动词辨析2

B beat v. 打败,战胜((beat, beaten)) beat sb. (at sth.) 在某方面打败/ 胜过某人 He beats me at chess. 他在下棋方面胜我一筹。 beat sb. 打某人 beat/defeat 一组同义词,它们的宾语必须是人或一个集体,如a team, a class, an school, an army。 defeat尤指在战场上打败敌人;beat是游戏、比赛的专门用词。二者常可换。 eg. We beat their team by 10 points. 我们赢了他们队十分。 In the end their army was defeat/beaten. 最后他们的部队被击(打)败。 win/gain 一组同义词。 gain表示获得需要之物,它常跟的宾语有one’s living, experience, strength, t ime, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration 等; win表示在较强的竞争中取得胜利,它常跟的宾语有game, war, prize, fame, battle等。 eg. We shall gain experience through practice.我们将通过实践获得经验。 They won the battle but lost many men. 他们取得了这次战斗的胜利,但牺牲了很多人。hit 指“打中”或“对准……来打”,着重敲打或打击对方的某一点。 eg:The stone hit him on the head.石头击中了他的头部. become v. 成为,变成 become + 名词He became a doctor at last. become interested in 变得对...感兴趣 其他用法:What becomes/ will become of sb./ sth.? 某人某事的情况如何 eg. What will become if I die? 假如我死了我的孩子会怎么样呢? begin v. 开始 begin to do sth. = begin doing sth. 开始做某事 begin /start with 由...开始 eg. We will begin with you. 从你开始。 eg. The concert(音乐会) began with a piano solo(钢琴独奏). beginning n. 开始at the beginning of 在。。。。的开始 start v开始;n. 开始 start to do sth =start doing sth 开始做某事at the start of 在。。。。的开始 start off 动身,开始活动to start/begin with 第一,首先 end n. 最后,末尾 at the end (of)在(……的)末端eg: At the end of the street you’ll find the hospital. in the end =finally =at last最后,终于eg: In the end she married a singer by the end of 到。。结束时,末尾时(用于完成时) eg: We had studied English for three years by the end of last term end with 以…结束 behave v. 举止,表现behave well/ badly 表现好/ 不好,举止良好/ 不好 believe v. 相信,认为 believe sb. 相信某人说的话eg. I believe him. 我相信他的话。 believe in sb. 相信/ 信任某人eg. I believe in him. 我相信他。 believe sb. + adj. eg. I believe him honest. 我相信他是诚实的。 believe + 从句eg. I believe that he can do the job well. belong v. 属于belong to by prep by + 交通工具乘······交通工具 1)take a/the 交通工具to sp. 乘······交通工具去某地=go to sp. by 交通工具 2)on a bike =by bike 骑自行车on foot 步行 3)on / in + 限定词+交通工具 4)v. +to +sp. e.g. fly to sp. borrow v. 借,借入,借进 borrow sth.( from sb.) 从某地/ 某人处借... borrow a book (from library) lend vt. 借给 lend sth. to sb./lend sb.sth. 把某物借给某人 eg:Excuse me,can I borrow a bike from you?/Can I borrow your bike?我能借你的自行车吗? return v 归还,回到 return to sp = go back to sp 回到某地return sth to sp 把某物还到某地 in return 回报 bow v. 鞠躬bow to 服从bow to sb’s oppinion 屈从某人的 意见 文理分科指导河道管理范围浙江建筑工程概算定额教材专家评审意见党员教师互相批评意见 make a bow 鞠躬take a bow 鞠躬答谢 break v. 打破,违背 break into 闯进break away (from …) (从…)逃脱 break into/ to pieces 碎成片break up with sb. 与某人绝交 break sth. off 突然中断、终止某事物break down 汽车抛锚 break out 突然发生eg. Fire broke out last night. 夜间突然失火了。 break through sth. 克服eg. break through the difficulties 克服困难 breathe v 呼吸注意发音 breath n 呼吸 take a deep breath=breathe deeply 深呼吸breathe in 呼入 breathe out 呼出be short/out of breath 上气不接下气 bring v. 拿来,取来,带来 bring sth. to sb. = bring sb. sth. 把某物带来给某人 bring sb./ sth. (with one) 带着某物或某人来 eg. He always brings a bottle of wine (with him) when he comes to dinner. bring sth./ sb. back 送回某人/ 某物 eg. He brought me back in his car last night. 他昨天晚上开车送我回来的。 Please bring back the book to me tomorrow. 请明天把书带来还我。 bring sb. up 培养,养育 eg. He was brought up by his aunt. 他是被他阿姨养大的。 She brought up five children all together. 她总共抚养了5个儿女。 其他用法:bring about 带来,造成bring about great changes 带来巨大变化 bring in 收获(庄稼等)bring in a good harvest 好收成 build v. 建造,建筑 build sth. build a factory 建厂房 build sth. for sb. = build sb. sth. eg. His father built a model aeroplane for him. = His father built him a model aeroplane. build sth. of/ from/ out of sth. 用...(材料)建造... eg. Birds build their nests out of twigs. 鸟儿用细树枝筑巢。 build sth. up 逐渐建立、增加、增强或发展某事物 build up a big library 逐渐建立一座大的图书馆 其他用法:Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。 burn v. 燃烧,点燃 burn out 烧坏,烧完,烧尽burn down 烧毁 burn away 烧坏,烧掉;(逐渐)消灭,消失 eg. The sunlight has burnt away the haze. 日光使雾消散了。 buy v. 购买,买 buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. sell v 卖 sell out 卖光sell sth. to sb. =sell sb. sth. 卖给某人某物 C call v. 打电话;称作,取名;呼唤,叫喊; 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 ,命令 call sb. =give sb. a cal 给某人打电话call + 电话号码打某个电话号码 call sb. at + 电话号码打某个电话号码找某人 call sb. sth. 把某人称为... call him a walking-dictionary 把他称为活字典 call on sb. 拜访某人call at s.p. 拜访某地 call by 顺便拜访call for 要求,需要eg. Success calls for hard work. 成功需要努力。 call sth. off 取消或放弃某事 call up 回想起This book calls up happy memories of his childhood. 这本书唤起了他对童年幸福的回忆。 called adj. 叫做…的(后置)be called /named 被叫做 care v. 对...在意,对...在意 take care of sb. 照顾take care of sth. 处理,负责 take care to do sth. 小心,当心take care that 小心 care about 关心He doesn’t care about anything we say. care to do sth. 愿意做某事(多用于否定句和疑问句) eg. Would you care to go for a walk? 你愿意去散步吗? carry v. 搬运,携带 carry sth. with sb. 随身携带carry away 运走,拿走 carry back 运回,拿回,使回想起carry into effect 实现,实行 carry on 继续进行eg. We’ll carry on our discussion tomorrow. 明天继续我们的讨论。 carry sth. too far 做的太过分了 catch v. 赶上(车船等),捕获 catch up with sb. in sth. 在某方面追赶上某人 eg. If you don’t work hard, he will catch u p with you in study. 区别:keep up with 跟上,不落后于keep up with him 跟上他 catch sb. doing sth. 逮住某人正在做什么eg. I caught him stealing.我发现他正在偷东西。 catch up sb’s attention/ eyes 引起某人的注意 I was caught in the rain. 我被雨淋了。 catch (a) cold 伤风;catch fire 着火 cause v. 造成,使发生 cause sth. eg. The cat caused this terrible accident. cause sb. sth. eg. The new car caused me a lot of troubles. cause sth. to sb. eg. The new car carsed a lot of troubles to me. cause sb. to do sth. eg. The illness caused him to miss the game. 其他用法:Take care! 当心! chat v. 聊天,闲谈chat with sb. 和某人聊天 cheer v cheer up 使振奋cheer sb up 使某人高兴 check v. 核对,检查check out 检查,核对,核查check in 登记 chop v. 剁,砍,劈chop in 插嘴,多嘴 clean v. 打扫,清除clean sth. up 把...收拾干净 combine v. 结合,组合combine with 和...组合 come v. 来;来到 come after sb. 追赶或追逐某人come back 回来 come from = be from 从...哪里来,来自... come by 从...旁边走过 come down (雨、雪等)落下;(价格)下降 eg. The price of petrol is coming down. 汽油价格正在下跌。 come on 加油come for 为...而来 eg. I am coming for my books which were lent to you last year. 我为了去年借你的那些书而来。(我想要回去年借给你的书) come out 出来;发芽come through 经历(困难等) come to an end 结束come up with sb. 赶上,追上 communicate v. 交流,沟通communicate with sb. 与某人交流 compare v. 比较 compare A and B = compare A with/ to B 加以比较,两者相比较 eg. If you compare her work with his, you will find hers is much better. compare A to B 把A比作B eg. Poets have compared sleep to death. 诗人把睡眠比作死亡。 compare notes (with sb.) 交换意见、观点、看法等 complain v. 抱怨complain to sb. about / at sth. 投诉,抱怨,发牢骚 eg. She often complain to me about her partner. concentrate v. 集中,聚集concentrate on/ upon 集中精力 consider v. 考虑,思考,认为 consider sth. 考虑... consider doing sth. 考虑... eg. I am considering changing my job.我正考虑换个工作。 consider sb./ sth. as 把...当...来对待eg. We consider him as our friend. consider sb./ sth. to be 把...当作... eg. We consider him to be our best friend. continue v. 使继续,坚持下去 to be continued. 未完,待续go on / continue to do sth. 继续做(另一件事) go on / continue doing sth. 继续做(同一件事go on / continue with sth. 继续…… copy v. 复制,抄袭 copy sth. from sb. 抄袭某人的... copy sth. down/ out in/ into sth. 把....抄写在...上eg. The students copied the sums (算术题) down in theirn notebooks.学生把算术题抄在他们的笔记本上。cover v. 覆盖 be covered with sth. 被…覆盖under the cover of 在…的掩护下,以…为幌子 cover up 掩盖,掩饰,隐藏take cover 隐蔽,躲避 criticize v. 批评,批判 criticize sth. eg. He criticized my taking risk. 他批评了我的冒险行为。 criticize sb. for sth. eg. He criticized me for my rudeness. 他因为我的卤莽而批评了我cross v. 穿过,横过,越过cross over sth. 穿过,穿越 注:(1)与across的区别(2)与through的区别 crowd v. 挤满,充满be crowded with 充满eg. The room is crowded with people.屋里挤满了人。cost v. 价值,花费(时间、金钱等) sth. cost sb. some money. 某物花费某人多少钱 eg. This fur coat he bought for his girlfriend last year cost him $4000. cost sb. sth. eg. Careless driving cost him his life. 开车时粗心大意要了他的命。 cut v. 切,割cut sth. for sb. = cut sb. sth. 切...给某人 eg. Please cut a piece of cake for me. = Please cut me a piece of cake. cut sth. from sth. cut off切断cut off the power切断电源cut dow砍倒;删减cut down a tree砍树eg. Your article is too long, please cut it down to 1000 words.你的文章太长了,请把它删件到1000字。 继续阅读