专八听力会话 6大设题点

星期2 Tuesday 6大设 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 点 今日讲堂   会话部分800多词的对话内容，只设5道题。信息量如此之大，考生往往难以把握，给答题也增加了难度。因此，我们通过对历年真题的分析与统计，总结出以下7大设题点，使考生在听的时候，有主有次，有的放矢，重点注意这些设题点，快速准确答题。 一、会话开头 会话的开头部分一般都会引出会话的主题，比较容易设主旨题或细节题，主要考查对会话主题或所涉及场景的把握。 【例1】（07-1） 1. According to Nigel, most problems of air travel are caused by [A] unfavorable weather conditions.[B] airports’ handling capacity.[C] inadequate ticketing service.[D] overbooking. W: Nigel Linge is editor of Business Travel Weekly. Nigel, thanks for being on the show. Now, what kind of problems do airline passengers face nowadays? M: Well, most of the problems are caused by the heavy volume of traffic. You know, all airports have a limit to the number of take-offs and landings they can handle. 【分析】选[B]。录音一开始女士在介绍完男士后,就问男士“乘飞机的旅客如今都面临着什么样的问题”，男士回答说“大多数问题是由交通流量大造成的”。接着进一步阐释说“所有的机场对飞机的起飞和降落次数设限”。这说明机场有限的吞吐量给旅客带来了问题，故[B]为答案。     二、会话结尾 会话结尾往往会涉及会话双方的态度、建议或决定等总结性的内容，而且经常能够进一步体现会话的主题及场景，也是出题者设题时考虑的重点。 【例2】（05-5） 5. The only popular belief that Professor McKay is unable to provide evidence against is [A] old-age sickness. [B] loose family ties. [C] poor mental abilities. [D] difficulties in maths. M: What about the group who studied mathematics?W: Well, that’s a different story. There seems to be no doubt that people find maths more difficult as they grow older. Though, why this is so, I cannot say. 【分析】选[D]。教授做了两组实验，一组学习英语，一组学习数学，在会话结尾当主持人问到数学组的情况时，教授回答随着年龄增加，人们发现数学学起来越来越困难，虽然她也不知道为何如此，因此答案为[D]。     三、会话中的逻辑关系处 会话中经常会涉及到表示并列、转折、因果等逻辑关系的短语或句式，因果、转折等逻辑关系处，这些地方也很受出题人的青睐。 【例3】（08-1） 1. Mary doesn't seem to favour the idea of a new airport because [A] the existing airports are to be wasted. [B] more people will be encouraged to travel. [C] more oil will be consumed. [D] more airplanes will be purchased. W: Well, my real objection to this idea of a new airport is, is the whole thing is so wasteful. I mean, we know we’re currently in fuel crisis, we know that we’ve got to conserve oil and fuel and all the rest of it. And yet here the government seems quite deliberately to be encouraging people to,…to travel, to use, and these jets use a heck of a lot of oil — I mean, it takes a ton of oil, a ton of petrol before one of these big jets even takes off. 【分析】选[C]。女士在提到修建新机场时明确指出自己的观点the whole thing is so wasteful，接着以I mean解释自己有如此看法的原因，目前正面临fuel crisis，我们应该conserve oil and fuel，而飞机的使用会消耗大量原油，这正是Mary反对修建机场的原因，故答案为[C]。     四、会话中举例或列举处 会话中常出现举列或列举的地方也常常是设题的重点，尤其是涉及列举的地方往往是Except，Incorrect题型的设题热点，因此听音时听到such as, two, three，the first, the second, for example等信息词时，应多加留意。 【例4】（05-3） 3. According to Professor McKay's report, [A] family love is gradually disappearing. [B] it is hard to comment on family feeling. [C] more children are indifferent to their parents. [D] family love remains as strong as ever. M: Do you find that young people these days are not as concerned about their parents as their parents were about theirs? W: We have found nothing that suggests that family feeling is either dying or dead. There do not appear to be large numbers of young people who are trying, for example, to have their dear old mother locked up in a mental hospital. 【分析】选[D]。当主持人问到当今年轻人是否不像父母关心他们那样去关心父母，教授说没有证据表明家庭感情正在消失或已经不复存在，并以for example举例说明也没有出现把老母亲锁在精神病院的情况，故答案为[D]。     五、会话中的比较对比处 会话中比较对比处涉及到的是两事物或多事物，客观上能够引起考生的思维混乱，所以容易成为考试的设题点。 【例5】（10-4） 4. During the interview Dr Johnson indicates that [A] greater racial diversity exists among younger populations. [B] both older and younger populations are racially diverse. [C] age diversity could lead to pension problems. [D] older populations are more racially diverse. M: Most of the populations having the greatest racial diversity are younger on average than the populations with greater Caucasian representation. 【分析】[A]、[B]、[D]三项均说的是younger populations和older populations中，民族差异的比较，三项互相矛盾并涉及所有可能的情况，故其中之一为答案，[C]项可直接排除。根据“大多数有着最大民族差异性的人群要比有着较大的白人比例的人群年轻”可以反向推出，年轻的人群中民族差异现象更为明显，故[A]为答案。     六、会话中数字信息处 会话中出现年代、时间、价格等数字信息的地方，也经常被作为设题的一个重点，但要注意，一般都是考查与数字相关的其他细节信息，而单纯考查数字的题目并不常见。 【例6】（10-3） 3. According to Dr Johnson, which place will witness a radical change in its racial makeup by 2025? [A] Maine. [B] Selinsgrove. [C] Philadelphia. [D] California. M: ]From 1990 to 2000, California’s Caucasian population — meaning non-Hispanic whites — declined from 57% to 48%. By 2025, it is predicted, that figure will drop to just 34%, which indicates a future change in the racial composition of California. On the contrary, Maine’s Caucasian population was 98% of its total population throughout the 1990s. And by 2025, Maine’s population will still be 97% Caucasian, which means virtually no change in Maine’s racial diversity over the next 20 or so years. 【分析】录音中提到加利福尼亚州在1990-2000年间，白人人口比例从57%降到48%，预计到2025年会降至34%，而缅因州的白人人口比例在整个90年代保持在98%，到2025年会达到97%，几乎未发生变化。因此加利福尼亚州在2025年之前人种变化是最大的，答案选[D]。     今日练习   Interview 1. Why did the woman choose the family as a focus for her cartoon drawing? [A] Because she feels frustrated with her family life. [B] Because family is always important to her. [C] Because it is familiar and meaningful to her. [D] Because it is the only topic she knows. 2. How did she feel when she signed her first contract? [A] She was thrilled. [B] She was worried. [C] She felt nervous. [D] She had a complicated feeling. 3. Which of the following is NOT a concern of her daughter, a teenager today? [A] Study. [B] Appearance. [C] Friendship. [D] Allowance. 4. People who have both old parents and teenage children have all the following difficulties EXCEPT that [A] they have to be the strongest in the family. [B] they feel guilty to both. [C] they have to organize their parents and argue with their children. [D] they have to find a second job to support their family. 5. According to the woman, what is the most difficult thing about writing cartoon for a daily newspaper? [A] Translation. [B] Idioms. [C] Colloquial expressions. [D] Deadlines. Conversation 1. When and where did the woman learn Chinese? [A] Two years ago in an American university. [B] Three years ago while traveling in Shanghai. [C] Five years ago when studying in Hong Kong. [D] Last year when teaching English in China. 2. The woman tried all the following ways to learn Chinese EXCEPT [A] Learning from her students. [B] Attending Chinese class. [C] Watching Chinese movies. [D] Engaging a Chinese teacher. 3. According to the woman, which experience is simple to her? [A] Learning Chinese vocabulary. [B] Watching Chinese movies every day. [C] Attending intensive language class. [D] Applying what she learned into immediate practice. 4. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT about the woman? [A] She likes her students very much. [B] She is interested in Chinese culture. [C] She is able to order her meal.     [D] She enjoys communicating in Chinese. 5. Which is an advice she gives when learning a foreign language? [A] Do not worry about grammar rules. [B] Use it as often as possible. [C] Read books in the language every day. [D] Do not worry about making mistakes. 答疑解惑   Interview 【听前预测】浏览各题的题干和选项，由关键词family，focus，cartoon drawing，old parents， teenage children，difficult可以推测，该篇对话与录音中女士的漫画写作有关，主要谈论了她 的核心题材——家庭，包括选择家庭的原因，对家人的介绍，对成年人烦恼的讨论等，最后 还谈及了漫画写作中的一些难题。   【听力原文】 M: Many of you are familiar with the very funny cartoon strip For Better or For Worse. Joining us today is the creator of that cartoon strip, Lynn Johnston. Lynn, how did you begin writing cartoons? W: Um, I think out of frustration and, um, just a need to be silly when I was really young. In fact, I found cartoons that my mother had kept from elementary school, ah, doing, ah, almost political gags about the, ah, about the Board of Education in Vancouver. M: Well, why did you choose the family as a focus? W: [1.C]Because it’s something I’m familiar with, and something that probably launches me into more fits of rage, depression, anxiety, joy, and love. All the, the gamut of emotions is there, and some people feel all those things for their job… M: There aren’t many woman cartoonists out there, Lynn. Was it hard for you to break into the business? W: No, not at all. It isn’t hard for you to break into the business if you have specific things that they’re looking for, you know, and it doesn’t matter what gender you are now. I mean, at one time maybe, women had trouble breaking in. I don’t know. I’m… I’ve just been here for the last ten years or so but, em, no, no, I had no problem and the welcome was wonderful… M: Well, that’s great. Now the cartoons you do, are they based on people in your own family? How do they feel about it? W: To begin with, they were based on my family, because I could always draw my family, and, and, I didn’t, ah, apply for this job. It was offered to me, which was amazing. I did some books on pregnancy when I was expecting my son and when he was very small, and ah, the books, ah, three small books ended up at the syndicate, and they wrote to me and asked me if I was interested in trying to do a daily comic strip, and, ah, gosh, I, I just never thought that I had that sort of resource. [2.D]I, I wasn’t thrilled at all. When I signed the contract, they all wanted to go and have dinner, and I went back to the hotel and was sick. I just really never thought that I could do it, and I chose the family because that’s what I knew the best and I could draw my family over and over again. But over the years, the characters have taken on their own, ah, specific, ah, identities and they might have the body language or speech patterns of my own family but the stories are fabricated, the situations are fabricated. M: Do you think that teenagers today have different problems and concerns from your teenage days? W: I think the problems and concerns are the same. I think they’re launched into adulthood much more quickly. I think the kids today are far ahead of us. But, and, and, I, I think that most of the things they’re facing are the same things that we faced. My daughter is fifteen. [3]She worries about her, her hair and her skin and her clothing and her marks and her friendships just as much as I did. M: What are the concerns of people caught in the middle, dealing with both bringing up their children and coping with their aging parents? W: Em,[4.B] I think that there’s guilt on both sides. Especially at, at the stage that, that you’re in at that point when your parents are, are in their seventies and your children are in their late teens — em, you’re, dealing with, with, too, you’re dealing with children who are becoming adults and with parents who are becoming children, and you’re in this state of constant, em, flux. [4.A]You don’t know where you’re going to go or where you’re going to turn, and, you know, you suddenly become the stable, ah, solid rock of the family, and I, I can’t imagine anybody who would ever consider themselves the stable solid rock. We all need a parent or someone we imagine to be more mature or more, uh, knowledgeable than we are. It’s a very difficult time. And, and both of my parents passed away recently, and dealing with all of that was very, very difficult. And I, I think the word “guilt”, you know, comes, comes forward more than anything. You don’t want to put your parents in a nursing home and, [4.C]and at the same time you’re, you’re, arguing with your children about how much freedom to give them, so you’re, you’re, letting go of your children and yet you’re suddenly organizing your parents as if they were children. It was, it was, a very, very tough time. M: I can imagine. Lynn, do your cartoons appear in other countries besides Canada? W: Yeah, em, it’s in quite a few other countries. It’s in, em, oh it’s in Japan and Britain and Australia and Sweden and Germany and Denmark and Italy… M: Fantastic. W: …and Spain and, and Mexico. It’s, it’s really, it’s translated into quite a number of different languages. M: What do you think is the most difficult thing about writing cartoons for a daily newspaper? W: Em,[5.A] I think probably the translation, because I use a lot of colloquial expressions, like "paying through the nose". We know what that means in English, but how does it translate into Japanese? And so the translators really have a, a challenging job, to try and make the comic strip make sense and still have a punch line of some sort. And I know they hire very talented cartoonists and comedy writers in other countries to do this. But, you know, I don't know, I can't speak Danish so I don't know how to translate it into Danish. But I've met the translator and he assures me it's great. M: Well, Lynn.  You're doing a remarkable job and your cartoon strip is enjoyed by millions. Thank you very, very much for spending some time with us today. W: Oh, you're very welcome. Thank you for calling. 【答案解析】 1. 选[C]。细节题。当被问及为什么选择家庭作为自己漫画写作的核心题材时，女士回答说家庭她比较熟悉，而且给她带来各种喜怒哀乐，因此家庭对于她来说是熟悉且有意义的，答案为[C]。 2. 选[D]。细节题。录音中女士说她签订 合同 劳动合同范本免费下载装修合同范本免费下载租赁合同免费下载房屋买卖合同下载劳务合同范本下载 后，一点也不兴奋，而是回到宾馆，病了。并说自己从来没想过能够写漫画，选择家庭只是因为她最了解家庭，能够一遍一遍的描绘自己的家人。可见她当时的感受是很复杂的，家庭对她意味着很多，因此本题答案为[D]。 3. 选[D]。细节题。听音时注意捕捉女士女儿关注的方面并对选项进行排除。录音中女士说她女儿担心自己的头发、皮肤、穿着、成绩以及友谊，就像当年的她一样。因此选项[A] “学习”、[B] “外表”、[C] “友谊”均正确，只有[D] “零花钱”没有提及，故为答案。 4. 选[D]。细节题。录音中女士提到，中年人在赡养老人、抚养孩子方面面临很大的压力，包括对两方都感到愧疚，不得不成为家庭中最坚强的支柱，不得不与孩子们争辩，同时又像照顾孩子一样照顾父母。因此选项[A]、[B]、[C]均正确，只有[D]未提及，为答案。 5. 选[A]。细节题。当被问及给日报社写漫画最困难的是什么时，女士回答说是翻译，因为她使用了很多不规范表达。答案为[A]。   Conversation 【听前预测】浏览各题的题干和选项，由关键词learn，Chinese，ways，experience，simple，advice可以推测，该篇对话谈及的是录音中女士学汉语的经历，包括学习的时间地点，学习方法，个人感受等，最后还提到对于学语言的建议。   【听力原文】 M: Good afternoon, Wynet. W: Good afternoon. M: I understand that you’ve learned at least one other language, ah, is that right? W: That’s true. I’ve learnt two, French and Mandarin Chinese. M: OK, and, ah, how did you learn Mandarin? W: [1.D]I learned Mandarin while I was in the People’s Republic of China. I was there last year teaching English. M: And what made you decide to learn Mandarin while you were in China? Did you have to… W: No, but I wanted to be able to communicate with the people in their own language. M: OK, and how exactly did you go about learning Mandarin? W: [2.A]I began to pick words up from some of my students or while I was out in the market doing shopping, trying to do shopping, [2.B]but then I began to attend a class that was intensive four hours a day to pick up the basics of Chinese which is quite a difficult language. M: And how long did this class go on? W: I attended it for about a month. M: And then what happened? W: Then I learnt most of my Chinese from students who would take me to the market and they would teach me words in Chinese and I would reciprocate by teaching them the English word. [2.D]And I also had a tutor who would teach me about twice a week. M: OK. So you felt the need for some additional, ah, classes? W: Yes. M: OK. What would you say was the most difficult thing about learning Mandarin Chinese? W: For me it was the tones. M: The tones, why was that? W: I don’t have a very good ear for, for tones so it was. I always had to work at getting the right, the right pitch. M: Yes. W: And, which is quite important because you have one pronunciation of a word depending on the tone，otherwise it will be something completely different. It may have four meanings so it’s quite important to get the correct pronunci…or the correct tone. M: And I suppose the grammar and the vocabulary must be very, very different from English. W: Quite different. But actually the grammar is quite simple. You don’t have to worry about different, ah, verb, verb tenses… M: Oh, great. W: So to me that was a welcome relief from French. M: But the vocabulary, a lot of memory work I imagine. W: A lot. Especially if you want to learn the written language. M: [3.D]Was there anything, ah, easy about the, ah, the experience of learning Mandarin Chinese? W: Definitely. Living in the country I was able to take what I was learning in the classroom or from my tutor and go immediately into a situation where I was able to apply it. M: Oh, alright. W: Going to a market to buy my food, to a store to buy some clothes, to buy a train ticket, to go on a journey. M: So you were very motivated then.