非谓语动词中考考点分析

非谓语动词中考考点分析 江西 刘洪生 英语非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词3种形式，它是初中 英语语法 英语语法基础知识一七年级下英语语法大全小学英语语法汇总英语语法题及解析初二下英语语法知识点 的重点，也是历年各地中考必考的语法项目之一。下面，我们就实战中考题为例，给同学们归纳一下。 1. So much work usually makes them ______ very tired . (2002/吉林) A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel 2. Many boys and girls are made ______ what they”re not _________ . (2001/青岛) A. to do , interested B. to do , interested in C. do , interested in D. doing , interested [揭秘]在主动句中，let , make , have等使役动词之后接的不定式要省略to，其在句子中充当宾语补足语，如例1。而在被动句中，to不能省略，不定式充当主语的补足语，与主语一起构成复合主语，如例2。 3. He asked me ______ to his birthday party . (2001/长沙) A. to go B. go C. goes D. went 4. The teacher told the students _______ in class . (2002/山西) A. not talk B. don”t talk C. didn”t talk D. not to talk [揭秘]want , ask , tell , order , try , would like等词和词组之后接动词不动式，充当宾语补足语，如例3。这些词之后也可接不定式的否定结构，不定式的否定结构是在不定式前加not，即成为“not to do sth”，在句中也充当宾语补足语，如例4。 5. I didn”t go to bed until I finish ________ my homework . (2002/南 宁) A. to do B. doing C. did D. do 6. He doesn”t feel like ________ anything today . (2001/黑龙江) A. to eat B. eating C. eat D. ate [揭秘]finish , keep , enjoy , mind , hate等动词之后接动词不定式v-ing 形式作宾语。feel like , be busy , be good at , be interested in , can”t help(禁不住)，be worth(值得)，spend+时间+on，stop sb. from , prefer„„ to„„等词组之后也常接动词v-ing形式作宾语补足语或状语。 7. We saw him _________ the building and go upstairs . (2002/河南) A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered 8. When I was walking in the street , I saw a plane _______ over my head . (2002/福州) A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly [揭秘]see和hear后面即可接不带to的不定式，也可接动词v-ing形式，但含 义有所不同。see(hear) sb. do sth.意思是“看到(听到)某人干了某事”， 强调动作已经发生或经常发生。而see(hear) sb. doing sth.意思是“看到(听 到)某人正在干某事”，强调动作正在发生。 9. Stop ______ so much noise ! Father is working at the desk . (2002/ 北京东城区) A. to make B. making C. to hear D. hearing 10. You must very tired , why not ______ a rest ? (2002/厦门) A. to stop to have B. to stop having C. stop to have D. stop having [揭秘]“停止干某事”是stop doing sth.;“停下正在做的某事去做另一件事”， 是stop to do sth.。类似的词组有:go (keep) on doing sth.，意为“继续 做某事”(前后做同一件事);go(keep) on to do sth.，意为“做完某事之后 接着做另一件事”(前后做不同的事)。 11. ,I”m sorry , I ______ my homework at home . (2001/河北) ,That”s all riht . Don”t forget _______ it to school this afternoon . A. forget , to take B. forget , bring C. left , to take D. left , to bring 12. ,Where”s my letter , Mum ? ,You posted it yesterday . ,Oh , I really forget _____ it . A. post B. posts C. to post D. posting [揭秘]forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事”(应做而未做，动作尚未发生); forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过了某事”(动作已经发生)。类似的词组有 remember to do sth.意为“记得要做某事”(动作未发生)，remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”(动作已发生)。 13. I really don”t know _______ about it . (2002/天津) A. what to do B. how to do C. to do what D. how can I do [揭秘]“特殊疑问词+不定式”作宾语的结构。可使用该结构常见的谓语动词有: know , show , tell , ask , teach , learn , wonder , understand , find out 等。 14. You”d better _______ his computer . Mine is broken . A. use B. uses C. to use D. using 15. You”d better ________ football in the street . (2002/南宁) A. not play B. playing C. not to play D. play [揭秘]had better后接的不定式须省略to，如例14。其否定结构是“had better not +动词原形”，如例15。英语中，除了一些使役动词和感官动词(常见的感 官动词有:hear , see , watch , feel , notise , taste , smell等)，后 面常接不带to的不定式外，还有had better , would rather(宁愿)等。应 注意的是，在被动句中，使役动词之后的不定式不能省略to(如例2)，感官动 词也是如此。 16. ,_______ you like to go shopping with me ?(2002/青岛) ,Yes , I ________ . A. Would , would B. Will , will like C. Would , would love D. Would , would love to 17. I”d like you ______ my parents tomorrow evening . (not meet) (1999/ 黄冈)(用所给词的适当形式填空) [揭秘]would like后接动词不定式，意为“想要做某事”，其否定形式是在不 定式前加上not，即为“would like not to do sth.”，如例17。对“Would you like„„?”句型做肯定回答时，应为“Yes , I would like (love) to”。切 记to不能省略，如例16。 18. 改错题 Please get a pen to write and some paper to write on . (2002/南京) A B C D [揭秘]动词不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点或工具时，其后应加 上相关介词。例如上题“a pen”是“write”的工具，故“write”之后应加上 介词“with”。常见的这类动词短语有talk about , look after , hear of , take care of , pay attention to等。又如:He has no house to live in .其中house是live的地点，故live后应加介词in。