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新目标英语八年级上册unit 1-unit 10知识点总结

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新目标英语八年级上册unit 1-unit 10知识点总结新目标英语八年级上册unit 1-unit 10知识点总结 (2)twice a week 意思是―一周两次‖是一个表示频率的短语,表示频率的短语一般是由―次数,aunit1 ,时间名词‖构成;表示―一次或两次‖时,一般用once和twice表示,而表示―三次或三次以上‖时,1(What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末常常做什么, 则用―数词,times‖结构。如:once a month (一个月一次),twice a day (一天两次),three times a we...

新目标英语八年级上册unit 1-unit 10知识点总结
新目标英语八年级 上册 三年级上册必备古诗语文八年级上册教案下载人教社三年级上册数学 pdf四年级上册口算下载三年级数学教材上册pdf unit 1-unit 10 知识点 高中化学知识点免费下载体育概论知识点下载名人传知识点免费下载线性代数知识点汇总下载高中化学知识点免费下载 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf (2)twice a week 意思是―一周两次‖是一个表示频率的短语,表示频率的短语一般是由―次数,aunit1 ,时间名词‖构成;表示―一次或两次‖时,一般用once和twice表示,而表示―三次或三次以上‖时,1(What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末常常做什么, 则用―数词,times‖结构。如:once a month (一个月一次),twice a day (一天两次),three times a week (1)这是一个由疑问词what引导的特殊疑问句。前一个do为助动词,构成疑问句结构,后一个(一周三次),five times a year (一年五次)等。 do为实义动词(或叫行为动词),意思是―做;干‖。注意:助动词do要随着主语的人称、时态和(3) 疑问词how的用法 数的不同作出相应的变化。如: ?What does she do on weekends? 周末她做什么, 1)怎样,用什么手段,方法/交通工具 How did he do it? / I don’t know how to swim. How do you (2)usually为频率副词,意思是―通常;经常‖,与often意思相近,但程度有别。 come to school? 【辨析】:频率副词always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never (2) 情况如何(指身体健康状况) How are you? (3) how many,how much表示―多少‖ how many后接可数名词复数,how much接不可数名词。频率副词 词义 频率 英文释义 How many times do you go to the park? How much are those pants? always 总是 100% all the time (4)how many times 询问多少次,其答语表示次数。如:once twice,three times等 usually 通常 90% often, generally How many times do you go to the movies a month? About three times. often 经常 80% (at) many times (5) How old...? 询问年龄 How old are you? I am five. sometimes 有时 50% at times, now and then (6) How about…? ……如何, ……怎么样, How about going to the movies? hardly ever 几乎不 10% almost not, not at all (8)how long 询问多长时间,其答语表示一段时间,如:for two days,for three hours等。 never 从不 0% not ever, not at any time How long will it take to get to the station, About half an hour。 【拓展】频率副词always的用法:在所有的频率副词中,always语气最强,表示―总是;永远‖。 (9)how soon 用来询问过多久,多久以后,其答语是in two hours,in three days等。 ?always可用于进行时态,表示―老是;总是‖,是一种加强语气的说法,含有―气愤;不满;不耐 How soon wil he come back, In an hour。 烦;赞赏‖等感情色彩。如:? He is always coming late. 他总是迟到。(埋怨)? He is always helping 3(And I sometimes watch TV. 我有时看电视。 others. 他总是帮助别人。(赞扬) sometimes是一个表示频率的副词,意思是―有时‖一般位于句首,也可放在主语后面。如: ?always通常放在be动词后面,行为动词前面,一般不放在句首。但为了强调或在祈使句中,也? Sometimes I go to the movies on Sunday. 有时我在星期天去看电影。 可放在句首或放在整个谓语前面,有时甚至置于句末。 ? He sometimes reads on weekends. 在周末他有时看书。 如:? Always pay attention to your pronunciation. 要始终注意发音。 【辨析】:sometimes 与some times,sometime,some time ?always与not连用时,表示部分否定,意思是―不一定总是;未必‖等。如:? Honesty is not always sometimes意思是―有时;不时‖,常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。 the best policy. 诚实未必永远是上策。 如:?Sometimes he goes to school by bus. 有时他乘公共汽车上学。 (3)on weekends 意思是―在周末‖,也可说成at (the) weekends, 此处的weekends指星期六和星期some times是名词短语,意思是―几次;几倍‖。 日。 如:? I met him some times in the street last month. 上个月我在街上遇到他好几次。 2(—How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次电视, —Twice a week. 一周两次。 sometime是副词,意为―在某个时候‖,―某时‖ (1)how often表示―多久一次‖,是对动作的频率进行提问。可用于回答表示频率的副词,如always, Will you come again sometime next week? 下周的某个时候你会再来吗, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never等,或用于回答表示频率的短语,如once a day (一天一She was there sometime last year. 她去年某时去过那。 次),twice a week (一周两次),four times a month (一个月四次),every day (每一天)等。如: some time是名词词组,意为―一段时间‖,做时间状语用 ?—How often does he surf the Internet? 他多久在网上冲浪一次, —Once a week. 一周一次。 I will stay here for some time. 我将在这呆一段时间。 第 1 页 共 22 页 He worked for that company for some time. 他为那家电脑公司工作了一阵子。 【拓展】look after与take care of同义,在表达―照顾/保管好……‖的意思时,可用look after…well4.【exercise的用法】 v/n 1) 动词,锻炼,既可以作不可数名词“锻炼”讲,也可作可数名词“练或take good care of。如:? My mother takes good care of me. 我妈妈对我非常体贴。 习”讲。He exercises every day。We often do / take exercise on weekends. ? I have to look after my sister well. 我得照顾好我妹妹。 2)do morning exercises 做早操 do eye exercises 做眼保健操 2)look at ―看着……‖,look like―看起来像……‖,look for ―寻找……‖ Doing morning exercises is good for our health. 做早操对我们的健康有益。 look up 查看(词典),look out 当心,小心,look through 浏览,审核,look into 检查,look over【 shop 】 v/ n We often shop on weekends. There are many shops in the neighborhood. 检查(医生给病人) 5. as for意为―就……而论‖,―至于‖ As for fruit,I eat it sometimes. ? Please look after your book. 请保管好你的书。 As for him,I never want to see him here. 至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到。 ? The boys are looking at the blackboard. 男孩子们正看着黑板。 6 My mother wants me to drink it. 我妈妈想要我喝。 ? The girl looks like her father. 这个小姑娘看起来很像她父亲。 want to do sth. 想要做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事 ? My parents are looking for their dog. 我父母正在找他们的狗。 Do you want to go to the movies with me, 你想和我一起去看电影吗, 10. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades. 我健康的生活方式帮助我取得好的成绩。 I want you to help me with my math. 我想要你帮我学数学。 help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事She often helps me learn math. 她经常帮助我学数学。 有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语:ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 11. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 好的食物和运动帮助我学习得更好。 告诉某人去做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 7(She says it‘s good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益。 12. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? (1)be good for意思是―对……有好处‖。如: ,Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from your lifestyle ? ? Doing exercise is good for our health. 进行锻炼对我们的身体有好处。 她的生活方式和你的一样或是不同, 【辨析】:be good for, be good at 与be good to be the same as … / be different from … 与……一样/与……不同 She looks the same as her sister. 她看起来跟她的妹妹很像。 意思是―对……有益‖。如: This book is different from that one. 这本书跟那本书不一样。 be good for ? Watching TV too much is not good for your health. 13. I think I‘m kind of unhealthy. 我想我有点不健康。 kind of = a little a kind of 一种 看电视太多对你的身体没有好处。 14(So maybe I‘m not very healthy, although I have one healthy habit. 意思是―擅长于……‖。如: be good at 所以尽管我有一个健康的习惯,但是也许我还不是很健康。 ? He is good at playing football. 他擅长踢足球。 (1)maybe是个副词,意思是―也许;或许‖,常用于句首。如: 意思是―对……好‖。如: be good to ? Maybe you are right. 也许你是对的。 ? The old woman is good to us. 那个老太太对我们很好。 【辨析】:maybe 与may be (2)health是一个名词,意思是―健康‖,它的形容词形式是healthy,意思是―健康的‖。如: 为副词,意思是―也许‖,同义词是perhaps,常用于句首,作状语。如: ? My grandmother is over 80 years old, but she is very healthy. 我奶奶八十多岁了,但她非常健康。 maybe ? Maybe you are an English teacher. 也许你是一位英语教师。 8.I try to eat a lot of vegetables. try to do sth. 尽量/尽力做某事 为―情态动词,动词‖结构,在句子中作谓语,意思是―也许是‖。如: I’ll try to learn English well. 我会尽量尝试学好英语的。 may be ? You may be an English teacher. 你也许是一位英语教师。 You must try to take more exercise. 你必须尽量多做运动。 ? She may be in Class Five. 她也许在5班。 9.…I look after my health. …… 我很注意我的健康。 (2)although为连词,意思是―尽管;虽然‖,表示转折关系,同义词有though。 1)look after 意思是―照顾;保管‖。 第 2 页 共 22 页 与but作用相同,但是用法不同。特别注意英、汉在此意义上的表达区别:汉语中经常说―虽然……3)【拓展】matter作动词,意思是“要紧,重要,有重大关系(主要用于否定句,疑问句或条件句但是……‖,但在英语中,―虽然‖和―但是‖只能用其一。如: 中) What does it matter, 那有什么关系, ? Although I get up early, I can’t catch the early bus. It doesn’t matter about the price;buy it,whatever it costs。 价钱没什么关系,不论多少钱都买。 = I get up early, but I can’t catch the early bus. 尽管我起得很早,但还是没有赶上早班车。 4)该句型中what做主语,此句型是陈述句语序,如:I don’t know what’s the matter with me, I don’t pass the exam, although I study every hard. =I study very hard, but I don’t pass the exam. 该句型常用于医生询问病人情况,病人可以回答:I’m not feeling well=I don’t feel well. 尽管我努力学习,但考试还是没有及格。 I feel terrible. I feel ill. I feel sick. I feel even wores. I have a pain here. (3)one 是数词,意思是―一‖。如: ? I have one sister. 我有一个妹妹。 5)There is something wrong with my head.=Something is wrong with my head. 【辨析】:one或a/an =I have something wrong with my head. 6)【补充】医生的话:How long have you been like this? How are you feeling now? 可表示―一‖这个概念,但它更强调数量。如: Let me take your temperature. Your temperatue is OK. ? He has one pen and two pencils. 他有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。(这里的oneone Nothing serious.=There is nothing much wrong with you. 与two在数量上作对比,不能用a代替) 医生的嘱咐: Take this medicine three times a day. Drink more water and have a good rest. ? She only had one sister. 她仅仅有一个妹妹。(强调数量) Try to relax before you go to bed. You’ll be all right./well/OK again soon. You’ll be much better 不定冠词a和an是one的弱式,一般不强调―一‖这个数量,仅仅强调类别。 tomorrow. 如: a/an 2.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。 ? He buys a dictionary. 他买了一本字典。(强调买的是什么,而不是数量) 1)should是情态动词,可表示建议,意思是“应该,应当,最好” 其否定形式是shouldn’t,表? That’s a dog. 那是一只狗。(强调的是类别,而不是数量) 示不应该。?You should stop smoking. 你应该戒烟。 15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health. ? You shouldn’t leave a baby alone in the house. 你不应该把一个婴儿独自留在家里。 A lot of = lots of = many / much 许多 keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy (2)lie down意思是―躺下‖,lie-lay-lain keep + 形容词 表保持某种状态Keep quiet! The baby is sleeping. 那婴儿正在睡觉,保持安静~ 如: ? She lay down on her bed. 她躺在床上。 We must keep our classroom clean. 我们必须保持我们的教室干净。 ? I found a purse lying on the ground. 我发现地上有一个钱包。 【拓展】作名词时,表示“谎言”作不及物动词时,是“说谎”的意思。lie-lied-lied Why did you tell me a lie, 你为什么对我撒谎, Don’t lie to me。 不要对我撒谎。 unit2 (3)rest可以作动词,也可以作名词,意思是―休息‖。如: ? I’m so tired and I want to have a rest. 我太累了,我想休息一下。 1(—What‘s the matter? 怎么了, —I have a cold. 我患感冒了。 ?Can I get some rest, mum? 妈妈,我可以休息一会儿吗, (1)matter作名词时,表―事情;问题;情况‖,What’s the matter? 常用来询问对方的病情或 其他不适,也可用What’s wrong? 或What's the trouble with sb.? 来表示,如要说明对象,则需要用 3(That sounds like a good idea. 那听起来像是一个好主意。 介词with表示。如: ?What’s the matter, little boy? 小男孩,你有什么事, (1)idea意思是―主意;想法;思想‖,good idea意思是―好主意‖,一般用来表示赞同。如: ?What’s wrong / the matter with her? 她怎么了, ? That’s a good idea. 那是一个好主意。 2)※wrong是形容词,前面没有―the‖; matter和trouble都是名词,前面应有―the‖ ?—Why not go to the park? 为什么不去公园呢, —Good idea. 好主意。 第 3 页 共 22 页 (2)sound like 意思是―听起来像……‖,sound是连系动词,它也能作名词,意思是―声音‖。 ?He drank too much, so he didn’t feel very well. 他喝多了,所以他感觉很不舒服。 如: ? Your idea sounds like a good one. 你的想法听起来是个好主意。 much too的中心词是too, much修饰too,以加强语气,much too用在形容词或副词之前。如: ? We can hear the sound of birds singing in the morning. 早晨我们能听见鸟儿歌唱的声音。 ? My uncle is a businessman. He’s always much too busy. 我叔叔是个商人。他总是特别忙。 4(I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你很快好起来。 ?This sweater is much too expensive. 这件毛衣太贵了。 这是一句祝福用语,hope表示―祝愿;希望‖。如:? We hope you’re well. 我们希望你健康。 7(It‘s easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and it‘s important to eat a balanced diet. 拥有一个健康的生【辨析】: hope与wish: 活方式很容易,营养均衡很重要。 hope与wish这两个词都表示―希望‖,但含义和用法不同。 (1)这是一个并列句,并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句并列而成。常见的并列句结构是:wish后一般接含有虚拟语气的名词性从句,用以表示难以实现或不可能实现的愿望,有时也可用―简单句,等立连词,简单句‖。等立连词之前可用逗号,也可不用逗号。等立连词通常是and, or, but于表示对人的祝福(注意:wish后不能接动名词)wish to do sth /wish sb to do sth /wish that+句子 等。如: ? You’re alive! And she’s dead. 你活着~而她却死了。 如:? I wish I were as strong as you. 我真希望我像你一样健壮。 ? Honey is sweet, but the bee stings. 蜂蜜是甜的,但蜜蜂却会蜇人。 ? I wish you success. 祝你成功。 (2)It‘s ,形容词,to do sth. 是个固定句型,意思是―做某事是(怎样的)‖。类似的结构还 hope用于有可能实现的场合。hope后可接动词不定式、名词从句,但不能在接动名词、名词有:―It‘s,形容词,for sb. to do sth.‖意思是―对于某人来说,做某事是(怎样的)‖。如: 或宾语后再加动词不定式。hope to do sth./hope that+句子 ? It’s easy to pass the English exam. 通过这次英语考试很容易。 如:? I hope that you will succeed. 我希望你会成功。 ? It’s difficult for me to work out the problem. 解决这个问题对我来说很困难。 ? He hoped to get the first prize. 他希望获得一等奖。 (3)stay healthy意思是―保持健康‖,同be/keep healthy。stay为连系动词,意思是―持续不变; 保持‖。如: 5.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 传统中医认为,我们只有阴阳平衡,才能保持健康。 ? He can stay so cool after such a hot argument. 这样一场激烈的争论过后,他能如此心平气和。 【讲解】 1) 这是一个复合句。we need a balance„这个句子作believe的宾语,叫宾语从句。 (4)a balanced diet意思是―一个均衡的饮食‖。balanced作形容词时,意思是―平衡的;平稳的‖。 believe是动词,注意believe后面的宾语从句的否定前移用法。 8(Then ask classmates for advice. 向你的同学征求建议。(请你的同学提出建议) I don’t believe that he can mend the computer well。 我认为他修不好这台电脑。 advice意为―建议,忠告‖,是不可数名词。 【拓展】常用短语:believe in 信仰,信任 Believe it or not。信不信你由你 一条建议 a piece of advice 两条建议 two pieces of advice. 一些建议 some advice 2)need 是动词,需要。 与advice搭配构成短语的有: need sth.需要„„ Plant needs water。 ask sb. for advice 请……提出建议 give sb. advice 给……提出建议 need to do sth. 需要做„„ You didn’t need to tell him the news,it just made him sad take one's advice 采纳某人的建议 refuse one's advice 不听某人的劝告、忠告 need doing sth.=need to be done 需要被怎么样 Flowers need watering。 ―有关……的建议‖应用advice on /about sth.? I’ll give you a piece of advice on how to learn English 【拓展】need作情态动词时,后面+动词原形,意思是必要,必须。这时need多用于疑问句,否well.我将给你一条关于如何学好英语的建议。 定句或条件状语从句中。You needn’t talk so loud. 你不必这么大声说话。 9(本单元还有一些词组和短语 6(Maybe you have too much yin. 也许你有太多的阴。 (1)hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 辨析:too much 与much too with介词,―与……一起‖,―和……一起‖,―有着……的‖。 too much的中心词是much, too修饰much,加强语气。too much 修饰不可数名词或单独使用,?I like mooncakes with eggs. 我喜欢吃有鸡蛋的月饼。 意思为―more than enough‖,与too many相对,后者修饰可数名词或单独使用。如: (2)practice doing/enjoy doing ?Don’t eat too much sugar. It’s not good for your health. 不要吃太多的糖,那对你的健康不好。 (3)see a dentist 去看牙医 第 4 页 共 22 页 (4)a balance of cooling yin and hot yang 阴阳平衡 Jim looks like his father。 吉姆长得像他父亲。The fish smells terrible. 这鱼闻起来坏了。 a balance of... ……的平衡 keep one's balance 保持平衡 lose one's balance 失去平衡 That sounds a good idea。 那听起来是个好主意。 The soup tastes very delicious。这汤尝起来非常香。 balanced adj. 平衡的,协调的 a balanced diet 均衡饮食 3)表示变化的连系动词有:grow(变得)become(成为)come(成为)get(变得) fall(变得) (5)get tired 感觉疲倦 go(变成,进入某种状态)turn(变为) (6)be stressed out 紧张的,有压力的 【例句】It was growing dark。 天渐渐黑了。 (7)stay healthy 保持健康 He become famous as an artise. 他成为一名著名的艺术家。 (8)at the moment 此刻,现在 Days get longer in summer。夏天白天变长了。 He fell ill last week。 上个星期他病倒了。 (9)【关于until的用法】 二:如何学会提出建议 1)until用在肯定句中,到„„为止=till 结构为: 英语中常见的表示建议的方式有以下几种情况: a 主句(谓语动词为持续性动词如:study,stay,talk,wait等)+until(till)+时间点 Why don‘t you„=Why not do„, 为什么不做„„, I’ll wait until 8 o’clock. Let‘s do„~ 让我们做„„吧 b. 主句(延续性动词)+until(till)+从句(从句谓语动词为短暂性的:come,go,leave, What about doing„„,=How about doing„„, 做„„怎么样, meet,arrive等)(注意时态:主将从现) I’ll wait until he comes back Would you like to do„, 你想做„„, 2)until用在否定句中,即not„until(not与主句中的助动词,情态动词,be动词构成否定) Shall we do„, 我们做„„,好吗, “直到„„才„„”结构为: 三、身体部位疼痛的表达方式 a 主句(短暂性动词)+until+时间点 ? have a +身体部位名词接后缀ache b 主句(短暂性动词)+until+从句(短暂性动词) ? have a sore +身体部位名词 【注意】时态:主将从现 此时until不可用till,但可以换成before。 ? 身体部位+be +sore I didn’t go to bed until 10 p.m. You can’t eat anything until you see the doctor ? 身体部位+ache /hurt (10)hear的用法 I’m sorry to hear that。 ? Have a pain +in+the 身体部位名词 1)听说 hear+从句 2) hear of/about sb./sth. 2)听见 hear sth/sb. hear sb. do sth./ doing sth. 3) hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 How often do you hear from your sister, 【本单元语法:】 一系动词的用法: 连系动词本身有词义,但不能单独使用,必须和表语一起构成系表结构充当谓语,下面列举的是 常见的系动词: 1)be动词 2)表示状态的系动词有:feel(觉得) keep(保持)stay(保持)seem(好像)look(看来像„„) smell(闻起来)sound(听起来„„)taste(尝起来„„) I feel sick。 我感到难受。 Keep quiet,please~ 请安静下来~ The weather stays very hot。天气非常热。 He seems very clever。 他好像很聪明。 第 5 页 共 22 页 1)向远处,离开,向另一方:I don’t like going away for too long。 unit3 2)放在句子后面做状语―距离……这‖Your birthday is two weeks away. 3)不在家 He is away.=He is not at home. 1.What are you doing for vacation? 1)现代英语中常用be(is/am/are+doing的结构表示将来,主要用来询问将来的 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 ,打算等)与4)和far away from连用表示距离(前有具体距离时,要省略far,from后接地点,如不接地点,现在进行时的区别主要看时间状语和上下文的语意。 则省略from)(考点) -What’s he doing for vacation,他假期打算干什么, The bus stop isn’t far away. The bus stop is two miles away. -He’s visiting his grandfather。他打算去看望他的祖父。 The bus stop is two miles away from our school. 2)be going to+动词原形这一结构也用于一般将来时。 【常用短语】 throw away扔走 take away拿走 run away 跑开 right away 立刻,马上 a表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。 She is going to be a teacher next year. 4.send sb sth=send sth to sb 送某人某物 b 表示有迹象表明将要发生的事。It’s cloudy,it’s going to rain send sb to do sth 派某人做某事 send for 派人去请 send up 发射 c 表示客观原因表明将要发生的事。Hurry up,we are going to be late. 5 rent v 租用,出租 3)for vacation 目的状语。for的主要用法: rent sth. from sb. 向某人租借某物* They rented a house from Mr, Smith 他们向史密斯先生租了一间 a 因为,由于, I’m sorry for being late rent ….to …把…租借给…….. She rented a flat to the students. 她把公寓租给了学生。 b 供……用: The room is for 3 people rent …… for sb. 替某人租给……. I rented a room for my friend. 我替我的朋友租了一间房。 c ~+时间段表示动作持续: The meeting will last for three days 6 what‘s …like there? ……怎么样,可以询问事物的性质,特征等。在指人时,主要用来询问人d 有助于,有益于,为了 What can I do for you, 的性格,能力或给人的印象。 e 就某人而言: She is tall for her age 例句:-What is the concert like? -It is excellent. 音乐会怎么样, 太妙了。 f对于某人来说:It’s important for her to do so -What is your mother like? –She is quite nice. 你母亲是什么样的人,她相当好~ 【注意】What does…look like?仅仅用于询问人或事物的外部特征。 2.That sounds nice. 1, sound 系动词用法:―听起来‖后+形容词。类似的用法还有:look feel(感觉) -What does it look like? -It’s small. 它是什么样子的, 它很小。 get become taste(品尝) smell(闻起来) -What does he look like? –He’s tall and thin and very badly dressed. 2)nice是形容词。意思是美好的,和蔼的,友善的,漂亮的, 他长得怎么样,他又高有瘦,穿得很邋遢。 【辨析】sound,voice,noise 7. How‘s the weather there? =(What‘s the weather like there?)那天气怎么样, 【辨析】nice,well,good,fine 8.Can I ask you a few(some) question about your vacation plans, nice形容词,意思是好的,美好的,比喻心情愉快,令人喜悦而感觉良好。 1)Can I…是用来比较委婉提出要求,希望得到对方肯定回答。可用could 代替,语气更加委婉。How nice it is today~ 回答用sure, of course,certainly。No problem。I’m sorry that等回答。 well 形容词 好的,在句中做表语,表示身体健康。做副词,好地,良好地 2)【辨析】problem和question —Is he feeling well now, -Well,very well ?problem指客观存在的需要解决的问题,也指理科课程的习题或数学,事实有关的问题。 good 形容词,意思是好的,普通常用语。指事物的特征与性质精美优良。 the problem of population 人口问题 solve the problem of pollution 解决污染问题 fine形容词。意思是美好的,精致的。它强调―华美,纤细‖的特点,若指天气时,意思天气晴朗。 work out the maths problem 算出数学题 It is fine today ?question 是指由于对某事物感到疑惑不解而提出的需要解答的问题。 ask the question 问问题 answer the question 回答问题 find out the answer to the question找出问3.away 第 6 页 共 22 页 题的答案 15. can‘t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地去做某事 can‘t help doing 情不自禁做某事 9. be famous for 以……而著名(出名) for后+出名的原因 16. finish doing sth. 做完某事 be famous as 作为……而出名 as后+职业,身份或地位。 17. She‘s leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday. 例句:Zhou Runfa is famous as a movie star. He is famous for his fine acting. 【leave的用法】 10.. He thought about going to Greece or Spain,but decided on Canada. 1)离开?They will leave at 6:00. They left Beijing yesterday 1)think about:考虑 后+名词,代词,动词ing. 这里thought about的意思是原来考虑 ?短暂动词 a 进行时表将来 Are you leaving soon, think of 考虑,关心,想起。 think over 仔细考虑 b 不与时间段连用,要变成be away(from) I‘ll be away for 3 days。 2)decide on 决定,+名词或动词ing 2)动身去…… leave +地点 for+地点 离开某地去某地 decide to do sth./decide+that从句/decide+疑问代词+to do 决定做某事。 leave for +地点 去某地 11.. This time I want to do something different. 这次我想做一些不同的事。 leave Shanghai for Beijing leave for Hangzhou something different:定语后置用法。讲解:因为something是不定代词,different―不同的‖,形容3)leave from 从……动身 They are leaving from Beijing 词作something的定语. 当形容词修饰不定代词的时候,要把形容词放在后面。 4)遗留,落下。leave+宾语+介词短语/副词: 把……忘在……(考点) 如:nothing new anything important Would you like to leave a message, I left my book on the train yesterday. 相同用法的词还有:somebody sometime somewhere someone anything anyone anybody 注意:forget表示―忘记做某事‖不强调地点,而leave强调把某物忘在某地。 everything everybody nothing等 5)Don’t leave anything behind。 别丢三落四。 6)ask for leave 请假 ask for three days‘ leave 12. I heard that Canada is beautiful,and I know there are many people there who speak French. 1)hear: 听,听见 18.What should tourist take with them? 游客必须带什么(在身上)呢, hear of 听说/hear from… 收到……的来信。 take sth with sb. 带某物在身上/随身带某物 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事/hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事。 2)that Canada is beautiful和there are many people there who speak French都是宾语从句 3)who speak French.是people的定语从句 13. I‘m planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside. 1) plan to do sth. 计划做某事 2)spend:花费 必须牢记:A.主语是人。 B. spend+多少钱+on sth. 在某物上花费多少钱 C. spend+时间+(in)doing sth. 花费时间做某事 14. I hope I can forget all my problems! 1) forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(事情还没做) 类似的用法:remember forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过某事(事情已经做完了) 2)hope和wish的用法和区别 hope可以达到的―希望‖ wish 很难达到的―希望‖ 牢记词组:hope to do sth./hope that+从句 wish to do sth./wish that+从句/wish sb. to do sth. 希望做某事 第 7 页 共 22 页 1) take…to…意为―把……带到……‖to后+地点。 unit4 1. How do you get to …?是用来询问对方如何到达某地的常用询问方式,常用回答方式如: 2)辨析take, bring, fetch take:带走,拿走。从说话的地方带到别的地方。 I walk to school./I get to school on foot. bring:带来。强调从别的地方带到说话地来。 I ride my bike to school./I get to school by school. fetch: 去拿,去取。强调一去一回。 I take the subway to school./I get to school by subway. 2. 辨析: get to/reach/arrive 11.Thomas wants to know what she thinks of the transportation.托马斯想知道她对交通有什么看牢记: 相同点:都是―到达―的意思 法。1)what she thinks of the transportation.是宾语从句。牢记:宾语从句用陈述句语序。 不同点:get to+地点/reach+地点 注意:疑问语序和陈述语序的对比: arrive at+小地点(车站等)/arrive in+大地点(国家等) How does she get to school?她怎么样到学校, 注意:若他们后面要加地点副词here,there,home等,则不需要加介词。 Thomas wants to know how she gets to school. 托马斯想知道她怎么样到学校。 3. hundred 数词,意为―百‖ Where does Nina live?尼娜住在哪里, 必须牢记:1)具体的―几百‖:用―基数词+hundred‖ hundred不加s. 如:two hundred He wants to know where Nina lives.他想知道尼娜住在哪里。 2)―hundreds of‖ ―数以百计的‖ 2)What…think of…意为―。。。认为。。。怎么样‖=How…like… 12..in other parts of the world 在世界其他地方 4 .Well,I usually walk but sometimes I take the bus. 1)walk to school=go to school on foot, foot前不用冠词,下列短语都不用冠词: 辨析 another, other, the other, others, the others 1) another指三个或三个以上人或事物中的另一个,只能修饰单数名词。 by bus at night at noon go to school have breakfast play football go to bed 2)辨析sometimes, some times, sometime, some time The T-shirt is too small.Can you show me another (one)? sometimes:有时。用于一般现在时 He sometimes goes to the cinema on Sunday. 2) (the)other有两种用法:a. one…,the other…用来指已知的两个人或事物中的另一个。 some times: 几次,几倍 We have been to Beijing some times. b. 其他情况:other用作形容词+复数名词,当指一定范围内的其 sometime:某个时候 用于过去或将来 Maybe we‘ll meet sometime next week again. 他人或物,可在其前+the some time:一段时间 It‘ll take me some time to walk there. One of my parents is an engineer,and the other is a teacher. 5. It takes about 25 minutes to walk….. The visitors come from Beijing,Shanghai,Xi‘an and some other big cities of China. 牢记句型:It takes sb. +一段时间+to do sth.―做某事花费某人多长时间‖ 3)(the)others相当于(the)other+名词, 注意:spend和take的用法区别 There are many people in the park.Some are walking,some are playing games,and others 6 -How long does it take? –It takes 20 minutes. are boating. 13. although和but不能同时使用 -How far is it from his home to school? –About 10 kilometers./It‘s about five minutes‘bike ride. 7 have a quick breakfast 迅速地吃完早餐 14. In China, it depends on where you are. 8(every day ―每天‖,做时间状语。 everyday:形容词做定语,―日常的‖ 1)depend on 视。。。而定,决定于,依靠2)where you are宾语从句,用陈述句语序。 9. He leaves for school at around six thirty. 15. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus! 1) leave for 去某地 2)at six thirty=at half past six 1)must be 十分肯定的推测 而can‘t be 表示否定的推测(中考热门考点) 2)a lot ―….得多‖+形容词比较级。 类似的还有:even, much, a little等 10. Then the early bus takes him to school. 第 8 页 共 22 页 16..be different from 与。。。不同 反义词组:the same as 24.ill―病的‖形容词做表语,sick―生病的‖做定语 17. .have to 不得不 强调客观上 must 必须 强调主观上 He is ill,/He is a sick person. 18. A small number of students take the subway. 少数学生乘地铁。 25. unit4的语法:how的用法:一是构成感叹句。二是构成特殊疑问句。 a small number of 少量的 a great number of 大量的 必须掌握:1)how表示―如何,怎么样‖对交通方式,身体状况和程度等进行提问。 辨析:a number of+名词复数+复数谓语。意为:― 许多,很多‖ 2)How often表示―多久一次‖对频率提问。例如:twice a week. three times a day the number of+名词+单数谓语。意为:―……的数量‖ 3) How long表示―多长时间‖就―for+一段时间‖ 或―一段时间‖提问。 例for 2 days 例句:A number of students are on the playground. 很多学生在操场上。 4)How soon表示―多久以后‖就―in+时间段‖提问。例如:in two days The number of students in our school is about 2000. 我们学校的学生人数大约是2000人。 5)How far表示―多远‖,就―路程,距离‖的提问。例如:10 kilometres. /five minutes‘ walk 6)How many times表示―几次‖ 就次数提问。例如: three times 19. When it rains I take a taxi. When it rains是时间状语从句。遵循主将从现原则。 7) How many表示―多少‖ 就可数名词多少提问 8)How much 表示:―多少‖ 就不可数名词多少提问 20. I need to see my friend. need to do sth. 需要做某事。 注意这里的―need‖ 是实义动词。 9)How old 多大 几岁 注意:need当情态动词的用法。一般用在否定和疑问句中。―需要‖/―不必‖need+动词原形 10)How tall 多高 用于询问―某人、某物的高度‖ 例句:You needn‘t finish the work today. 你不必今天完成这项工作。 11)How heavy 多重 12)How about=What about 意为―……怎么样,‖用以询问对方的意见。 -Need I type the letter again? –Yes,you must./No,you needn‘t. 我需要重新打印这封信吗, 是的,你必须。/不,你不必。 21. I have a map but it‘s in Chinese.and I only speak English. 辨析:say speak talk和tell say 意为:―说,讲‖,它针对的是说话的内容。What did you say? speak意为:―说,讲话‖不强调说话的内容,但有时讲某种语言,(在会上)发言,要用speak. The baby is learning to speak./Speak more slowly,please. talk意为―谈话,交谈‖常与with,about,to 搭配。 tell意为―说,告诉‖,侧重于―告诉‖的含义多一些。tell to do sth./tell not to do sth. 22. .Don‘t worry. 别担心。 be worried about…意为―为。。。担心‖ 23. .Let me look at your map. 1)牢记:let sb. do sth. 2)辨析:look look at see与watch look与look at 强调看的过程。 see强调看的内容和结果。 watch意为:―观看‖+―展览,球赛‖等 Look!They are flying kites./Please look at the picture carefully. -What can you see in the room? –I can‘t see anything because it‘s dark now. I like to watch dolphins swim in the water./Father is watching. 第 9 页 共 22 页 much too 太。。。。。 后面+形容词 unit5 7 .Maybe another time. 可能得下次了。 1)maybe=may be maybe用在句首,may be 用在句中。 1.Jane,can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon? -Sure,I‘d love to. 1 )can可以用could替换,could比can语气更委婉,更有礼貌。 2)another 三者或3个以后不确定数量中的任何一个人或物:―另外一个,再一个‖ 2)想别人发出邀请,请求,建议或征求某人的意见,还有几种表达方法: 8. Thanks for asking.‖谢谢你的邀请‖ Would you like….? 你想要/愿意…?+名词/动词/动词不定式 Thanks for… 因。。。。。。而感谢。 for是介词,后+名词,代词或动名词。 Would/Will/Could you please…?请你…好吗,+动词原形 Thanks to 多亏,由于。Thanks to your help。I passed the exam。 Shall we…?我们…好吗,shall是情态动词 后面+动词原形 9 .Friday,June 30,at four thirty 6月30日,星期五,4:30. Let‘s… 我们…吧+动词原形 英语中多个时间的排列顺序。 Why not…?=Why don‘t you…?为什么不……?后面+动词原形 1) 通常情况下,如果在同一个句子中有年,月,日,星期,其排列顺序一般是星期,月,日, How/What about…?......怎么样,+动词ing 年。 th3)sure常用于口语中,为说话人较有把握的肯定回答。意为―当然可以/愿意‖ 例句:He was born on Friday,January 5,1990. sure的其他用法: 2)若在句末同时出现几个时间状语,一般表示确切的时间在前,笼统的时间在后,或者说表示较, be sure +to do sth. ―务必,千万‖ ―一定‖He is sure to live to ninety 短的时间在前,较长的时间在后。 , be sure of 表示主语―相信‖或―对…有把握‖后面+名词。代词。动词ing主语必须是人 例句:I saw the film on Tuesday evening last week. , ―be sure+从句‖表示―肯定,有把握‖主句的主语必须是人。 3)如果想强调某个时间状语,可以提前。 4) I‘d love to.回答对方客气的邀请:我很愿意去。要是不愿意可以说 Sorry. 10. Come and have fun. 过来玩吧。 2. study for a test为考试学习 1)这个是个祈使句。 3.have to不得不 强调客观上的 注意:must 强调主观上的必须。 2)牢记:have fun doing :玩的高兴,过的愉快。 4 .have a piano lesson 上钢琴课 11 .Come and join us. 快点加入我们吧。 辨析:lesson和class 1) and 前后结构一致。(完形填空中常考) 相同:都有―课‖的意思,表示―一节或几节课‖,着重指教学内容的―课‖,可互换。 2)辨析: join / take part in 不同点:lesson有―教训,功课,学科‖的意思。class无 相同:都是参加的意思 class有―班级,课堂‖的意思,lesson 没有。 不同:join指加入某一个团体并成为其中的一员。 5 .can=be able to 能 take part in指参加聚会,群众性的活动等。 12 .What‘s today? 今天是几号,星期几, 6.I‘m sorry,I can‘t.I have too much homework this weekend. 1)这是拒绝别人的邀请或请求,建议的一种答语。在英语中,需要拒绝别人时,一般先要表示歉比较:-What day is it today? -It‘s Tuesday. 今天星期几, 今天是星期二。 意,这是一种l礼貌而委婉的拒绝方法。一般用I‘m sorry,sorry或I‘m afrad后+否定,然后再说 -What‘s the date today? -It‘s October the ninth. 今天几号,今天10月9号。 明原因。 13. a lot 很,十分 非常。副词。 后面可以+比较级。 14. Please call me after the vacation. 请假期后给我打电话。 -Can you come to my house now? -I‘m afaid I can‘t.My sister is ill. 2)this weekend意为―这个周末‖,由this,next,last限定的时间前,一般不加任何冠词。 call sb.给某人打电话。还可以用:telephone/phone sb. ring sb. up, make/give a telephone call 3)too nuch 太多的。。。 后面+不可数名词 to sb. 第 10 页 共 22 页 15.Write replies to the invitation. 给邀请函写回信。 unit6 辨析: answer/reply 1.He has shorter hair than Sam. 他的头发比萨姆的短。 answer指一般的应答 than 比……(用于形容词,副词的比较级之后) reply指经过考虑一一答复。reply后要加to. 2.He‘s calmer than Sam. 他比萨姆更冷静。 16 .the whole day=all the day 整天 1)calm adj.镇静的,沉着的。2)n. 平静 3) v. (使某人)镇静,安静。 17. come over 过来。从远处来。 come over to +地点:(从一个地方)到(另)一个地方来。 【辨析】: calm still quiet 与silent 18. I‘m free till 10:00 pm.我一直到晚上10点都有空。 calm:意为:镇静的,平静的,指不受干扰时的宁静,平静,如海洋的平静; 辨析:till/until 用于人时,指沉着,镇定,安定。 When we face danger, we should keep calm. 1) 他们用在肯定句中的时候,要求句子中的动词都是延续性动词或状态性的。 still:意为不动的,静止的,寂静的,仅仅指物理上的安静状态。 2) not…until.‖直到。。。。。才‖ (中考常考的考点) 例句:I didn‘t know it until/till yesterday.我直到昨天才知道那件事。 The baby kept still when she was taking photos. quiet:意为安静的 静止的,指寂静的状态,没有吵闹或指人的,文静,也可指活动的信息。 19.help sb, to do sth./help sb. do sth./help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 注意:can‘t help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事 Be quiet,everyone.The teacher is coming. silent:意为沉默的,无言的,主要用于人,指不发出声音或不说话,强调无声的状态。 20 discuss doing sth. 讨论 研究某事 21..unit5的语法: We shouldn‘t keep silent when the teather asks us some questions. 3. wild adj. 轻率的,鲁莽的。 can的用法,参考知识点1 相关词组:be wild with joy 欣喜若狂/be wild to do sth. 渴望做某事 /be wild about sb./sth. 4. smart adj.聪明的,伶俐的 在句中作表语。 【辨析】:clever/smart clever:多指 聪明伶俐的,侧重于才思敏捷的也可以用于指主意,办法之妙。 smart:侧重指 领悟力强的,含精明,不会被人蒙骗之意。 5.Here are photos of me and my twin sisiter Liu Ying. 这是我和我的双胞胎姐姐刘英的照片。 1)photos 以o结尾的名词变复数,有生命的+es/无生命的+s 例:potatoes,tomatoes,zoos,radios 2)表示―某人的照片‖ 用?s和of的区别。 This Liu Ying‘s photo.这是刘英的照片。(指照片是属于刘英的,但照片的人不一定是刘英本人) This is a photo of Liu Ying‘s.这是刘英的一张照片。(表示的是照片是刘英所拥有的照片中的一张。 This is a photo of Liu Ying.这是一张刘英的照片。(表示的是照片上的人是刘英,而照片属于谁不 知道)。 3)take photos 照相,拍照。 第 11 页 共 22 页 2)more than 超过,多余。=over 6.As you can see,in some ways we look the same,and in some ways we look different。正如你所看见 的,在一些方面我们看起来一样,而在一些方面我们看上去不同。 10.Liu Li and Liu Ying have some things in common.刘英和刘丽有一些共同点。 1)as:在这里是连词:表示―像……一样,正如……‖引导状语从句。 11..Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.刘英不如她的妹妹擅长体育。 注意: as在不同的语境中,有许多不同的含义。(阅读理解出现频率较高) 1)not as…as… 不如……。和……不一样。 , prep.作为;以……为职业。He finds a job as an editor. 注意:中间省略号的部分要+形容词和副词的原级。as tall as , adv. 像……一样;如同。I can run quickly.My sister can run as quickly. 在not as…as… 结构中,第一个as可以换成so 即:not so…as… :不如 , conj. 和……一样;像:It isn‘t so easy as you think. 这不像你想的那么容易。 2)be good at : ― 擅长……,在……方面成绩好。‖ +动词ing : 当……时候:As I was coming here.I met your brother. = do well in 在……方面做得好。 按照:Do as you are told. 12..My friend is the same as me.我的朋友和我一样。 因为,由于:As it was raining,I stayed at home. the same as… ―和……一样‖。反义词组:be different from…― 与。。。。不同的‖ 关于as的词组: as soon as possible 尽快地/ as if 好像/ such as 比如/ as for 关于。至于 13.No,I am a little taller than her. /the same…as 和……一样 a little, much a lot a bit ,far,any,no等可以+比较级 2) in some ways 在一些方面 14.I think a good friend makes me laugh.我认为好朋友能使我开心。 关于way的词组:by the way 顺便说一下/lose one‘s way 迷路/on one‘s way to…在某人去……的牢记:make sb. do sth. 使 某人做某事/make+宾语+形容词。 路上/in the way 挡路/in a way 在某种程度上/go the wrong way 走错路 15..We asked some pepple what they think and tiis is what they said. 3)look the same 看上去一样。 look different 看上去不同 look like…看起来像 我们询问了一些人在他们所想的,这是他们所说的。 7.We both have black eyes and black hair,although my hair is shorter than hers..尽管我的头发比她1)what they think 是宾语从句 what所引导的从句表示―所……的‖ 的短,但我们都是黑眼睛,黑头发。 2)what they said 是表语从句 1) both adj./pron./adv. 两个都…… 16.I like to have friends who are like me. 我喜欢拥有像我一样的朋友。 , 用在be 动词后,行为动词前。You are both too young./They both speak English. 1)who are like me 是定语从句。 , Both of …..+名词复数(复数谓语) 2)第一个like:动词― 喜欢‖。 第二个like: 介词―像,跟。。。。一样‖ , both…and…两者都…… 反义词组:neither…nor…两者都不…… 17..most of…..:大多数 注意:both either neither 与 none的辨析是 中考热门考点 most of +单数名词+单数谓语/ most of+复数名词+复数谓语 2) although 和but 不能同时出现在一个句子里 18..It‘s not necessary to be the same.完全一样是没有必要的。 3) hers:名词性物主代词用法。(中考考点) It‘s+adj.+to do sth.(It是形式主语,to do sth.是真正主语。 8.However,we both enjoy going to parties.不过,我们两个都喜欢参加聚会。 19..He always beats me in tennis. 1)enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 辨析beat/win 相同点:都是动词,表示―赢‖ 2)enjoy oneself=have fun=have a good time 过得愉快,玩得开心 不同:beat+人/win+比赛,竞赛,战争等名词。 9.Liu Li has more than one sister. 刘丽不止有一个姐姐。 20.think的否定前移。 1) more than one+n. ― 不止一个……‖ 作主语时。谓语用单三 21..be good with children 善待孩子们 第 12 页 共 22 页 相关词组:be good with sb.=be good to sb. 善待某人。对某人好 5.How do you make a banana milk shake? 你是怎么样制作香蕉奶昔的, be good for sb. 对某人有好处/be good at 擅长 1)就做某事的方法,方式,途径及动作程度等进行提问用how: 意为―怎样,如何‖ 2)make: 制作。 make sb. sth=make sth for sb. 22..So do you think should get the job,Ruth or Rose? 本句中who作句子的主语,do you think是插入语。在有此类插入语的情况下,疑问代词,疑问6.How many bananas do we need?/How much yogurt do we need? 副词位于句首,后面的句子要用陈述语序。 1)How many…? 多少(可数名词) How much…? 多少(不可数名词)/多少钱, Who do you think is the most outgoing in your class? 2)need当实义动词:需要,必须。 need sth./need to do sth.或sth. needs doing 23..He can‘t stop talking. 牢记:stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情 need当情态动词:一般用于否定句和疑问句中,need后+动词原形 stop to do sth.停下来去做另外一件事 注意:--Must I go now? --Yes,you must./---No,you needn‘t. 7.Let‘s make fruit salad.我们做水果沙拉吧。 1) 牢记:let sb. do sth. 2) Let‘s…让我们……:表示向对方提建议,而又包括说话方和对方在内,反意疑问句用 shall we Let us…让我们……:不包括对方在内,具有请求允许的意味,反意疑问句用will you unit7 8.Finally mix it all up. 最后把它全部混合起来。 1)finally 最后,终于。同义词组:in the end, at last 在句中作状语,通常位于句首,句末或实1.Turn on the blender. 1)turn on 打开(电器等) 反义词:turn off关上(电器等)。 义动词之前,be动词,助动词或情态动词之后。 2)关于turn的词组:turn up(音量调大,调高) turn down (把音量调小,调低) 【辨析】:finally, at last和in the end turn in 上交 turn into 使成为,翻译成 turn to 转向 三者都为―最后,终于‖有时可以互换。 3)辨析:turn on/open finally: 只指一系列事物或论点的顺序,一般不带感情色彩。 turn on表示打开(电灯,自来水开关,煤气,无线电等) 注意代词放中间:turn it on He tried many times,and finally succeeded. open 表示敞开,展开,使……;露在外面。open the window at last有时可与finally互换,但往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后,因而带有较浓厚的感情色彩,表2.Cut up the bananas. 将香蕉切成块。 示不耐烦,放心,如愿等。 He has finished speaking at last. 1)cut up 切碎后跟代词宾语时应该放在cut和up的中间,接名词宾语时放在后面 in the end 终于,可用于预测将来,finally, at last不能。 2)cut…in two/half 把……切成两半/cut down 砍到/cut…into pieces 把……切成碎块 He will be a scientist in the end. 3.Pour the milk into the blender.把牛奶倒进果汁机里。 2)mix it up 代词放中间,名词放前面,后面都可以。 1)pour…into…把……倒进……里 9.Add salt to the noodles.把盐加到面条里。 2)pour还意为:(雨)倾盆而下,下大雨。 1)add…to…把……加到……上 Add 4 to 6 and you have 10. 4+6=10 4.Put the bananas and ice cream into the blender.把香蕉和冰淇淋放进果汁机里。 2)add to 增添,补充。The wonderful song added to our pleasure. 悦耳的歌声给我们增添了欢乐。 1)put..into…=put…in…:那……放进……里去 10..Do you like lettuce in sandwiches? 你喜欢三明治里面夹生菜吗, 2)put…into…还有―把……译成……‖的意思。Put the sentence into English,please. 1)like sth./sb. 喜欢某人/某物 like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事 有关put的词组:put away把……收起来放好/put on 穿上/put off 推迟,延期/put out 熄灭 like to do sth. 一次性的喜欢某事/ like doing sth. 习惯,爱好,长期地喜欢做某事 /put down 放下/put up 建造,挂起,举起/put…on…把……放在……上 2) like 还可以做介词 ―像,与……一样‖ She looks like her mother. 她看上去像她的母亲。 第 13 页 共 22 页 3)注意: would like to do sth./feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 4)check out 结账离开 The record shows that he checked in at the hotel on Monday,and checked 11.First,put some relish on a slice of bread. 首先在面包片上放些佐料。 out on Tuesday night. 记录 混凝土 养护记录下载土方回填监理旁站记录免费下载集备记录下载集备记录下载集备记录下载 表明他于星期一登记住进旅店,星期二晚上结账离开。 1) put…on…:把……放在……之上。 注意: put on 穿上,戴上。 2)slice 薄片,切片。 a slice of bread 一片面包 chicken slices 鸡肉薄片 three slices of chicken 三片鸡肉 12.Super Chicken Sandwich.超级鸡肉三明治。 1)super 超级的,极好的。 还可以用作前缀:supermaket超市 puperpower 超级大国 2)chicken用作不可数名词,意为―鸡肉‖ 用作可数名词:意思是:小鸡。其复数形式是chickens. keep chickens养鸡 3)chicken当名词做sandwich的定语。一般情况下,名词作定语时在数上不受它修饰的名词的影 响而用单数。 a banana tree two apple trees 但是当表示性别的man, woman作定语时,在数上要随它所修饰的名词的单复数而变化。 a man teacher two women doctor 13.Finally put another slice of bread on the top. 最后把另一片面包放在上面。 1)another+单数名词: 另一个 再一个…… unit8 another+数词:‖再,又几个‖=数词+more 1.Did you go to the zoo? I‘m too hungry. I want to eat another two/two more(cakes). 1)Did you„„, 你做„„了吗,是过去时态的一般疑问句,用于询问别人在过去某一时间是否做2)on the top 在……上面,在……上方 了某事。 —Did you visit Mr Wang last Sunday? ----Yes,we did. at the top of : 在……顶部/顶端 2)did做助动词,一般用于一般过去时态的疑问句及其答语和否定句中,相当于一般现在时中的do14.Here‘s a recipe for a great turkey sandwich! 这是一份很棒的火鸡三明治的食谱~ 和does.在句中没有实际意义,只用来帮助完成疑问句和否定句。 这是一个倒装句。Here置于句首。 He watched TV last night.(变一般疑问句)--- Did he watch TV last night? 若主语为名词,要完全倒装,即Here+谓语动词+主语~Here comes the teacher! 注意:did后面+动词原形 若主语为代词,要不完全倒装,即Here+主语+谓语动词~Here it is! 3)did除了用作助动词以外,还可用作实义动词,即do的过去式,意为“做,干” 15.I need some help.我需要一些帮助。 1) help 为名词的时候 是不可数名词 He did his homework after supper last night. 当did做实义动词时,疑问句和否定句中切记把did恢复成动词原形do. 2)与help有关的短语: with one‘s help=with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下 2.hang out with her friends 和她的朋友们闲逛 help oneself 请自便 can‘t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 hang out 闲逛(美国俚语) help sb. with sth.=help sb.(to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 1) hang 作为‖悬挂‖解时,是不规则动词,过去式和过去分词都是hung. 16.First,check you have all the ingredients.首先,检查一下你是否有所有的配料。 2) hang作“吊死,绞死”解时,是规则动词,过去式和过去分词均为hanged. 1)check 动词:检查,核对。 check one‘s answers 3.bought a souvenir 买一件纪念品 2) check 名词:支票,账单。 buy sb. sth=buy sth.for sb. 给某人买某物。 buy sth. from„„ :从„„买某物 3)check on 检查 Please check on the time at the information desk.请到问讯处核查下时间。 第 14 页 共 22 页 4.What else did you do? 你还做别的事了吗, 午饭后,他们去了礼品店,并且买了许多礼品。. else “另外,其他” 常用于修饰不定代词,疑问代词或副词,也可以修饰all,much,little等词,辨析:gift/present 修饰这些词时,else要放在后面,做后置定语。 都是礼物的意思,一般可以通用 other也是“其他的,别的”意思,但other是形容词,用来修饰名词时,需放在名词之前。 gift常含有一定的感情色彩,通常指昂贵的“礼物‖ 强调送礼人的诚意,往往被当作慷慨的行为。 5.Did you win that hat? 你赢了那顶帽子了吗? present常指普通或有一定特殊意义的礼物,价格可高可低,多指送给亲友的礼品,多是出于礼貌,辨析: win/beat 尊敬等。 win通常跟a game, a war, a prize之类的词。 beat后跟人。 注意:make sb. a present of “把某物赠送给某人”是固定说法,不适合用gift替换。 6. Class 9 had a great time on the school trip. 九班的学生在学校旅行中过的很愉快。 10. Finally,tired but happy,they took the bus back to school. (1) on„„trip:在„„旅行期间 on表示“进行,从事于„„” 最后,他们虽然很累但很开心地坐着汽车回到了学校。 关于on的用法:1)在„„上(接触表面) The book is on the desk. take the bus back to school=return to school by bus.意为“乘汽车返回学校” ?以„„方式: He often goes to work on his bike. 关于take的词组:take off 起飞,脱掉 take away 拿走,带走 take photos/pictures照相 ?在„„时间(指具体的某天或某天的早上,中午,晚上) take over接管,接任 take out 掏出/ take care 当心 sttake medicine 服药 take onr‘s time别着急 take a walk散步 . It happened on the morning of May 1 ?关于(专著性的)„„ This book is on/about science. take place 发生 take down 写下,记下 take turns按顺序 ?对„„,朝„„目标 He hit the man on the head.他打了那个人的头。 take part in 参加 ?接近„„,面对„„在„„附近 The school is on your left hand. 11.At the end of the day,the science teacher was happy because the class monitor cleaned the bus after the trip. 那天结束时,科学老师很高兴,因为班长在郊游后把汽车打扫干净了。 (2)trip n.旅行 1) at the ehd of 在„„末端,在„„尽头,可以表示时间,也可以表示地点。 a school trip 学校旅行 a weekend trip 周末旅行 go on a trip 去旅行 at the end of the street 在街道末端(表示地点) at the end of January 在1月底(表示时间) make/take a trip to+地点,去某地旅行 2)by the end of„„ 到„„末为止 7.First they visited the Vistors’ Center. 首先,他们参加了游客中心。 3)in the end 最后,终于。 visit 为动词:参观,拜访。 visitor 为访问者,参观者,游客。 12.That sounds interesting.那听起来很有意思。 -or表示“„„者”: auther 作家 neighbor 邻居 monitor班长,监听员 collector收集者 interesting adj.有趣的,有意思的。 an interesting book 一本有趣的书 actor男演员 doctor 大夫,医生 inventor发明者 elector选民 translator 翻译者 interested adj.感兴趣的 be interested in 对„„感兴趣 conductor 售票员 liberator 解放者 a place of interest 名胜 8.Then they watched a dolphin show. 然后他们观看了一场海豚表演。 13.sleep late 熬夜 词组: fall into a deep sleep 酣然入睡 go to a sleep 入睡,睡着 1) show n.表演,演出,展览,展览会 v. 给„„看,领,带 14.On my next day off,I don’t want to go for a drive. 在我的下一个假日里,我不想开车dolphin show 海豚表演 a picture show 图画展 a fashion show 时装展 去兜风。 2)on show 展览 His pictures are on show now. 1)on用来表示时间里,用在表示具体的“某一天”或“某天的某个时间”的名词前。 rd3) show sb. sth.=show sth.to sb. 给某人看某物 on Tuesday on Tuesday afternoon on the evening of the 3 4) show sb. around 领某人参观 2) off在句中是副词, be off表示“休息,停止” 9.After lunch,they went to the Gift Shop and bought lots of gifts 。 关于off的词组: take off 脱下,起飞 fall off 从„„掉下来 turn off 关上 第 15 页 共 22 页 break off 解除 pay off 付清 get off 下车 He told me all the news but none of it was very exciting.他告诉了我所有的新闻,但没有一件是激动15.I think that sounds fun. 我认为那听起来很有趣。 人心的。(接代词,代替不可数名词。) 1) think的用法: 注意:none还可用于回答how many 或how much引导的特殊疑问句。表示“一个也没有,毫无” ?think之后+从句:即主语+think+从句 注意think的否定前移 --How many students are there in the classroom now? –None. I don‘t think you are right. 翻译成:我认为你不对。 18. sale n. 卖,出售 ?think it(形式宾语)+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. “某人认为„„如何”(本句型需牢记) 1)on /for sale 出售,出卖 Chickens are on sale at the market. 小鸡在市场上出售。 2)yard sale 庭院出售 They had a yard sale yesterday. Do you think it useful for us to read more books? 3) sale作可数名词时,意为“销路,销售量” Sales are up/down this year.今年销路上升/下降了。 ? think about sb./sth. 考虑某人/某事 19.Thanks for„„: 因„„而感谢 后面+名词/动词ing. ?think of +名词/动词ing 想出,想起 20.unit8的语法: 一般过去时 ?think over 仔细考虑 2) fun n. 有趣, 有趣的事 It will be fun. What fun! ?have fun 玩得愉快 have fun doing 做什么事很愉快 ?for fun 开玩笑,不是认真地 He said so only for fun.他这样说只是开玩笑。 ?make fun of sth. 开某人的玩笑 We are making fun of Toby. 16.Can you believe it? 你相信吗, 此句型为情态动词构成的一般疑问句 1)believe v. 相信,认为 2)believe的否定前移 3)believe sb./what sb.says 相信某人/某人所说的话。I believe what you said. 我相信你的话。 4)believe in 信任,信仰(多指品德上的相信) I believe in him. 17. However, no one came to the sale because the weather was so bad. 然而,因为天气如此糟糕,没有人来买东西。 no one 为不定代词,“没有人”,作主语时,看作第三人称单数。 辨析: no one ,nobody和none 1)on one与nobody同义,“没有人‖,只用于指人,单独做主语时,谓语用单数。 There was no one else around. 2)none作为代词,意为“没有一个,毫无”,指三者或三者以上的“没有”也可以指物,常和of 连用,可以修饰可数名词复数,也可以与不可数名词,可数名词单数,集体名词及代词连用,。 none of+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。 none of+复数名词/代词/集体名词,谓语动词用单数或复数均可。 None of these pens work/works. 这些钢笔一支也不能用。(接可数名词复数) 第 16 页 共 22 页 ? 以下几种情况下只能用start,不能用begin. unit9 a. 表示―创办‖,―开设‖。He started a new shop last year. 1.Who‘s that? 那人是谁, b. 表示―机器开动‖。 Can you start the car? 用来询问对方是谁,一般很少这样用,不符合礼仪习惯,一般这样的,我们用that/it回来,而不c. 表示―出发‖―动身‖. We must start early. 用she/he,. 6.When did he stop hiccupping? 他什么时候停止打嗝的, stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 --Who‘s that? --It‘s Mr Green, our English teacher. 7.You are never too young to start doing things. 你永远不要因为太年轻就不去做一些事情。 2.She is a great Chinese ping-pong player. great的讲解: 牢记:1)too…to… ―太……而不能‖,他虽然是肯定结构,表达的却是否定意义。 1)伟大的,大的 a great man 伟人 a great picture 名画 She is too young to go to school. 她太小而不能上学。 2)重大的,非常的 a great decision 重大的决定 2)too…to…可以和so…that…互换。 3)在口语中意为―妙,好‖等于wonderful That‘s great. She is so young that she can‘t go to school. 她太小而不能去上学。 4) 用于地名,事件名称等。 the Great wall 长城 the Great Hall of the people 人民大会堂 3)too…to…结构可以与not…enough to结构互换,但not后面的形容词是too后面的形 辨析: great,big和large 容词的反义词。 都有大的意思。 She is not old enough to go to school. 她不够上学的年龄。 great 大,伟大,常用于抽象,精神上的大; 8.And Ronaldo,the great Brazilian soccer player,player for his national team when he was big 大,指容积,体积大; seventeen.而杰出的巴西足球运动员罗纳尔多,17岁时就为国家对效力了。 large 大,指面积大。 when: 从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意为―当……的时候‖ 3..When was she born? 她是什么时候出生的, Please call me when you arrive. be born 意为―出生,出世‖为被动语态,born是动词bear的过去分词。一般用过去时态,特殊辨析: when与while 情况可以用将来时,即will be born. Another baby will be born next month. 1)when既可以引导一个连续动作,也可以引导一个短暂动作,可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或4.(hiccupping world record 打嗝的世界记录 从句动作先于主句动作发生。 1)world records 世界记录 The train had left when we arrived at the time. 2)?record n. 记录,记载 break the record 打破记录 2)while 引导的动作必须是持续性的,强调某一段时间内,主从句动作同时发生,相当于during the ?record v.记载,记录 The programme was recorded. time. 5.When did he start hiccupping? 你什么时候开始打嗝的, My mother was washing clothes while I was watching TV. 1)start 出发 起程 We must start early. 9.When did she become a movie star?她是什么时候成为一名电影明星的、。 2) start 开始 着手 start work 着手工作 become: 成为,变得,变成。 是系动词用法,后面+形容词或名词作表语。 辨析: start与begin 辨析: become,get,turn和grow 两者都有―开始‖的意思 become强调状态变化,通常用于过去时或完成时。 He became a teacher two years ago. ? start 动作性较强,着重于开始或着手这一点,带有―突然开始‖的意思 get 表示短时间情况的变化,如天气,身体,情绪等。 The news got her down. turn 常指改变性质,状况,颜色等,其表语名词前不用冠词。 Let‘s start to do it at once. ? begin 指开始某一行动或进程。 The meeting will begin at 8:00. Spring is here.The trees turn green. 第 17 页 共 22 页 grow 侧重逐渐变化。She said she grew old. famous 含有―天下皆知,全国闻名‖的意思,语气较强。 10.learn to ride a bicycle. well-known 常用于口语,指小有名气,语气较轻。 learn 学会,学习。 learn a foreign language 学一门外语 1)learn to do sth.意为―学着做某事‖,表示模仿,实践的学习过程,尤指从不会到会。 2)pianist n. 钢琴家 learn to swim learn sth. by heart 背诵 piano n.钢琴 play the piano 弹钢琴 2)learn from 向某人学习,从某处获得知识。 We should learn from Lei Feng. 注意: 演奏某种乐器,用play. 乐器名词前要加定冠词the. 3)learn of 意为―听说,了解到‖He learned of the news yesterday. play the violin play the drum 打鼓 辨析: learn和study 球类,棋类名词前不加the play football play chess learn 强调结果,侧重从不会到学会。I have learned three hundred English words. 15.He began to learn the accordion at the age of four,and he started to learn the piano when he was study 强调学习的动作,侧重―研究,钻研‖He is studying the maths problem. seven. 他4岁时开始学习手风琴,7岁时开始学钢琴。 study 作名词,意为―学习,书房‖ study time a big study at the age of ―在(某人)……岁时,后跟年龄数,相当于when 引导的时间状语从句 11.loving adj.慈爱的 At the age of 12,Edison started writing his own newspaper. loving 用作形容词,意为―慈爱的‖是动词love的形容词形式。 =When he was 12,Edison started writing his own newspaper. th辨析:love,loving和loving Chopin International Piano Competition in 16. In October 2000,Li Yundi took part in the 14love作名词或动词,表示―喜爱,爱‖ I love China very much. Poland. 在2000年10月,李云迪参加了在波兰举行的第14届肖邦国际钢琴大赛。 lovely 是形容词,表示―可爱的,动人的,令人愉快的‖This girl is very lovely. 1)take part in 参加 加入。指参加某一活动并在其中起作用。 Take an active part in 积极参加 loving 是形容词,表示―慈爱的‖常用作定语。Arthur is a loving grandfather. 12.spend 花费 I took part in the game. th2)14 是序数词,第14. 序数词前+the 牢记:spend ,take,cost和pay的用法 辨析: join , take part in 13.I saw her play when I was eight. 我8岁时看过她的表演。 join: 也表示参加,加入,但join 指加入某党派,团体,人群,游戏等并成为一个成员,相当于see为感官动词,此处跟复合宾语,即宾语+宾语补足语,其作宾补的不定式要省略to,表示―看见 某人做某事‖。 become a member of. ? ―join+党派,团体名词‖表示加入某一党派或团体。 He joined the Party last year. 辨析:see sb. do sth.和see sb. doing sth. ? ―join in+某活动‖表示参加某活动,这时相当于take part in see sb. do sth. 看见某人经常做某事或做某事的全过程。I saw Jim go out. ? Join sb. 表示加入到某个行列中(一起做某事) I will join you later. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。He saw a small boy crying in the corner. 与see类似的动词还有find,hear,feel,notice等,宾补为现在分词用法和see一样。 17.He was also the first Chinese pianist in the 70-year history of the competition to win this prize. 他也是在该项比赛的70年历史中第一个获此殊荣的中国钢琴家。 I heard a girl singing in the room. 1)also adv. 也,而且。还。 His wife is also French. 14.Li Yundi,a well-known Chinese pianist,always loved music,中国著名的钢琴家李云迪一直热衷于 not only…but also…: 不但……而且…… (注意:就近原则) 音乐。 The boy can speak not only Chinese,but also English.那个男孩不但会说汉语,而且会说英语。 1).well-known adj.有名的,出名的 =famous 2)句中70-year 是用连字符连接的复合形容词,这种形式中的量词要用单数形式,只能做前置定 be famous for… 以……而著名(=be well-know for…) 语。 He is a 14-year-old boy. 他是一个14岁的男孩。 辨析:famous 和well-known 第 18 页 共 22 页 辨析: also,as well,too和either 四者都表示―也‖ to become famous 是动词不定式作目的状语。 ?aslo用于肯定句,常放在句中,位于系动词或助动词之后,实义动词之前。 动词不定式作目的状语时,可以放句尾,为了强调目的也可以放句首。 John also plays the piano. They are woking late to finish the work on time. He came here to see me. ?as well 用于肯定句,一般放在句末。He speaks French and English as well. 21.He stopped playing football because of his sore back. 由于背痛他停止了踢足球。 ?too和as well一样,用于肯定句中,一般放在句末,但too也可以紧接在主语的后面,在简略答because of…意为―由于……‖后面+名词,代词。 语里用于宾格之后。--I want to eat an apple. ---Me too. 辨析:because 和because of ? either用于否定句中,一般放在句末,肯定句变否定句时,其中的aslo和too等要要改为either. because作连词,用于引导原因状语从句或作why开头问句的答语,其直接原因。 because of 为复合介词词组,后+名词,代词。 I don‘t watch TV,either. He won‘t go,either. 18.Is the person a man or a woman? 这个人是男的还是女的, He is absent today because he is ill. 1)person―人‖,指―一个人‖时,man或woman比person更常用。指很多人时,people比personsHe stayed in hospital because of his illness. 更常用。除了用于公务或非特指某一个人以外,person还有轻蔑之意,着重指―个别人‖ 22.major in 主修……。 major的名词词义为―主修课程,专业课,少校‖也可以作形容词,意为―主注意: 要的,重要的,主修的‖ ?people作―人‖―人们‖讲时,它总是以单数形式表示复数概念,也可以说many/lots of people.three Her major is French. 他的专业是法语。 He is a major in the US army. 他是美国陆军少校。 hundred people,但不可以说a/one people. the people指―人民‖或特指―人们‖。 This is a major road. 这是一条主要街道。 另外,people当―民族‖讲的时候,有单复数之分。a people 表示一个民族,peoples表示许多国家23. the Number One women‘s singles player in the ITTF. 或地区的―不同民族‖。 国际乒乓球联合会女子单打一号选手。 1)无生命的东西的名词所有格一般用of构成的短语来表达。 We study for the peole. There are 56 peoples in China. ?man 有时作―男人‖的总称,有时作―人类‖―人‖讲,其前一般不加冠词。 The leg of the desk is broken.桌子的腿坏了。 a man可指―一个人‖,也可以指―一个男人‖―男子汉‖。 2)两个人共有一个人或物时,只需要一名词后用所有格。 2)这是个选择疑问句,句中2个并列成分用or连接。选择疑问句的答语不能用yes或no来回答,I found my book in Lily and Lucy‘s room.. The woman is Jim and Tom‘s mother. 而是用事实回答。 3)表示两人各自所拥有的东西时,两个名词分别用所有格。 -Whose bag is this,Sarah‘s or Vivian‘s? ---It‘s Sarah‘s. Jon‘s and Jack‘s mothers are both teachers. 19.Is he alive?他还活着吗, 24.unit9的语法:一般过去时。 alive adj. 活着的,在世的;有活力的,有生气的,充满活力的。 辨析: alive, living 和 lively alive:常作表语,也可以做后置定语。alive不可用very修饰,要用very much 或much修饰。 He was the only person alive in that car accident, He must be still alive. living 表示―活着的‖,常作定语,也可以作表语,作表语时与alive相同。 We know there are no living things on the moon. 我们知道月球上没有生物。 lively 表示―活泼的,有生气的‖既可作定语,也可以作表语。 She is a lively girl. 20.What can I do to become famous? 我怎么做才能出名, 第 19 页 共 22 页 2)疑问,怀疑 The question is: what do you want to do? 问题是:你想做什么, unit10 3)the answer to the question 问题的答案 1.What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大以后打算做什么, 1)―be going to+动词原形‖构成一般将来时,表示即将,将要,打算做某事。其中的be要根据句辨析:problem 与question 子中的主语来确定。一般将来时常与表示将来时间的状语如tomorrow,next week,next Sunday. problem指特别难的问题,如数学,几何,失业等问题,或令人困惑的事; question意义广泛,指需要解决或解答的问题。习惯上,解决数理问题用problem,提问史地等问 He is going to visit his friend next Sunday. 2)when 在这句中是连词,意为―当……时‖,用来引导一个时间状语从句。 题多用question. 6.Cheng Han is going to move to New York. 程汉打算搬到纽约。 I‘m going to give her a present when she comes 注意:when 引导的时间状语从句不用将来时,而通常用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。(主将 move v. 从现)。用法相同的还有: as soon as, before,after等引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从1) 移动,搬动,使改变位置。 Please move the box. 句。 2) 感动,鼓励,激起 We were moved to tears. 我们感动得落泪了。 辨析:when while 3)move in 搬家,迁入新居 move on 继续前进,转换话题 when引导时间状语从句,时态用一般现在时或一般过去时。when多指时间上的某一点。 move out 搬出去,搬走 move to 搬到某地 while引导的时间状语从句时,时态是进行时,while常指一段时间,while还有―在……的同时‖―一7.When I grow up,I‘m going to do what I want to do. 当我长大的时候,我打算做我想做的事。 边……一边‖之意。 句中的what I want to do 是一个宾语从句。what在该句中表示―所……的‖ 3)grow up 成长,长大 what引导的宾语从句有两种含义:一是表示疑问,意为―什么‖;二是表示―所……的‖ 2.I‘m going to be a computer programmer. 我打算成为一名电脑程序师。 I take back what I said. 我收回我所说的。 I don‘t know what he is doing now. 我不知道他现在1)computer programmer 电脑程序设计人员,程序师 正在做什么, 2)programmer n. 排练节目者,制定计划者。 8.I‘m going to move somewhere interesting. 我打算搬到某个有趣的地方。 program 用作名词时,意为―节目单,节目,课程,程序‖;用作动词时意为―为……安排节目;somewhere interesting 某个有趣的地方 定语后置 编制程序‖等。 9.Paris sounds like that I could enjoy. 巴黎听起来像是我所喜欢的那种城市。 3.professional adj. 职业的,专业的 1)sound like 意为―听起来像‖,其后跟代词或名词。 professtional knowledge 专业知识 a professional tennis player 职业网球运动员 注意:sound 为系动词,意为―听起来‖后+形容词作表语。 4.I‘m going to practice basketball every day. 我打算每天去练习打篮球。 2)that I could enjoy 是一个定语从句,作city的定语。用一个句子作定语,这个句子就叫定语从1)practice既可以名词―锻炼,练习‖讲,也可以作动词―练习‖讲,此句中为动词用法,一般用于句。引导定语从句的关系词有:that, who,when,why,where等。 practice sth.或practice doing sth. ? that既可指人,也可指物。The man that you met is my teacher. Are you practicing playing the piano? 你在练习弹钢琴吗, ? 关系代词who(指人),whom(who的宾格形式),which(指物),whose(谁的)。 2)every day 为副词短语,意为―每天‖在句中作状语。 The room whose window is broken is our classroom.那个窗户坏了的房间是我们的教室。 注意:everyday意为―日常的,每天的‖是形容词,在句中作定语,一般位于名词前。 He is the man who knows the answer. 他是那个知道答案的人。 He reads newspaper every day. This is our everyday homework.。 ? 关系副词:when(指时间),why(表原因),where(表地点). That is the place where I was born. 那就是我出生的地方。 5. question n. 1) 发问,问题 ask sb. a question Can you tell me the time when you were born?你能告诉我你出生的时间吗, 第 20 页 共 22 页 3) enjoy v. 意为―喜欢,喜爱,享受……的乐趣‖。后+名词,代词或动名词。 2)all the world=around the world 周游世界 辨析:travel,journey,trip和tour Do you enjoy listening to music? Enjoy yourself! travel常指长距离旅行或国外旅行。 He came home after years of foreign travel. journey 常指远距离的陆地旅行。They decided to take a train journey. 10.First,I‘m going to find a part-time job for a year or two and save some money. 首先,我打算找trip 常指短距离的旅行,远足。 I enjoyed our trip to the seaside. 一份兼职工作,工作一两年,并攒一些钱。 tour常指观光,考察等环游旅行。They are on the wedding tour. 1) find ―找到‖,强调找的结果。 13.I‘m going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers. 辨析:find, look for和 find out 我打算写一些文章并把他们送到杂志社。 find: 找到,强调找的结果,是非延续动词。Did you find your English book? send v. ―派,送‖ send…to…―把……送到,把……派到‖. look for 意为―寻找‖强调寻找的动作或过程,是延续性动词。Your mother is looking for you. 有关send 的词组: send away 开除,解雇,赶走 send for 派人去请/叫 find out 意为―发现,找出,查明‖,多指通过调查,询问,研究之后搞清楚,弄明白,或指找出 send off 寄出(信等),发出(信息)。 You should send all the letters off soon. 较难找的抽象的无形的东西。 We must find out the answer to the question. 14.I‘m not sure yet. 我还不确定。 2)part-time adj. 兼职的 a part-time teacher 一位兼职老师 yet ―还‖ 多用于否定句和疑问句中。 Supper isn‘t ready yet. 3)a year or two 一两年=one or two years 辨析: yet和already 类似的还有: a book or two=one or two books 一两本书 yet多用于否定句和疑问句中 two or three girls seven or eight friends 七八个朋友 already 所用于可定的陈述句中,若用于疑问句中则表示惊讶和意外。 4) save some money 攒些钱 He‘s already out now. Do you have to go to bed already? 你现在就得去睡觉吗, ? save v. 储存,节省,积攒 He saved a lot of money. 15. next year 明年,是一般将来时的时间状语。 救,拯救,挽救 He save the boy‘s life. 1)用于一般将来时的时间状语有:tomorrow, in a week(year,month…), next year/week ?money不可数名词,不能用many,a few等修饰,要用much,a little等修饰。 from now on 从现在起 this year/week/term… the day after tomorrow 2) next用作形容词,意为―下一个(次……)的,紧接着到来的‖后接年,月。日等表示时间的词,11.Next,I‘m going to hold art exhibitions because I want to be rich and buy a big house for my parents. 接下来,我打算举办艺术展,因为我想变得富有,并为我的父母买座大房子。 或表示‖其次的;下一次的;隔壁的‖ 1)hold art exhibitions 举行艺术展 hold v. 举行。 如:hold a meeting Who is singing in the next room? 谁在隔壁的房间里唱歌, hold作动词,还有下面的用法: 辨析:next和the next ? 拿着,抓住,抱住 He was holding the baby in his arms. ? next 以现在为起点,说下周(年,月,日)用next. ? 容纳,包含 The plane holds about 300 passengers.这架飞机大约容纳300名乘客。 ? the next 指以过去或将来某一时间为起点,说下周(年,月,日)时用the next. ? 使保持(在某位置) Hold your head up. 抬起头来。 16. We got over 1000 letters,faxes and e-mail from our readers about their New Year‘s resolutions. ? 支撑……的重量 I don‘t think the chair can hold your weight. 我想这把椅子不能支撑你的重 我们收到了1000多封读者关于在新的一年里打算要做的事的来信、传真和电子邮件。 量。 1) get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信,相当于hear from sb. 2)exhibition n. 展览,表演 同义词为―show‖ an exhibition match 表演赛 I got a letter from my pen-pal last week.=I heard from my pen-pal last week. 12.I also want to travel all over the world.我还想要周游世界。 2)over 超过,在……以上(表示数目,程度),相当于more than. He is over forty. 1)travel 注意变形: travelled/travelling/traveller ?over表示―在……以上‖。反义词为under. There is a bridge over the river. 第 21 页 共 22 页 ?表示―在……的上头,在……的上方‖,同义词为above. unit10语法:be going to的用法: A lamp was hanging over the table. 在桌子上面悬挂着一盏灯。 be going to 这一结构主要侧重对未来的―打算‖,一般 预先计划将来的某个时间做某事。其中be关于over的词组:all over 到处都是,遍及 over there 在那边 be over结束 随句中主语的人称和数的变化而变化;to后面接动词原形。句中常含有表示将来的时间状语。 I‘m going to see my uncle this afternoon. 17.A few readers are going to learn a new language. 一些读者打算学习一门新语言。 1. be going to的用法:表示主语有意图,有计划,有准备,所表达的动作基本上会实现。还表示辨析:a few, few, a little, little 主语根据当前的情况做出的预测。通常是有迹象表示某事将要发生,表达说话人较肯定的判断,a few, few 修饰可数名词 a little,little 修饰不可数名词 指即将发生或肯定要发生的事,常用于I‘m sure,I‘m afraid或I think后面。 a few, a little 具有肯定意义,意为―几个,数个‖―一些,一点‖ Look at the dark clouds.It‘s going to rain. few,little 具有否定意义,意为―很少,没有几个‖。―几乎无‖ 2.be going to结构的肯定,否定和疑问结构 (略) 3. be going to结构和一般将来时的区别 He has a few coats,but few good ones. Mike made a few mistakes in class. be going to do指人的―意图,打算‖时,表示事先考虑过;而‖will+动词原形‖表示―意图‖时,表There is little milk in the bottle,is there? --Can you speak English? ---Yes,but just a little. 18.Some girls are going to exercise more to keep fit. 一些女孩们打算多锻炼以保持健康。 示事先没有考虑过。 1)句中fit为形容词,意为―健康的,强健的‖ keep为动词,意为―保持‖,keep fit意为保持健康 表示有明显迹象―将要发生‖用be going to结构,而表示有科学依据的要用will. =keep healthy. Look at the clouds.It‘s going to rain. The radio says it will rain tomorrow. ?keep+sb./sth.+adj. 使某人/某物处于某种状态。 Please keep the door open. ?keep doing sth.一直做某事 Please keep him waiting for me. 以下几种情况用will,不宜用be going to ?keep 还有 遵守的含义。 Everyone must keep the law. 1)表示―带意愿色彩的将来‖时: We will help him if he asks us. ?keep sth.(for sb.) (为某人)留某物 Could you keep my place in the queue? 2)在问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气的邀请或命令时: ?开设,经营 He plans to keep a pub when he retires. Will you please lend me your eraser? ?饲养 He keeps bees in his house. 3)客观事物的发生与主观愿望和判断无关,即表示纯粹的将来时: ?履行(诺言等)Can you keep a secret? The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow morning. ?keep sb./sth. away (from sb./sth.) 使某人/某物不靠近(某人/某物) Police warned standers-by to keep away from the blazing building. ?keep up with sb.=catch up with sb. 赶上某人 If you study hard,you‘ll keep up with your classmates. 2)不定式to keep fit在句中作exercise more ―多锻炼‖的目的状语。 19.communicate with sb. 与某人交流/沟通 20.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 21.do with 对付,处理。 常与疑问词―what‖连用,表示―怎么处理‖。 I don‘t know what to do with the problem. How…deal with? 也是处理的意思 第 22 页 共 22 页
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