英语专业毕业论文--《德伯家的苔丝》中女主人公的性格分析

英语专业毕业论文--《德伯家的苔丝》中女主人公的性格分析 届 别 2012 届 学 号 7 毕业 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 ,论文, 题目:《德伯家的苔丝》中女主人公的性格 分析 Analysis to the Heroine’s Characters in Tess of the D’Urbervilles 姓 名 系 别 、专 业 外语系、英语专业 导师姓名、职称 完 成 时 间 2011年 12月 1 Analysis to the Heroine’s Characters in Tess of the D’Urbervilles A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Bachelor’s Degree in English Language and Literature By LiNing Undergraduate Program Department of Foreign Languages Xiangnan University Supervisor: Wang Yueke Academic Title: Lecturer Signature______ Approved December2010 2 CONTENTS Abstract in Chinese……………………………………………………………………………? Abstract in English……………………………………………………………………………? 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………. …………………….1 2. The Analysis and the Main Heroes in Tess of D’Urbervilles……….... ……………….……3 2.1The Analysis of Tess……………………………………………………………. ……3 2.2 The Main Heroes in the Novel………………………………………………………..4 3 The Characters of Tess……………………………………………............................................5 3.1 The Character of Purity of Tess………………………………………………………..5 3.11 Purity of Tess in the Tradition Moral Concept…………………………………….5 3.12 The Hypocritiacl Religion…………………………………………………………6 3.2 The Spirit of Revolt of Tess……………………………………………………………..7 4 On the Lack of Consciousness of Tess to Angel…………………...…………………………9 4.1 The Weakness of Tess to Angel…………………………………….………………....9 4.2 The Lack of Consciousness of Tess…………………………………………………..10 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………….11 Bibliography………………………………………………………………………......................12 ABSTRACT Tess of D'Urbervilles was one of the most excellent long novels of Thomas Hardy, the writer, mainly focus on Tess who has lost her chastity with rich and deep spiritual inner world activities in realistic method. The heroin, Tess, is filled with a great many characters, who is an attractive, pure, innocent and smart countryside girl. She was unwilling to give in even though in the most difficult situation and had a great sense to revolt the unfortunate marriage. However, she sacrificed herself against the feudal society for unreasonable and traditional morality conservative which made her the art image of immortality in the world literature. In this paper, the writer mainly illustrate the pure disposition of Tess and celebrated her great rebellion against the unjust treatment after she lost her chastity. Above all the good characters of Tess, she still had weakness. Because of this, she failed to pursue the happiness and lost the right of female in the man's dominated society, also for her lacking of consciousness to Angel's love. Key words: Character; Purity; Revolt; Weakness; Consciousness. 摘要 德伯家的苔丝是托马斯.哈代最著名的长篇小说之一。作者主要描写苔丝以现实主义刻画了失身的苔丝具有丰富的，深邃的精神世界以及内心活动。苔丝是一个迷人，纯洁，天真，富有智慧并且集众多优点于一身的乡村少女。尽管陷入了极端的困境也绝不屈服,对于不幸的婚姻苔丝具有强烈的反抗意识。然而，她为了对不合理的封建社会的反抗和传统道德的保守性牺牲了自己使其成为世界文学不朽的艺术形象。这篇文章作者主要阐述苔丝纯洁的性格并歌颂她对失去贞操后不公平待遇的反抗。根据综上所述的所有优秀性格，她仍有软弱之处，为此，她追求幸福失败，失去在男性主导社会地位中女性的地位，也由于她对安吉尔缺乏自我意识的爱。 关键词:性格;纯洁;反抗;软弱;自我意识 ii 1.Introduction Literature is not only an art but also a mirror of real life. When studying a literature work, scholars actually study history .Nowadays an increasing number of scholars have began to study the history of a country’s economic, political, culture and environment forms from the perspective of literature because through different kinds of literary works , we can see all sorts of feelings such as joy, anger ,sorrow .The feature of literature isvarious, one of which is tragedy. In the tragedy , it is inevitable that the heroes or heroines should suffer a setback or disadvantage ,made themselves in dishonor ,experience hardness. With a bad ending, tragedy often contains a certain philosophy of life. ―Tess of the D’urbervilles ―is one of the Hardy’s tragedies, a masterpiece which brought him into a number of literary critics notice. It reflected the writer’s real society system and morals. So studying this novel can help us to know about the system and concept of that time. There are many different approaches from various ways to analysis the novel.. This essay mainly study the Tess in the light of ecofeminism, which concerns both feminism and ecology principle. First of all , it will review other people’s understanding of the novel Tess of the D’urbervilles.Then it will demonstrates the origination and development as well as the trend it goes. The chapter three will get to the point ,that is apply the theory ecofeminism to the detail .All the analyses of Tess of the D’urbervilles are hoped to enable us to see the relationship between women and nature as well as man. Ecofeminism has been admitted to an important theory of literature, though the term ecofeminism has only been in use for a relatively short time. Therefore, analysising Tess of the D’urbervilles. with ecofeminism approach is comparatively young. Thomas Hardy was the last important novelist of the Victoria ages，which was an age of great change and many difficulties. Victorian novels were full of sensibilities and were tended to be idealized portraits of difficult lives in which hard work, perseverance, love and luck win out in the end; virtue would be rewarded and sinners are suitably punished. They tended to be of an improving nature with a central moral lesson at heart. While this formula was the basis for much of earlier Victorian fiction, the situation became more complex as the century progressed. It was also an age of realism rather than of romanticism. Realism tries to tell the whole truth showing moral and physical diseases as they are .Victorian literature ,in general, truthfully represented the reality and spirit of this age which was the great age of the English novel—realistic, thickly plotted, crowded with characters, and long article. Hardy, who also shown the truth of this age with a high place in Western literature which came from the turbulence of life and deterministic of human being .His tragedies in the history of Western literature were not an accident for the tragedy consciousness. The tragedy consciousness in Hardy’s novels originated from Western traditional tragic spirit which was full of rationalism and profound reflection on the contradictions of human society .And it also revealed an ineluctable and inevitable conditionality of fate. That is to say ,the heroes or heroines would lead to the tragic road of life in the end in Western literature no matter whether they liked or not .Tragedy mostly was their final arrangement. Thomas Hardy’s novels are deeply influenced by Greek tragedies and Shakspearean tragedies .And he was deeply influenced by Schopenhauer’s tragedy consciousness. Schopenhauer was a famous philosopher who believed that life was a tragedy and life was filled with desire .Schopenhauer divided tragedy into three types :the tragedy caused by those who committed heinous crimes, the tragedy led by the irony of fate and the tragedy caused by misunderstanding and distrust between persons in everyday life. He believed that the last tragedy was most terrible one which we can see in Hardy’s works .Hardy began to creating the novels in the early 1870s.In the late 1890s,he turned to write poetry. The Britain in this period was undergoing a transition period from laisser –faire capitalism to imperialism. The capitalism thought that the social system of this period could not be changed .But Hardy’s works exactly clashed with it ,which reflected the tremendous changes of society because of the invasion of industrial capital to the village .He had exposed the mask of British society which can reflect in the novel Tess of the D’ubervilles. Tess of the D’ubervilles came into a conflict with Victorian morality. In this novel, Hardy reaches the height of his achievement as a novelist. Like most other novels, rural life is a prominent issue in the story .And the issue of fate versus freedom of action is another important aspect of this novel. It tells that a village girl called Tess who was very beautiful ,pure, plain ,honest ,but went through a miserable life .She was born in a poor family with much concern to her family .Her father who drank too much and came to understand that the Durbeyfield family could very well be the descendents of a royal family. So her parents sent her to the D’urberville 1 mansion to work and marry a wealthy man .It’s there that she was raped by the Alec, the son of the D’urbervilles and pregnant. She fell in love with Angel Clare before long .Clare loved her very much and longed to marry her but she delayed to answer this offer of marriage just because she did not know how to tell the truth of being raped .Despite this ,finally ,this kindhearted and sincere girl decided to tell him this bad thing .However, when Tess told him the truth that she was raped by Alec .Angle could not forget her for having another man’s child .Therefore ,Angel abandoned Tess. Alec returned into her life as a ―preacher‖. At first ,Tess didn’t accept him for the past evils .After her father’s death unexpectedly, Tess had the burden of the family welfare on her shoulders, soon were evicted from their cottage. She deeply believed that Angel would never come back as Alec said. Tess knew her family would live better by accepting Alec’s wealth and property But to her surprised ,Angel returned from brazil, repenting his harshness, but only to find that Tess living with Alec. Tess killed Alec in desperation. At last she was arrested and hanged. As for Tess of the D’urbervilles, different approaches are available after it published. Gose,Jr,ElliottB, in 1963 for the first time adopt a Darwinism to analysis Tess of the D’urberville in his book Psychic Evolution : Darwinism and Initiation in Tess of the D’urbervilles, He holds that the blood imagery in Tess is mainly due to the ritual initiation. Gose also argues that Tess struggles for psychic evolution , but is forced to revert into retrogressive primitive behavior. According to anthropology, primitive ritual to some extent is that man attempts to control nature. In1966, critic Kettle argues that macrocosmic social and economic forces are the determiners of plot in this novel. Changes brought about by modernization ---the decline of ―haling‖ with the rise of new methods of goods distribution and the movement of the population from rural to urban areas ---bring hardship upon the Durbeyfields and lead Tess to Alec D’urberville. As one of early reviewers of Tess of the D’urbervilles ,Johnson ,Lionel ,British writer and critic ,he complains that Hardy does not make clear who is to blame (nature, god, or society).Johnson objects to Hardy’s tendencies to deny the power of conscience in man ,to underemphasize the weight of human history and civilization and to place man upon the level of other animals’. In his opinion, Tess is equal to an animal with a ―darkling conscience‖, whose unhappiness is the result of a ―vague sense of social misdemeanor, rather from rationality. In 1999,Ellen Rooney studied Tess of the D’urbervilles with a feminist perspective which addresses a few key conflicts in the story. Essentially, Rooney holds that Hardy described Tess as a 2 speaking subject to risk the possibility that she may appear as the subject of desire. According to Rooney, a figure with no potential as a desiring subject can only reinforce the notion of ―Tess the seductress‖ Yet, in various versions, Tess is presented as a seductress .Hardy presented readers mixed messages, show we see her as a willing seductress, or as a victim who must suffer because of her body’s effects on others? Rooney argues that Hardy never comes to a conclusion on this matter, but enables Tess to give over her body , utterly silenced and purified, not by Hardy’s failure to see that she might speak ,but by his unflicting description of the inexorable forces that produce her as the seductive object of the discourses of man[1] 2 The Analysis and the Main Heroes in Tess of D'Urbervilles 2.1 On the Analysis of the Novel This novel is one of the best and most popular works by Hardy. It is a fierce attack on the hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society and the capitalist invasion into the country and destruction on the English peasantry towards the end of the century. Tess grows up in a traditional family with strong sense of womanly virtues. It is shameful for her to recognize the so-called distant relative D’Urbervilles. And she hates the connections with the relative. Under the pressure of her family, Tess reaches his family on one weekend evening, the son of D’Urbervilles, Alec, stained the helpless young girl. Her destiny changes from then on. She has one illegitimate child, and has done baptism for the child, but still losses him. Then she works as a milkmaid, and then she falls in love with Angel Clare, Tess confesses all her past to Angel. On the wedding night, he leaves away. Tess does not have way to go until return to Alec’s side. Because the death of her father, she is the only one to support her family. One day, Angel comes back; Tess kills Alec for her limit of reaching to him. She falls in great desperation. Tess could not escape the criminal punishment; she is caught after a few days. She is hanged in the end. What Hardy entrusts to Tess is that she is insulted, but has women image of having spirit of revolt. She is not a person who set off in the novel, but rules the woman protagonist completely of the whole novel. Of course, naturalistic tendency is also strong in the novel. In a way, Tess seems to be led to her final destruction step by step by Fate. Coincidence adds one "wrong" to another until she is caught up in a 3 dead-end. As Hardy says at the end of the novel:"Justice was done, and the President of the Immortals had ended his sport with Tess." 2.2The Main Heroes in the Novel Tess is intelligent, strikingly attractive and distinguished by her deep moral sensitivity and passionate intensity. After her father got the news from the vicar that her family was the descendant of D'Urbervilles. The poverty of the family forces her to claim kinship with the sham but rich D'Urbervilles. At first, Tess thought that it was shameful to the rich family. Tess was born in a not rich off family, nine members in her family. She was the elder sister, so she had to support the family to her best. However, the only labor in her family, the horse, was dead on the way market. She must be responsible for the accident. So, she couldn't agree more with her parents advice, and her little brother said that her sister would marry a rich man, or a gentle man. In the current situation, Tess hesitated to make decision, at last, she must give in the harsh reality, her poverty. Unfortunately, Tess had no knowledge about the society and had no common sense about the sexual matters. It was too late to realize that she had loss her chastity. The Durbeyfields are the surviving members of the noble and ancient family of the D'Urbervilles. There is aristocracy in Tess's blood, visible in her graceful beauty-yet she is forced to work as a farmhand and milkmaid. When she tries to express her joy by singing lower-class folk ballads at the beginning of the third part of the novel, they do not satisfy her—she seems not quite comfortable with those popular songs. But, on the other hand, her diction, while more polished than her mother’s, is not quite up to the level of Alec’s or Angel’s. She is in between, both socially and culturally. Thus, Tess is a symbol of unclear and unstable notions of class in nineteenth-century Britain, where old family lines retained their earlier glamour, but where cold economic realities made sheer wealth more important than inner nobility. Beyond her social symbolism, Tess represents fallen humanity in a religious sense and biblical allusions in the novel remind us. Just as Tess’s clan was once glorious and powerful. Alec, the young master of the D'Urbervilles, a dandy, seduced Tess and impregnated her. Tess hated Alec very much; she took him as an evil, and the source of her unfortunate. Alec tried to let Tess stay with him and to be his lover. But Tess has a sense of indignity. She was too pure to accept this thing, instead of returning 4 home and later gave birth to a baby, who died soon. Although Alec conquered Tess and possessed her by the mean way, he loved Tess from the beginning to the end. There was a great distance between Alec and Tess. Tess looked down upon the aristocracy, and the dominated social status. She would never accepted Alec, so he was killed by her in the end. Angel, people's opinion forced Tess to leave home to work on a dairy farm. There she met Angel, son of a clergyman. They had the common topic about nature; they also talked about the creatures all the night. Once Angel described Tess as the daughter of the nature. Tess was also merging into Angel's spirit world. 5 3. On the Characters of Tess 3.1 The Character of Purity of Tess 3.11 Purity of Tess against the Tradition Moral Concept Tess's most prominent character was proved by her attitude towards to love. Her sincerity, dedication, firmness, through twists and turns, always reflected the poor woman noble family virtue. But Tess lived in a small village where people's concepts and traditional. They could not accept someone to violate the concept.If some violate, they will disdain her. Angel,husband of Tess,was one of the representatives of traditional moral concepts, being even the main reason that causes Tess's tragedy. He was the main hero in this novel, he did not suffer religious shackle, with no concept of rank, who studied hard, elegant and courteous. Tess deeply fell in love with him, and hatred rough, cunning, idle playboys Alec. Tess loved man's personality not luxury of life, because firm love overweight money. Tess passionately loved Angel and looked on him as God. She was afraid that her dirt past would disgrace his belief deeply. However, for many times, she refused to marry Angel, getting into an extremely painful situation. Sincere love finally made her promise Angel to be his wife. But wisdom played a trick with her that she hardly forgot her past, and the two kinds of emotional conflicts, she put off their wedding date in order to confess her fault, before their wedding, Angel did not give the chance to Tess. She forced to be a pure woman as a girl as before. She cannot help sinking into bitter; she could not be loyalty to her husband. She encouraged herself to tell the truth for a few times, but swallowed back the words. After her failure, she had another try to write a letter to him. Next day, Angel performed normally, she was not sure that he has already received the letter. So she asked help for her mother. Her mother advised Tess not to reveal the secret before their wedding. If she did so, we would not celebrate this pure woman. But Tess was an honest girl, always feel guilt not to tell her past to Alec. In Angel's eyes, Tess is "what a fresh and pure daughter of nature that dairymaid is!" Therefore, she did not listen to her mother, in her wedding night and tell the unfortunate events and hoped to be forgiven by her lover innocently and frankly, Tess brought herself the huge unfortunate. But the selfish Angel left Tess for 6 Brazil. For her unfair treatment, she performed as happy as before she just maintains the dignity and reputation of Angel. He commanded Tess not to write to him, not to keep touch in him, what's worse; Tess should still be loyal to him. Tess endured all this crucial treatment, she dreamed that one day Angel will come back and be her lover again, which because of his traditional moral concepts, he has not forgiven Tess, as Tess did forgiven his dissolute behavior.This show a deep-rooted traditional chastity idea is still in his mind, but Tess forgive him, these prove Tess's spirit for the traditional concepts. 3.12 The Hypocritical Religion influence the purity of Tess thBritain follow Christianity in the 19 century, the religion was a spiritual tool that was used for liberating the people on the surface.This is the British capitalism that on the surface of thriving and prosperous period,the ruler is pround of the history of the Uinted kingdom and "A golden age", advocating the moral hypocrisy.It is the social customs,When people see through its hypocritical side,they will resist it.Alec of the representatives of the bourgeoisie, he has a bourgeois state apparatus, law, and ethics, as a backup. Wealth can rely on the law and not easily bullied and on the playing Tess. Tess and his contradictions, it can also be said that the workers are oppressed and the specific performance of the entire capitalist social contradictions Tess got lost; she lived for Angel's live. Too heavy burden was on her shoulder. She did the hardest work to make a living. When Tess continues to be pestered by Alec, her heart was beating quickly, she expected her husband returning to save her from suffering. She expressed her deep love and severe pain inside to her husband in a letter. She hugged the great hope for her husband. When practice singing folk songs as her husband did, to welcome his back as her best gifts showing her pure love and kindness. After her father's death, she had no source of economic expending. No matter what kind of person Alec was, what kind of method he used, it was Alec who helped Tess, her mother and sisters and brothers lived a stable life. In fact, Alec was a business man in the bourgeoisie society. Tess had no love between Alec, she owed all her misfortune to Alec. However, Tess went back to Alec's side, she was the sacrifice of her family. Tess went on her rebellion against Alec, she would not to be his toy, and lived without dignity. He took advantage of her poverty and lacking of social experience to seduce her again. Rather than endure "lost" of women's social status, never serve for Alec to be his mistress, but seeking in the pain for real love. 7 3.2 The Character of Revolt of Tess Tess of woman protagonist, D’Urbervilles is that one is pure, kindhearted, beautiful, and strong and the rural woman image of Britain with spirit of revolt. ―Don’t go on with it! She cried passionately, as she turned away from him to a stile by the wayside, on which she bent herself. I cannot believe in such sudden things! I feel indignant with you for talking to me like this, when you know--when you know what harm you’ve done me! You, and those like you, take your fill of pleasure on earth by making the life of such as me bitter and black with sorrow, and then it is a fine thing, when you have had enough of that, to think of securing your pleasure in heaven by becoming converted! Out upon such--I donnot believe in you--I hate it!" Tess, it is unfortunate to suffer, but she didn’t want marry Alec, which would save her misfortune by obtaining the marriage. She still wants to pursue the real happiness and marriage. So, she met Clare, fall in love with him, and combine with him. In order to living a happy life with Angel, she tried every means to forget her sad past and treat him sincerely. After Angel knows she was raped by Alec, their relationship is torn apart, and Angel Clare leaves for Brazil, then Tess has finally been forced to marry Alec. She never feels happy in the marriage between her and Alec. That is the unfortunate marriage she has. She would rather bear the shame sign of woman losing virginity, stands enormous social pressure and terrible discrimination, than to violate her own true feelings and spoil her own true love. This proves Tess’s unfortunate fight of marriage. She thinks the losing of the virgin’s chastity does not mean losing the purity of the love. So she again and again asks Angel: ―I thought, Angel, that you loved me--me, my very self! If it is I you do love, O how can it be that you look and speak so? It frightens me! Having begun to love you, I love you forever--in all changes, in all disgraces, because you are yourself. I ask no more. Then how can you, O my own husband, stop loving me?‖ She does not think that love must be equivalent to chastity, but believes that real love should be the idea of abandoning common customs, natural, simple and honest. Though she fails to get understanding from Clare at the beginning when she was ready for the happy marriage that she dreams of, she never give up, still dream for a gleam of hope for the happy marriage. However, finally she could not get rid of the evil force. Before she forgives Angel, she falls into inferior trap of Alec. And when her husband appears in front of her. She killed Alec. She hopes her younger 8 sister can obtain the happy marriage at the younger sister body, and make Angel happy. She leaves happily finally. She has been lived again on younger sister, who get real purity marriage without prejudice and common customs. We can see clearly that she keeps resisting. She, against the unfortunate marriage, all makes enormous efforts and carry on the resistance of justice. But we have to realize that, in such a society and there is a strong backing. The protection of state apparatus and religion system. In addition, there is the spirit of the feudal ethical thought. But her spirit of revolt is worth thinking deeply about. Tess the extraordinary figure and courageous woman to pursue happiness marriage. In a word, Tess has shown a powerful woman image to common people with her unyielding spirit of revolt. She fought against capitalist marriage system, has carried on the strongest revealing and criticism. Her kindhearted enlightenment, noble emotion, strong personality, and her resistance in imbuing all rooted in the hearts of the people forever. 9 4. On the Lack of Consciousness of Tess 4.1 The Weakness of Tess to Angel When Tess realizes her weakness at home, she made a decision after adjustment and vowed never to marry. But when she comes across Angel, Tess falls in love with Angel for the first time. She is certain that he was the man who missed the chance to dance with her. Her heart is connected with the heart of Angel's. She could resist the unjust society and the unfortunate marriage, but she cannot refuse Angel. After several months, Tess exhausted the way to keep his determination, but also hold fluky psychology, after all, it needs great courage to confess the truth, at the same time she makes an adventure that she would loss her love. However, with her instinct and frank determination and more strength to tell the truth. Till their wedding night, under the inspiration of Angel to speak the truth. Angel confesses first and gets her forgiven. Tess blames her weakness for she is the descendant of the depression of the D'Urbervilles. This is mostly against Angel's belief; this was also an excuse to leave Tess. This makes her sink into dilemma again. Tess also struggles, wants to get rid of fate. After the failure, she has to give up the environment; the survival conditions are harsh as the highland. She was struggling just to survive in the days without Angel. The image of Angel just is the position of God in her heart, the most important thing was missing, at one time, she could not know the meaning of life, and she relied on Angel deeply. For her perseverance in a long time, she was alive, after she could not receive letters from Angel, she became vulnerable, and so she could not keep her belief. She became the plaything of Angel. This expressed her emotionally fragile and was easily seduced by others. Women are so complex difficulties; this was Hardy's weakness to the character. We can see that one person's fate must be dominated by himself. One should be strong in mental and physical aspects. 4.2 The Lack of Consciousness of Tess Because of the lack of consciousness of love and exposes on Tess's attitude towards her love. It is the most outstanding performance of Tess. She is attracted by Angel's different facial expression for the first time. The female characters described by Hardy are the symbol of unstable personality. The perfect individual: gentleness docile, plain and intelligent, and represents the author's ideal of the female. 10 Meanwhile, Tess has some other weakness; she is always in the trouble between for love which makes her bitter. She often considers the needs of others, always neglect her own needs. She was shaped the character of lack of conscious and lost herself. At the fringes of society, women struggle to live. From the different side of one character, we can observe more plentiful image. Women were doomed to be the inevitability and social tragedy. The protagonist was full of all virtues, and expressed his desire to women's subjective. Man dominates the female image in their certain society. Also let us see in the 19th century, men will have certain societies dominated the female image. They should have the spirit of sacrifice, tolerance, obedient, and chastity. The whole society led women to self-sacrifice for their husbands and families. The innocent Tess, in complex social baptism lost her chastity, finally caused the tragedy of her life. 11 Conclusion Combined with the features of the realistic society and the characters of Tess in Tess of the D'Urbervilles. The readers pay more attention to her unfortunate disaster. In fact, Tess is the new image of the new coming Century. She sacrifices herself to lead women into an independent spirit world. Women should be independent getting off the control of men. In men's dominated society, women should live with dignity. It is shameful to be the belongs of men. Although Tess, the female protagonist, losses her chastity, she is despised as the guilt of the society. She revolts the harsh reality and the crucial society all by herself. In the current situation, Tess is the only one who can have rebellion against the religion and the bourgeois society. People eulogize her noble qualities, purity, innocence, wise and a strong sense of revolt of her unfortunate marriage. At the same time, express their pitying feelings to her. From the foreign cultures and our native cultures, women live in a very low position. Tess evokes all women to attack on their misfortune. Women should keep the virtue of purity, in order to prove her purity; Tess is in the price of her death. For her refusing Alec's requirement to his side and his love and his seduction with material, wealth and rich life. Women should get the right to live, to get the things they want in appropriate way. If they do not do so, It is necessity to be looked down upon them. It is equal to someone who lives a parasitic life. There is so few women like Tess, she is too loyal to her husband so that she losses the consciousness of her. So Tess obeys Angel's demands and follows him. Angel does not take this seriously, what's worse; he shows no sympathy for her disaster in the past. It is wrong to rely on man too much. Women should take more care of themselves, it is wrong to devote all their energy to husbands. Everyone has his own space, has his own consciousness. For Tess, it is too late to aware this point. Tess is an unique individual in the bourgeois society. The religion and the position are rooted from generation to generation. So in this large environment, Tess plays a weak role to revolt, not only is she an rural girl with any arms, but also she has no support from the society. She is the sacrifice of her revolt and the sacrifice of the harsh society. 12 Bibliography Chenxia.Analysis of the Tragic Mood in “Tess of the D’Urberivilles”[J].Journal of Renmin University of China(social societies),1988,(1):45 Li Jian, Yuanjing. The Reasons of the Tragedy of Tess,J,. Journal of Daqing Teachers’ College, 2005,(1): 107. Thomas Hardy . Tess of the D’Urbervilles [M]. 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