旅游地理纳西古乐（Naxi ancient music Tourism Geography）

旅游地理纳西古乐（Naxi ancient music Tourism Geography） 旅游地理纳西古乐(Naxi ancient music Tourism Geography) "Naxi ancient music" concept In 1995 formally proposed xuanke wrote "Naxi ancient music" concept, after the term only occasionally in individual seminar. Xuanke was defined as "Naxi ancient music" is composed of baishaxiyue and Dongjing music. With the music show the success of the party, the concept became known, and enter the text of the inscription for the declaration of the government of Lijiang, which caused a lot of controversy. According to local records, Lijiang area loose Music Group (Ancient Music) at least a hundred years of history. First, some local performances such as "loose talk", "Huang will often show the spread in the folk" music ", from the beginning of the Republic, after the founding of the cultural revolution, had experienced three fall three. Earlier reports said "Lijiang Chinese Dayan Naxi ancient music in xuanke efforts in February 23, 1980 reconstruction", and provides another way of saying Wu Xueyuan: he said that the town of ancient music will be reconstructed to May 1980. Then he and the then Lijiang area art museum curator Lan Wei, Niu Weijiong, and Zhang Kuiguan called Ling Han, Yang Houkun and other artists on initiatives to organize team play, save the music data, "one, because the name" music "feudal superstition too, I said to be called" Lijiang music ". It will cause the public security departments of the intervention; two, when not singing" Wenchang big hole "in Dongjing scriptures, can according to the old traditional singing poetry; three, the past will in Dongjing height, wearing a" molecular "hat of many people, these people do not participate in." "The town of Lijiang was in the name of ancient music" and not "crown in Naxi" two words, these two words are xuanke after 1990 added -- in the original Naxi chieftains Mu compound formed up, the person in charge of the first best is Niu Weijiong. At that time all the members brought their own dry food and took turns to gather and kill time. Wu Xueyuan said xuanke until 1984 to participate in the activities of ancient music will gradually, after 1986 is an important turning point, when the opening of Lijiang, some foreign scholars gradually, cultural tourist track American Explorer Joseph Locke sixty years ago to Lijiang, and the National Geographic on the footprint of Rock from February 1922 to Chinese, by the Yunnan Simao immigration to Lijiang living in the vicinity of Lijiang, more than 20 years, his book "China southwest ancient Naxi kingdom", "the life of Naxi people and culture" in foreign countries has great influence. The town of ancient music will start regularly in the hotel and cultural performances, they had 99% of the audience are foreigners. More than one year people are mentioned at this time have used stencil xuanke English leaflets, he also said he is a printed map, and then ride a bike to the streets to distribute to foreign visitors. 1987 xuanke Dayan ancient music will become president, then their opening when the ticket price is 4 yuan. Xuanke English and communication skills come into play, because often the band to half the audience gradually out of the situation, forced to think a way, each playing a piece of music he went up in Chinese, Naxi language and English talk show three". In September 1993, Dayan ancient music will to perform in Beijing, the relevant departments in Yunnan province for 160 thousand yuan special funds. An interesting detail is that when they hit the brand or "Lijiang Dongjing music", in 1995, officially put their organizational performance xuanke called "Naxi ancient music". The 1996 earthquake to outlying Lijiang a famous Chinese and foreign, Old Town of Lijiang was listed as world cultural heritage in 1997, Everfount tourists came to Lijiang, xuanke and "Naxi ancient music" has become another cultural name card of Lijiang. An unusual interviewee From Lijiang China Dayan Naxi ancient music will be out of the moment, can be seen hanging on the wall of the leaders and celebrities will listen to music a photo show, which is next to the "Lijiang xuanke Naxi ancient music cultural Limited company signs, here is the" advanced private enterprise "," advanced unit "and other government agencies issued the medal. Compared to another theater company across the street from the Dongba palace, the ancient music will xuanke respected in the local government is clearly much higher, also arranged to xuanke leaders visited the ancient music, xuanke himself is the Yunnan provincial CPPCC members. In Lijiang, xuanke is the most famous public figures, from taxi drivers to culture people, government officials, and everyone knows his name. His life is full of drama. Born in 1930, he was rich in childhood and had a foundation in English education from an early age. In 1957, he was imprisoned for various reasons and was not returned to his homeland until 1978. When contacted by telephone interview xuanke, he let reporters contact the first and the Lijiang municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department of the people, "they can interview me through". When contacted by telephone and the Lijiang municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department, the reporter can be into xuanke manor. Covers an area of more than 80 acres of xuanke manor is located in the western suburbs of Lijiang, there are 9 security guards on duty by turns a fine red villa. At the start of his first interview, he enthusiastically mentioned 1 million of his contributions to Lijiang's one hundred year anniversary. He graduated from the school in 1945. When an hour after the reporter asked "how can you be so sure Tang Xuanzong created the" gossip "Ziwei is now your show" Ziwei "gossip", he suddenly pointed to reporters and reporter Wang Zhi as Tian Qing "art review" and "spies", interview part. On the second day, when the reporter contacted the interview again, he announced that he was just talking nonsense yesterday. He smiled and asked the journalist, "you haven't met any of my interviewees like this?"" Xuan Ke and Wu Xueyuan In the case of the storm core "art review" in an article, Wu Xueyuan referred to himself as an old friend of 20 years and xuanke. When forced to in the court debate denial of this statement, he said he did not know Wu Xueyuan, he told reporters only and Wu Xueyuan had three side of the edge, "first met in 1991, when Wu Xueyuan is deputy director of ethnic integration instrumental records office, Lijiang lecture", the third time is in 1997, he said that Wu Xueyuan once claimed to be his wife's hometown, told his wife the MLM protein powder, "my wife bought a bottle of 270 yuan". And Wu Xueyuan said he had not done so, and he recalled that they met more than three times. According to Wu Xueyuan's memory, he first met in 1982 and xuanke in March and April, he was to the Yunnan Province Cultural Bureau (now the Provincial Department of culture and Art) at the petition, Cao Ruqun and I, Fu Xiao and other three music cadres received him. He quoted himself as a music and English teacher at the experimental primary school in Lijiang, a rightist who had been in prison for 21 years, implemented his policy in 1978 and released his hometown, and took off his right hat in 1981...... After the self introduction, strongly expressed the wish to join the Lijiang County folk song "integrated" work ", Wu Xueyuan said he told the Lijiang Area Education Bureau to his request," after that, in the county area very respect our opinions, let him in a few times, but because of his music and just picked "bad hat, do not let him out again." At that time the Xuan Ke and Wu Xueyuan, one is just to get a vindication of the local school teacher, is a Provincial Department of culture units directly under the deputy editor of Yunnan National Art Research Institute, presided over the province's folk instrumental integration, integration. There is a distinct gap between academic and institutional positions and positions. Wu is a research of Yunnan ethnic music experts and administrative leadership, and xuanke returned to Lijiang in a Lijiang area when the English and music teacher, is interested in the local popular music, folk songs and gradually began to study. Xuanke wrote "Baisha fine music", "the baishaxiyue origin" were published in Wu Xueyuan co edited "folk music" (1984), "folk music on" (1991, Yunnan Nationalities Publishing House). But by the very last time they met - in the Lijiang intermediate people's court in 2004, the identity of the opposing parties had changed decisively. Wu Xueyuan has been appointed deputy director of the art integration office of Yunnan Provincial Cultural Department, and will retire soon. While xuanke is "life president of Lijiang China Dayan Naxi ancient music" and "Lijiang xuanke Naxi ancient music culture Co. Ltd." Mister, the media is filled with "the devil", "the richest man in Lijiang" and "cultural brokers", "ancient madman" and "national musicians", "University of Oxford," CCTV "in the face of face" lens and Wang Zhi questioning, xuanke didn't find his "University of Oxford PhD certificate", and call this argument. From civil society to joint-stock company The process of an interview with reporters Xuan Ke, he revealed the whole process of Dayan Naxi ancient music from civil society to reform the joint-stock company to me. With the gradual increase of xuanke and "Naxi ancient music" fame, he is also more and more successful in the economy. In 2000, Dayan Naxi ancient music will be joint-stock reform, said the restructuring is xuanke because "at that time if you do not change, then the money do not know who is" in Lijiang Economic Restructuring Commission, Economic Commission, Finance Bureau, Industrial and Commercial Bureau, Cultural Bureau, the propaganda department and the presence of the the Commission said in a speech that "you will have the Dayan Naxi ancient music" economic achievements today, is not forced President? "Yes! We asked him for his blessing. "Not to his credit, we could ever have dreamed of the concert into money, we think the president should be holding xuanke". A show of hands, the final solution is xuanke accounted for 51% of the shares, the band holds a total of 49% other performers, Some people in the past and the band when shares can only be transferred to the internal personnel. This one has a twenty year history of the civil society into a personal holding company: "Lijiang xuanke Naxi ancient music culture Co. ltd.". Because the elderly continue to die, xuanke through continuous acquisition have Naxi ancient music performance company, nearly 90% of the shares. To show people each month to receive a fixed salary, xuanke said each person according to qualifications from hundreds to thousands of Chinese Lunar New Year will be issued, "big box fruit to eat for them". Xuanke said he changed their fate, let the old man at home with dignity. And how much did he get from the show? He has a different view in the different period, that is "Naxi ancient music performance company a year income taxes are more than 10 million per year 300 thousand", another "Lijiang County Cultural Bureau statistics show that xuanke Dayan ancient music will annual income of not less than 1 million 500 thousand yuan, the Naxigule industry annual income of not less than 10 million." Now if you want to sit and listen to a music, the best place to 100 yuan. Xuanke said the government has called for them to become bigger and stronger, "we are the first to engage in industry, but the 11 of us after the meeting, that such a music cannot be bigger and stronger, culture cultural ecology, can become bigger and stronger, will fail, but now he has found a way to make the cake bigger, for example their upcoming classical poetry recitation CD, he said may launch" xuanke biography "," some people buy". The music of "cold" and "hot" Although there are many disputes on "Naxi ancient music", but no one can deny that the book "Naxi ancient music" the party is really a big brand in Lijiang, a successful precedent Xuan Ke, music can also stimulate more people to join the business to make money. 1998 Lijiang Tourism Bureau of retired cadres blue Wei launched the "Dongba Palace Limited by Share Ltd" is a group of white beard, plus the old priest and Naxi Naxi folk song "Dongba" performances, attracting many tourists, xuanke once will also Dongba palace and Lan Wei court, because "the Dongba palace unauthorized use of the plaintiff with the success of the allocation, fill in" Ziwei "gossip......". Despite all the controversy about "Naxi ancient music", Lijiang currently has more than 30 large and small "Naxi ancient music" playing the group, Dali, Kunming, there are more and more ancient music will, commercialization is a general trend, when reporters Wu Xue Yuan, in his computer program he shares also saw a Kunming guide the ancient music group. Not only in Lijiang, now all over the country the development of intangible cultural tourism resources development phenomenon, such as the Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in the Dongzudage Declaration on behalf of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity's efforts, and the development of tourism planning. In more and more tourism activities and human development process, how to deal with the loss and variation occurred in the process, how to inherit and study in academic and practice has become a universal issue. Nankai University Museum of Nankai University professor Huang Chunyu pointed out that "many folk performing arts and folk customs, because tourism became the commercial performance, the loss of the original flavor and the cultural content of ancestor continued, actually caused the destruction of the folk culture, this phenomenon because the economic and social changes caused by natural evolution is more shocking." Reporters learned that the Lijiang tourism and economic development makes the government of culture protection have more capital investment, the Lijiang Museum in the expansion, but there are also people pointed out that Lijiang does not even have a complete record of the Dongba ritual, traditional music comprehensive collation and research there are still many basic work to be done "now, the majority of people government, businessmen and cultural circles of the eyes or heat profitable projects, real research work or lonely". Hao Minan reports