贵州省贵阳市2016高考英语阅读、阅读表达一轮自练题（6）

贵州省贵阳市2016高考英语阅读、阅读表达一轮自练题（6） 2015贵阳市高考英语阅读、阅读表达一轮自练题(6) 及 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 There are many moments in life when we become angry with others because of something they said or did against us. Anger is just one letter short of danger -- it seems to be as __1__ in English as well as in practice. In fact, those who are easy to get angry are in greater physical __2__ than those who smoke or have high blood pressure. One little boy said about his __3__: “When she starts to get angry, you have to look __4__ and serious. Don't laugh. When mommies are mad, they get madder when you __5__.” The good news is that __6__ getting angry does not seem to be the problem. Well-directed anger can be a helpful __7__. But Staying angry is __8__ -- to our health and to our relationships. We must have a forgiving heart for our own peace of mind. When we __9__ to forgive, that hatred eats at us little by little until we are consumed by it. We should realize that forgiveness is to our benefit just as much as it is to the one we are __10__. Here are four simple __11__ that can help move us out of the danger zone. __12__ it. Uncontrolled anger will take over. Talk it out. Don't keep it in and let it go bad. Act on it. Do what needs to be done to resolve the situation. End it. Just as there is a __13__ point for anger, there must be an ending. Make a __14__ not to stay angry. It can help to remember that for every minute we're angry, we __15__ sixty seconds of happiness and sixty seconds of peace. The sooner we get out of the danger zone, the sooner we can get back to happy life. 1.A. true B. strange C. different D. common - 1 - 2.A. anger B. appearance C. danger D. difficulty 3.A.father B. mother C. sister D. teacher 4.A. scared B. interested C. puzzled D. surprised 5.A. cry B. escape C. quarrel D. laugh 6.A. gradually B.frequently C. simply D. suddenly 7.A. exercise B.medicine C. habit D. emotion 8.A.beneficial B.accessible C. dangerous D. impossible 9.A. refuse B. decide C.tend D.attempt 10.A. hating B.fighting C. forgiving D.helping 11.A. rules B. steps C.conclusions D. warnings 12.A. Hide B. Abandon C. Understand D. Control 13.A.ending B. starting C. turning D. melting 14.A. decision B. record C. bet D. point 15.A. use B. lack C. owe D. lose 1. 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词的用法及上下文的呼应。A.true真实的，准确的; B.strange奇怪的; C.different不同的; D.common共同的。根据in fact后的内容可知生气就和危险少一个英文字母，似乎在英语上的拼写上和实际上中的关系都是真的(true)，故选A。 2. 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词的用法及上下文的呼应。A. anger生气; B. appearance 出现;C. danger危险; D. difficulty困难。根据上文可知生气与危险的关系。容易生气的那些人比那些吸烟和高血压的人更危险， 3. 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词的用法及上下文的呼应。A.father父亲; B. mother母亲; C. sister姐妹; D. teacher老师。根据下文When mommies are mad可知他在告诉关于母亲的事情。一个小男孩谈到他母亲的时候说„„，故选B。 4. 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词的用法及上下文的呼应。A. scared害怕的; B. interested 感兴趣的;C. puzzled困惑的; D. surprised吃惊的。当她生气的时候，你必须看起来很害怕或者很认真严肃，故选A。 - 2 - 5. 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词的用法及上下文的呼应。A. cry哭; B. escape逃跑; C. quarrel吵架; D. laugh嘲笑。根据Don't laugh可知当你笑的时候，妈妈会更生气的。故选D。 6. 【答案】C C. 【解析】考查副词的用法及上下文的呼应。A. gradually逐渐地; B.frequently频繁地; simply简单地，仅仅; D. suddenly突然。好消息是仅仅突然生气好像不是什么问题，故选C。 7. 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词的用法及上下文的呼应。A. exercise 练习;B.medicine药; C. habit习惯; D. emotion情绪。根据常识可知引导好的生气可能是有益的情绪，故选D。 8. 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词的用法及上下文的呼应。A.beneficial有益的; B.accessible易接近的; C. dangerous 有害的，危险的;D.impossible不可能的。Be dangerous to对„„有害; 一直保持生气是对身体和我们的关系有害的。故选C。 9. 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词的用法及上下文的呼应。A. refuse 拒绝;B. decide决定; C.tend照料; D.attempt试图。根据上文我们必须有一个宽容的为了我们自己的心灵的安宁。当我们拒绝原谅时，憎恨就会逐渐地吞吃我们直到我们被消灭，故选A。 10. 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词的用法及上下文的呼应。A.hating憎恨; B.fighting战斗; C. forgiving 原谅;D.helping帮助。我们应该意识到我们应该意识到原谅别人对于我们自己和对方同样重要，故选C。 11. 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词的用法及上下文的呼应。A. rules规则; B. steps步骤， 步伐;C.conclusions结论; D. warnings警告。根据下文可知这里有四个步骤，能帮助我们走出危险区，故选B。 12. 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词的用法及上下文的呼应。A. hide躲藏; B. abandon遗弃; C. understand 理解;D. control控制。控制生气，故选D。 13. 【答案】B - 3 - 【解析】考查形容词的用法及上下文的呼应。A.ending结束; B. starting 开始;C. turning 转向; D. melting融化。根据下文ending 可知这里应是与它相反的单词。由生气的开始就 有生气的结束，故选B。 14. 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词的用法及上下文的呼应。A. decision 决定;B. record纪录; C. bet 打赌; D. point要点。这里是make a decision 决定;做出决定不要生气，故选A。 15. 【答案】D 【解析】考查形容词的用法及上下文的呼应。A. use使用; B. lack缺乏; C. owe 欠;D. lose失去。我们每一分钟生气的时候，我们就失去60秒的幸福和60秒的和平，故选D。 阅读理解。 Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel.And he surely deserves additional praise:the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism. I say clever because anti?slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War.H.B.Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin is only the most famous example.These early stories dealt directly with slavery.With minor exceptions，Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story. Again and again，in the postwar years，Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race.Consider the most controversial，at least today，of Twain's novels，Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn，Twain's most widely read tale.Once upon a time，people hated the book because it struck them as rude.Twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums(贫民窟)(”More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(The term Nigger Jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.) But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point.The novel is strongly - 4 - anti?slavery.Jim's search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic.As J(Chadwick has pointed out，the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities，“the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual:Jim，the father and the man.” There is much more.Twain's mystery novel Pudd'nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day.Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior(低等的)to whites，especially in intelligence，Twain's tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth.A slave gave birth to her master's baby and，for fear that the child should be sold South，switched him for the master's baby by his wife.The slave's lightskinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave?holding class.The master's wife's baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave. The point was difficult to miss:nurture(养育)，not nature，was the key to social status.The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech，for example—were，to Twain，indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims. Twain's racial tone was not perfect.One is left uneasy，for example，by the lengthy passage in his autobiography(自传)about how much he loved what were called“nigger shows”in his youth—mostly with white men performing in black?face—and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them.Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality.His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not. Was Twain a racist,Asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln.If we read the words and attitudes of the past through the“wisdom”of the considered moral judgments of the present，we will find nothing but error.Lincoln，who believed the black man the inferior of the white，fought and won a war to free him.And Twain，raised in a slave state，briefly a soldier， and inventor of Jim，may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century. 【语篇解读】 通过研究马克?吐温的作品，来判定他是否是一名种族主义者。作者列 举了大量事实，说明了马克?吐温是名反对种族主义的斗士，反驳了别人那些错误的观点。 18(How do Twain's novels on slavery differ from Stowe's? - 5 - A(Twain was more willng to deal with racism. B(Twain's attack on racism was much less open. C(Twain's themes seemed to agree with plots. D(Twain was openly concerned with racism. 解析 推理判断题。由第二段With minor exceptions，Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else directly可知。 答案 B 19(Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn arose partly from its________. A(target readers at the bottom B(anti?slavery attitude C(rather impolite language D(frequent use of “nigger” 解析 细节理解题。由第三段More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(The term Nigger Jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.)可知。 答案 D 20(What best proves Twain's anti?slavery stand according to the author? A(Jim's search for his family was described in detail. B(The slave's voice was first heard in American novels. C(Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture. D(Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent. 解析 推理判断题。由第五段中的后三句话可推出。 答案 C 21(The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that________. A(slaves were forced to give up their babies to their masters B(slaves' babies could pick up slave?holders' way of speaking C(blacks' social position was shaped by how they were brought up D(blacks were born with certain features of prejudice 解析 推理判断题。由第六段第一句The point was difficult to miss:nurture(养育)， not nature，was the key to social status，可推知。 答案 C 22(What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refer to? - 6 - A(The attacks. B(Slavery and prejudice. C(White men. D(The shows. 解析 词义辨析题。由第七段Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality.His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.可知。 答案 D 23(What does the author mainly argue for? A(Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism. B(Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln. C(Twain's works had been banned on unreasonable grounds. D(Twain's works should be read from a historical point of view. 解析 主旨大意题。该篇从马克?吐温的人生经历，他的作品及其它作者的作品进行比对 后，作者得出了:马克?吐温比与他同时代的作家更反对种族主义。 答案 A 阅读理解 【2014?山东省实验中学一模】 Depression (抑郁症) is a serious problem today.Depression causes workers to be unproductive，causing companies and countries to lose billions of dollars.One expert says that depression is like cancer because it is “widespread，costly and deadly”(Depression hits one person in five around the world. Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated，studies show that depression is a problem among everyone.Over any six?month period，between five to seven percent of the world’s population will be suffering from a serious depression.Suicide rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme，or clinical form were 80 percent higher than in the population at large， and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks.People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively. Depression，which researchers agree has its origin in the genes，brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate—making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently. Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese’s inability to face it.Many - 7 - people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy.Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available.“Most patients in China just don’t get help，”a Chinese doctor says.“In my hospital，I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning，just have time to say ‘Hello，how do you feel,’” In Western countries，people are not afraid to admit that they have depression， but most do not tell it to their boss，because they fear that they will be stricken_off_the_rolls.“In my experience，aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it.Because they feel the most secure about themselves，” an American doctor says. Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment. 1(Which of the following is true according to the passage? A(It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression. B(Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work. C(Depression is a commonly?existing problem only in rich countries. D(The poorer and the less educated a person is，the less he will suffer from depression. 2(Compared to normal people，the depressed people are likely to be________. A(very unconfident and often absent?minded B(easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks C(working efficiently and productively D(either weak or lazy 3(Depression becomes more serious in China because of________. A(the understanding of the problem B(the lack of treatment and doctors C(their unwillingness to tell it to their boss D(the doctors’ careless work 4(What can we infer from the passage? A(People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists. B(The aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed. C(More and more patients will turn to specialists for help. D(Western people are braver than Chinese people. 5(What does the underlined words in the 5th paragraph mean? A(Hired. B(Dismissed. - 8 - C(Promoted. D(Recommended. 语篇解读 本文是一篇科普类说明文。抑郁症已经成为威胁人们正常生活和工作的一个 重要的疾病形式，人们应正确地面对抑郁症。 1(解析: 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively.”可知，答案B符合文意。 答案: B 2(解析: 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“...brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate—making it impossible for...”可知，答案A符合文意。 答案: A 3(解析: 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句和第三句“Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available.”可知，抑郁症在中国更严重一方面是因为人们不能正视这个事实，另一方面是由于缺少专家和较好的治疗。 答案: B 4(解析: 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.”可推知，将会有越来越多的人向专家求助，故答案C正确。 答案: C 5(解析: 词义猜测题。根据对文章第三段的整体理解可以推知，员工一旦把自己抑郁 的情况告诉老板，老板有可能会由于抑郁能使人没有自信或不能够集中工作而辞退员工。故 stricken off the rolls与dismissed的意思最为接近。 答案: B。 【上海市黄浦区】 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. C. A. energetic B. trying D. released E. originated established H. F. consume G. enjoying I. produce J. discovered fashionable - 9 - Some people cannot imagine starting the day without a cup of coffee. From the most __41__ cafes of Paris to the breakfast stands lining the streets of Taipei, coffee has firmly __42__ itself as one of the world’s favourite beverages. For such a well-loved drink, however, few people are aware of its curious origins. As a legend goes, coffee berries were first __43__ in 850 by an Ethiopian goat herder who noticed his goats were much livelier after having eaten the red berries of a local bush. After __44__ the berries himself, the goat herder felt much more than usual. The news about the wonderful berry was __46__ quickly, and soon __45__ monks were looking on it as an elixir(仙丹妙药) and eating it to help stay awake during evening prayers. Although coffee __47__ on the plateaus of Ethiopia, it was the Arabs who first cultivated it around 1100. They were also the first people to roast it and boil it. By 1475, people in Constantinople were __48__ a cup of coffee in the world’s first coffee shop. Coffee spread to Europe around 1600 and to the New World seven years later. These days, it seems you can get a cup of coffee just about everywhere you go. Every year, coffee lovers __49__ more than 400 billion cups of coffee and make it one of the world’s biggest commodities—second only to oil. 【参考答案】41—45 HCJBA 46—49 DEGF - 10 - 第十三章:干燥 通过本章的学习，应熟练掌握表示湿空气性质的 参数 转速和进给参数表a氧化沟运行参数高温蒸汽处理医疗废物pid参数自整定算法口腔医院集中消毒供应 ，正确应用空气的H–I图确定空气的状态点及其性质参数;熟练应用物料衡算及热量衡算解决干燥过程中的计算问题;了解干燥过程的平衡关系和速率特征及干燥时间的计算;了解干燥器的类型及强化干燥操作的基本方法。 二、本章思考题 1、工业上常用的去湿方法有哪几种, 态参数, 11、当湿空气的总压变化时，湿空气H–I图上的各线将如何变化? 在t、H相同的条件下，提高压力对干燥操作是否有利? 为什么? 12、作为干燥介质的湿空气为什么要先经预热后再送入干燥器, 13、采用一定湿度的热空气干燥湿物料，被除去的水分是结合水还是非结合水,为什么, 14、干燥过程分哪几种阶段,它们有什么特征, 15、什么叫临界含水量和平衡含水量, 16、干燥时间包括几个部分,怎样计算, 17、干燥哪一类物料用部分废气循环,废气的作用是什么, 18、影响干燥操作的主要因素是什么,调节、控制时应注意哪些问题, 三、例题 2o例题13-1:已知湿空气的总压为101.3kN/m ,相对湿度为50%，干球温度为20 C。试用I-H图求解: (a)水蒸汽分压p; (b)湿度,; 11 (c)热焓，; (d)露点t ; d (e)湿球温度tw ; o(f)如将含500kg/h干空气的湿空气预热至117C，求所需热量,。 解 : 2o由已知条件:,,101.3kN/m，Ψ,50%，t=20 C在I-H图上定出湿空气00 的状态点,点。 (a)水蒸汽分压p 过预热器气所获得的热量为 每小时含500kg干空气的湿空气通过预热所获得的热量为 例题13-2:在一连续干燥器中干燥盐类结晶，每小时处理湿物料为1000kg，经干燥后物料的含水量由40%减至5%(均为湿基)，以热空气为干燥介质，初始 -1-1湿度H为0.009kg水•kg绝干气，离开干燥器时湿度H为0.039kg水•kg绝干12 气，假定干燥过程中无物料损失，试求: -1(1) 水分蒸发是q (kg水•h); m,W -1(2) 空气消耗q(kg绝干气•h); m,L -1原湿空气消耗量q(kg原空气•h); m,L’ 12 -1(3)干燥产品量q(kg•h)。 m,G2解: q=1000kg/h, w=40?, w=5% mG112H=0.009, H=0.039 12 q=q(1-w)=1000(1-0.4)=600kg/h mGCmG11 x=0.4/0.6=0.67, x=5/95=0.053 12 ?q=q(x-x)=600(0.67-0.053)=368.6kg/h mwmGC12 ?q(H-H)=q mL21mw q368.6mw q,,,12286.7mLH,H0.039,0.00921 q=q(1+H)=12286.7(1+0.009)=12397.3kg/h mL’mL1 ?q=q(1-w) mGCmG22 q600mGC?q,,,631.6kg/h mG21,w1,0.052 13