化妆品中重金属含量的测定

化妆品中重金属含量的测定 黑龙江东方学院 本 科 生 毕 业 论 文(设 计) The Determination of Heavy Metals in Cosmetics 化妆品中重金属含量的测定 学生姓名 赵 红 学 号 054131233 专 业 食品科学与工程 班 级 2005,C 指导教师 杨同舟 张寒冰 学 部 食品与环境工程学部 答辩日期 2009年5月24日 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文, 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 , The determination of heavy metals in Cosmetics Abstract Cosmetics impose on the surface of the body, play a role of clean, maintenance, landscaping and removal the bad smell. However, in the course of the production of cosmetics , the raw materials or intermediate inputs can be mixed with a number of restricted substances, in order to understand and master its limit value of the quality of the material, that is to do an analysis of physical and chemical indicators. In this paper, trace elements of arsenic and lead are determined by microwave digestion / inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the cosmetics, the method has the advantages a short time, less consumption of reagents, loss of a small element, accurate measurement, Trace elements of mercury was determined by direct determination of mercury analyzer, the method is simple, sensitive, safe, fast, time-saving. The results are as follows:Hong Kong Monetary olary Cosmetics Co., Ltd. produce Xue Yan lasting whitening liquid foundation, Hong Kong Monetary olary Cosmetics Co., Ltd. produce Xue Yan Whitening Moisturizer，Shenzhen Green Xin Daily Cosmetics Co., Ltd. produce eight glasses of water nutrition moisturizing cream, Johnson & Johnson (China) Co., Ltd. produce Johnson & Johnson baby nourishing moisture: the content of lead were1.244mg/kg、0.042 mg/kg、0.046mg/kg、0.339mg/kg;the content of mercury were 0.1013 mg/kg、0.0974mg/kg、0.0625mg/kg、0.0193mg/kg; the content of arsenic content were 0.345 mg/kg、0.037 mg/kg、0.127 mg/kg、0.036 mg/kg;the three kinds heavy metals in Cream Cosmetics were limited : the lead (lead in total) ? 40mg/kg, mercury ? 1mg/kg, arsenic (arsenic in total) ? 10mg/kg. The results show that the three kinds of heavy metals detected in cosmetics are not exceeded. Keywords: cosmetics ;the content of heavy metal ;Microwave digestion / inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry i 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文,设计, 化妆品中重金属含量的测定 摘 要 化妆品施于人体表面,起到清洁,保养,美化或清除不良气味的作用。但在生产化妆品的过程中,所投入的原料或中间体均可混入一些限用的物质,为了解和掌握其限用物质的质量值,即做某些理化指标的分析。本文中微量元素铅，砷的测定采用微波消解/电感耦合等离子质谱仪的方法测定一些市售化妆品中的微量元素铅，砷的含量，该方法具有时间短，消耗试剂少，元素损失少测定的结果准确率高等优点。微量元素汞的测定采用测汞仪直接测定，该方法具有操作简单，灵敏度高，安全，快速，省时等优点。测定结果如下:香港金欧莱化妆品有限公司生产的雪颜美白持久粉底液，香港金欧莱化妆品有限公司生产的雪颜美白保湿乳液，深圳市绿馨日用化妆品有限公司生产的八杯水营养保湿霜，强生(中国)有限公司生产的强生婴儿保湿滋润霜，铅的含量分别为1.244mg/kg、0.042 mg/kg、0.046 mg/kg、0.339 mg/kg;汞的含量分别为0.1013 mg/kg、0.0974 mg/kg、0.0625 mg/kg、0.0193 mg/kg;砷的含量分别为0.345 mg/kg、0.037 mg/kg、0.127 mg/kg、0.036 mg/kg。铅、砷、汞3种重金属元素在膏霜类化妆品中的限量分别为铅(以铅计)?40 mg/kg，汞?1 mg/kg，砷(以砷计)?10 mg/kg。结果显示四种化妆品中 检测 工程第三方检测合同工程防雷检测合同植筋拉拔检测方案传感器技术课后答案检测机构通用要求培训 的重金属均不超标。 关键词:化妆品 ; 重金属 ; 含量微波消解/电感耦合等离子质谱仪 ii Contents Abstract in English .............................................................................................................. i Abstract in Chinese ............................................................................................................. ii Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The purpose and significance of detection in this paper ............................................. 1 1.2 Common detection methods of cosmetics ................................................................. 2 1.3 The hazards of heavy metals in cosmetics ................................................................. 4 1.3.1 The hazards of mercury and its compounds ......................................................... 4 1.3.2 The hazards of arsenic and its compounds ........................................................... 5 1.3.3 The hazards of lead and its compounds ................................................................ 5Chapter 2 Materials and Methods .................................................................................. 7 2.1 Experimental materials ............................................................................................. 7 2.2 Instruments and reagents ........................................................................................... 7 2.3 Methods and procedures ........................................................................................... 8 2.3.1 Sample pre-treatment.......................................................................................... 8 2.3.2 The determination of lead in cosmetics ............................................................... 8 2.3.3 The determination of arsenic in cosmetics .......................................................... 9 2.3.4 The determination of mercury in cosmetics ........................................................ 9 Chapter 3 Results and Analysis ..................................................................................... 10 3.1 The results and analysis of lead content in four kind of cosmetics .......................... 10 3.2 The results and analysis of mercury content in four kind of cosmetics ..................... 11 3.3 The results and analysis of arsenic content in four kind of cosmetics ....................... 11 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 12 References ......................................................................................................................... 14 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................... 15 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 The purpose and significance of this paper With the development of our society, cosmetics have become people daily life an indispensable element, in order to ensure that there is no harmful because of the use of cosmetics to consumers, many countries have formulated laws and regulations to manage cosmetics. raw materials, finished products of cosmetics to carry out a strict requirement. China's legal system and supervision of the Ministry of Health Division of Health has also formulated a "Hygienic Standard for Cosmetics", provides raw materials and cosmetic hygiene requirements of the final product. Countries implement health monitoring system. Health administrative departments of the State Council in charge of the national health supervision of cosmetic products, local people's governments above the county level health administrative departments in charge of this area of the health supervision of cosmetic [1].products Recent years, China's sustained economic development and people's consumption level's a significant increase in skin-care beauty of daily life has become an indispensable necessity, the function of cosmetics is now gradually modified by the simple beauty to the functional aspects extension, there are many types of cosmetics for special purposes. various brands of sunscreen, speckle reducing, wrinkle reduction phytosome, tender skin whitening and other cosmetic products in the domestic market has emerged. Access to the rapid development of cosmetic industry, the sales increase, the adverse reactions caused by cosmetics from time to time, consumers greatly enhance the safety awareness, hair dye allergy, freckle whitening products are often reported the content of heavy metals are exceeded, in particular in cosmetics banned substances were detected shocked the world, these problems reflect the safety of cosmetic products , due to the existence of these problems, consumers should have a more objective understanding of science Lead, mercury, arsenic is highly toxic accumulation of harmful elements, belonging to banned substances in cosmetics , Them is not permitted to add man-made, but in the course of the production of a number of cosmetics use raw materials itself contains a small amount of lead, mercury, arsenic, in order to achieve the purpose of antibacterial, antimicrobial, and whitening, result in a significant increase of heavy metals in cosmetics, so the national standard for lead, mercury, arsenic and other toxic substances have made clearly regulate, 1 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) [2]cosmetics norms of the National Health will review the provisions of health projects , "Hygienic Standards for Cosmetics" is a national mandatory standards, toxic and harmful elements of its provisions made. Toxic and harmful elements: standards set forth in the [3]mercury , arsenic and lead in the cream cosmetics limited.mercury ? 1mg/kg , arsenic [4][5](arsenic in total) ? 10mg/kg , lead (lead in total) ? 40mg/kg , The three kinds of heavy metal elements which comes mainly from the impact of human activities affected the environment, including soil pollution, river pollution and the introduction of raw materials [6]pollution, lead, arsenic and mercury are harmful to human health, so that their content in cosmetics should be lower. Under the existing standard test of these projects has become a necessity of life, increasing sales volume, product brands, increasing the number of varieties. Cosmetics safety and health are closely related to people’s health , because of heavy metals in the special purpose of being used for cosmetics, but their harm to the human body is well known ,some of the material has a strong toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, what is more on the skin and mucous membrane may cause obvious damage, [7].the heavy metal content in cosmetics is one of the indicators will be detected 1.2 Common detection methods of cosmetics Cosmetics chemical standard test method provides test cosmetics are mainly high-performance liquid chromatography flame atomic absorption spectrometry, atomic fluorescence wet digestion and microwave digestion ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma [8]mass spectrometry, ICP-MS ). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for short also known as high-pressure or high-speed liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography separation or modern column chromatography to liquid as the mobile phase, using high-pressure fluid system, is color spectrum of an important branch of law. It is made of high-pressure pump will have a different polarity, the ratio of a single solvent or a mixture of different solvents, such as the mobile phase buffer with a fixed phase pumped into the column, the injection valve into the sample by the mobile phase with into the column in the column after the separation of the components were, in order to enter the detector test in order to achieve the analysis of samples. This method has become a chemistry,biochemistry, medicine, industry, agriculture, environmental protection, inspection and seizure law in important areas such as the separation and analysis technology, analytical chemistry, biochemistry and environmental chemistry of the essential tools the hands of workers. 2 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) Atomic absorption spectrophotometry, it is a test element from the hollow cathode lamp to emit a certain intensity and spectral characteristics of a certain wavelength of light, when it contains a test element through the ground state of the flame atomic vapor when some of the characteristics of the light spectrum is absorbed, and not absorption of light by the monochromator, the photoelectric detector exposure was detected, according to the characteristics of light absorption spectrum of the extent, it will test measured like elements in the test. Wet digestion atomic fluorescence spectrometry ，it is that high-pressure sealed using PTFE digestion Couplers can sample digestion products will be transferred to digest a good sample of 10mL bottle volume, deionized water volume 10mL, shaken. 1.0mL injection cold vapor atomic fluorescence in the detector response to the bottle, adding 0.2mL10% SnCl, 2 goods Couplers solution SnCl trace mercury has been reduced to mercury vapor, mercury 2 vapor by argon gas into the fluorescence chamber, resulting in fluorescence. Determination of this method time is short digestion, the volatile loss of mercury-free, less interference, lower detection limit for (100ng / L), recovery rate of 95.7% -98.0%, good reproducibility, relative standard deviation of 2.6%. Microwave Digestion Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry,It is nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide pretreatment solution of cosmetics, the role of the electric field in the microwave the next, so that high-speed molecular friction and collisions, microwave energy to thermal energy. Conditions in the heating, due to acid oxidation and increase in activity, making cosmetics in a relatively short time period , so cosmetics lead, arsenic, mercury ion in [9]the state will exist in the test solution. Microwave digestion is a highly effective method of sample handling, it has a fast decomposition of samples with good accuracy and precision, high sensitivity, elements not easily measured, as well as blank and low losses, currently at home and abroad, has been widely used in cosmetics , pharmaceuticals, plastic products such as pre-treatment samples. The method of cosmetic products of lead, arsenic treatment of samples with good results, and a resolution to be detected in a variety of elements in cosmetics, the digestion method is simple, time short, less reagent consumption, high accuracy measurements of the characteristics of an ideal sample preparation is one of the ways, lead, arsenic determination by carrier gas to the sample directly into apparatus, does not require any preconcentration, separation step, direct determination of high sensitivity, small interference. 3 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is based on inductively coupled plasma (ICP) ionization source for mass spectrometry analysis. It has high sensitivity, simple lines, linear dynamic range, can be multi-element detection , At the same time, It is a potential multi-element and isotope ratio analysis, has been widely used in environmental, metallurgical, oil, , medical, semiconductor, and other fields of nuclear materials analysis. ICP-MS from the power source is inductively coupled plasma (ICP), the main is a three-tier, composed of quartz torch casing pipe, tube top around the torch has load coils, the sample from the carrier gas into the plasma torch flame will occurrence of evaporation, decomposition, excitation and ionization, auxiliary gas used to maintain the plasma. Tangent direction of cooling air to the introduction of outer tube, resulting in a spiral flow to the load coil outside the tube wall to be cooled. The most common way is to use sampling or right-angle type concentric pneumatic nebulizer generated aerosols, taken off the set in the carrier gas is injected into flame torch, the sample injection volume of about 1ml/min, by peristaltic pump into the fog of devices. At about 10mm above the load coil, the torch flame temperature of about 8000K, in such a high temperature, the ionization energy of the elements below 7eV fully ionized, the ionization energy below the ionization degree of the elements 10.5ev greater than 20%. As the most important element in ionization energy is [10]lower than 10.5eV, therefore have a very high sensitivity. 1.3 The hazards of heavy metals in cosmetics In modern society, the use of lipstick, skin care, sunscreen, whitening beauty cream, hair dye and other cosmetics is more and more , sustainable use of cosmetics for nearly decades. A significant portion of the above cosmetics (including some of the world's leading brands) contain different levels of heavy metals . These have been detected or have not been detected . the harmful ingredients, the body will absorb some or all of them , at last deposition in the blood or organ cells of the human body, they will be a bomb hidden in the body, may [ 11]endanger the physical health. Let us understand the risks of heavy metals: 1.3.1 The hazards of mercury and its compounds Mercury and its compounds were banned in cosmetic, Them exist as impurities the limit is less than 1mg/kg. However, In view of sulphide of mercury (ethyl mercury thio sodium salicylate) with the purpose of good inhibitory effect, allowing for eye make-up and eye make-up remover products, HgS pigment is generally added to the red lipstick, color cosmetics such as rouge, mercuric chloride used in cosmetics with the purpose of white, 4 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) delicate, mercury ions can interfere with human skin in the process of tyrosine into melanin, are generally added in the whitening, whitening, speckle reducing cosmetics, low prices of [13].these substances, so HgS, mercuric chloride and even the use of modern cosmetics maker Mercury and its compounds can pass through the skin barrier into the body all the organs and tissues, mainly the most damage to the kidneys, followed by the liver and spleen, destruction of enzyme system activity, so that protein coagulation, tissue necrosis, with marked gonadal toxicity, embryo drug and the role of cell genetics. Chronic toxicity of mercury and its compounds as the main clinical manifestations: fatigue, weakness, drowsiness, apathy, emotional instability, headache, dizziness, tremor, as well as hemoglobin and red blood cell, WBC reduction ,liver damage and so on, in addition to sensory peripheral receded, concentric narrowing the field of vision, hearing impairment and the Masonic movement disorders and [12]so on. 1.3.2 The hazards of arsenic and its compounds Arsenic and its compounds in components of cosmetics for the prohibited substances , they are widespread in nature, cosmetic raw material and cosmetics production process, also vulnerable to arsenic contamination, so as the existence of impurities, arsenic in cosmetics [13]for the limits is less than 10mg/kg (arsenic in total) . Arsenic and its compounds are considered carcinogens, long-term use cosmetics with high arsenic can cause dermatitis, skin pigmentation, eventually leading to skin cancer. Arsenic and its compounds as the main clinical manifestations poisoning peripheral neuritis symptoms such as pain in the limbs, difficulty walking, muscle atrophy, brittle hair easy to fall off, skin pigment a high degree of calm, the palm of your hand a high degree of foot plantar keratosis skin, repeat-like hyperplasia, chapped, ulcers enduring, you can change skin of skin cancer and may die from complications. If cosmetics added excessive arsenic poisoning after use, then if the absorption, arsenic can lead to changes in the nervous system, at the same time there are some changes in peripheral nerves, such as limbs rigid body weakness, pain and other symptoms, There may be changes skin on the black, pigments calm. 1.3.3 The hazards of lead and its compounds Lead and its compounds in components of cosmetics for the prohibited substances , as the impurity element content in cosmetics should not exceed 40mg/kg (lead in total) . Lead in cosmetics can increase the skin's white , it is added to whitening, whitening cosmetics. All the biological effect of lead on both toxic. Lead and its compounds absorbed through the skin and harm to human health, mainly affecting the nervous system, kidneys, gastrointestinal 5 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) tract, reproductive function, cardiovascular, immune and endocrine systems, particularly affect fetal health. The main clinical manifestations central nervous system function as a result of disorder arising from neurasthenia syndrome. Acute or subacute encephalopathy. Ataxia. The loss of appetite , metallic taste in the mouth, gingival lead line, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Hematopoietic system in the low hemoglobin, normal red blood cell-cell or small cell anemia, red blood cell stippling appears, the network erythrocytosis. Other diseases are toxic hepatitis, hepatomegaly , jaundice, and kidney damage have also resulted in oliguria , anuria , hemoglobinuria , causing nephritis or renal [14]atrophy, can also cause myocardial injury, congestive heart failure appear . 6 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) Chapter 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Experimental materials Lasting whitening liquid foundation market Xue Yan whitening moisturizer market Eight glasses of water nutrition moisturizing cream market Johnson & Johnson baby nourishing moisturizing cream market 2.2 Instruments and reagents Ultrasonic cleaner data KQ-500DE-type Ultrasonic Instrument Co., Ltd. Kunshan City Shenzhen TF-80 Fume Hood Laboratory Equipment Co., Ltd. US-Ghali MARS-X microwave digestion apparatus CEU U.S. companies DMA-80 mercury analyzer LabTech Ltd. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer ELAN9000 U.S. ICP-MARKS-MS Corporation Standard Stock solution of arsenic concentration 1000μg/ml , media concentration of 10% HCL National Steel Iron Test Center & Steel Research Institute GSB G62028-90 (3302) The use of arsenic standard solution: use 1mL pipet draw reserve arsenic standard solution (1000μg/ml) in 100mL bottle volume. With 3% nitric acid solution diluted to calibration, mixing, the solution concentration of 10μg/ml , 10μg/ml again draw arsenic standard solution 1ml to 100ml bottle volume, with 3% nitric acid solution diluted to the concentration of mixing, solution concentration of 100ng/ml, absorb arsenic 10ml 100ng/mL solution volume to 50ml, this solution concentration of 20ng/mL, back-up. Standard Stock solution of arsenic concentration 1000μg/ml media concentration of 10% HNO National Steel Iron Testing Center & Steel Research Institute GSB G62071-90 3 (8201) The use of lead standard solution: use 1mL pipet draw reserve lead standard solution (1000μg/ml) in 100mL bottle volume. With 3% nitric acid solution diluted to calibration, mixing, the solution concentration of 10μg/ml , 10μg/ml again draw lead standard solution 1ml to 100ml bottle volume, with 3% nitric acid solution diluted to the concentration of mixing, solution concentration of 100ng/ml, absorb lead 10ml100ng/mL solution volume to 50ml, this solution concentration of 20ng/mL, back-up. 7 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) 2.3 Methods and procedures 2.3.1 Sample pre-treatment Accuracy check 0.500g sample of the four samples with electronic balance, each sample in two in the polyethylene digestive tract, and then a blank check for the control nitrification tube experiments, with the pipette gun in 10 the digestive tract by adding accurately 5ml 70% of nitric acid (pure grade gifted) , and digestive tract can digest add to digestion in the microwave digestion instrument 1h 15min , until the completion of digestion and after natural cooling to room temperature remove the digestive tract, digestion in the mouth of the bottle up under the Fume Hood open the digestive tract, the digestive tract of the four samples and a blank tube into the cone-shaped 100ml bottles, with a small amount of deionized water and the tube side wall washing 2-3 times washing liquid will be poured into the cone-shaped bottle , and then tapered Fume Hood five bottles will be placed on the heating plate heated to high temperatures, the sample bottle until steaming to nearly dry, about 1ml around , the cone-shaped bottle is removed from the heating plate cooling to room temperature, then add 25ml 1% of nitric acid dissolved .Fume Hood will be in the digestive tract in the remaining four samples and a blank tube into bottle volume in 200ml , with a small amount of deionized water and pipe wall plug washing 2-3 times, will be poured into the washing liquid bottle volume in deionized water final volume of the sample bottle volume, shake, stand, filter, if the sample appears turbid phenomenon may be a bad digestion, it would take a further 100ml conical check four 200ml bottles and bottle volume filter corresponding sample container until the solution clarified, so as not to plug the equipment. Drawing standard curve, the two standard solutions that accurately bottle volume take 1ml to 100ml bottle volume in deionized water volume, this bottle volume number A (10 ppm), and then remove the accurate solution 1ml in A to another 100ml capacity bottle, deionized water volume, this bottle volume number B (100ppb), then remove accurate 20ml solution in B to another 50ml in deionized water volume, this bottle volume numbered C (40ppb), then accurate remove the solution 10ml in B to another 100ml bottle volume in deionized water volume, this bottle volume number D (10ppb), then plasma mass spectrometry standard solution drawn from low - concentration to high concentration standard curve. Plasma mass spectrometry measurements of samples of various heavy metals. 2.3.2 the determination of lead in cosmetics (1) working conditions Power: 1kw 8 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) Atomization gas flow rate: 0.9L/min Lens voltage: 6.2V Argon: 0.4Mpa (2) The standard curve Test requirements and equipment in accordance with the provisions of the best conditions for equipment set up and adjust the best working state apparatus, rendering the standard curve. (3) sample In the selection of the best conditions, the determination of blank solution and sample solution of lead content, the computer automatically calculated from the curve of the corresponding concentration 2.3.3 Determination of arsenic in cosmetics (1) working conditions Power: 1kw Atomization gas flow rate: 0.9L/min Lens voltage: 6.2V Argon: 0.4Mpa (2) The standard curve Test requirements and equipment in accordance with the provisions of the best conditions for equipment set up and adjust the best working state apparatus, rendering the standard curve. (3) sample In the selection of the best conditions, the determination of blank solution and sample solution in the arsenic content, the computer automatically calculated from the curve of the corresponding concentration. 2.3.4 Determination of mercury in cosmetics This experiment tested mercury use mercury analyzer in direct measurement, put the boat in mercury analyze to 800 moderately high-temperature perturbation bake furnace firing 10-20min, then cooling, accuracy check 0.200g the four samples with the boat in mercury analyzer with the boat can be measured the mercury content of samples. 9 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) Chapter 3 Results and Analysis 3.1 the results and analysis of lead content in four kind of cosmetics Table 3-1 Lead content in four kind of cosmetics samples Lead mg / kg Lasting whitening liquid foundation 1.244 Whitening moisturizer 0.042 Nutrition moisturizing cream 0.046 Baby moisturizing cream moisture 0.339 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 lead(mg/kg)0.4 0.2 0 ABCD sample Note: A,Lasting whitening liquid foundation B,Whitening moisturizer C,Nutrition moisturizing cream D,Baby moisturizing cream moisture Figure 3-1 Lead content in four kind of cosmetics Lead in cosmetics can increase the skin's white , it is added to whitening, whitening cosmetics. Lead and its compounds absorbed through the skin and harm to human health, mainly affecting the nervous system, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, reproductive function, cardiovascular , particularly affect fetal health , We can see from the table, whitening liquid foundation with a high level of lead. According to the standard set forth in the lead element of the limits in cosmetics: Lead (Pb in total) ? 40mg/kg , we can see the lead content of four kinds of cosmetics are not exceeded the national standard , consumers can assured use . 10 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) 3.2 the results and analysis of mercury content in four kind of cosmetics Table 3-2 Mercury content in four kind of cosmetics samples Mercury mg / kg 0(1013 Lasting whitening liquid foundation 0(0974 Whitening moisturizer Nutrition moisturizing cream 0(0625 Baby moisturizing cream moisture 0(0193 0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 mercury(mg/kg) 0.02 0 ABCD sample Note: A,Lasting whitening liquid foundation B,Whitening moisturizer C,Nutrition moisturizing cream D,Baby moisturizing cream moisture Figure 3-2 Mercury content in four kind of cosmetics The mercury ion of cosmetics can be replacement with anion tyrosinase enzyme, lead to the loss of enzyme activity, so that can not generate melanin to the role of rapid whitening [15]beauty cream , therefore, mercury whitening in a short time, from table we can see that the market cosmetics, whitening liquid foundation with a high level of mercury. Provided according to the standard elements of mercury in cosmetics limit: ? 1mg/kg, we can see none of the four cosmetics is exceeded. 11 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) 3.3 the results and analysis of arsenic content in four kind of cosmetics Table 3-3 Arsenic content in four kind of cosmetics samples Arsenic mg / kg 0(345 Lasting whitening liquid foundation 0(037 Whitening moisturizer Nutrition moisturizing cream 0(127 Baby moisturizing cream moisture 0(036 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 arsenic(mg/kg)0.1 0.05 0 ABCD sample Note: A,Lasting whitening liquid foundation B,Whitening moisturizer C,Nutrition moisturizing cream D,Baby moisturizing cream moisture Figure 3-3 Arsenic content in four kind of cosmetics Long-term use cosmetics with high arsenic can cause skin pigmentation , eventually leading to skin cancer . From the table, we can see that the market cosmetics , the same brand of cosmetics in the efficacy of different heavy metal content are very different, different brands of the same efficacy of the cosmetic heavy metal content are also very different, from the table we can see that the market cosmetics whitening liquid foundation with a high level of arsenic , heavy metals mercury in four kinds of cosmetics limited: arsenic (arsenic in total) ? 10mg/kg , we can see heavy metals arsenic in cosmetics are not exceeded . 12 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) Conclusions Microwave digestion with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry determination trace elements the contend of lead , arsenic in cosmetics is feasible and the method is simple, sensitive, reproducible, test results show that the market cosmetics the lead , arsenic concentration do not exceed the national standard., the microwave digestion method of heavy metals in cosmetics is the same digestion solution can be measured a variety of heavy metal elements at the same time, with simple and fast, precision and accuracy, and wide linear range, as well as save reagents, reduction environmental pollution and so on. determination of trace element content of mercury use mercury analyzer direct determination is possible, the method is simple, sensitive, safe, fast, time-saving and so on., lead content in the four types of cosmetics is whitening lasting liquid foundation 1.244ppm, baby moisturizing cream moisture 0.339ppm, moisturizing cream nutrition 0.046ppm, whitening moisturizer 0.042 ppm, mercury content in the four types of cosmetics is whitening lasting liquid foundation 0.1013ppm, whitening moisturizer 0.0974ppm, nutritional moisturizing cream 0.0625ppm, baby moisturizing cream moisture 0.0193ppm ,arsenic content in the four types of cosmetics is whitening lasting liquid foundation 0.345ppm, nutritional moisturizing cream 0.127ppm, whitening moisturizer 0.037ppm, baby moisturizing cream moisture 0.036ppm. the experimental results show that the heavy metals content in four cosmetics are standards and can be assured use. 13 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) References [1] 化妆品卫生规范、中华人民共和国卫生部、2002 [2] 中华人民共和国国家 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 、GB7916-87 [3] GB 7917-1987化妆品卫生化学标准检验力法——汞[S]、中华人民共和国国家标准汇编、北京、 中国标准出版社、1995:141-143 [4] GB 7917-1987化妆品卫生化学标准检验力法——砷[S]、中华人民共和国国家标准汇编、北京、 中国标准出版社、1995:144-148 [5] GB 7917-1987化妆品卫生化学标准检验力法——铅[S]、中华人民共和国国家标准汇编、北京、 中国标准出版社、1995:149-153 [6] 江元汝、生活中的化学—环境与健康[I]、 北京、中国建筑业出版、2004:33- 35. [7] The determination of certain formaldehyde releasers in cosmetic products、The scientific committee on cosmetic products and non -food products intended for consumers [ R] ; adopted by the sccnfp during the 22 plenary meeting of 17 december 2002. [8] 郑星泉，周淑玉，周世伟、化妆品卫生检测手册[M] 北京、化学工业出版社、2003:44-50. [9] 王国玲，姜颖虹，刘文杰等、微波消解一原子荧光光谱法测定化妆品中的铅、化学工业出版社、 2005:35(3):192-193. [10] 李冰，杨红霞.电感耦合等离子体质谱( ICP-MS )技术在地学研究中的应用[J]、地学前缘、2003: 10 (2)、367-378 [11] 化妆品卫生检验、天津、天津大学出版社、1994 [12] 光井武夫主编、新化妆品学.张宝旭译.北京、中国轻工业出版社、1996 [13] 化妆品标准汇编、北京、中国标准出版社、2000 [14] Crailsheim K. Interadult feeding of jelly in honeybee ( Apis melliferaL. ) colonies [J ] . Journal of Comparative Physiology B、1991:161 : 55 - 60. [15 ] Crailsheim K. The flow of jelly within a honeybee colony [ J ] .Journal of Comparative Physiology B、 1992:162 : 681 - 689. 14 黑龙江东方学院本科生毕业论文(设计) Acknowledgements Grateful to my teacher, Zhang Hanbing! In this paper, subjects ,ideas to modify the finalization of data collection, all unite efforts of teachers. Because of the teacher's hard work, I have achieved today! Zhang Hanbing strict teach attitude and meticulous scholarship, and meticulous work style and the cause of positive spirit, I have benefited from the thing. Thanks to the teachings of the teachers, in exchange for my professional knowledge of the system to master! I thank all whose support and help of friends, fellow students! Finally, thanks to the expert and the teachers in review of this article! Thank you! 15