中医四诊法之闻诊法（By the method of TCM four diagnostic methods）

中医四诊法之闻诊法（By the method of TCM four diagnostic methods） 中医四诊法之闻诊法(By the method of TCM four diagnostic methods) By the method of four diagnostic method of.Txt14 enthusiasm is a great force, from the inside out, inspire us to play the infinite wisdom and vitality; passion is a strong pillar, no matter how difficult the situation is, always gave birth to our optimistic spirit and perseverance...... Without passion, there is no color in the sky of life. The use of hearing and smell, the smell of various diagnostic methods to the patient through the sound and in vivo excretion examination to diagnose diseases. Due to a variety of sounds and smells of the human body are produced in the organs from the physiological and pathological activities, so the change of sound and smell can reflect the physiological and pathological changes of the viscera, in clinical inference and judgment of the types of diseases and healthy. By the two aspects including listening to sound and smell. Listen to the voice of the patient's voice, refers to the examination of language, breathing, cough, vomiting, belching, hiccups, sighing, sneezing, and other bowel sound, mainly according to the voice of the size, height, voicing, difference between cold and heat. Usually, the sound of high R muddy is empirical, otherwise it is a deficiency. Language is the heart disorder disease, breathing, cough, sneezing and lung disease, vomiting, hiccup, belching is stomach qi descending, stomach Shangni performance. Multi sigh and liver related. Smell can be divided into two aspects of disease and disease. Body odor is mainly due to the toxin of human viscera, Qi blood and body fluid produced with gas, resulting from body orifices and discharge out, accordingly, visible of the viscera of cold and heat and evil lies. Usually, all the dirty rotten acid, more true heat syndrome; odorless or slightly fishy, mostly deficiency cold syndrome. The ward is distributed by the smell, smell and body excretion, such as plague patients indoor rotting stench; hemorrhagic syndrome patients with bloody indoor odor; urine in patients with edema disease. Chinese use their hearing and smell, sound and body of the patient and the smell of excrement for diagnosis, to diagnose diseases. As one of the four diagnostic methods. All the sounds and smells of the human body are produced in the organs from the physiological and pathological activities, such as the five sound (call, laugh, cry, groan, song) and fifth (angle, character, palace, business, feather) and five (smelly urine odor, smell, smell, smell, rancid) are with five, is a reflection of the viscera function change. The change of sound and smell can reflect the inner lesions, according to the ups and downs of evil and disease type inference. In clinical practice, by the same inspection, interrogation, palpation combined to a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the condition, making a correct judgment of the disease. Listen to the sound to distinguish the prosperity and decline of the main. Not only can the organ disease examination and pronunciation, but also according to the change of voice, examination of the other internal organs. The new disease, ailment sound more constant, and chronic illness, critical illness has changed its sound. Listen to the voice of speech, including listening to breathing, cough, hiccup, belching sound sound. The voice. The patient's speech sound intensity, can reflect the vitality and evil nature. Voice loud and sonorous words, is an empirical, heat syndrome; mild to voice and less words, is a deficiency and cold syndrome. Deep and harsh voice, common in the exogenous or dampness invasion, as Qi Xuan, airway obstruction. A hoarse voice, no sound said aphonia, because of attacking the lung, Qi Xuan, airway obstruction caused by solid; lung yin deficiency, body fluid can not be on the bearing due to deficiency. The new sound disease belongs to positive, chronic illness is a deficiency of aphonia. Pregnancy in July and aphonia, called Zi Yin, is a physiological phenomenon, after the birth of cure. Language disorders, mostly heart lesions. Agitated restless wild card, is caused by phlegm fire, Yang Syndrome; dementia muttered, silence is more for epilepsy, Tanqi canopy caused by Yin Syndrome; God consciousness is not clear, language reversed, high sound strong, called delirium, belongs to positive; trance, language repetition, low voice to say Zheng Sheng is a deficiency. Respiratory sounds. The breath is strong, the sound is thick and turbid, mostly for the heat evil inside, is true heat syndrome; breathing weakness, low sound, mostly for lung and kidney qi deficiency, belong to deficiency cold syndrome. Shortness of breath and difficulty is dyspnea, sharp attack, high sound rough, to exhale for quick, Because the lung has the solid evil, the gas machine is disadvantageous, belongs to the demonstration; the attack is slow, the sound low interest is tiny, the breath attracts little, the gas does not continue, or the phlegm sound is disadvantageous, belongs to the asthenia syndrome. Dyspnea and phlegm rale are wheezing and phlegm obstructing the airways. Cough sounds. Cough is thick and strong, positive; Kesheng low weak, mostly deficiency. Cough phlegm gurgling, dilute sputum easy to spit, wet phlegm in the lung; dry cough phlegm sound short, less dry, as zaoxieshangfei. Cough cough repeatedly, inhale with roar, for pertussis (whooping cough). Cough hoarseness, dyspnea, throat syndrome is, is critical. Vomiting sounds. Vomiting is slow, low noise and weak, is cold syndrome; vomiting sound high potential fierce, powerful, for excess heat syndrome. Hiccup sounds. Hiccup, commonly known as hiccup. Daily hiccup, the sound is not high not low, no other discomfort due to swallowing shortness caused, is not sick. Er, the sound is loud, short and forceful, and more true; the voice is deep, weak and weak, mostly cold. There is more than a hiccup, the decline of the critically ill like stomach. The sound of belching. Belching, called ructation. If after satiation, because the stomach is not due to stagnation of, can have a sour taste, sound than the sound; if stomach discord or weak stomach Cause, no sour taste, low voice; if the emotional changes caused by the sound is loud, frequent attacks, belching after abdominal is comfortable, often make gastric diseases, with the emotional changes and belching lighter or heavier. Smell the smell of body odor and smell into the ward. Smell to distinguish the evil nature. It includes: (1) odor in the olfactory mouth. Bad breath is stomach or throat, dental caries, oral ulcers, oral unclean etc.. Sour tone, due to indigestion. So, cough spit pus is breath of lung abscess. 2. Odor of olfactory excreta. Phlegm, mucus, defecation, menstruation, leucorrhea, sour smell foul, mostly for excess heat or damp heat. Sputum tears foul and thick yellow, for heat in the lung; stool SuanChou gastrointestinal heat; urine turbid urine odor, leucorrhea yellow and smelly, is damp. All excreta odor slightly fishy, is cold or cold. The smell of shit and loose thin, as cold and smelly E.; leucorrhea Qingxi, dampness bet. A fishy odor of sweat, rheumatic fever long accumulate in the skin, and body fluid change caused by steam. The olfactory scent ward. Is distributed by the body odor and their excrement, such as the plague patient ward filled with rotting stench; sore festering, indoor odor of decay. If the indoor is the scent of blood, urine, blood stasis; more common in patients with edema. Auscultation is abnormal smell through hearing and smell the language, understand the patient breathing, cough, hiccup, belching sound and tone, the secretion and excretion of the judge a diagnostic method, and the evil nature of righteousness and one of the four diagnostic methods can be summarized into two aspects, listen to the sound and smell. Generally speaking, voice loud and strong, many words of restlessness, belongs to positive heat syndrome; low voice weakness, less words and quiet is a deficiency and cold syndrome. Stuffy nose and thick voice to exogenous or wet muddy. A new disease or aphonia sound dumb as an example, is attacking the lung, Qi Xuan; a hoarse or aphonia deficiency, lung kidney yin deficiency. Disorder of language is the lesion of the heart. Delirious, incoherent, loud and strong, as the thermal disturbance of mind; unconsciousness, language repetition, intermittence, sound is low, heart injury syndrome. Rude language, laughing and crying impermanence, manic and disorderly, belongs to phlegm fire, as a wild card; depression is boring, automatic speaking, Tanqi. Epilepsy syndrome. Weak breathing and slow Qi deficiency, and excess heat quickly for the gruff breathing. Asthma sound rude, wheezing sound in the throat of empirical, low voice out of the micro gas, does not continue, or negative sputum, deficiency. Cough, cough phlegm muddy strong, clean, cold cough, lung beam; thick yellow phlegm, wind heat Fanfei; clear sound of cough, dry cough without phlegm, dryness invading the lung; cough paroxysmal, hair repeatedly incessant, red face and eyes, even vomiting, for the liver fire attacking lung as a weakness; cough, cough cough with low foam, shortness of breath, lung deficiency. Hiccup, commonly known as hiccup, high pitched and short, loud and strong, Wrong language: language disorder, patient upside down, knowing wrong is not independent, the heart qi deficiency. Go: fast, high voice hoarse, language, swearing or ranting, in the heart of the mad scramble pyrophlegm card. breathing Respiration is related to lung, kidney and other organs, and it can infer the deficiency and excess of Zang Fu organs by breathing changes. Dyspnea: shortness of breath, shortness of breath, inability to lie flat. Asthenia and excess of dyspnea. It is generally out of acute attack, sturdy body, full and forceful pulse, mostly lung heat, phlegm fluid retention. Slow onset of dyspnea Slow, suction less call more, generally for weak physique, pulse deficiency weakness, belongs to the lung kidney deficiency. Wheezing: shortness of breath with asthma, sputum sputum sounded like whistling, repeated attacks. Due to phlegm and caused by wind cold. Living in the cold area, or eating too much salty sour cold also can cause asthma. Wheezing and wheezing often occur at the same time. Shortness of breath: shortness of breath, shortness of breath and thirst, and short limbs joint pain is positive; shortness of breath weakness, difficulty in urination, is deficiency. Cough: cough is closely related to the lung. Cough phlegm muddy color: innocence, stuffy nose, due to wind cold. Cough have phlegmy: phlegm is easy to cough, cold cough, the phlegm dampness in the lung, lung qi descending. Such as: barking cough sound like barking with sound dumb, much as diphtheria syndrome. Paroxysmal cough: cough, even hemoptysis. Known as whooping cough, cough. Vomit A manifestation of food, sputum and water rushing out of the mouth in the stomach. Vomiting sound is weak, vomiting is slow, vomit substance to clear phlegm water: mostly deficiency syndrome, cold syndrome. Vomiting sound great, spit phlegm yellow, or bitter: mostly positive. Vomiting due to overeating, sour: eiofsf, caused by retention of food in the stomach. Bowel Bowel: belly ring. It can distinguish the position and the illness by sound. Such as the stomach bowel capsule water, vibration sound, walking with hands, as phlegm block. The bowel in the abdomen: only fair food is reduced, cold or hunger increased, due to prolonged illness, or eating cold or cold is caused by abdominal gas with gastrointestinal machine. Odor gas The smell gas can be divided into two types: body Qi and interior gas. Does the gas: Tone: normal people will not smell when speaking, bad breath for indigestion, dental caries, oral cavity unclean. Acid smell is a foul gas for indigestion, rot sore ulcer. Stink: body hair putrid odor, can be considered a sore. The ward of the gas: ward blood for blood disease; use of urine for advanced edema disease; rotten apple sample gas for diabetes are critical disease syndromes. " By listening to the sound of voice and smell disease gas sensing conditions, smell the content specifically, can be divided into voice, language, breathing, vomiting, bowel disease and gas etc.. voice Normal sounds are natural, tonal harmony, language clear. Pathological sounds: Hoarseness: including hoarseness and aphonia, hoarseness is dry throat dysphonia, aphonia is completely unable to pronounce. Due to wind cold or wind heat, cold and heat of lung injury caused by the intersection. Snoring: if sleep is not awake, snoring constantly due to coma, poor airway. It is often seen that the heat enters the pericardium, or the apoplexy enters the viscera. Moan: body pain or swelling, mouth humming. Most of them are headache, chest pain, abdominal pain and toothache. Sneezing: sneezing is caused by Qi Chong, cold rare this card. The external evil time does not heal, suddenly a sneeze, to recover the trillion. language Heart is the heart and heart is the language. Language support: do not speak fluent, vague, slow, thought, more common in stroke sequelae or late fever. Delirium: confusion, and mostly positive. Zheng Sheng: confusion, language repetition, language is not continuous, low voice for deficiency syndrome. Monologue: automatic speaking in acute fever, muttering endlessly, The elderly bedridden or deficiency. Wrong language: language disorder, patient upside down, knowing wrong is not independent, the heart qi deficiency. Go: fast, high voice hoarse, language, swearing or ranting, in the heart of the mad scramble pyrophlegm card. breathing Respiration is related to lung, kidney and other organs, and it can infer the deficiency and excess of Zang Fu organs by breathing changes. Dyspnea: shortness of breath, shortness of breath, inability to lie flat. Asthenia and excess of dyspnea. It is generally out of acute attack, sturdy body, full and forceful pulse, mostly lung heat, phlegm fluid retention. The asthenia asthma is slow onset, less absorption and more calls, generally weak physique, pulse deficiency and weakness, belonging to the lung kidney deficiency. Wheezing: shortness of breath with asthma, sputum sputum sounded like whistling, repeated attacks. Due to phlegm and caused by wind cold. Living in the cold area, or eating too much salty sour cold also can cause asthma. Wheezing and wheezing often occur at the same time. Shortness of breath: shortness of breath, shortness of breath and thirst, and short limbs joint pain is positive; shortness of breath weakness, difficulty in urination, is deficiency. Cough: cough is closely related to the lung. Cough phlegm muddy color: innocence, stuffy nose, due to wind cold. Cough have phlegmy: phlegm is easy to cough, cold cough, the phlegm dampness in the lung, lung qi descending. Such as: barking cough sound like barking with sound dumb, much as diphtheria syndrome. Paroxysmal cough: cough, even hemoptysis. Known as whooping cough, cough. Vomit A manifestation of food, sputum and water rushing out of the mouth in the stomach. Vomiting sound is weak, vomiting is slow, vomit substance to clear phlegm water: mostly deficiency syndrome, cold syndrome. Vomiting sound great, spit phlegm yellow, or bitter: mostly positive. Vomiting due to overeating, sour: eiofsf, caused by retention of food in the stomach. Bowel Bowel: belly ring. It can distinguish the position and the illness by sound. Such as the stomach bowel capsule water, vibration sound, walking with hands, as phlegm block. The bowel in the abdomen: only fair food is reduced, cold or hunger increased, due to prolonged illness, or eating cold or cold is caused by abdominal gas with gastrointestinal machine. Cough is a symptom of abnormal breathing, intense exhalation, and a sound that strikes the throat. Lung disease or other diseases involving the lung, leading to loss of lung qi Shangni, xuanjiang, shot on the throat, cough may occur. There is no sound called cough due to phlegm, lung damage caused by the unclear; phlegm called silent cough, phlegm due to spleen dampness caused by; sound, called a cough is caused by lung, spleen dampness. A new disease is chronic cough disease; cough belongs to internal. Cough is loud and forceful; the weak person suffers from deficiency; the weak person usually suffers from deficiency syndrome. (1) cough and phlegm is strong and thick, yellow viscous, mostly due to wind heat; if the sputum thin white, runny, is cold. (2) and impotent cough, thick yellow sputum, difficult to cough, dry throat pain, belonging to lung heat disease. (3) dry cough without sputum or less phlegm and thick, mostly dry cough or hot cough. (4) cough and sputum block tightness, whiteness, easy to cough, sputum or phlegm is wet conditions. (5) low cough weakness, shortness of breath, sweating, thin sputum, belonging to lung qi deficiency disorders; if cough and night cough more severe, weakness, shortness of breath, backache and other symptoms, often for lung and kidney two empty. (6) hoarse cough, cough less sputum or sputum with blood, such as hot flashes, dry throat, for lung yin deficiency. (7) if the cough burst, was repeatedly ten or twenty times, at the end of the throat a cry like a bird, called pertussis disease. (8) if the cough sound like a dog, and the throat of tunica albuginea, not easy to peel, known as diphtheria, the disease is lung yin deficiency, burn of larynx. By the sound and smell smell includes two aspects. The former by hearing to examine a patient's language, breathing, cough sound; The latter by the sense of smell to examine a patient and the odour of ward and patient excreta, to identify the disease. Listen to the sound: Sound comes from the urge of qi. There are ups and downs in the air, so the sound is strong and weak, and the change of sound is often the embodiment of visceral function. The stimulation of external pathogens or the pathological changes of visceral function can sometimes lead to abnormal sounds. Sound muddy, loud and thick, mostly positive; sound clear light, thin low, mostly deficiency; sound Oh well gas, mostly poor abdomen. Most of the people who breathe more are lack of vital energy. When the sigh, for emotional depression, the mind is not easy. If the cough, cough was lung muddy, Yongsheng; cough sound young and rich, mostly lung heat cough; low, mostly lung deficiency cough; gas poor, mostly Qi xuan. If the vomiting, spit faint, vomit is potential slow, cold spit sound; Zhuang Li, spit out the potential more fierce, more true heat etc.. 1. respiratory rough, disease disease: heat syndrome, empirical. 2. respiratory and micro Qi, Xu Xu Xu: cold syndrome, deficiency syndrome. 3. dyspnea: difficulty in breathing, is very urgent, Taijian mouth, nose incitement. Mainly related to lung and kidney. Catch points for high strength, rich sound real breath; acoustic low micro for asthenia. 4.: Wheezing shortness of breath like dyspnea, throat wheezing. Retention of phlegm and fluid caused by. Wheezing and wheezing, wheezing and wheezing. Dyspnea is the main symptom of dyspnea, wheezing is characterized by wheezing in the throat. 5. less Qi: shortness of breath, shortness of breath, lack of breath, lack of interest, inability to speak. For jiubingtixu, lung or kidney qi deficiency. 6. short: shortness of breath and can not continue, lack of interest to shortness of breath and mild dyspnea, wheezing and respiratory like shoulder, although anxious without phlegm. Short of the actual situation of the points. Bian Que said "look, sound, color, hand written form, words of disease", "Q - > be as big of yin and Yang said:" good diagnosis, observing the color sphygmopalpation, not Yin and Yang, known as the unvoiced part, listen to the voice and know the bitter respite". The Nanjing will by the < > and other three diagnosis compared to the look, smell, ask, cut the order established by the four in the position, emphasize the importance of listening and smelling. However, as one of the four diagnostic methods of Chinese medicine in today's voice, have been gradually ignored the momentum, regardless of the teaching or clinical importance, auscultation and olfaction are difficult to get attention in the diagnosis of the disease process is often not so many diseases four diagnostic methods, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, resulting in failure or mistreatment. This paper gives a brief explanation of voice content, so that the importance of aspiring Chinese voice in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease process to pay attention to it, the Chinese medicine diagnosis system more perfect." Listening and smelling, by listening to the sound and smell to understand the diagnostic method of the patient's condition, as early as in the Yin Dynasty ", which had been welling in terms of disease". "Ji Bian Que biography > Cang Gong said Bian Que can" look, sound, color, hand written form, words of disease "," Q - > be as big of yin and Yang said: "good diagnosis, observing the color sphygmopalpation, not Yin and Yang, known as the unvoiced part, listen to the voice and breathing the bitter". The Nanjing will by the < > and other three diagnosis compared to the look, smell, ask, cut the order established by the four in the position, emphasize the importance of listening and smelling. However, as one of the four diagnostic methods of Chinese medicine in today's voice, have been gradually ignored the momentum, regardless of the teaching or clinical. The importance of listening and smelling are difficult to get attention in the diagnosis of the disease process is often not so many diseases four diagnostic methods, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, resulting in failure or mistreatment. This paper gives a brief explanation of voice content, so that the importance of aspiring Chinese voice in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease process to pay attention to it, the Chinese medicine diagnosis system more perfect. By a variety of voices from the patient of disease of the measuring methods known from its height, priorities, strength, voicing. (1) the voice is loud and sonorous: the healthy qi is not empty, belonging to heat syndrome and positive evidence. The voice is loud: cold, Qi Xuan lung, Tianjin not cloth, Jinning Qi, dampness in the lung, epiglottis, vocal cord thickening, that sounds harsh. 3. Hoarseness: the new disease is hoarse and the wind is cold, and the lung and the epiglottis are invaded by the cold. After the tunnel is collected, the epiglottis is condensed, so that it can not be pronounced. The "silent" Lingshu worry, said: "finally no sound, cold off in disgust with not hair, hair can not, not to its opening and closing, so no sound." Because the disease is cold and true, known as the "gold without Ming predecessors." Chronic hoarseness, lung yin deficiency, water system of fire, the fire caused by the lung. Because of its deficiency of disease, the former people call it "gold break not sound"". If chronic illness, serious illness suddenly hoarse, dirty gas will certainly danger card. Fourth, the sound of low interest, less gas lazy words: is the symbol of Qi deficiency. The "Q - pulse to be refined on" said: "it is a complex micro, all the prophets, the gas also wins." The God Delusion: refers to the patient unconscious, incoherent. It is acute fever, hot man pericardium, disturbed God, become this card. The Zheng sound: terminal illness, emergence of confusion, low voice, repeated contents, are chronic illness is bad, heart qi deficiency, mental disorder. The cough sound level of urgency was cold and heat: cough, no disease, pure red tongue, lack of Tianjin, is heat invading the lung, or water does not contain wood, wood generates fire. Cough phlegm muddy, thin, is cold, in the water to drink, or yang deficiency, water retention. Cough is not urgent, repeatedly, Hanxie beam, airway spasm caused by. Spit the sputum, cough is stop, is the disease obstruction of the airway. It is hiccup: diaphragm spasm disease. The loud, repeatedly more than, for Qi Xuan, temper, stagnation of liver qi, cause disease of diaphragm spasm, true. Uh uh if sound low, when a disease is deficiency, spleen kidney yang deficiency, loss of the temperature and film is well; Yin deficiency of liver and kidney, and it lost its own film, also between the. Chinese medicine can judge your body condition by abnormal taste in the mouth. Sweet: Chinese medicine is the spleen, liver and spleen disease caused by intrinsic fire. More common in diabetes and digestive disorders. Sad: Chinese medicine is the heat caused by spleen liver. Mouth acid in gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcer. Taste: Chinese medicine that is hot, courage fumigation caused by hepatobiliary. Pain often associated with bile metabolism, found in acute and chronic hepatitis, cholecystitis, gallstones and gallbladder tumors. Saltytaste: Chinese medicine is deficiency of kidney yin, deficiency caused by floating. In neurosis, chronic nephritis, chronic pharyngitis, oral ulcer. In: Chinese medicine is the spleen and stomach, due to inability to transport. It is mainly seen in digestive system and endocrine system diseases, malnutrition, vitamins and trace elements zinc deficiency. Bad breath: Chinese medicine is in the stomach, food stagnation caused by sewage shangni. More common in oral diseases and indigestion, such as pharyngitis, stomatitis, gingivitis, oral ulcers, dental caries, gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers and gastric cancer. Spicy: Chinese medicine that is pulmonary inflammation caused by heat or stomach. In hypertension, neurosis, menopausal syndrome, long-term fever. Of course, mouth odor is drinking, smoking, diet, sleep, and drug related odor in mouth, to timely medical treatment, to find out the reasons. Odor gas The smell gas can be divided into two types: body Qi and interior gas. Does the gas: Tone: normal people will not smell when speaking, bad breath for indigestion, dental caries, oral cavity unclean. Acid smell is a foul gas for indigestion, rot sore ulcer. Stink: body hair putrid odor, can be considered a sore. The ward of the gas: ward blood for blood disease; use of urine for advanced edema disease; rotten apple sample gas for diabetes are critical disease syndromes.