沪教牛津版七年级上册unit1讲义

. 七年级(上) UNIT 1 ◆ 重点词汇短语解析: 1. German n.德国人,德语 adj.德国的,德国人的,德语的 German 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“德国人”时,是可数名词,其复数是在后面直接加 s ,即“Germans ”。 2. sound n.声音 v.听起来 ● sound, voice, noise 的区别 ①sound 指能听见的各种声音,不含任何褒贬色彩; ②voice 专指人类的声音,偶尔指禽鸟鸣叫的声音,但一般不指其它动物的叫声; ③noise 通常指大而令人不愉快的“噪音、嘈杂声、喧闹声”等; ● sound 可作为系动词,表示“听起来”,后跟形容词作表语。 The song sounds wonderful. 这首歌听起来很美妙。 3. complete v.完成 adj.完整的,完成的 I will complete the task soon. 我很快会完成这个任务。 Can you make a complete sentence? 你能造一个完整的句子吗? 4. dream n.梦,梦想 v.做梦,梦想 ● “实现某人的梦想”= make one ’s dream come true, realize/ achieve one ’s dream ; ● “梦见/梦想做某事”= dream of/ about doing sth. 5. elder adj.年长的 ● elder 与 older 两者都是 old 的比较级形式,elder 用来表示兄弟姐妹或子女之间的长幼关系,常作定语;older 表 1 示新旧程度、年龄大小关系,可作表语也可作定语。 My elder sister is older than me. 我的姐姐比我大。 6. friendly adj.友好的,友爱的 以-ly结尾的并不一定是副词,常见以-ly结尾的形容词:lovely, lively, lonely, daily…… 7. yourself pron.你自己 ● 反身代词: myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 我自己你自己他自己她自己它自己我们自己你们自己他们自己● 常见反身代词构成的短语: enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心 help oneself to ……随便…… by oneself 独自地,单独地 8. live with 和……住在一起 Who do you live with? 你和谁住一起? 9. close to (在空间、时间上)接近、靠近 My house is close to the park. 我的房子离公园很近。 I live close to the church in our city. 我住在我们城市的教堂附近。 10. go to school 去上学 ● go to work 去上班go to bed 去睡觉go to hospital 去住院 I go to school at seven every day. 我每天 7 点去上学。 11. be good at = do well in 擅长,在……方面做得好 He is good at running. = He does well in running. ● be good for 对……有好处 Eating fruit is good for your health. 吃水果对你的健康有好处。 2 be good to 对……好 Our teacher is good to us. 我们的老师对我们很好。 12. make friends with 和某人交朋友 He is very kind, so everyone wants to make friends with him. 他人很好,所以每个人都希望和他交朋友。 I like making friends on the Internet. 我喜欢在网上交朋友。 13. all over 遍及到处 They travel all over China. 他游遍了中国。 14. far away from 远离…… My hometown is far away from Beijing. 我的家乡离北京很远。 15. would like 想要 I would like this new kind of telephone. 我想要这种新款手机。 He would like to help the poor. 他想要帮助穷人。 16. lots of = a lot of 许多 ● lots of/ a lot of + 可数名词及不可数名词 many + 可数名词 much + 不可数名词 17. free time 空闲时间 What do you usually do in your free time? 你通常在空闲时间做些什么? 18. hope to do 希望做…… I hope to make friends with everyone here. 我希望和这里的每个人交朋友。 19. hear from = get a letter from 收到……的来信 I want to hear from you soon. 我想尽快收到你的来信。 ● hear of 听说 I am so sorry to hear of your dog ’s death. 听说你狗死了,我很难过。 3 ◆ 重点句型解析: 1.My dream is to be……我的梦想是…… 此句为“主系表”结构,其中动词不定式作表语,这类结构的句子主语常有dream, work, task等。 Our work today is to clean the room. 我们今天的工作是打扫房间。 2.What do/does …… do? ……的职业是? ● .问职业的句型有: ①What do/does sb. do? ②What is sb. ? —What is your father? —He is a doctor. ③What is sb.’s job? —What is your father’s job? —He is a doctor. ◆ 语法解析: 1.特殊疑问句 ● 特殊疑问词 意思用法例句 who 谁问人的身份,姓名等He is Jim. Who is he ? He is my brother. Who is he ? what 什么问人的职业或事物是什么He is a worker. What is he? He has a book. What does he have ? which 哪一个问一定范围内特指的人或物The big box is mine. Which box is yours? The girl at the door is Ann. Which girl is Ann? whose 谁的问所属关系This is her book. Whose book is this ? This book is hers. Whose is this book? when 什么时候问时间We play games in the afternoon ? When do you play games? where 什么地方问地点(状语)We play games at home on Sunday ? Where do you play games on Sunday? why 为什么问原因He isn't at school today because he is ill. Why isn't he at school today ? how 怎样问健康状况、He is fine/strong. How is he ? 做事的方式等I go home by bike. How do you go home? 4 how old 多大几岁 问年龄 He is ten.How old is he ? how many 多少 跟复数名词, There are thirty boys in my class. 问数量 How many boys are there in your class? how much 多少 跟不可数名词 There is some milk in the bottle. 问数量或价钱 How much milk is there in the bottle? ● 句型结构:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 ①疑问词 + be + 主语(+其它)? Where is your mother? 你妈妈在哪里? ②疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 行为动词(+其它)? Why do you like English? 你为什么喜欢英语? 2.不定冠词 a 与 an ● 区分用 a 还是 an ①“a ”用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词前; 特别注意:是辅音、元音音素,不是辅 “an ”用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前。 音、元音字母。 a student an apple ②以下单词以不发音的辅音字母“h ”开头,但读音以元音音素开始,加“an ”; an hour an honest man an honor ③以下单词以元音字母“u ”开头,但读音以辅音音素开始,加“a ”; a university a unit a useful book ④易用错冠词的词:a one-eyed man (独眼人) a European ● 不定冠词的用法 ①泛指人或事物的类别; A ruler is a tool. 尺子是一种工具。 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。 5