动词不定式练习

动词不定式练习 动词不定式 动词不定式的用法: to + 动词原形 ，( 在句子中不能作谓语,可以有自己的宾语，等。) 1. 作主语:动词不定式作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 常用句式:1) It is + adj. + (for sb./ of sb.) + to do sth. It 是形式主语，真正的主语是 动词不定式 to do … 注意: 用for 时， 形容词是与物有关的，即形容事物的 如:important ， possible ， impossible, esay, hard , difficult, interesting , dangerous , necessary 等。 如:It is important for us to learn English well. It is difficult for him to finish the work alone. 用 of 时，要用与人有关的表示“ 赞美”或“批评”的形容词。如:nice , kind , right, polite, good , clever , rude, wrong, impolite , foolish … 如:It is kind of you to help the old people . It is rude of him to shout at the policeman. 2) It is + adj. +n. +to do sth. 如:It’s a good idea to take a bus there. 3) It takes sb. some time to do sth. 如:It takes me fifteen minutes to go to school by bike. 2. 作宾语:句型1:主语+ 动词+ to do … 常用的动词 want, would like , hope , wish , plan , decide, agree, offer, learn, manage , expect , begin, start, try, need, remember, forget, promise …choose, 如: I hope to go to university after middle school. He began to learn English at the age of six. 句型2:主语+动词+(宾语)+ 疑问词 + to do…(疑问词:how , when , where, what, Which, whom …) 如: Can you tell me how to get to the station ? I don’t know what to do. He can’t decide which to choose. 句型3:主语+动词+ it +形容词/ 名词 + to do …. 此句中 it 是形式宾语，真正的 宾语是 动词不定式 to do … 常用的动词有: find , think, believe , make, take, consider , regard … 如: I find it easy to learn English. We think it better to go there by train. 3. 作宾语补足语: 句型: 主语+动词+ 宾语 + to do sth. 如:The teacher tells us to clean the classroom every day . My parents always ask me to study hard. I make it a habit to get up early. 常用的动词:want, would like , wish, like, ask, tell, order, teach, advise, invite, allow, expect , encourage, persuade, help… 4. 作表语: 常表示“未来、 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 、打算、预定、义务”等。 句型:主语+be+ to do sth. 如:My dream is to travel around the world . His job is to feed the animals. 1 5. 作定语:用在名词或代词后:(起形容词的作用，但一定要后置, 动词不定式与前面 的名词或代词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系) 1)名词/ 代词+ to +v. 如:I want something to eat . 2)名词/代词+to+v. +介词 如:They had no house to live in .(注意介词) 翻译句子: 1)请给他把椅子坐。 2)我需要一些纸写字 3)北京是个游览的好地方。 6. 作状语:1)原因状语:常用在表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”等形容词后，表示情感的原因。 如happy, lucky , glad, pleased, sad, sorry, disappointed, surprised, shocked, excited, frightened , afraid… 句型:sb. + be +adj. +to do sth. 如:I am happy to see you again. We are excited to win the basketball match. 2) 作目的状语:表示“做某事是为了什么” , 后一个动作是前一个动作的目的。 如 : go to swh. to do… , come to do… , wait to do…, stop to do…, hurry to do… 如:He got up early in the morning to catch the early bus. =To catch the early bus he got up early in the morning . I went to the station to meet my friend yesterday 7. 表示某事物的某种属性:如“这个问题很难回答”，“ 这个苹果不好吃”等 句型:sth. is +adj. + to do . 如:This question is difficult to answer. This apple isn’t good to eat. English is easy to learn. 8. 动词不定式的固定结构: 1)S+V+too+adj./adv.+ to do... 如:He is too young to go to school. 2) S+V.+ (not) adj./adv + enough to do sth. 如:. The question isn’t easy enough (for me) to answer . She is old enough to look after herself . 3)try /do one’s best to do sth. 4) in order to do … 5) prefer to do … rather than do… 9. 动词不定式中 “to” 的省略。 1)感官动词后动词不定式做宾语补足语省略 “to”, 但在被动语态中必须加 “to” 感官动词:see, watch, look at , hear, listen to, feel, notice, find ? 主语+动词+宾语+原形V(主动意义，动作全过程或经常性动作，或终止性动词) 如: I saw him swim yesterday. I often hear her play the piano. Did you notice anyone enter the room just now ? ? 主语+动词+宾语+V-ing+…( 主动意义，动作正在进行) 如:I heard her singing in the room just now. We saw them playing basketball when we passed the playground. ? 主语+动词+宾语+过去分词+… (表示被动意义) I heard my name called just now. 2)使役动词后动词不定式做宾语补足语省略“to”，常用的使役动词有:have, make, let 句型1:主语+have/make/let+宾语+原形V +… (主动意义) 如:He made me tell the truth. Please let him come in. 句型2: 主语+have/make/let +宾语+V过去分词+…(被动意义) 如:I had my hair cut yesterday. 2 3)用and 连接的两个动词不定式，后一个省略 “to” . 如: I told him to go and (to ) buy some fruit. 注意:为避免动词的重复，第二个动词不定式省略动词，保留 “to” I invited him to go to the movies, but he didn’t want to (go to the movies). He wanted to help us but he wasn’t able to (help us) 4) 惯用语: had better (not)do... would rather do than do ... do nothing but + 原形V ( 如果前面的动词不是 do , 则nothing but 后的动词形式视前 一个动词而定)如: He does nothing but play every day. He thinks of nothing but playing every day. 10. 动词不定式的被动形式: to be + 过去分词( done) Your clothes need washing. = Your clothes need to be washed. 11. 动词不定式的否定形式: not to do The teacher tells us not to be late for class. 动词不定式练习: 1. —What did you see just now? —I saw two _____ doctors _____ out of the house. A. women,come B. woman, came C. woman, coming D. women, to come 2. —_____ good news it is! The pandas are alive after the earthquake. —It’s so _____. A. What a, excited B. what, exciting C. How a, excited D. How, exciting 3. — Would you like to play table tennis with me? — I don’t feel like it. I would rather_____at home and watch TV. A .stay B. to stay C. staying D .stayed 4. She was happy _____ me last night. A. to see B. see C. saw D. seeing 5. — What ______ news it was! — Yes, all of the children were _____. A. excited, exciting B. exciting, excited C. exciting, exciting D. excited, excited 6. — Why are you late? — My bike broke down. I had it _____. A. repaired B. repairs C. repair D. repairing 7. Colors can change our moods and make us _____ happy or sad, A. to feel B. feeling C. felt D. feel 8. Would you mind _____ more slowly? I can’t follow you. A. speak B. spoke C. spoken D. speaking 9.It’s good habit _____ breakfast every day. A. had B. have C. has D. to have 10. The students found it difficult ____their writing on time. A. finishing B. finished C. to finish 11.It's nice ______ you ______me with my maths. A. for, to help B. for, helping C. of, to help D. of, helping 12The teacher asked me _____ for school next time. A. not be late B. don’t be late C. not to be late D. not late 3 13.— Can you tell me _____ send e-mail? — Just hit the send button. A. what to B. why to C. how to D. when to 14. The boy enjoys ______ the radio in the morning. A.listening B.listening to C.listen to D.to listen 15. How about ______ to the cinema on Sunday, A. go B. to go C. going D. will go 16. The little boy is busy ______ his homework now. A. do B. to do C. doing D. does 17. We kept __the ball to each other，and they began to get angry. A. to pass B. passing C. pass D. passed 18. — Where is Mr. Yu, do you know? —Well, it's hard to say. But I saw him __a football game just now. A. was watching B. watching C. had watched D. watched 二、用所给词的适当形式填空: 1.. Give me some water __________(drink). 2. He has no house __________(live)in. 3. I went there __________(see)him. 4. He was kind enough _________(excuse)me. 5. He works hard _________(pass)the exam. 6. I’m sorry __________(have)kept you waiting. 7. He lived ________(see)his son a great man. 8. He must be very rich ________(buy)that big house. 9. This is too difficult __________(understand). 10. English is not easy _________(learn). 11. Would you like __________(go )out or would you rather stay here, 12. The room is large enough for 100 people __________(have)a meeting in. 13. I have some clothes ________ (wash) today. 14. He gave me some advice on how___________ (learn) English well. 15.The two books are both very good, she can’t decide which __________ (buy). 单项选择 1.Would you please tell me next? A. how to do B. what to do C. what do I do D. how I should do 2.The girl wasn't to lift that bookcase. A. too strong B. enough strong C. strong enough D. so strong 3.His grandmother found accept(接受) his new idea. A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to 4.As she has never been there before, I'll have someone her the way. A. show B. to show C. showing D. showed 5.You drive slowly. The roads are wet. A. had rather B. would rather C. had better D. would better 6.Nothing can make the brave soldier(战士) his country. A. turn against B. to turn against C. to turn to D. turn to 7.In the old days it was difficult for the poor a job. A. find B. to find C. look D. to look for 4 8.It was foolish his car unlocked. A. for him to leave B. of him to leave C. for him leave D. him to leave 9.Remember the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. will put back 10.We all think it most foolish this mistake. A. for you making B. of you to make C. you to make D. for you to make 11.—You were lost on your way to the lake, weren't you? —Yes, we were and had to stop the way. A. asking B. to ask C. asked D. to be asked 12.The advertisements are trying people to buy things they don't really need. A. persuade B. persuading C. be persuading D. to persuade 13.On our way back home, we lunch because we felt hungry. A. stopped to have B. stop to have C. stopped having D. stopped to have 14.I did nothing but my lessons last Sunday. A. go over B to go over C. went over D. go on 15.I'd prefer home rather than a walk. A. to stay; to take B. stay; to take C. to stay; take D. stay; take 16.He was so foolish his car unlocked. A. to leave B. that leave C. as to leave D. for him to leave 17.Your flat needs . Do you want me it for you? A. to clean; to do B. cleaning/ doing C.cleaning; to do D.to be cleaned; doing 把下列的 状语从句改为不定式短语 1.She was excited when she heard the news. 2.I'm glad I have seen your mother. 3.The mother was pleased when she saw her son doing so well at school. 4. He was very happy when he saw us so happy. 5. They will be disappointed when they hear it. 6. He is so short that he can't be a good basketball player. 7.The room is so small that it can't hold one hundred people. 翻译句子: 1.开车太快很危险。 2.见到我的老朋友我非常开心。 3.熊猫一天需要吃很多竹子。 4.学好英语对我们很重要。 5.他发邮件告诉我这个好消息。 6.我们应该尽力拯救动物。 7.老师告诉我们要努力学习。 8.她太小了不能照顾自己。 1.It will be bad for your health to eat ____ (much)food and take____(little)exercise. 5 2. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English. 3. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world. 4.He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think. 5. Sue is a little ________ (beautiful) than her sister. 6.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well). -- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the __________ (well). 7. Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week. 8. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat). 9. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one. 10. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I. 11.This book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one. 12. Practise as __________ (much) as you can. 13. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good). 14. Nowadays English is __________( important ) than any other subject. 15. I’m going to listen to the radio. Please ____(not talk)any more. 16. The students ____(be)busy now. They ____(have)an English exam next Monday. 17. I’ll tell him about it when he ____(come)back. 18. Don’t speak loudly. The baby ____(sleep). 19. I often hear the sound of children ____(read)English in the room. 20. Who is ______(careless)in your class? And who does homework______(careless) 1. I’m going to listen to the radio. Please ___________(not talk)any more. 2. The students __________(do)their homework from four to five this afternoon. 3. The students _____(be)busy now. They _____(have)an English exam next Monday. 4. Mary must _________(look)after her little sister because she is too young. 5. _________you________(wait )for a bus now, 6. This coat is too expensive, Please show me a _________ (cheap) one. 7. I’ll tell him about it when he ____________(come)back. 8. Could you tell me how_____________ ( get)to No 3 Middle school. 6 9. Edison’s mother _____________(teach)him herself. 10. He ____________(watch)TV once a week. 13. Don’t speak loudly. The baby _____________(sleep). 14. I won’t go out until I ____________(finish)my homework. 15. Could you tell me when ___________(leave)for Beijing ?. 16. I often hear the sound of children ____(read)English in the room. 17.He asked me ____________(help)him with his English this evening. 18. Their work is _____________(clean)the streets. 19. Did he enjoy ____________(work)in China. 20. We will stay at home if it ______________(rain)tomorrow. 21. Be quiet～ The boy ______________(sing)an English song. 22.Who __________(teach)them English last term. 24. There _________(be)a telephone call for you just now. 25.Don’t let us _______________ (wait) too long .. 26. Peter won’t have a rest until he ___________(finish)his work. 27. I watched TV， so I __________(forget)__________(do)my homework. 28. When I walked past the playground ，I saw them __________ ( play) basketball. 29. Did you notice anyone ___________ ( enter) my room just now? 30. They _____(see)a boy _____(fall)into the river while they passed it yesterday. 32. _____(study)hard at your lessons and___________(not talk)in class. 33. You _______(have)better ________(not eat)the bad food. 34. They will be very happy ___________ (hear)the good news. 35. He was tired, so he stopped __________(have) a rest. 36. I ___________(get)up very early this morning __________(catch)the plane. 37. He _________(hurry)_________ (catch) the early bus every morning. 38. When the teacher came in , the students stopped ___________( talk). 39. If he _________(know)it ，he __________(be)very happy. 40. It __________(take)us half an hour _________(read)English every day. 41. The children ___________(run)in the street now. 42. There ___________(be)two meetings tomorrow morning. 7 43. I hope ________ (go) to a famous university. 44. We plan _________ (visit) the Great Wall next week. 45. Don’t make the baby __________( cry). 46. Mr. Green ____(leave)his notebook at home yesterday. 47. I want___________( buy ) a new coat next Sunday. 48.Do you mind my ________ (sit) here?. 49. It is bad for you ___________ (play) computer games too much.. 50. We found it very difficult __________(learn)it well. 51. Mrs. Green enjoys ____________(travel)by air. 52. We are too tired. let’s stop ___________(have)a good rest. 53. He _________(begin)to teach in our school about ten years ago. 54. She often advises me ____________ (stop) . 55. It’s time for class. All the children stopped ____(play)football. 56. When is it sate _________(cross)the road’ 57. My mother _________(bring)me to visit my aunt yesterday. 58. Noise makes us _________(feel)very bad. 59. Jim came __________(help)me with my lessons. 60. Everyone ____(laugh)at the woman’s mistake now. 61. Miss Yang ____(teach)in this school for about five years. 62. It’s very nice of you ___________(say)so. 63. The plane ___________(arrive)in twenty minutes. 64. _____(be)there a football match last week, 65. What would you like __________(have)for supper, 68. Do you know when he _________(be)back’ 69. Do you mind my __________(trouble)you, 70. Do you know how _________(go )to Beijing. 71. Will you please __________(tell)the story in English. 72. My son says he ____(be)a doctor when he ____(grow)up. 73.His father ____(die)ten years ago. 74. It’s a pity __________ ( lose ) such a good chance . 8 75. Don’t worry , you’ll have another chance _________ (go) there. 84. You must finish the work before you ____(go)out. 85. If you see him tomorrow， ____(give)him this letter. 86. Jim ____(sick)since Monday. 87. They ____(stay)here for three days. 88.She called to see how he ____(be)。 89. ____ you ever ____(read)Lao She’s works when you were at school, 90. I ____ just ____(arrive)when he left. 91. She ____(be)to Australia three times before she was twenty. 92. I said I ____(show)him the picture when I had finished it. 93. I ____(be)free next Sunday. 9 94. I ____(read)a novel at that time. 95. He ____(swim)in the river when it began to rain. 96. While she was shopping someone ____(come)to the house. 97. Give me some water ____(drink). 98. He has no house ____(live). 99. I went there ____(see)him. 100. He was kind enough ____(excuse)me. 101. He works hard ____(pass)the exam. 102. I’m sorry ____(have)kept you waiting. 103. He lived ____(see)his son a great man. 104. He must be very rich ___(buy)that big house. 105. This is too difficult _____(understand). 106. English is not easy ____(learn). 107. The picture had better ____(not be)put up on the wall. 108. Would you like ____(go )out or would you rather stay here, 109. The room is large enough for 100 people ____(have)a meeting in. 110. Music ____(love)by everybody in our small town. 111. The bridge ____(repair)now. 112. Let it ____(not touch). 113. The book ____(write)by Lao She in 1948. 114. Don’t you notice that smoking ____(not allow)here, 115. You must not go higher， or you ____(fall). 116. We all went into the classroom when the bell ____(ring). 10 117. You’d better leave now. Your pupils may ____(wait)for you at the school gate. 118. Do you think we shall ____(lose)the game the day after tomorrow, 119. If you do so ，you ____(break)the rules. 120. The girl ____( sing)a happy song and cake into the room. 121. The house ____(build)for about ten years. 122. When the room ____(shine)upon the river，the scene was very beautiful. 123. His father ____(leave)for Australia last night. 124. We ____(start)at eight if it ____(stop)raining by that time. 125. I didn’t know anything about it until you ____(tell)me. 126. I ____(have)my breakfast when the morning post came. 127. Yesterday a man ____(hit)my car. 128. A dog was found ____(lie)on the found. 129. A dog was found ____(die)on the ground. 130. When I ____(see)Mr. Smith tomorrow，I’ll tell he the good news. 131. Have the man started to work on your new house’ Yes， it ____(build)now. 132. They told me he ____(be)back tomorrow. 133This job can ____(do )quite easily. 134. All the questions ____(answer)already. 135. The winds ____(blow)the clouds away before we went out for shopping. 136. The fish ____(taste)good. 137. Just at the moment his cat ____(drop)into the water. 138. You’d better have someone ____(repair)it for you. 139. I’m not afraid ____(speak)the truth. 11 140. You must take care ____(not catch)a cold. 141. He held the door open for us ____(enter). 142. Water ____(freeze)at 0 centigrade. 143.I’ll phone you when I ____(arrive)there. 144. The train ____(leave)at ten thirty-two. 145. I ____(graduate)from school last year. 146. He ____(spend)all his childhood in Scotland. 147. ____ you ____(watch)TV at 8 o’clock yesterday evening. 148. I ____ never ____(see)a ghost. 149. He ____(be)in love four times in his lite. 150. His father ____(die)ten years ago. 151. His father ____(die)for ten years. 152. Great changes ____(take)place in my hometown these years. 153. It _____(rain)all the week. 154. He ____(work)all day. 155. I ____ only ____(know)Jane for two days. 156. He ____(work)for ages. 157. When I arrived at the station，the train ____ already ____(leave). 158. I real led that I ____(meet)him somewhere before. 12