator）

挖掘机液压油更换方法（Hydraulic oil replacing method for excavator） 挖掘机液压油更换方法(Hydraulic oil replacing method for excavator) Author: Ma Mingdong The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic tank of an excavator is 1/2 of all the oil used in the hydraulic system of the machine. The remaining 1/2 hydraulic oil is stored in the hydraulic pump, motor, and multiway valve, Hydraulic cylinder and each part of the pipeline. In the oil change, if only replace the tank hydraulic oil, instead of the hydraulic system of the entire vehicle hydraulic oil all replaced, This method is only "old oil" groove against the new oil. If the two brands of hydraulic oil groove together, it will cause oil deterioration. For example, a Sumitomo HS220 / excavator, the hydraulic system of the whole car hydraulic oil for 420L, while the hydraulic tank hydraulic oil is 225L, The remaining oil is stored in the system. Various brands of excavators, the whole car hydraulic system, oil and fuel tank volume ratio, which is consistent. 1 prepare the hydraulic oil when changing (1) when an excavator changes hydraulic oil, the following preparations should be made: to buy the oil used in the hydraulic system of the whole vehicle. (2 of the volume of a hydraulic tank. 5 times), Filter, wash oil, 3 kilograms of flour, rope, closed hydraulic oil pipe oil plug (prepared by tubing oil on excavator) a steam pump and the size of the empty drum etc.. Prepare a normal excavator. Lift the boom of the excavator to the highest point. The bucket and bucket will be extinguished after receiving the inside point, The cylinder rod of the bucket and bucket cylinders all reach the apex. As shown in figure 1. (2) the cleaning of the hydraulic tank: all the hydraulic oil in the tank is released, the hydraulic filter is withdrawn, and the pipeline between the pump and the tank is disassembled from the interface of the pump, Release the oil in the pipeline. The hydraulic oil tank and pipeline flushing oil. With the medical gauze to wipe the inside of the hydraulic oil tank. The flour kneading to stretch into three degree surface, Apply the dough to the inside of the hydraulic tank three times, especially at the corners of the tank and the cartridge. The hydraulic tank and filter cartridge must be thoroughly cleaned. Replace the new hydraulic filter, Upper cover plate. (3) the flushing of hydraulic piston pump: every hydraulic ram pump in the excavator has flushing oil port (drain port). Unscrew the upper oil drain and release the hydraulic oil in the pump housing, Screw pump the oil plug, filled with oil from the pump oil on the mouth to the pump shell, then unscrew the pump the oil plug off the pump shell wash oil, repeatedly washed several times, Finally, use the steam pump to blow off the remaining oil in the pump casing, then fill the clean hydraulic oil and tighten the oil block. (4) replace the pump inlet seal ring (O ring), connect the hydraulic tank to the oil supply line of the pump, connect it well, from the hydraulic filter oil port (put the replacement filter core) Fill the hydraulic tank with clean hydraulic fluid. 2 using new oil to remove old oil oil change method (1) change the hydraulic oil in the boom cylinder: pull the excavator boom with a spare rope with the spare excavator (the boom of the excavator that is ready to change the oil to the highest point) Take apart the tubing in the left arm of the 2 arm cylinders, and use the spare empty oil drums to catch the released hydraulic oil, and pay attention to environmental protection and prevent environmental pollution. Connect the disassembled manifold valve to the boom The oil pipe is placed in the spare empty oil drum and the engine is started, At this time, the hydraulic oil flowing from the manifold valve to the boom tubing is the old hydraulic oil in the manifold valve, and the oil change officer pays attention to the change of the color of the oil, When the new hydraulic oil is released, the engine is stopped immediately. Connect the broken line, release the rope, start the engine, and move the arm up and down again and again, Until the boom cylinder is filled with oil. Only do this single action. Pay attention to the liquid level change in the hydraulic tank, add the missing hydraulic oil in time. (2) the hydraulic oil in the bucket cylinder is changed: when the boom is raised to the highest point (only allowed to do this single action), the engine is stopped (at this time, all the rod and cylinder are extended), The oil pipe with the rod cavity is disassembled from the multi way valve and the bucket rod is provided, and the oil in the pipeline is discharged, and the pipeline is re connected. The back arm, the back bucket, the cylinder, the rodless tubing, Oil block to block the opening of the multi-channel valve and bucket rod cylinder rodless tubing. Prepare the hydraulic oil released from the bucket cylinder cylinder with the spare oil drum. Start the engine and retract the bucket, cylinder and piston rod, (as shown in Figure 2, the bucket is indented in the cylinder.) the engine stalled. After connecting the tubing that has been opened, start the engine again, and extend the boom, cylinder, and piston rod several times, When the bucket is placed at the angle of the vertical ground, the engine is turned off and the oil is changed. (3) hydraulic oil change in bucket cylinder: driven arm, back bucket cylinder, no rod cavity tubing, oil block to seal the broken manifold valve and bucket cylinder hose. Use the empty oil drum to catch the broken oil port on the small arm cylinder. After starting the engine, do the bucket action. (as shown in Figure 3, the cylinder piston rod is all retracted into the cylinder), this kind of single action can only be done. The new hydraulic oil enters the bucket cavity of the bucket, and the piston rod retracts back, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the bucket cylinder is all discharged into the empty oil drum. The engine turns off and the tubing is disconnected. Pay attention to the position of level gauge and oil level on the hydraulic tank. (4) replacement of the oil in the rotary motor system: disassemble the manifold valve to remove any one of the 2 tubing in the rotary motor. Block the oil outlet of the multiway valve and the rotary motor by oil blocking. Connect the spare cylinder to the open oil port of the rotary motor, start the engine, and operate the excavator slowly. If it turns in a certain direction, The oil pipe on the motor does not run out of oil and has to be turned in another direction until the oil runs out correctly. At the same time pay attention to check out the flow of oil color changes, Shut down the engine immediately after the new hydraulic oil is released. Connect the broken motor oil pipe and change the oil. (5) the replacement of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system of the motor of the left and right sides: the moving track of the side of the excavator is supported by the movable arm of the excavator, (as shown in Figure 4) and remove the side cover of the walking motor from the inside. Remove any oil pipe in the 2 inlet and outlet pipe of the running motor and block the broken oil inlet pipe by oil blocking, The spare empty oil drum is connected to the oil outlet of the running motor, the engine is started, and the running control valve which is supported by the side is started, and the track starts to rotate until the oil outlet of the running motor is flowed out of the new oil, Turn off the engine immediately, Connect the broken tubing and use the same method, Replace the running motor on the other side and the hydraulic oil in the system. Use this method to replace the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system of the walking motor, Be careful not to make any mistake. If you mistakenly turn the track on the side without raising the side, the old hydraulic fluid in the side motor system will flow back into the hydraulic tank. 3 oil change precautions (1) fuel tank, hydraulic piston pump, boom cylinder, bucket rod cylinder, bucket cylinder, rotary motor and left and right walk motor, the process of replacing oil can not be changed. Different project, Can only manipulate the corresponding parts, so that the action, to avoid if there is an error in operation. (2) the quality requirements of hydraulic oil: the service life of the excavator is directly related to the quality of the hydraulic oil. It is necessary to select the hydraulic oil which is certified by the quality standard of the American engineers association, The viscosity index of this kind of hydraulic oil is stable at 40 degrees ~100 degrees C. The same brand of hydraulic oil must be used in the replacement. (3) hydraulic oil viscosity requirements: hydraulic oil has N32HL, N46HL and N68HL and other 3 types of anti-wear hydraulic oil. The excavator whose service life is 1000h hours should use N46HL+N68HL anti-wear hydraulic fluid (50% each). Apply N68HL anti-wear hydraulic oil for excavators over 15000h hours. (4) the service life of hydraulic oil: the service life of hydraulic oil is 4000~6000h hours, or about two years. In the spring and autumn every year, the temperature difference between day and night, After a day's work of the excavator stops at night, the oil in the hydraulic tank is high temperature, the air outside the tank is low temperature, and the hot air in the tank meets the cold air outside the tank, Will be condensed at the top of the tank into water droplets, falling in the hydraulic oil, over time, the hydraulic oil will be mixed with water. It then evolved into acidic material that corroded the metal surface. In the dual action of mechanical operation and pipe pressure shock, metal particles falling off the metal surface will be mixed in the hydraulic oil, and large metal particles will be filtered out, And less than 10 m of particles, hydraulic filter can not be filtered out, the filter does not drop the grinding mixture in hydraulic oil, it will aggravate the metal surface re wear. (5) the choice of hydraulic oil filter: the filter accuracy is 10 m50%, the pressure range is 1, 4~3, 5MPa, the rated flow is 40 ~ 400L/min, the recommended replacement time is 500h. (6) all open tubing must be replaced and sealed. (O ring) when connecting, thread sealant shall be applied to the thread to prevent leakage. Anshan city Kawasaki hydraulic equipment repair company From "construction machinery"