英语单词的重音规则

七大特殊单词重音规则 1. 英语中派生词的重音和词根重音一致。 派生词就是一些有同样词根的词。比如： act, active, actively com'pare com'parison  2. 带有下列后缀的词：-ary, -ery, -ory, -ism, -ist, -mony, -ment, -ary等，重音通常在第一个音节上。例如： customary scientist slavery factory realism  3. 带下列前缀的词：a-, ab-, ac-, ad-, al-, be-, con-, de-, dis-, em-, en-, in-, mis-, re-, tans-, un-重音通常在第二音节上。例如： a'bout ab'duce ac'cede ad'mire be'long con'sult de'tect dis'like  4. 带下列后缀的词：-aim, -ain, -cur, -eem, -duce, -ere, -firm, -gn, -oin, -oke, -ose, -pt, -rce, -self, -ume重音通常在第二音节。 contain occur sincere design confirm  5. 带下列后缀的词：-ade, -ain, -ee, -eer, -esque, -ette, -ique, -ine, -oon重音通常在最后一个音节。这些词一般都是从法语中借来的词。例如： emplo'yee an'tique maga'zine ci'gar volun'teer gaso'line  6. 带下列后缀的词：-eous, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ient, -ion, -ious, -ish, -it, -liar, -sive, -tal, -uous重音通常在倒数第二音节上。例如： oc'casion re'lation as'tonish de'posit mu'sician  7. 但是有些派生词，比如从名词派生出来的形容词，它的重音就得发生变化，通常是后移。 例如： 'science scien'tific 'accident acci'dental 'democrat demo'cratic 'politics po'litical 其实，英语词汇的重音位置通常是有规律的。例如：有些双音节词汇做名词时重音往往落在首音节上；而做动词时，重音就落在第二音节上了。这些词汇常见的有：addict，accent，abstract，annex等。 可见，掌握好并读准单词的重音有一定的规律可循。 为了便于记忆和学习，现将部分规则按重音位置和字母顺序作如下归纳，并从理论上进行简要分析。 一、归类部分 ．重音落在末音节的字母组合 ①以-ee结尾，读音为/i:/的词汇： appellee chimpanzee conferee contestee decree drawee evacuee em-ployee goatee grandee guarantee indictee inductee ②以-act结尾，读音为/aekt/的词汇，多为动词： contact contract detract distract exact enact intact interact ③-air，-aire或-are结尾，读音为/eə/的： affair concessionaire enclair millionaire aware prepare ④以-ade结尾，读音为/eid/的词汇： arcade brigade colonnade escalade escapade（exception：decade） ⑤以-ane结尾，读音为/ein/的词汇： inane insane profane humane ⑥以-ceive结尾，读音为/si:v/的动词： conceive deceive perceive receive ⑦以-duce结尾，读音为/dju:s/的词汇： conduce deduce induce introduce reduce reproduce subduce traduceseduce ⑧以-ease结尾，读音为/zi:z/或/zi:s/的词汇： appease decease decrease disease increase predecease release sub-lease surcease ⑨以-een结尾，读音为/i:n/的名词： colleen canteen pretteen Salween shagreen thirteen spalpeenvelevteen yestreen ⑩以-eer结尾，读音为/niə/的名词： cannoneer compeer domineer engineer fronteer gadgeteer gazetterpamphleteer patrioteer (11)以-ect结尾，读音为/ekt/的动词： affect bisect collect defect direct detect correct confect connectdisinfect eject elect (12)以-ede结尾，读音为/i:d/的动词： accede antecede concede impede intercede precede recede retrocedesecede supercede (13)以-end结尾，读音为/end/的动词： attend amend commend comprehend contend defend depend extendintend represend subtend (14)以-el结尾，读音为/el/的词汇： compel impel Nobel marcel propel rebel（v．） (15)以-ert结尾，读音为/ə:t/的词汇： assert concert convert desert introvert subvert (16)以-ese结尾，读/i:s/或/i:z/的词汇： Chinese Japanese Napalese sudanese telegraphese vietnamese (17)以-clude结尾，读音为/klu:d/的动词： conclude exclude include occlude preclude seclude (18)以-esce结尾，读音为/es/的词汇： coalesce deliquesce effloresce evanesce recrudesce (19)以-ess结尾，读音为/es/的动词： compress confess depress express impress profess redress represssuppress transgress 若不是动词，以-ess结尾，的词汇之重音位置不固定： 'progress 'congress pro'cess un'less (20)以-est结尾，读音为/est/的动词： adjest congest contest digest infest protest suggest (21)以-ette结尾，读音为/et/的词汇： cassette cigarette brunette coquette chemisette forssette frisettegazette grisette (22)以-form结尾，读音为/fɔ:m/的动词： conform perform reform transform（但uniform是名词） (23)以-ict结尾，读音为/ikt/的动词： afflict conflict constrict contradict inflict predict restric (24)以-ide结尾，读音为/aid/的词汇： aside astride beside confide divide provide reside subside (25)以-ign结尾，读音为/ain/的动词： assign condign design consign resign (26)以-ire结尾，读音为/aiə/的动词： conspire esquire expire desire inquire inspire require respire (27)以-lapse结尾，读音为/aeps/的词汇： collapse prolapse relapse (28)以-mit结尾，读音为/mit/的词汇： admit commit demit emit intermit omit permit pretermit remitsubmit transmit （若是名词，重音落在首音节，如：'limit 'summit 'vomit） (29)以-ort结尾，读音为/ɔ:t/的动词： disport distort escort export import report retort support trans-port （若是名词，重音多落在首音节：escort export import bistort purport等。） (30)以-ore结尾，读音为/ɔ:/的词汇： afore before deplore explore restore (31)以-pose结尾，读音为/pəuz/、/pəus/的动词： depose decompose expose impose interpose oppose indispose predis-pose propose suppose (32)以-scribe结尾，读音为/skraib/的词汇： conscribe describe escribe prescribe subscribe transcribe (33)以-scend结尾，读音为/send/的词汇： ascend condescend descend transcend (34)以-oon结尾，读音为/u:n/的词汇： afternoon balloon buffoon cartoon cocoon decocoon dragoon festoongalloon octoroon pocaroon（exception：forenoon） (35)以-que结尾，读音为/k/的词汇： antique boutique blottesque burlesque arabesque cacique critiquegrotesque Japanesque mystique (36)以-r结尾，现在分词和过去分词均要双写r（-red，-ring）： demur incur inter infer occur prefer recur refer transfer (37)以-uct结尾，读音为/akt/的词汇： conduct construct deduct instruct obstruct product (38)以-ult结尾，读音为/alt/的词汇： consult exult insult occult midcult result (39)以-ume结尾，读音为/ju:m/的词汇： assume consume perfume presume subsume (40)以-use结尾，读音为/ju:s/或/ju:z/的词汇： accuse confuse excuse perfuse refuse suffuse transfuse (41)以-ure结尾，读音为/juə/的词汇： accure impure immure insecure insure inure mature obscure per-dure procure secure（exceptions：'epicure 'manicure） 2．重音落在倒数第二个音节的字母组合： ①以-ial结尾，读音为/ʃəl/、/iəl/或/jəl/的词汇： /ʃəl/：confidential decrial existential impartial inferential inffluentialinitial prejudicial sacrificial substantial /iəl/：authorial bimestrial colloquial gressorial material mercurialministerial motorial pictorial prefatorial tectorial visitorial /jəl/：antimonial bicentennial colonial ②以-ian结尾，读音为/ʃən/、/iən+n/、/j+n/的词汇： /ʃən/：academician arithmetician acoustician electrician Eurasian Lin-guistician musician Persian politician practician /iən/、/jən/：Cantabrigian collegian Colombian historian rosarian salu-tatorian subclavian ③以-ia结尾，读音为/jə/的词汇： 国名、地名：Australia Ethiopia Indonesia Malaysia Mauritania Roma-nia 医学：abulia achromatopsia acidemia acrophobia aerophobia bilharziainsomnia 其他：academia acedia cryptomeria razzia encyclopedia ④以-ic结尾，读音为/ik/偶或包括以-ics结尾的词汇： atomatic atmospheric autarkic autographic ballistic climatic cosmeticenteric epidemic ⑤以-ior结尾，读音为/i+/的词汇，形容词居多： inferior junior posterior prior senior superior ulterior ⑥以-it结尾，读音为/it/的词汇： cohabit demerit discredit discomfit decrepit deposit explicit dispiritdisinherit inspirit inherit inhabit inhibit reposit transit visit ⑦以-scence（n．）或-scent（adj）结尾： acescence acquiescence deliquescence convalescence evanescence obso-lescence reminiscence renascence decrescent marcescent pubescent re-crudescent quiescent resipiscent suffrutescent ⑧以-ion或-sion结尾： accusaion abolition confusion explosion decision impression persua-sion excitation suggestion invitation 3．重音落在倒数第三个音节的字母组合： ①以-fy结尾，读音为/fai/的动词： acidify identify intensify emulsify lapidify personify qualify modifyprettify simplify transmogrify ②以-ical结尾，读音为/ikl/的词汇： academical chemical electrical political periodical encyclical teleologi-cal inimical theoretical technological ③以-icide结尾，读音为/isaid/的词汇： suicide aborticide acaricide foeticide fratricide herbicide infanticideliberticide uxoricide ④以-itude结尾，读音为/itju:d/的词汇： attitude decrepitude infinitude lassitude latitude platitude ⑤以-ity结尾，读音为/iti/的词汇： ability curiosity civility facility fragility opportunity personalitypossibility sensitivity simplicity speciality utility vanity whimsicality ⑥以-graph或-phy结尾，读音为/grəf/或/fi/的词汇： aerography bibliography biography calligraphy chirography geographylexicography photography planography telegraphy theosophy philosophy ⑦以-ology结尾，读音为/ɔlədʒ/的词汇： aerology bibliology bryology crytology ecology Egyptology lexicologytechnology pestology psychology testaceology teleology theology zoology ⑧以-otomy结尾，读音为/ɔtəmi/的词汇： neurotomy tenotomy tracheotomy trichotomy ⑨以-ular结尾，读音为/julə/的词汇： biangular binocular consular insular intercelluar ocular orbicularpopular particular secular regular triangular 4．词汇加了前缀后的重读位置 ①重读落在第一音节的词汇，加前缀后，重读位置不变： 'dazzle—be'dazzle 'operate—co'operate 'force—en'force 'logical—il'logical 'literate—il'literate 'constant—in'constant ②重读落在第二音节的词汇，加前缀后，原重读位置不受影响，但前缀的字母组合作为一个音节可重读或次重读： pro'duce—'repro'duce 'graduate—'post'graduate 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