中国古代最著名的书法家

中国古代最著名的书法家 中国古代的最著名书法家 1、王羲之(303-361，一说321-379) 投资王羲之书法要学习书法史，将他的书法和两汉、西晋书法相比较，可以发现王羲之书风最明显特征 是用笔细腻，结构多变。 王羲之最大的成就在于增损古法，变汉魏质朴书风为笔法精致、美仑美奂的书体。草书浓纤折中，正书 势巧形密，行书遒劲自然，总之，把汉字书写从实用引入一种注重技法，讲究情趣的境界。 他的行草书又被世人尊为“草之圣”。没有原迹存世，但法书刻本甚多。有章草《豹奴帖》、《十七日帖》、《寒切帖》，小楷《黄庭经》、《乐毅论》、《东方朔画赞》。王羲之的传世墨迹可以让你对“精彩绝伦” 四个字有深刻的体会。 2、王献之(344,386) 收藏鉴定王献之书法可将其和王羲之比较，父子在书法上各有千秋，羲以真行为显，献则以行草为能。“二王”最有创新意义和存在价值的，是其流美飘逸的行草书。王献之不为其父所囿，别创新法，英俊豪迈， 自成一家，令人刮目相看。可惜天妒其才，42岁就过早病卒。 王献之有章草《七月二日帖》，其小楷书以《洛神赋十三行》为代 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf ，用笔外拓，结体匀称严整，如大 家闺秀，姿态妩媚雍容。其行书以《鸭头丸帖》最著。 3、张旭(675,750,) 张旭的书法以草书成就最高。他自己以继承“二王”传统为自豪，字字有法，另一方面又效法张芝草书之艺， 创造出潇洒磊落、变幻莫测的狂草，其状惊世骇俗。 辽宁省博物馆藏有《草书古诗四首》墨迹本，传为张旭狂草之作。通篇笔画丰满，绝无纤弱浮滑之笔。 行文跌宕起伏，动静交错，满纸如云烟缭绕，实乃草书颠峰之篇。 4、颜真卿(709,785) 颜真卿的楷书一反初唐书风，行以篆籀之笔，化瘦硬为丰腴雄浑，结体宽博而气势恢宏，骨力遒劲而气概凛然，这种风格也体现了大唐帝国繁盛的风度，并与他高尚的人格契合，是书法美与人格美完美结合 的典例。 他的书体被称为“颜体”，与柳公权并称“颜柳”，有“颜筋柳骨”之誉。其楷书熔铸古今，传世墨迹有《祭侄文稿》、《刘中使帖》、《自书告身帖》等。雄浑豪迈，一幅盛唐气象。特别是《祭侄文稿》，其原迹藏台湾故宫博物院。写得凝重峻涩而又神采飞动，笔势圆润雄奇，姿态横生，纯以神写，得自然之妙。 颜真卿的传世书迹极多，这值得收藏家和投资者重视，或许在民间会有新的发现，但要认真辨伪。 5、怀素(公元737,,) 投资怀素书法作品，鉴定时要了解他的风格并非全部相同，大致可分为3种:一是尚未完全摆脱前人作风的:如圣母、食鱼、苦荀、藏真、诸帖，保留晋法甚多，圣母帖且多有颜真卿作风。二是他自成一家 的作品，如《清净经》、《四十二章经》、《自叙帖》(堪称 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 的怀素书)。三是循和平澹的书风，如小 草千字文，与其狂肆作风大异其趣，完全换过一番面目，也可说是他过人之处。 鉴定时还可参照唐代文献中有关怀素的记载，如:“运笔迅速，如骤雨旋风，飞动圆转，随手万变，而法 度具备”。 怀素的狂草千变万化，下笔连绵不绝，鼓荡而下，又不离魏晋法度。如《自叙帖》、《食鱼帖》、《苦笋帖》。他与张旭比肩，合称“颠张狂素”。其《圣母帖》、《小草千字文》，则冲和雍雅，尚有几分章草 意味，可窥其草法变化之来源。 6、苏轼(1037-1101) 鉴定苏轼书法特点要把握两点:一是用笔多取侧势，二是结体扁平稍肥。这与他握笔的姿势也很有关系，苏轼执笔为“侧卧笔”，即毛笔侧卧于虎口之间，类似于现在握钢笔的姿势，故其字右斜，扁肥，代表作有 《黄州寒食诗帖》、《新岁展庆帖》等。 苏轼绝大部分的字都相当平实、朴素;虽然外形左低右高的特征和较为整齐的章法自李北海处来，但一股汪洋浩荡的气息是他个人的特点，就像他渊厚的学问一样。神龙变化不可测，他偶露一下手笔的《黄州寒食诗帖》就已惊天动地了，书法用笔、墨色也随着诗句语境的变化而变化，跌宕起伏，气势不凡而 又一气呵成，达到“心手相畅”、几近完美的境界。 黄庭坚将苏轼书法分为早、中、晚三个时期:早年姿媚、中年圆劲、晚年沉著。 其代表作有《天际乌云帖》、《洞庭春色赋》、《中山松醪赋》、《春帖子词》、《爱酒诗》、《寒食 诗》、《蜀中诗》、《醉翁亭记》等。 7、黄庭坚(1045-1105) 字鲁直，号山谷道人，涪翁，世称“黄山谷”。黄庭坚书法的最大特点是重“韵”，持重风度，写来疏朗有致，如郎月清风，书韵自高。苏书尚天趣，黄书尚韵味;黄书结体取纵势。他与苏轼一起将宋代书法的人文 气推向高峰。 他的行书，如《松风阁》、《苏轼寒食诗跋》，用笔如明代冯班《钝吟杂录》所讲:“笔从画中起，回笔 至左顿腕，实画至右住处，却又跳转，正如阵云之遇风，往而却回也。” 他的起笔处欲右先左，由画中藏锋逆入至左顿笔，然后平出，“无平不陂”，下笔着意变化;收笔处回锋藏 颖。善藏锋，注意顿挫，以“画竹法作书”给人以“沉着痛快”的感觉。 其结体从柳公权的楷书得到启发，中宫收紧，由中心向外作辐射状，纵伸横逸，如荡桨、如撑舟，气魄宏大，气宇轩昂。其个性特点十分显著，学他的书法就要留心于点画用笔的“沉着痛快”和结体的舒展大度。 黄庭坚书法博采众长，结体中宫紧凑而外围宽博，用笔左右纵横，如摇双橹。 其代表作有《书李白忆旧游诗帖》、《诸上座帖》、《松风阁诗卷》、《花气蕉人诗帖》等。《花气蕉人诗帖》笔势苍劲，拙胜于巧，肥笔有骨，瘦笔有肉，“变态纵横，劲若飞动”。其美韵不亚于行楷书。 黄庭坚的草书书法，深得张旭、怀素草书飞动洒脱的神韵，而又有自己的风格。用笔紧峭，瘦劲奇崛， 气势雄健，结体变化多端。 8、米芾(1051-1107) 米芾的书法在继承“二王”书法传统上下过苦功，能够登堂入室。真、草、隶、篆、行都能写，而尤以行草书见长。他自称“刷字”，是指他用笔迅疾而劲健，尽兴尽势尽力，追求“刷”的韵味、气魄、力量，追求自然。他的书法作品，大至诗帖，小至尺牍、题跋都具有痛快淋漓，欹纵变幻，雄健清新的特点，快刀利 剑的气势。 米芾的功力是最深厚的，由唐人而上溯魏晋、更上溯战国，形成他独特的精彩生动、跳跃逸宕的笔法，将其为人的性情与写字时的感受发挥无遗。米芾用笔如画竹，喜“八面出锋”，正侧藏露，长短粗细，体态 万千。结字也俯仰斜正，变化极大，并以欹侧为主，表现了动态的美感。 米芾的代表作有《论草书帖》、《苕溪诗卷》、《蜀素帖》、《珊瑚帖》、《拜中岳命诗》、《虹县诗 帖》等。 9、蔡襄(1012-1067) 世人评蔡襄行书第一，小楷第二，草书第三。与苏轼、黄庭坚、米芾，共称“宋四家”。 蔡襄为人忠厚正直，知识渊博。他的字“端劲高古，容德兼备”。《颜真卿自书告身跋》得鲁公笔法而修于 鲁公书，可为楷则。 蔡襄书法得力于二王、颜、柳，作品有《万安桥记》、《扈从帖》、《思咏帖》、《入春帖》等。 10、赵佶(1082,1135) 北宋末年的宋徽宗皇帝赵佶虽说政治昏庸，惑于道术，却是艺事超群，书画兼精。 他的书作笔致清朗，点画瘦劲俊美，飘飘乎宛若仙风道骨，真如不食人间烟火。这种书风的形成，除了 他在书法方面确有功力外，大概和他精神上对于道教的向往，也不无关系。 他的书法，早年学薛稷、黄庭坚，参以褚遂良诸家，出以挺瘦秀润，融会贯通，变化二薛(薛稷、薛曜)，形成自己的风格。特点是瘦直挺拔，横画收笔带钩，竖划收笔带点，撇如匕首，捺如切刀，竖钩细长; 有些连笔字像游丝行空，已近行书。 宋徽宗崇尚艺术，是历史上最著名的皇帝书画家，其所创书体“瘦金书”，顿挫有致，挺秀清雅，别具一格， 代表作有《瘦金千字文》、《草书千字文》、《草书团扇》等。 11、赵孟頫(1254,1322) 赵孟頫尊崇王羲之，一生不改其姿势。其作品清秀遒劲，前后一贯，没有丝毫畏缩不前的迹象。其书画兼善，书法则诸体皆工，尤以楷书和章草见长，代表作有《胆巴碑》、《七绝》、《兰亭十三跋》等。 12、文徵明(1470—1559) 文徵明书法各体无一不精，尤其以行书、楷书为人所称道，在当时名重海内外，并且因为他享年高寿(将 近90岁)、年高望重，门生有多，对后世产生了极大的影响。 文徵明的小楷特别精细工整，主要来源于钟繇、王羲之、王献之和虞世南、褚遂良、欧阳询，法度谨严、笔锋劲秀、体态端庄，风格清秀俊雅，晚年80岁以后的小楷，尤其见功夫。其行书主要学王羲之《圣教序》，运笔遒劲流畅，晚年大字学黄庭坚，风格变得苍劲秀逸。他的传世墨迹很多，有小楷《前后赤壁赋》、《顾春潜图轴》、《离骚经九歌册》;行书有早期的《南窗记》，中期的《诗稿五种》，晚期的 《西苑诗》。 文徵明的所有作品都笔笔工整，即使是快到90岁时也是如此，这在我国书法家中是极为少见的。这是鉴 定他的作品的重要特征。 13、董其昌(1555,1636) 书法至董其昌，可以说是集古法之大成，“六体”和“八法”在他手下无所不精，在当时已“名闻外国，尺素短札，流布人间，争购宝之。”(《明史?文苑传》)。当时士子皆学董其昌的妍美、软媚，清初的书坛为董其 昌笼罩。 董其昌的书法以行草书造诣最高，用笔精到，能始终保持正锋，作品中很少有偃笔、拙滞之笔;用墨也非常讲究，枯湿浓淡，尽得其妙;风格萧散自然，古雅平和，或与他终日性情和易，参悟禅理有关。其许多作品行中带草，有的作品用笔有颜真卿率真之意，体势有米芾的侧欹，而布局得杨凝式的闲适舒朗， 神采风韵似赵孟俯，轻捷自如而风华自足。 董其昌法唐而入晋，用笔有弹性，显韵致，代表作《蜀素帖》、《丙辰论画册》、《答客难卷》、《临 古卷》等。 14、祝允明(1460,1526) 他的书法鉴定要点是:结体上大小相间，修长合度，引领管带，疏密成趣。纵观全卷，神采似行云流水，飞动自然，形迹如行立坐卧，意态朴素。其得意之作是《太湖诗卷》，《箜篌引》和《赤壁赋》，流利洒脱、奔放不羁。《名山藏》说:“允明书出入晋魏，晚益奇纵，为国朝第一。”他的《白马篇》草书，下笔变化丰富，行笔沉着痛快，信手而作，随意而行。正如王世贞在《艺苑卮言》里所说，祝允明草书“变 化出入，不可端倪，风骨烂漫，天真纵逸”。 15、徐渭 收藏投资徐渭书法值得注意的是，其书法方圆兼济，轻重自如，笔墨纵横，貌似狂放不羁，其实暗含秩 序，为后来书家效法，代表作有《草书七言律诗》、《草书诗卷》等。 说到徐渭，人们很容易将他的艺术风格与大气磅礴、粗头乱服联系起来。然而其论书则崇尚“古而媚，密 而散”。恣肆与姿媚，可以说是徐渭风格的独特结合。 16、王铎(1592—1652) 王铎字觉斯，号嵩樵，又号痴庵。他是书法史上的革新人物，但他对传统的继承也是极有功力的。有专家说:“看惯了自文徵明乃至董其昌那些明智而宁静的大人技艺的人们，一见到王铎的作品，就好像正在 享受悦耳的轻音乐一般。” 戴明皋在《王铎草书诗卷跋》中说:“元章(米芾)狂草尤讲法，觉斯则全讲势，魏晋之风轨扫地矣，然风 樯阵马，殊快人意，魄力之大，非赵、董辈所能及也。” 17、朱耷(1626,1705) 原名统，又名朱耷，号八大山人、雪个、个山等。鉴定他的书法最好了解一下他的绘画，因为他书法与其绘画风格相似，极为简练，到晚年喜用秃笔，一变锐利的笔势而变成浑圆朴茂的风格。最初，八大山 人受欧阳询的影响很深，稍后学董其昌的行草，又转入黄庭坚的夸张开阔等，多方探索，再追寻魏晋人书法的气质，终于参用篆书笔法，形成自己独特的风格:中锋圆润，又婉约多姿且厚重浑成，富有晋人 气度。他的书法的成就，主要是笔法的改变。 18、金农(1687,1764) 原名司农，字寿门，号东心。居于扬州八怪之首。诗文书画金石皆精。鉴定他的书法要点是:他的隶书早年是“墨守汉人绳墨”的，具有朴素简洁风格，但是到了50岁既负盛名之后，有意“骇俗”，树立了横画粗，直画细，左撇收笔尖锐的一种前人未踏过的风格，这种带有严厉面貌的字体，似乎是他心怀的直接 表白，天真中见孤高严峻。 其代表作《漆书条幅》是金农融合《国山碑》、《天发神谶碑》等书法名作，创出了以质拙朴厚为体、楷书中杂有隶意、个性极强的作品，自称“漆书”。他写“漆书”用重墨，横粗竖细，直笔多，曲笔少，形同 漆匠用扁刷刷出来的笔画。 19、邓石如(1743-1805) 邓石如，安徽休宁人，原名琰，字石如，号顽伯，完白山人，因避清仁宗名讳，故以字行。时人对邓石如的书艺评价极高，称之“四体皆精，国朝第一”，他的书法以篆隶最为出类拔萃，而篆书成就在于小篆。他的小篆以斯、冰为师，结体略长，却富有创造性地将隶书笔法糅合其中，大胆地用长锋软毫，提按起伏，大大丰富了篆书的用笔，特别是晚年的篆书，线条圆涩厚重，雄浑苍茫，臻于化境，开创了清人篆 书的典型，对篆书一艺的发展作出不朽贡献。 其隶书则从长期浸淫汉碑的实践中获益甚多，能以篆意写隶，又佐以魏碑的气力，其风格自然独树一帜。楷书并没有从唐楷入手，而是追本溯源，直接取法魏碑，多用方笔，笔画使转蕴涵隶意，结体不以横轻竖重、左低右高取妍媚的方法而求平正，古茂浑朴，与时俗馆阁体格格不入，表现出勇于探索的精神。 其代表作《篆书唐诗联句》现藏于北京故宫博物院。该作用笔灵活，同“二李”的篆书有明显区别，不再是那种粗细一致，结构严整的“铁线篆”、“玉箸篆”，结构疏朗，刚而不火、静而不板，笔力千钧，具有阳刚 之美，是一件不可多得的邓氏佳作。 20、翁同酥(1830—1904年) 字叔平，号松禅，晚号瓶庵居士。翁同工诗、书，兼作画，以书法名世，著有《瓶庐诗文稿》等。翁同和擅写楷书、行书、隶书，学书从颜体入手，上溯苏轼、米芾，又借鉴清代翁方钢、钱南园等学颜名家成果，所作书淳厚宽博，当年杨守敬《学书迩言》评其书法为:“松禅学颜平原，老苍之至，同治、光绪间推为天下第一，询不诬也。”评价之高，由此可见。晚年更沉浸于汉魏，偶作八分，不矜才使气自成家 数。 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 中国现代(当代)的最著名书法家有: 王镛 王孟友 王冬龄 王学岭 王宝贵 王荣生 王家新 方延年 申万胜 叶培贵 田伯平 白煦 包俊宜 吕如雄 朱关田 朱守道 旭宇 伦杰贤 李一 刘一闻 刘文华 刘洪彪 刘新德 纪光明 孙宝发 李啸 李翔 李才旺 李刚田 李有来 李运熙 李京盛 李尚才 李洪义 李荣海 杨西湖 杨明臣 杨炳延 吴竞 吴雪 吴东民 吴建贤 张杰 张虎 张海 张继 张森 吴善璋 吴震启 邱振中 何应辉 何满宗 张戈 张书范 言公达 宋华平 宋富盛 张业法 张本义 张仲亭 张传凯 张旭光 张志和 张良勋 张坤山 张建会 张明明 张桂光 张景岳 陈加林 陈永正 陈秀卿 陈奋武 陈洪武 陈振濂 陈新亚 陈羲明 邵秉仁 武春河 苗再新 苗培红 范 硕 郁志桐 罗 杨 周永健 周志高 周俊杰 周祥林 宗家顺 赵长青 赵学敏 赵彦良 胡抗美 段成桂 洪厚甜 洪铁军 贺中祥 袁守启 聂成文 夏昌谦 顾亚龙 徐利明 高庆春 郭伟 郭永利 唐云来 黄惇 康庄 崔廷瑶 康新民 梁永琳 梁清章 彭利铭 喻贵森 曾来德 蒯宪 雷珍民 韩清波 鲍贤伦 管峻 蔡祥麟 翟万益 熊伯齐 薛 铸 戴小京 魏哲 孙晓云 李静 宋慧莹 张改琴 林岫 郭雅君 詹冰莹 沈鹏 欧阳中石.....待增...... 著名书法经纪人“王忆”为方便广大书法书法家、需求者，很好的互动交流，特公布他所熟知的著名书 法家名单，以便为大家牵线搭桥，为中国书法健康的发展作出贡献。王忆先生还特意强调，所作牵线搭 桥均属免费，意在推动书法事业发展。 名人题词与书法题字包括: 名人题字，出书题字、展览题字，牌匾题字、楼宇题字、广告题字，艺术签名 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 ，楷书、行书、草 书、隶书、篆书自选，大幅书法、壁画加工、定制。 名人题词与书法题字形式: 楹联题字、条幅题字、条屏题字、挑山题字、对联题字、横幅题字、长卷题字、扇面题字、中堂题字、 斗方题字、镜心题字......装裱材料有:绫、捐、锦，卡纸等各类镜框，均可装裱。 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.