英语状语从句

英语状语从句 高考英语中最常考的八类状语从句 状语从句是高考英语的必考考点，综观近年来各省市状语从句的考题情况，我们发现以 下八类状语从句特别值得关注: 一、in case引导的状语从句 根据语境的不同，in case既可表示“如果”“万一”，引导条件状语从句;也可表示“以防(万 一)”，引导目的状语从句。下面两道真题均选in case: 1. Leave your key with a neighbor ______ you lock yourself out one day. (北京卷) A. ever since B. even if C. soon after D. in case 2. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house ______ there is a power cut. (重庆卷) A. if B. unless C. in case D. so that 【解析】两道题都选in case，均表示“以防万一”。 二、before引导的状语从句 尤其要注意“it+be+一段时间+before„”这一句型。如: 1. The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time ______ we meet them again. (安徽卷) A. after B. before C. since D. when 2. He was told that it would be at least three more months ______ he could recover and return to work. (江西卷) A. when B. before C. since D. that 【解析】两道题均before。第1题涉及的句式为:It will be a long time before„，意 思是“要过很久才会„„”;第2题涉及的句式为:it was some time before„，意思是“在„„ 之前过了一段时间”，通常可转译为“要过一段时间才会„„”。 三、while引导的状语从句 尤其要注意while表示“尽管”“虽然”时的用法(此时它引导的不是时间状语从句，而是让 步状语从句——此用法许多同学并不熟悉，值得特别注意～)。如: ______ I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive. (山东卷) A. As B. Since C. If D. While 【解析】答案选D。while在此表示“尽管”“虽然”，又如:While the work was difficult, it was interesting. 尽管工作有难度，但很有趣。/ While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you. 虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。 另外，while表示对比的用法也值得注意(此时它表示“而”)。如: The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, ______ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. (天津卷) A. since B. when C. as D. while 四、when引导的状语从句 对于when的用法，同学们最熟悉的是表示“当„„的时候”。如: —Where’s that report? —I brought it to you ______ you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday. (北京卷) A. if B. when C. because D. before 【解析】答案选B。将四个选项逐一填入空格处，只有填when时，意思最通顺。句意为:当 你 但是when还有一个用法，就是表示“既然”。如: Why do you want a new job ___D___ you’ve got such a good one already? A. that B. where C. which D. when 还有一点也需注意，就是when表示“这时(突然)”的用法。如: 1. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel ___B___ I heard the steps. (湖南卷) A. while B. when C. since D. after 2. He was about halfway through his meal ___C___ a familiar voice came to his ears. (辽宁卷) A. why B. where C. when D. while 五、unless引导的状语从句 unless的意思是“如果不„„”“除非”，对于涉及unless的考题，一般只要能读懂句意， 弄清语境，一般不会有问题。如: 1. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but ______ they have eggs or young chicks, they don’t use a nest. (湖南卷) A. why B. how C. unless D. where 2. I won’t call you, ______ something unexpected happens. (全国I) A. unless B. whether C. because D. while 【解析】两道题都选unless，均表示“除非”。 六、until引导的状语从句 until的意思是“直到„„时”“在„„之前”，对于涉及until的考题，一般只要能读懂句 意，弄清语境，一般不会有问题。如: It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ___A___ we’ve actually had that lesson. (天津卷) A. until B. after C. since D. when 另外，还要注意not„until„这一句式(直到„„才)。如: “You can’t have this football back ___D___ you promise not to kick it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly. (广东卷) A. because B. since C. when D. until 七、once引导的状语从句 once的意思是“一旦”，对于涉及once的考题，一般只要能读懂句意，弄清语境，一般不会 有问题。如: 1. You will be successful in the interview ______ you have confidence. (福建卷) A. before B. once C. until D. though 2. ______ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生 态系统) to recover. (江苏卷) A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once 【解析】两道题都选once，均表示“一旦”。 八、where引导的状语从句 where可以用于引导地点状语从句，其意为“在„„的地方”，此用法许多同学都不是熟悉，但高考经常考查，应引起特别注意。如: 1. If you are traveling ______ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. (天津卷) A. in which B. what C. when D. where 2. —Mom, what did your doctor say? —He advised me to live ______ the air is fresher. (四川卷) A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 【 高考英语听力(听取信息)必记词汇 1、月份 12 months: Abb. January Jan. February Feb. March Mar. April Apr. May May. June Jun. July Jul. August Aug. September Sep(t). October Oct. November Nov. December Dec. 2、星期 Seven days: Abb. Sunday Sun. Monday Mon. Tuesday Tue. Wednesday Wed(s). Thursday Thu. Friday Fri. Saturday Sat. 3、交通 Traffic, plane, bus, car, train, subway(underground), boat, ship, taxi, transportation, timetable, journey, speed, 4、货币(钱) U. S Dollar, Hong Kong Dollar (HK,), yuan, RMB, , pound (,), pocket change, coin, check, cash, credit card, bank, 5、地点(情景用语) 餐馆(restaurant)用语: meal, menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger, sandwich, soup, dish, beer, soft drink, fully booked,等; 医院(hospital)用语: take medicine, temperature, pill, headache, fever, blood pressure, waiting room, 等; 宾馆(hotel)用语: single room, double room, room number, room service, check in, check out, lift / elevator等; 邮局(post office)用语: mail, deliver, stamp, envelope, telegram, postage等; 机场(airport)用语: flight, take off, land, luggage, China Airline, information desk, boarding, customs, departure time, arrival,等; 车站(station)用语: round trip, single trip, sleeping car, ticket, fair, conductor, 等; 商店(shop)用语: on sale, size, color, price, change, customer, expensive, cheap, discount, 等; 学校(school)用语: exam, course, dining hall, playground, library, lab, degree, foreign language, 等。 家庭(family)用语: relatives, relationship, reunion, uncle, parents, aunt, family-get-together, generation, 6、节日 holiday, festival, Mid-autumn Day, May Day, National Day, Teachers’ Day, Children’ s Day, Mother(Father)’s Day, New Year, Christmas Day, Thanksgiving Day, Easter ,Halloween, Valentine’s Day, 7、体育 Basketball, football ,volleyball, baseball, tennis, table-tennis, badminton running , swimming, shooting, fishing, surfing ,skating ,rock climbing, jumping, gym, stadium, 8、娱乐 concert, show, exhibition, film, movie, play, theatre, museum, music, entertainment, band, chess, amusement park, nightclub, picnic, bowling, 9、职业 clerk , secretary, manager , boss, professor, lawyer, businessman, driver, doctor nurse, headmaster, headmistress, librarian, engineer, technician, farmer, policeman policewoman, coach, 10、健康(问题) health, gain weight, lost weight, keep fit, balanced diet, smoking, Aids, Sars, 11、时间 Century, year, month, week, day, hour, minute, second, yesterday, today, tomorrow, weekend, At noon, morning, afternoon, evening, night, 12、科目 Chinese Mathematics English Physics Chemistry Biology Politics History Geography Arts Music Physical Education (P E) 13、国籍(nationality) Chinese, Japanese, German, French, American, Australian, Englishman, Russian, New-Zealander, Canadian, Italian, Spanish, 14、主要国家、地区、城市 The People’s Republic of China，Beijing ，The United States of America，USA ，New York，Chicago ,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ，U.K，London ， France，Paris, Germany, Berlin, Australia, Canberra / Sydney, Japan, Tokyo, Canada ,Toronto/ Ottawa, Italy , Rome, Spain , Madrid , Russia , Moscow, Europe, 15、数(量)词 Million, thousand, hundred, dozen, score, decade, first, second, third, forth, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth, 16、科技 computer, surf the Internet, technology, science, information, e-mail, download, on line, off line, clone, robot, cell phone/ mobile phone, satellite, spaceship, fax, 17、Clothes(衣物): clothing , dress, suit, evening dress, jacket, shirt ,skirt, T-shirt, trousers pants, shorts, blouse, sweater, coat, overcoat, tie, socks, stockings, shoes, boots hat , cap ,uniform 18、Food and drinks(食物与饮料): hamburger, sandwich(es), bread, flour, milk, pork, beef, lamb, chicken , fish, rice, vegetable, black-tea, green-tea , coffee, black coffee, wine, alcohol, soft drinks 高考英语作文话题词汇精选 话题一:中学生的爱好与兴趣 spare time (业余时间), favorite (最喜欢的), interest(兴趣), hobby(爱好), appetite(嗜好),taste(口味), read novels(也小说), play football/basketball(打足球/篮球), surf the internet(上网), chat online(在线聊天), play games(玩游戏), collect stamps(集邮), make e-friends(交网友), climb mountains(爬山), watch TV (看电视), enjoy popular music(喜欢流行音乐),be interested in(对„感兴趣), develop an interest in(在„方面发展兴趣), be fond of(喜欢„),be keen on(喜欢„), have love for(喜爱„), have a taste in(对„有兴趣) 等。 话题二:劳动与劳动观念 work(工作), be at work(在工作), work hard(努力工作), produce(生产), worker(工人), labor force(劳动力), labor(劳动), voluntary labor(义务劳动)，serve the people(为人民服务)，heart and soul(全心全意)，physical labor(体力劳动), mental labor(脑力劳动), labor viewpoint(劳动观念), labor day(劳动节), workday(工作日), means of labor(劳动方式), honorable(光荣的), be devoted to(奉献于..), value(价值), earn money(赚钱) , personal interests(个人利益)等。 话题三:创建和谐社会 harmonious(和谐的), friendly(友好的), civilized(文明的), honest(真诚的), credible (诚信的), be public-spirited(有公德心的), balanced(平衡的), be in order(有序的), peaceful(和平的), live in harmony(生活和谐), sustainabl „can be achieved by hard wok. „可以通过劳动获得。it is difficult to find work in the present situation. 在当前形势下，很难找到工作。it is honorable to „ „是光荣的。if everyone „ for others and the society, our world will be „如果每个 人为他人和社会做„， 我们这个世界将会„。every one should „ and devotes himself to building our motherland into a strong country.每个人应该 „，为把我们祖国建设成为一个强壮的国家而奉献自己的力量。 话题四:招聘与求职 employ(雇佣), look for(寻找), take in(吸纳), full-time(全职的), part-time(兼职的), well-paid(薪水高的), be paid by the hour(按小时发工资), requirement(要求), résumé(个人履历),schooling(受教育情况), subjects(课程), working experience(工作经历), qualification(合格证明), transcript (成绩单), health(健康状况), present address(现在通讯地址)等，apply for(申请„), graduate from(毕业于), major in(以„为专业), degree(学位), scholarship(奖学金), good grades(良好的成绩), hobby(爱好), favorite(最喜欢的), be skilled in(在„方面熟练), be good at(擅长„), experienced(有经验的), confident(自信的), English and computer ability(英语和计算机能力), healthy(健康的)等。 话题五:中学生的健康问题 physical and mental condition(身体与精神状态), strong(强壮的), un/healthy(不健康/健康的), overweight/fat(肥胖的), thin(瘦的), near/short-sighted(近视的), mentally unhealthy(精神不健全的), normal(正常的), abnormal(不正常的), energetic(精力旺盛的), unhealthy eating habit(不健康的饮食习惯), eat much junk food (吃太多的垃圾食品)等，stay/keep healthy/fit(保持健康), build up one’s body/ improve one’s’ health(强身健体), enough sleep(充足的睡眠), take regular exercise(进行有规律的运动), roper diet(合理的饮食), good living habits(良好的生活习惯), lose weight(减肥), remove heavy burdens(减轻负担), be good for/do good to(对„有益处), nutrition(营养), go on diet(节食), form a „ eating habit(养成一个„的饮食习惯) breathe in as much fresh air等。 话题六:环境保护 pollute(污染)，waste is scattering here and there.(到处撒满了废弃物)，protect the environment(保护环境) ，send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air(散发出烟和有毒气体)，cut down trees(砍伐树木)， pour waste water into the rivers(把废水注入河流) 话题七:校园文明与安全问题 school rules and regulations(学校规章 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 ),obey(遵守), observe(遵守), keep/observe discipline(遵守纪律), behave well(表现良好),be neatly dressed(穿戴整洁), respect one’s teachers and parents(尊敬师长), be on time(准时), keep the environment clean(保持环境干净), civilized(文明的) break the rules(违反规章制度), discipline(纪律), spit(吐痰), throw rubbish everywhere(乱扔垃圾), cheat in the exam(考试作弊), get in line (插队), fight with sb.(与„打架), punish sb. for (因„处罚某人)等。the students are told not to break any of the rules of the school. 学校要求学生不要违反任何规章制度。the students are expected to „ 学校期望学生„。it must be made clear that the students should „ 必须明确的一点是，学生应该„。 „ is of no good to a friendly and harmonious society. „对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。it is honorable to obey the principles and rules of our school. 遵守学的规章制度是光荣的。it is worthy of praise to ... „是值得表扬的。it is shameful to „ „是可耻的。what we should do is that „ 我们应该做的事情是„ 话题八:友谊 get to know sb.(认识某人), know sb. really well(熟知某人), make friends with sb.(和某人交朋友), a strong personality (一个很强的个性), personal matters(隐私), friendship(友谊), friendly(友好的), a close friend(一个亲密的朋友), trust each other (相互信任), precious(珍贵的), worthy(有价值的), understanding(通情达理的), share „with sb.(与„分享„), be loyal to(对„忠诚), keep in touch with sb. (与„保持联系), keep company with sb.(和„结交), stay best friends with sb. (和„保持很好的友谊)等。 在描述此话题时常用的句型有: ,. friends give us „ 朋友给予我们„。 ,. a good friend is someone you can „ 一位好朋友就是一个我们能够„的人。 ,. the first time i met „, he was „ 当我第一次遇到„的时候，他„。 ,. friendship plays an important part in „ 友谊在„中扮演一个重要角色。 ,. you can „ to be a good friend. 你可以„来成为别人的好朋友。 ,. we can turn to ... when we feel down. 当我们心情糟糕时，可 ,. „ makes a good friend. „成就好朋友。 ,. a friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真知。 ,. ... is one of the things people value most in a friend. „ 是人们在朋友身上最重视的东西。 ,,. „ have a friend of „ years with sb. „ 与„ 有着„年的友情。