家庭自制葡萄酒的方法

家庭自制葡萄酒的方法 家庭自制葡萄酒的简单方法: 1、取优质葡萄10斤，放水中洗净，晾干洗涤时的水份。是晾干不可晒。 2、摘下葡萄，捏碎后盛坛。发酵或盛葡萄酒的坛不可用咸菜坛。 3、放沙白糖2斤，粮食烧酒1斤(视个人爱好，也可不放烧酒)。 4、封好坛口，发酵15——20天。 5、过滤后去核与皮，装在原坛中，密封坛口待用。取葡萄酒后要及时密封，进空气易变酸。过滤过的葡萄酒仍在发酵，不可盛在雪碧瓶内，容易爆破。 方法二: 1、准备工具: 家酿葡萄酒的工具很简单，我使用的工具包括容量10公升的医用广口瓶四只，旧葡萄酒瓶、大可乐瓶十余个，塑料或者不锈钢饭勺一个、塑料漏斗一个，塑料虹吸管(1.5米长，可到卖金鱼的市场购买)一根，过滤残渣用干净尼龙袜一只。 2、选购原料: 购买葡萄要选择那些成熟、饱满、没有病害的，葡萄皮的颜色越深越好。 3、清洗葡萄: development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 将葡萄放进水池之中浸泡，一个小时之后将水放净，再用清水冲洗。然后将葡萄放在通风的地方控干水分。 4、破碎装瓶，首次发酵: 破碎的方法很简单，就是把葡萄从梗上摘下，三、五个一起放在手中，然后把手伸进广口瓶，把葡萄皮攥破即可。注意瓶子不可以装满，到三分之二处就要停止。防止发酵时胀瓶，葡萄酒里的酒精是靠其中的糖分在酵母菌作用下产生的，如果你喜欢酒精度数高一些，中间可以分几次撒进白砂糖或者蜂蜜。我是按照一斤葡萄二两白糖的比例加糖的，出来的葡萄酒大约在10度，类似市场出售的干红。葡萄装瓶后把瓶子盖好(不要盖的很严，只要不进灰尘就可以了)，放在温暖的地方等待葡萄自然发酵。葡萄皮上有天然酵母菌，我们不必考虑发酵菌种问题。 东北的家庭都有暖气，室温在18?左右，这样的室温很适宜做葡萄酒。一般说来，装瓶后24小时即可观察到瓶内有气泡出现，以后便发现葡萄里的汁液析出，葡萄皮浮起，泡沫逐渐增多。这时每天用勺子搅动两次，把露出来的葡萄皮压进，让葡萄皮得到葡萄汁液的充分浸泡。 5、渣、液分离，二次发酵: 经过5~7天，发酵逐渐转为平缓，葡萄皮浮在上面，颜色由深变浅，葡萄籽和大部分葡萄肉的残渣沉在瓶底，此时就应该把残渣和酒液分离。具体办法是先用虹吸管将中间的酒液development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 吸出，然后把残渣装进尼龙袜，用手由轻到重的挤压，再像拧衣服一样拧，使残渣中的酒液基本流净。最后把所有的酒液混合在一起，装进广口瓶继续发酵。此时酒液很混浊，你大可不必介意。 6、过滤澄清: 第二次发酵时间大约为一个星期，此时酒液已经澄清，也不再升起气泡。这时可对瓶内酒液进行一次过滤:用虹吸管先把上面的酒液吸出，然后对含有残渣和酒泥的部分过滤，装进瓶中静置。如果你想让葡萄酒有晶莹剔透的感觉，则可以用鸡蛋请对其进一步澄清。具体操作办法是:将鸡蛋(10公升酒一个鸡蛋)磕一个小孔，把蛋清倒进大碗(不必要倒得很净，剩余部分你可以煎一个鸡蛋作为下酒菜)，用筷子将蛋清打散，不要怕费力气，最少打它十几分钟，让满碗全是蛋清泡沫。之后用酒液将蛋清泡沫冲进广口瓶，用勺子将广口瓶中的酒液充分搅拌，接着静置二个星期。 7、储藏和饮用: 经过静置澄清后的葡萄酒，最好把它装进小瓶储藏。用1.5升的旧葡萄酒瓶最为理想，装“可乐”的2.25升塑料瓶也不错，瓶盖要盖紧，防止变酸，然而放到家中温度比较低的地方(据说储存温度最理想的是13?)。什么时候想喝，就拿出一瓶，建议你每天晚上都喝上半斤。按照这一方法所酿造development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 的葡萄酒，味道和市场上的干红差不多，如果你招待女客人，可以在里面加一些白砂糖或者蜂蜜，足可以让女士在甜美中陶醉 文章引用自: 方法三: 1(破碎。将成熟的红葡萄用清水冲洗干净后，除去果梗及青粒、霉粒、破粒等，放入经过小缸里，用手挤碎或捣碎，但操作前须将手、木棒、容器等洗干净，然后再去操作，以防止杂菌污染，同时要注意不要使用铁、铜等金属的工具和容器。 2(发酵。发酵是将葡萄皮汁中的糖分经酵母的作用产生酒精和二氧化碳，红葡萄酒的前发酵过程是皮汁混在一起的，因为葡萄皮上存在有酵母，所以自制葡萄酒在发酵时可以不另外加入酵母。发酵的温度最好在15~25?，不应超出35?，但用小型容器发酵，散热较容易，一般可以达到不超过32?。 当皮汁装入容器后，一般经过一天即可开始发酵。液面开始是平静，这时已有微弱的二氧化碳气泡产生， 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示酵母已开始繁殖，经过2~3天有大量二氧化碳放出，皮渣上浮结成一层帽盖，口尝果汁，甜味渐减，酒味渐增。 发酵时每天应将上浮的葡萄皮用消毒筷子压到汁内两次，这样做一方面防止葡萄皮生霉，变酸，同时可将皮上的色素浸development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 入汁中，且排出CO2，使酵母得到氧气，发酵更旺盛。 高潮后，发酵势头开始减弱，此时可以进行加糖，(一斤葡萄二两糖)加糖是用发酵出的葡萄原酒来溶解，而不要用水化糖后再加入，等白糖完全溶解后，继续在容器中进行发酵，最后二氧化碳放出至微弱而接近平静，酒精味很浓、糖分减少至1%以下，汁液开始清晰，即为发酵结束。 3(压榨。压榨的方法是用洁净的布袋或纱布，进行挤压或扭压，红葡萄酒液即流出来，称为原酒。 (如果想让葡萄酒更清，还可以加鸡蛋清澄清。30毫升葡萄原酒约加鸡蛋清一个。方法是将鸡蛋清打成泡沫状，用少量酒充分搅拌混合，然后加入酒中，再充分搅拌和静置，至酒液清透明，将沉淀物弃掉。) 5(葡萄酒的加糖。大多数人的习惯是觉得葡萄酒应该是甜的，因此，还可以对葡萄酒进行加糖调配，加糖量约12~14%，溶解糖时要用原酒搅拌溶解。这样，具有浓厚的“玫瑰”香味，酸甜适口的红葡萄酒制成了，但如果在容器中密闭贮存2个月，则酒的风味更加醇厚。 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 家庭怎样自制葡萄酒 6l96 11级 分类: 烹饪 被浏览7414次 2013.09.03 请微博专家回答 检举 家庭怎样自制葡萄酒 FH1962277077lm 采纳率:44% 10级 2013.09.03 方法一: ?第一步:买葡萄选购葡萄时，可以挑选一些熟透的葡萄，哪怕是一颗颗散落的葡萄也不要紧。这些葡萄一是容易发酵，二是价位相对较低。常见的葡萄、提子、马奶子等，都是可以用来制作葡萄酒的。 ?第二步:洗葡萄由于葡萄表皮很可能残留农药，清洗葡萄的环节就相当重要，最好能够逐颗清洗，再用自来水反复冲洗，同时剔除烂葡萄。一些爱干净的人，喜欢把葡萄去皮后酿酒，这也未尝不可，但是少了一些葡萄皮特有的营养。 ?第三步:晾干葡萄把葡萄盛在能漏水的容器当中，等葡萄表面没有水珠就可以倒入酒坛了。 ?第四步:选择容器酒坛子可以是陶瓷罐子，也可以是玻璃瓶，但不主张用塑料容器，因为塑料很可能会与酒精发生化学反应，并产生一些有毒物质，危害人体健康。 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre ?第五步:捏好葡萄放进容器双手洗净后，直接捏葡萄，操作办法是抓起一把葡萄使劲一握，然后放入酒坛中，再把糖放在葡萄上面，葡萄和糖的比例是10?3，即10斤葡萄放3斤糖(不喜欢吃甜的朋友，可以放2斤糖，但是不能不放糖，因为糖是葡萄发酵的重要因素)。 ?第六步:加封保存将酒坛子密封，如果是陶瓷罐的话，可以到买黄酒的小店要点酒泥，加水后糊住封口。加封后，酒坛子需放在阴凉处保存，平时不要随意去翻动或打开盖子。 ?第七步:启封天热时，葡萄发酵时间需要20天至一个月左右，现在这个季节做葡萄酒，发酵时间需要40天左右。启封后，捞出浮在上面的葡萄皮，就可以直接喝葡萄酒了。注意，如果喜欢酒劲足一点，只需延迟启封时间就行了。启封后，每一次舀出葡萄酒后，别忘盖好酒坛的盖子，以免酒味挥发。 方法二: 1.破碎。将成熟的红葡萄用清水冲洗干净后，除去果梗及青粒、霉粒、破粒等，放入经过消毒容器(小缸)里，用手挤碎或捣碎，但操作前须将手、木棒、容器等先用高锰酸钾水洗一次，再用清水冲一次，然后再去操作，以防止杂菌污染，同时要注意不要使用铁、铜等金属的工具和容器(或用干净铝development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 勺在杯中经消毒)将葡萄捣碎。 2.发酵。发酵是将葡萄皮汁中的糖分经酵母的作用产生酒精和二氧化碳，红葡萄酒的前发酵过程是皮汁混在一起的，酵母在葡萄破碎时已接入汁中，因为葡萄皮上的白霜存在有酵母，所以自制葡萄酒在发酵时可以不另外加入酵母。发酵的温度最好在15~25?，不应超出35?，但用小型容器发酵，散热较容易，一般可以达到不超过32?。当皮汁装入容器后，一般经过一天即可开始发酵。液面开始是平静，这时已有微弱的二氧化碳气泡产生，表示酵母已开始繁殖，经过2~3天有大量二氧化碳放出，皮渣上浮结成一层帽盖，口尝果汁，甜味渐减，酒味渐增。发酵时每天应将上浮的葡萄皮用消毒筷子压到汁内两次，这样做一方面防止葡萄皮生霉，变酸，同时可将皮上的色素浸入汁中，且排出CO2，使酵母得到氧气，发酵更旺盛。高潮后，发酵势头开始减弱，此时可以进行加糖，加糖是用葡萄原酒来溶解，而不要用水化糖后再加入，等白糖完全溶解后，继续在容器中进行发酵，最后二氧化碳放出至微弱而接近平静，酒精味很浓、糖分减少至1%以下，汁液开始清晰，即为发酵结束，进行压榨，将皮汁分离。 3.压榨。压榨的方法是用洁净的布袋或纱布，进行挤压或扭development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 压，红葡萄酒液即流出来，称为元酒。 4.加鸡蛋清澄清。30毫升葡萄原酒约加鸡蛋清一个。方法是将鸡蛋清打成泡沫状，用少量酒充分搅拌混合，然后加入酒中，再充分搅拌和静置，至酒液清透明，将沉淀物弃掉。 5.葡萄酒的加糖。大多数人的习惯是觉得葡萄酒应该是甜的，因此，需将葡萄酒进行加糖调配，加糖量约12~14%，溶解糖时要用原酒搅拌溶解。这样，具有浓厚的“玫瑰”香味，酸甜适口的红葡萄酒制成了，但如果在容器中密闭贮存2个月，则酒的风味更加醇厚。 方法三: 1、将葡萄洗干净后，擦干或晾干葡萄表面的凉水。 2、装入能够密闭的容器，(最好是不易破裂的)不要装满然后密闭。 3、放在阳光下晒1个月左右，(发酵)，打开密闭的容器，打开时一定小心，否则发酵后的气体会一下把容器盖顶开的，(这时葡萄里的汁已经都出来了)用一块干净的纱布将葡萄皮过滤掉，放入白糖，根据自己的口味决定多少。 4、最后在将过滤好的葡萄汁密闭保存，1个月后既可。 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 方法四: 材料:葡萄、白砂糖、密封的罐子、纱布 做法:将葡萄与白砂糖用3:1的比例放入罐子中，用手捏碎，最好捏得除了皮和籽外基本上都是水状时就好了。把罐子密封好，放在阴凉干燥处20天左右基本上就可以了。最后用纱布把皮和籽滤出就可以喝啦。(其实不过滤也可以)。 备注:罐子与食品一直都不要沾油，否则就该坏了。在发酵的20天内不要打开罐子看。 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 自制葡萄酒 将成熟的红葡萄用清水冲洗干净后，除去果梗及青粒、霉粒、破粒等，放入经过消毒后晾干的容器(玻璃桶或瓷缸最好不要用铜铁铝塑料的容器)里，用手挤碎或捣碎，但操作前须将手、木棒、容器等先用高锰酸钾水洗一次，再用清水冲一次，然后再去操作，以防止杂菌污染，同时要注意不要使用铁、铜等金属的工具和容器(或用干净铝勺在杯中经消毒)将葡萄捣碎。 步骤 除去果梗及青粒、霉粒等 容器 玻璃桶或瓷缸 要求 清洗手、木棒、容器 目录 1买葡萄 2洗葡萄 3晾干葡萄 4选择容器 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 5装瓶 6发酵 7加糖 8渣液分离 9二次发酵 10自酿葡萄酒注意事项 买葡萄 自制葡萄酒 自制葡萄酒 俗话说好吃的葡萄酿不出好酒，要选皮红酸涩为优。如果能买到酿酒用的名牌葡萄当然理想，但真正酿酒用的葡萄无市售。购买葡萄要选择那些成熟、饱满、没有病害的，葡萄皮的颜色越深越好。 洗葡萄 由于葡萄表皮很可能残留农药，清洗葡萄的环节就相当重要，一般来说买来的葡萄最好不要洗，因为自制葡萄酒发酵是靠葡萄表面附着的野生酵母微生物发酵，如果要洗的话，最好整串冲洗 ，不要用手搓洗，更不可以用刷子刷，也不要给葡萄消毒，要确保野生酵母的成活。工业上葡萄是不洗development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 的，很多大型葡萄酒厂都有自己的种植园，是严禁使用农药和化肥的，市面上的葡萄如果有农药的话表皮面会有斑点。 晾干葡萄 葡萄洗干净后，要放在筐子里把水充分晾干，或者整窜挂起来晾干。 选择容器 酒坛子可以是陶瓷罐子，也可以是玻璃瓶，但不主张用塑料容器，因为塑料很可能会与酒精发生化学反应，危害人体健康。可选择大容量的医用广口瓶，以能装15-20斤葡萄的为宜，因是玻璃瓶，可看清里面的发酵状况。 装瓶 首次发酵:破碎的方法很简单，就是把葡萄捏碎，只要把皮肉分离即可，连皮、籽一起装入，装到容器的三分之二处就可以了(剩余的空间是留给发酵时葡萄皮上升的空间) 发酵 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 发酵是将葡萄皮汁中的糖分经酵母的作用产生酒精和二氧化碳，红葡萄酒的前发酵过程是皮汁混在一起的，酵母在葡萄破碎时已接入汁中，因为葡萄皮上的白霜存在有酵母，所以自制葡萄酒在发酵时可以不另外加入酵母。发酵的温度最好在15~25?，不应超出35?，但用小型容器发酵，散热较容易，一般可以达到不超过32?.当皮汁装入容器后，一般经过一天即可开始发酵。液面开始是平静，这时已有微弱的二氧化碳气泡产生，表示酵母已开始繁殖，经过2~3天有大量二氧化碳放出，皮渣上浮结成一层帽盖，口尝果汁，甜味渐减，酒味渐增。发酵时每天应将上浮的葡萄皮用消毒筷子压到汁内两次，这样做一方面防止葡萄皮生霉，变酸，同时可将皮上的色素浸入汁中。酵母菌兼性厌氧，氧气不足时产生酒精，所以要保持密封，使发酵更旺盛。高潮后，发酵势头开始减弱，此时可以进行加糖，加糖是用葡萄原酒来溶解，而不要用水化糖后再加入，等白糖完全溶解后，继续在容器中进行发酵，最后二氧化碳放出至微弱而接近平静，酒精味很浓、糖分减少至1%以下，汁液开始清晰，即为发酵结束，进行压榨，将皮汁分离。 加糖 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 发酵是微生物消耗葡萄汁液里的糖分泌出酒精的过程，酿酒用葡萄一般每百克内含糖13-15克，据经验每克糖经发酵后能产生0.6度左右的酒精，因此单靠葡萄本身的糖只能酿出8-9度的酒，要想酿出12-15度的酒，显然需要外加糖。 可按照10公斤葡萄、一公斤白糖的比例加糖的，出来的葡萄酒大约在10度，类似市场出售的干红。加糖一般分几次加入。第一次在装入葡萄后24小时，加入一半，3-4天后视发酵情况再加剩余的部分。 一般每升葡萄汁加17克糖可提高一度。另外用冰糖也不理想，因为这种结晶糖溶解速度慢，会造成葡萄汁里一段时间内果液各处糖浓度不均匀，不利于均衡发酵。 葡萄装瓶后把瓶子盖好(不要盖的很严，留有出气口，只要不进灰尘就可以了)，放在温暖的地方等待葡萄自然发酵。葡萄皮上有天然酵母菌，我们不必考虑发酵菌种问题。东北的家庭都有暖气，室温在18?左右，这样的室温很适宜做葡萄酒。一般说来，装瓶后24小时即可观察到瓶内有气泡出现，以后便发现葡萄里的汁液析出，葡萄皮浮起，泡沫逐渐增多。这时每天用勺子搅动两次，把露出来的葡萄皮压进，让葡萄皮得到葡萄汁液的充分浸泡 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 我们土法是连皮、籽一起发酵。利用皮的色红素增加红色，利用皮、籽里含的丹宁增加涩味。所以葡萄皮颜色越红紫，酿出的葡萄酒颜色越深越漂亮。 经过一周左右发酵，把糖消耗完毕后自然停止发酵，果皮不再浮上来，即达到止发酵点。但如果加糖过多，7天后没达到止发酵点，酵母还在大量繁殖发酵，酒液还在大量冒二氧化碳气泡，此时如果马上密封，就会造成后发酵时瓶内压力增大，可能会顶开软木塞而喷出酒液。所以要等酒液不再冒大量气泡后再密封。 渣液分离 达到止发酵点后，葡萄皮浮在上面，颜色由深变浅，葡萄籽和大部分葡萄肉的残渣沉在瓶底，此时就应该把残渣和酒液分离。具体办法是先用虹吸管将中间的酒液吸出，然后把残渣装进纱布，用手由轻到重的挤压，再像拧衣服一样拧，使残渣中的酒液基本流净。最后把所有的酒液混合在一起，装进广口瓶继续发酵。此时酒液很混浊，你大可不必介意，此时的酒称为元酒。 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 二次发酵 二次发酵会有少量细腻的泡沫产生，2到3周后基本完成此事酒液特别清澈(不如买的好，只是没有加入澄清剂)，二次发酵不是靠酵母发酵，而是进行苹果酸乳酸发酵，因此不会产生大量二氧化碳，瓶内压力不会继续增大，没有爆瓶危险。 所以容器尽量装满，拧紧瓶盖 建议不要加入鸡蛋清澄清(长时间保存的话，味道不够新鲜) 20天后启封，可以发现酒液变澄清，底部有一层沉淀，这是酵母完成历史使命后的"尸体"及杂质，工业上用这层东西做成酵母膏。 上层的清纯酒液再用虹吸或过滤的方法提纯灌装。最好把它装进小瓶储藏，用1.5升的旧葡萄酒瓶最为理想，装"可乐"的2.25升塑料瓶也不错，装瓶要装的满一些，瓶盖也要盖紧，然后放到家中温度比较低的地方(据说储存温度最理想的是13?)。什么时候想喝，就拿出一瓶，也可以在酒液里加一点高度无杂味的白酒(比如二锅头) 自酿葡萄酒注意事项 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 1，各类容器一定要洗干净，葡萄在酿制过程中不能碰到油污、铁器、铜器、锡器等，包括不绣钢制品。 2，在发酵时，发酵容器的盖子一定要盖严，但一定不要盖死，防止爆炸。 3，糖不要多放，那样会影响发酵过程，产生我们不希望的成分，如果想喝甜葡萄酒，可以在发酵完成后饮用时加糖。 4，合理选择容器，葡萄的酿造过程中，不宜与空气过度接触，那样容易使得葡萄汁液氧化，产生有害物质。最好用非金属器皿，比如玻璃瓶、玻璃罐。 5，饮用量控制在50ml左右，饮用时间最好是在睡觉前30min。 6，建议自酿葡萄酒在1-2年内和自己的亲朋好友一起分享完，毕竟并不是专业的酿酒，由于各种因素的制约如果储藏时间太长容易导致酒液出现变质，当然也不排除能酿造出经得住陈年的好酒。 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre