状语从句的省略及要点

状语从句的省略及要点 从属连词( 从属连词(Subordinating Conjunctions) ) 从属连词是用来引起从句的，它在 主句和从句中间起连接作用。 从属连词是用来引起从句的，它在主句和从句中间起连接作 用。 具体地说，从属连词主要引起状语从句。 具体地说，从属连词主要引起状语从句。 时 间状语从句: 时间状语从句:when , whenever ,as , while, before , after, until, till, since, ever since, once, as soon as, every time, the moment, instantly, directly, hardly…when, no sooner…than 地点状语从句: 地点状语从句:where , wherever 原因状语从句: 原因状语 从句:as, because, since, seeing(that) , considering (that) , now that , not that…but that 目的状语 从句: 目的状语从句:that , so that , in order that , lest , for fear that , in case 结果状语从句: 结果状语从句:that , so … that , such … that 条件状语从句: 条件状语从句:if , unless , suppose , supposing ,so/as long as, so far as, on condition(that ) ,provided ( that ) 让步状语从句: 让步状语从句:though , although , no matter , even if , even though , however , whatever,whether 比较状语从句: 方式状语从句: 比较状语从句:than , as 方式状语从句:as , as if , as though 一、从句谓语动词形式错误 1. They came here in order that they explained the matter to us. 2. I won?t believe it until I will have seen it with my own eyes. 3. The girl talks as if she has been to the moon. 4. The man smokes as much as his father 10 years ago. 5. No sooner was he here than I told him about it. 二、从句引导词使用错误 1. When time went on ,his theory proved to be right. 2. Although it rains heavily, we shall still go out. 3. Child although he is, he knows a lot. 4. Because you haven?t prepared it ,we?ll delay our action. 5. There is such little work that such little boys can finish it soon. 三、主状不一错误 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. At the age of five, his father died. To improve your English, reading is necessary . Being a fine day, we went out for a play. While waiting for the bus, my wallet missed. Giving more time, I can do it better. 点击 高考 地理事物空间分布特征语文高考下定义高考日语答题卡模板高考688高频词汇高考文言文120个实词 状语从 句 中的省略 Ellipsis 什么时候可以省略?怎么省略 什么时候可以省略 怎么省略? 怎么省略 1. Don?t speak until you are spoken to . 2. I?ll buy a TV set if it is necessary. spoken to necessary 3.She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone. waiting for someone 4. He was a swimmer when he was a child. a child 5. Though it is cold, he wore a shirt. Though cold, he were a shirt. 6. While I was walking alone in the street, my name was called. While walking alone in the street, my name was called. 7. While Iwalking alone walking alone in the street, was walking the street , I heard my name called. :什么时候可以省略 怎么省略 什么时候可以省略?怎么省略 什么时候可以省略 怎么省略? 在含有状语从句的复合句中若从句的主句是 若从句的主句 是it或与 在含有状语从句的复合句中若从句的主句是 或与 主句的主语相同，且在谓语中 含有be时 主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有 时，常省略从 句的主语和be。 句的主语和 。 1._____________________ (在北京的时候 I paid a visit 在北京的时候), When/While in Beijing 在北京的时候 to the Summer Palace. When/As a young man 当是个年轻人的时候 2. ______________________(当是个年轻人的时候 当是个年轻人的时候), Abraham Lincoln was a storekeeper and a postmaster. 3. He has no money. ______ (要是有的话 he will give us. 要是 有的话), If any 要是有的话 Unless repaired 除非修理 4._____________(除非修理 the machine is of no use. 除非修理), 5. _______________________(要是给更多的关注 The 要是 给更多的关注), If given more attention to 要是给更多的关注 boy could have turned out better. 6. A girl stood at the gate of the school as if _________ _____________________(跟老师讲话 跟老师讲话). talking with a teacher 跟老师讲话 再强调: 再强调:一、 在含有状语从句的 复合句中 1.when，while，as, once，whenever引导的时 1. ， ， ， 引导的时 间状语从句; 间状语从句; 引导的条件状语从句; 2.if，unless引导的条件状语从句; ， 引导的条件 状语从句 3.though，although，even if ，even though引 3. ， ， 引 导的让步状语从句; 导 的让步状语从句; 4.as 引导的方式状语从句; 4. though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句; ， ， 引导的方式状语从句 wherever引导的地点状语从句 5. wherever引导的地点状语从句 若从 句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同， 若从句的主句是 或与主句的主语相同，且在 或与主 句的主语相同 谓语中含有be时 常省略从句的主语和be。 谓语中含有 时，常省略从句的 主语和 。 He shook his head as if (he was going) to say: “Don?t trust her”. 1. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in as if he was going to see whether the right direction. (NMET 2003 安徽春 安徽春) A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see 引导的方式状语从句中应用的较多. :省略在As if引导的方式状语从句中 应用的较多. 省略在As if引导的方式状语从句中应用的较多 1. Tom raised his hand as if (he was going) to say ______________________ something.好象要说什么 _______ (好象要说什么 好象要说什么) 2. He acted as if (he was) a好象他是个傻瓜 fool. ___________(好象他是个傻 瓜 好象他是个傻瓜) __________(好象生气了 好象生气了) 3. She left the room hurriedly as if( she was)好象生气了 angry. ____________________________ 4.He stared at the girl as if (he was) seeing her for the first time. ________(好象是第一次看到她 好象是第一次看到她) 好象 是第一次看到她 5.The player is rolling on the ground ______________ as if (he was ) hurt badly. _______(好象严重受伤了 _______(好象严重受伤了). 好象严重受伤了). ___________________________ 6. He opened the drawer as if (he was )in search of something important. ___________(好象在寻找重要的东西 好象在寻找重要的东西) 好象在寻找重要 的东西 : as if用于省略句中,如果as if 引导的从句 if用于省略句中 如果as 用于省略句中, 主语，系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词， 是“主语，系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词， 这样as 后就只剩下不定式 名词、形容词( 不定式、 这样as if 后就只剩下不定式、名词、 形容词(短 )、介词短语 分词。 介词短语或 语)、介词短语或分词。 高考链接: 1. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (NMET 2004全国卷 全国卷 II) 全国卷 A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss. (NMET 2004全国卷 全国卷IV) 全国卷 A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned 3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction. (NMET 2003 安徽春 安徽春) A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see 4. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (NMET2003上海卷 上海卷) 上海卷 A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D.when to be taken 5. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (NMET 2003上海春 上海春) 上 海春 A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 6. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year. (NMET 2002上海春 上海春) 上海春 A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 7. Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to university. (NMET 2002上海卷 上海卷) 上海卷 A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in 8. _____told to stop, the excited children kept on talking in class, so I got angry. A. As B.When C.While D. Though 1.地点状语从句 地点状语从句通常由 地点状语 从句 地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。 引导。 Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。 我住的地方树很多。 Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在 哪里我都会想到你。 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。 2.方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由 (just) as…so…, 方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由as, as if, as though引导。 引导。 引导 1) as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于 ) 引导的方式状语从句通常位于 主句后， 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时 结构中位于句首， 主句后，但在 结构中位于句 首 as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是“正如 从句带有比喻的含义， 从句带有比喻的含义 意 思是“正如…”，“就像”， ， 就像” 多用于正式文体，例如: 多用于正式文体，例如: Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。 你希望人 家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。 As water is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气， 我们 离不开空气， 我们离不开空气 犹如鱼儿离不开水。 犹如鱼儿离不开水。 Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要 正如打扫房屋一样， 正如打扫房屋一样 扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。) 扫除我们头脑中落 后的东西。) 2) as if, as though ) 两者的意义和用法相同， 两者的意义和用法相同，引 出的状语从句谓语多用虚 拟语气， 拟语气， 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气， 表示 与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事 实或实现 的可能性较大。汉译常作 仿 佛 仿佛……似的 ，"好像 似的"， 好像 好像……似 的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛 似的 似 的"，例如: ，例如: They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不 存在似的。 (与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。) 与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。) He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反， 。(与事实相反 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟 语气) 语气 It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大， 。(实 现的可能性较大 看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大， 说明: 谓语用陈述语 气。) 说明:as if / as though也可以引导 也可以引导 一个分词短语、 短语或无动词短语， 例如: 一个分词短语、不定式 短语或无动词短语，例如: He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一 次看见我似的。 He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。 他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。 The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.波涛冲击着 波 涛冲击着 岩石，好像很愤怒。 岩石，好像很愤怒。 3 原因状语从句 比较: 比较:because, since, as和for 和 1)because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因， ) 语势最强， 语势 最强 用来说明人所不知的原因， 回答why提出的问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 。当原因是显而易见的或已为 提出 的问题。 回答 提出的问题 人们所知，就用as或 人们所知，就用 或 since。 。 I didn„t go, because I was afraid. Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 号， ) 引导的从句如果放在句末， 引导的从句如 果放在句末 则可以用for来代替 但如果不是说明直接原因， 来代替。 则可以用 来代替。 但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种 情况加以推断，就只能用for。 情况加以推断，就只 能用 。 He is absent today, because / for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today. 4. 目的状 语从句 表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, 表示目的状语的从句可以由 lest, for fear that, in case等词引导，例如: 等词引导， 等词引导 例如: You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 5 .结果状语从句 结果状语从句 结果状语从句常由so… that 或 such…that引导， 引导， 结果状语从句常由 引导 掌握这 两个句型，首先要了解so 掌握这两个句型，首先要了解 和 such与其后的 与其后的 词的 搭配规律。 词的搭配规律。 比较: 和 比较: so和 such 其规律由so与 的不同词性决 定。 是形容词， 其规律由 与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词， 的不同词性决定 修 饰名词或名词词组， 是副词， 修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或 副词。 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, 副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词 little连用， 形成固定搭配。 连用， 连用 so foolish such a fool so nice a flower such a nice flower so many / few flowers such nice flowers so much / little money. such rapid progress so many people such a lot of people 已成固定搭配， ( so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many， ， 为 名词性的，只能用such搭配。) 搭配。) 但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用 搭配 so…that与 such…that之间的转换既为 so与such之间 与 之间的转换既为 与 之间 的转换。 的转换。 The boy is so young that he can't go to school. He is such a young boy that he can't go to school. 6. 条件状语从句 连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。. if 引导的条件句 有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。 非 真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。 非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。 unless = if not. Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk. 7 .让步状 语从句 1) though, although 让步状语从句 ) 注意: 当有though, although时，后面的从 句不能有 注意: 当有 时 but，但是 though 和yet可连用 ， 可连用 Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。 虽然在下雨，但他们 仍在地里干活。 He is very old, but he still works very hard. 虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。 虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。 Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 伤口虽 愈合，但伤疤留下了。 谚语) 伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。 (谚语) 典型例题 ___she is young, she knows quite a lot. A. When B. However C. Although D. Unless 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 : 。意为虽然她 很年轻，却知道许多。 答案:C。意为虽然她很年轻，却知道许多。 as, though 引导的倒 装句 as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前 引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前 形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。 (形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。 Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. = Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.注意: a. 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 注意: 句首名词不能带 任何冠词。 注意 b. 句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。 句首是实义动词，其他助 动词放在主语后。 如果实义动词有宾语和状语， 如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词 一起放在主语之前 satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems… 虽然他尽了努力， 但他的工作总做的不尽人意。 虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。 3) ever if, even though. 即使 We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 4) whether…or- 不管 不管…… 都 都 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 2) 5) "no matter +疑问词 或"疑问词 后缀 疑问 词" 疑问词+后缀 疑问词 疑问词 后缀ever" No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. 替换: 替换:no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 注意: 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。 注意:no matter 不能引 导主语从句和宾语从句。 (错)No matter what you say is of no use now. (对)Whatever you say is of no use now. (Whatever you say是主语从句 是主语从句) 是主语从句 (错)Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given, (对)Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given. 8. 比 较 比较while, when, as 1)as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。 ) 引导短暂性动作的动词。 Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 2)当从句的动作发生于主句 动作之前，只能用 )当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不 可用as 引导这个从句，不可用 或 while。 。 When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 3)从句表示 随时间推移 连词能用 ，不用 随时间推移"连词能用 )从句表示"随时 间推移 连词能用as，不用when 或while。 。 As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日 子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。 9 .比较 比较until和till 比较 和 此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时” 此两个连词意义 相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”， 动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的 意思是“直至某时才做某事” 动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某 事” 动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。 动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。 正确使用这两个 连词的关键之一 就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。 就在于判断句中的动词该 用肯定式还是否定式。 肯定句: 肯定句: I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。 等着我叫你。 在肯定句中可用 before代替 Let's get in the wheat before the sun (在肯定句中可用 代替 sets.) ) 否定句: 否定句: She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock. 她直到6点才到 点才到。 她直到 点才到。 Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。 直到你教我后，我才 会做。 1)Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 可用于句首， 通常不用于句首。 可 用于句首 通常不用于句首 Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告 诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。 直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。 2)Until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。 疑问句中， 要放在句首。 要放在句首 ---Until when are you staying? 你呆到什么时候, 你呆到什么时候, --- Until next Monday. 呆到下 周一。 呆到下周一。 注意:否定句可用另外两种句式表示。 注意:否定句可用另外两种 句式表示。 (1)Not until …在句首，主句用倒装。 在句首， ) 在句首 主句用倒装。 Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到19 世纪初，人类才知 道热能是什么。 直到 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到我开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。 直到我 开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。 (2) It is not until… that… 10 .表示 一…就…" 的结构 表示"一 就 表示 的结构 hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than 都可以表 示“ 的意思， 和as soon as都可以表示“一…就…”的意思，例: 都可以表示 就 的意思 I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. As soon as I got home, it began to rain. 注意:如果 置于句首， 注意:如果hardly, scarcely 或 no sooner置于句首， 置于句首 必须用倒装结构: 句子 必须用倒装结构: Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 链接其他 省略 1. --- You should have thanked her before you left. --- I meant ________, but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere. A. to do B. B to C. doing D. doing it 2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________. A. A not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 3. --- I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? ---Not at all. ________. A. I've no time B. I'd rather not C. I'd like it D. D I'd be happy to 动词不定式的 省略:在同一句或联系紧密的对话里， 动词不定式的省略 在同一句或联系紧密的对话里， 常把 在同一句或联系紧密的对话里 不定式to后内容相同的部分省略 只保留to。 后内容 相同的部分省略， 不定式 后内容相同的部分省略，只保留 。 1. -----Are you a sailor? ----- No, but I _______ A. am not B. used to C. used to be D.used to being 2. -----Why didn?t you take part in my birthday party yesterday? -----I_________, but I had an unexpected guest. A. would like to B. would like to have C.should D.wouldn?t like to 如果不定式中含有be, have, have been通常 保留 如果不定式中含有 通常保留 be,have和have been 和 1.--- Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend? --- ________. A. I don't believe B. I don't believe it C. I believe not so D. I believe not 2. ----The boys are not doing a good job at all,are they? -----______________.(„03 北 京春招 北京春招) A. I guess not so B. I didn?t guess C. I don?t guess so D. I guess not :在I?m afraid,I think, I believe, I m guess等开头的作答句中 后面跟so 等开头的作答句中， hope, I guess等开头的作答句中，后面跟so 与 分别用于肯定或否定宾语是， not 分别用于肯定或 否定宾语是，宾语从句可省 去。 1. ---What do you think made Mary so upset? ---________her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C C. Losing D. Because of losing 2. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and________. A. the other is white B. another white C. C the other white D. another is white 3. --- Would you like some wine? --- Yes, just ________. C A. little B. very little C. a little D. a few :主、谓、宾等成分的省略 主 在英语情景会话中，答语常常 省略不会引起歧义 在英语情景会话中， 的主语、谓语或宾语部分， 的主语、谓语或宾语 部分，而只保留对方希望了 解的内容。在复合句或并列句中，也有省略主、 解的内容。在 复合句或并列句中，也有省略主、 宾的情况。 谓、宾的情况。 When ______ help, one often says “thank you.” or “It is kind of you”. A. offering B. to offer C. To be offered D. offered