首页 激素目的及种类说明、hrt国际常规用量介绍(12-01-01 updated)-『 激素讨论 』 - 风荷雅筑 xiasl_net(Introduces the purpose and types of hormone HRT (12-01-01 updated) international conv..

激素目的及种类说明、hrt国际常规用量介绍(12-01-01 updated)-『 激素讨论 』 - 风荷雅筑 xiasl_net(Introduces the purpose and types of hormone HRT (12-01-01 updated) international conv..

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激素目的及种类说明、hrt国际常规用量介绍(12-01-01 updated)-『 激素讨论 』 - 风荷雅筑 xiasl_net(Introduces the purpose and types of hormone HRT (12-01-01 updated) international conv..激素目的及种类说明、hrt国际常规用量介绍(12-01-01 updated)-『 激素讨论 』 - 风荷雅筑 xiasl_net(Introduces the purpose and types of hormone HRT (12-01-01 updated) international conv.. 激素目的及种类说明、hrt国际常规用量介绍(12-01-01 updated)- 『 激素讨论 』 - 风荷雅筑 xiasl_net(Introduces the purpose and types of h...

激素目的及种类说明、hrt国际常规用量介绍(12-01-01 updated)-『 激素讨论 』 - 风荷雅筑 xiasl_net(Introduces the purpose and types of hormone HRT (12-01-01 updated) international conv..
激素目的及种类说明、hrt国际常规用量介绍(12-01-01 updated)-『 激素讨论 』 - 风荷雅筑 xiasl_net(Introduces the purpose and types of hormone HRT (12-01-01 updated) international conv.. 激素目的及种类说明、hrt国际常规用量介绍(12-01-01 updated)- 『 激素讨论 』 - 风荷雅筑 xiasl_net(Introduces the purpose and types of hormone HRT (12-01-01 updated) international conventional dosage - hormone - xiasl_net wind Yazhu discussion) [declaration] HRT (hormone replacement therapy) as part of the preoperative treatment of TS, its real purpose is: 1, slow down the anxiety and pain caused by androgen in the body, and prevent the body from continuing to be masculine 2, as one of the important basis for judging whether the party is suitable for operation (Note: resistance is the most important part of the preoperative HRT. It is also the key to the above goal. No, it is not HRT at all In addition to any such as "in order to skin better, in order to have chest, in order to become beautiful, in order to use hormone more feminine" is not the purpose of preoperative is only incidental effect, but the effect is not obvious in preoperative or no. If hormones are used for these purposes before surgery, your understanding of HRT is wrong and inappropriate for hormones The above is for admission is TS group, do not want to cut below, do not want to, do not want to because of the hormone raised against aggravated visceral burden or cause cancer and premature death in non TS group, hormone is not poison. Want to touch ============ Types of estrogen drugs 1. Natural estrogens: Basically is a natural estrogen secretion in vivo, including estradiol (E2), estrone (E0), female three alcohol (E3). They are closely related to the process of metabolism and the development and maintenance of sexual characteristics in the body. 2. Semisynthetic estrogens: In the basic structure of steroid hormone, some drugs which have estrogenic activity are synthesized by artificial method to lose certain groups or increase some groups, such as alkyne estradiol, Neal estradiol and so on. 3. Synthetic estrogens: Nonsteroidal estrogen hormone. Frame structure is not steroidal drugs, but they have estrogenic activity, such as diethylstilbestrol, Hexestrol, three aromatic vinyl chloride. The above three kinds of impact on human organs and injury size were: [minimum] natural estrogen < synthetic estrogen > synthetic estrogen [maximum] Preparations and function characteristics of estrogen drugs 1. Natural estrogen preparation: (1) 17 beta estradiol: the name of the product is 1mg/, a naturally occurring human 17 beta estradiol, tablets: tablets. (2) estradiol valerate: brand name is a long-term progynova, estradiol derivatives, i.e. estradiol valerate. The injection was released slowly after intramuscular injection, and the effect lasted for 2 weeks to 4 weeks. Injection: 5mg/1ml, 10mg/1ml; tablets: 1mg/ tablets. (3) conjugated estrogen (equine estrogen): trade name of the United States of America force (Hong Lilai), as a combination of estrogen, is extracted from the pregnant horse urine water-soluble natural conjugated estrogen. The main ingredient is sodium estrone sulfate. Tablets: 0.3mg/ tablets, 0.625mg/ tablets. (4) estradiol propionate, a long-acting estrogen preparation, is estradiol propionate, which is stronger and longer lasting than estradiol valerate. The duration is 3 weeks to 4 weeks. Injection: 1mg/ml, 2mg/1ml, 5mg/1ml, for intramuscular injection. (5) estradiol benzoate: widely used medium and short acting estrogen preparation, estradiol benzoate, oil solvent, for intramuscular injection, the effect is maintained for 2 to 5 days. Because of the short duration and large amount of demand, it is not recommended. Injection: 1mg/1ml, 2mg/1ml. (6) female three alcohol: tablets: 1mg/ tablets, 5mg/ tablets; injection: 10mg/1ml; external use: topical cod liver oil preparations, containing E3 0.01%. 2. Semisynthetic estrogen preparation: (1) alkyne estradiol: also called acetylene estradiol, Is a powerful oral estrogen preparation, about 20 times the effect of estrogen. Tablets: 5 g/ tablets, 20 g/ tablets, 50 g/ tablets, 500 g/ tablets. (2) Neal estradiol: it is a derivative of female three alcohol. It is a long-acting oral estrogen, which can selectively act on the vagina and cervical canal, but has little effect on the endometrium. Tablets: 1mg/ tablets, 2mg/ tablets, 5mg/ tablets. 3. Synthetic estrogen preparation: Diethylstilbestrol, also called ethyl phenol. Strong effect, low price, is one of the commonly used early estrogen preparations of last century, but also an early ripening treatment of livestock. But because of its high carcinogenicity and gradually stop the application and production, is currently used only for advanced prostate cancer and breast cancer treatment. Tablets: 0.1mg/ tablets, 0.25mg/ tablets, 0.5mg/ tablets, 1mg/ tablets, 2mg/ tablets, injections: 0.5mg/1ml, 1mg/1ml, 2mg/1ml, for intramuscular injection. Types and preparations of progesterone drugs 1. Progesterone (progesterone), or progesterone, is the natural progesterone. They are synthesized by hand. Progesterone is still one of the most commonly used progestin. (1) injection: oral invalid. After intramuscular injection, it acts quickly and disappears quickly, so it needs to be injected every day or every other day. The injection has 10mg / stent and 20mg / stent. The compound progesterone injection contains 1ml benzoate, estradiol, 2mg and progesterone 20mg in each group. (2) tablets: micronized progesterone. In recent years, the oral effective natural progesterone has no toxic effects on synthetic progesterone, which is the same as that of human progesterone. The oral tablet is 100mg/ tablet and the suppository is the same. 2. Progesterone derivatives Progesterone, a metabolite of 17a- hydroxy progesterone, has no biological effect, but after its hydroxyl position is esterified on 17a, the effect of progesterone is not only restored but also enhanced: (1) medroxyprogesterone acetate (Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Provera, DMPA): brand name medroxyprogesterone acetate. Both oral and intramuscular injections are effective. The tablets were 2mg, 50mg / 100mg, 75mg, and so on. A large dose of 100mg / tablet, 200mg / tablet, 500mg / tablet has been taken orally at present. (2) megestrol acetate (Megestrolacetate); brand name Funing tablets. The chemical name is 6- chloro - formyl 6-17 alpha acetyl progesterone. The oral tablet is 1mg / tablet, 4mg / tablet. (3) progesterone chloride (chlormadinone (acetate): the chemical name is 6- chloride - 6-17 alpha acetyl progesterone. Oral tablets are 2mg / tablet, 6mg / tablet, 12mg / tablet, etc.. (4) progesterone caproate (hydroxyprogesterone (caproate): the chemical name is 17 alpha hydroxy progesterone caproate, a long-acting progestin, whose progesterone activity is 7 times that of progesterone and can last more than 1-2 weeks. The injection has 125mg / stent, 250mg / stent for intramuscular injection. 3. 19- demethylation of testosterone derivatives Testosterone acts as a powerful progestin in 19 place. Domestic commonly used preparations are: (1) norethisterone (norethisterone, norethindrone): a chemical called alpha 17 ethynyl 19- nortestosterone, marketed as norlutin. In addition to progesterone, there is a slight androgen effect. Oral tablets are 0.625mg / tablets, 2.5mg / tablets, 3mg / tablets and 5mg / tablets. (2) levonorgestrel (norgestrel): or 18- methyl alkyne. The 18 methyl group of levonorgestrel is changed into ethyl group, which is the most powerful hormone in the family of progesterone and has the effect of androgen. Oral tablets are 0.3mg / tablet, 3mg / tablet, etc.. (3) norethynodrel is similar to the chemical structure of alkyne, and the difference is that the double chain of alkyne is in the fourth to 5 position, and varies from fifth to 10. Progesterone is weak and has no androgen effect. Oral tablets are 2.5mg / tablet and 5mg / tablet. Regarding Oral compound contraceptive drugs Regardless of the length of the effect is very not recommended, the reasons can refer to the following link: Introduction of anti male drugs First, strong anti male drugs 2 of the first male anti HRT drugs listed below are anti androgen principle, which directly combines androgen receptors to block androgen synthesis, thereby reducing androgen levels. 1. Spironolactone / spironolactone (spironolactone) Spironolactone is both a lactone sterol. The drug potassium-sparing diuretic function, which makes the kidney in the operation of water and excess sodium excretion, while reducing potassium metabolism. It was originally used to treat low potassium induced hypertension, hypokalemia, and Kang syndrome. In HRT, the drug acts as an anti androgenic agent, participates in the competition for androgen receptors, inhibits androgen biosynthesis, and enhances the metabolic clearance rate of testosterone. The drug also inhibits the activity of cytochrome P450 and 17 hydroxylase, which is partially inhibited by 17 hydroxylase in the adrenal cortex, which inhibits androgen biosynthesis. Because there is no license for progesterone, the drug is the first choice for male HRT in the United states. The main liver / adrenal metabolic drugs. Anti male effect: A. User feedback from the Susan forum, about half a year's normal dosage can reduce androgen levels to the average female degree (T parameter less than 2.5), 1 years later may tend to low value limit (0.5). B. Information from xyfff: The approximate content is: [observed a total of 50 people were preoperatively diagnosed by MtF, 27 people began to observe before conventional high dose estrogen therapy, 23 people; the 50 objects are beginning to start to use spironolactone + small dose of estrogen. At the beginning of the study, the 27 group, despite more than 2 years of high-dose estrogen therapy, still had a much higher androgen level than women. In 12 months of spironolactone (dose 200-600mg/day), androgen levels in 2 groups of objects have reached the standard of women. In the 27 group, estrogen levels were reduced and the injection route was stopped, androgen levels remained at the female standard, while the 23 group showed a more pronounced change, with an average decrease of about 95% in free testosterone levels. ] (Note: the above body dose should be relatively high, in order to observe the different dosage, bierte arranged actual HRT don't need to eat so much, please do not imitate) Important notes: Because the drug has potassium sparing effect, may cause hyperkalemia, usually careful not to eat a lot of food with high potassium (with seaweed, beans, peanuts, potatoes, bananas, spinach, letinous edodes and so on, all kinds of common food in the fruit juice), but also not too nervous, maintain the normal meal volume on the line. At the same time, drink plenty of water to prevent high potassium. Other attention: A. Avoid drinking; B. Avoid taking the drug can cause dizziness (such as cold medicine, analgesics, muscle relaxants, and drugs for the treatment of epilepsy, depression); C. Do not use salt substitutes or low sodium dairy products because they contain potassium; D. Avoid high salt intake, because it can cause water in the body difficult to discharge, thereby reducing efficacy; Not too low salt, too low blood sodium will cause the kidney to reduce potassium excretion function; E. The drug may cause a decrease in thinking and reaction, so be careful when driving or doing other activities that require sobriety; F. Avoid overheating, dehydration, and staying in high temperatures during exercise. 2. Cyproterone acetate / cyproterone acetate (color pulung) Cyproterone acetate, cyproterone acetate, is currently the strongest anti male drug, by reducing testosterone and dihydrotestosterone activity in tissues and cells, and inhibit the binding of luteinizing hormone to reduce the level of androgen and androgen receptor. In the past, it was mainly used for the treatment of prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, persistent erection disease, and sexual desire. Because the medicine is metabolized by the liver, it may cause hepatotoxicity if used for a long time. If this symptom occurs, the medicine should be discontinued immediately. The drug causes high blood sugar and is used with caution by diabetics or other related contraindications. The drug should not be discontinued during the course of the procedure, and some manufacturers will note that the dose should not be greater than 50mg, and the interval should be several weeks. The main reason is that progesterone acetate affects the adrenal gland. Because of its adrenal cortical activity, high levels of Progesterone Acetate decrease the secretion of ACTH in the body and, if discontinued, can cause adrenal insufficiency. In addition, although cyproterone acetate can reduce androgen synthesis in the gonads, but increased adrenal androgen synthesis, so in some cases will cause short-term androgen levels overall rise, so all of a sudden stop will cause the male effect is not necessary. The drug is not licensed worldwide (as in the United States), but is widely used in Europe as the preferred anti - HRT drug in europe. Liver metabolism drugs. Important notes: Higher risk of thrombosis was associated with higher doses of progestin in combination with progesterone, 1, avoid with high thrombus rate estrogen (such as alkyne estradiol and conjugated estrogen) collocation, as far as possible with low thrombus rate estrogen (such as estradiol) collocation; 2, estrogen dosage as far as possible minimum (depending on the situation with smaller values) to reduce the risk of thrombosis. Two, weak anti male drugs The anti male drugs listed below are rarely used in HRT because their anti male effects are weak. They do not reduce androgen levels, but to prevent the testosterone and dihydrotestosterone and androgen receptor binding to reduce androgen production, and because they are on the role of the pituitary gland is weak, so does not reduce libido or reduce erection, more cases of these drugs are used to treat prostate cancer. All of the following are non steroidal drugs. 1. Flutamide / flutamide (fugerel) The drug is used to treat prostate cancer, it will be the testosterone and dihydrotestosterone competitive receptor and androgen in the prostate, in order to prevent the androgen stimulation on cancer cells. Flutamide has now been replaced by a more effective and less side effects of the drug bicalutamide. Liver metabolism drugs. 2. Nilutamide / Ni Rumi Te (Andhra) The drug is used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. The principle is to block the androgen receptor to prevent it from binding to testosterone, an anti androgen receptor drug. Liver metabolism drugs. 3. Bicalutamide / bicalutamide (Kang Shide) The anti androgen effect was first discovered in castration treatment of advanced prostate cancer in 1995, and was subsequently used in monotherapy for early prostate cancer. Because of its good efficacy and low side effects, it has become a common treatment for prostate cancer. Liver metabolism drugs. Three. Other androgen inhibitors The following chemical compound anti male effect is very weak, but their inhibitory effects on dihydrotestosterone can play an effective hair growth effect. These drugs are 5 alpha reductase inhibitors for blocking 5 alpha reductase from testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. (Note: the binding activity of dihydrotestosterone and androgen receptor is 2.5 times the testosterone) 1. Finasteride / Finasteride The drug for inhibition of 5 alpha reductase type II can block 5A reductase reaction of 40%~80%, it will prevent the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. The use of the medicine after dihydrotestosterone levels drop, prostate volume reduction, but does not affect the luteinizing hormone and testosterone concentrations, had no effects on libido and sexual function (impact probability 5%). A low dose of this drug is often used to treat BPH, and a high dose of this drug is used to treat prostate cancer. The drug is also used in many countries for the treatment of male pattern baldness. 2. Dutasteride / DEG, finasteride capsules The drug is used to treat diseases caused by dihydrotestosterone, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia. Simultaneous blocking of 5 alpha reductase type I and type II is also used in the treatment of alopecia. Be careful: 1, the following green text content of the amount of reference only, written out in order to prevent indiscriminate use of drugs, excessive use of drugs. The individual dosage can be less than the following, but don't exceed it at any rate. Not only your excessive drug use but poor results. 2, MtF HRT standard content: estrogen + anti male drugs. Progesterone is optional but not essential. 3, once you start using the following regular drug combinations, you should stop taking all contraceptive drugs, to prevent excessive hormone, drug interactions, as well as a variety of individual differences caused by side effects. Added: before oral medication, there are Asian dosage, do not choose the front of the international dosage, so as not to excess (injection and other categories are unknown) HRT international regular dose (only one option per hormone before surgery) 1. Estrogen: Oral: conjugated estrogen (conjugated, equine, estrogens) - - (Premarin): 5-10mg/day (Asia: 2.5-5mg/day) (Note 5) Orally taken: estradiol (estradiol) - Connaught Kun (Estrofem): 4-8mg/day (Asia: 4-6mg/day) Orally taken: estradiol valerate (estradiol, valerate) Prognova) - (Progynova): 4-8mg/day (Asia: 4-6mg/day) Injection: estradiol valerate (estradiol, valerate) - Estradiol Valerate Injection, 5-10mg/2weeks Injection: estradiol (estradiol, cypionate) - estradiol propionate injection, 2-5mg/month Patch: estradiol (estradiol) - Estradiol Patches, 0.2mg/day Add one that is not recommended: Injection: estradiol benzoate (Estradiol) Benzoate) - estradiol benzoate, 25mg/week, 2-3 times, that is, 10mg/3day (which is high in dosage, high in frequency and so in injection), is not recommended 2. Progesterone: Oral administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Provera) - medroxyprogesterone acetate: 5-10mg/day (unchanged in Asia) Oral: micronized progesterone (progesterone Micronised (-Prometrium) Chinese name unknown): 100mg/day (alternative medicine: Qining Progesterone Soft Capsules, 100mg/day (Asia) unchanged) Injection: medroxyprogesterone acetate (medroxyprogesterone) - Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Injectable Suspension (Depo Provera): 50mg/2weeks, 100mg/month Injection: oily progesterone (progesterone, in, oil, PIO) -50mg/2weeks 3. Anti male drug: Oral: spironolactone (spironolactone) - spironolactone (Aldactone): 100-200mg/day (Asia: 100mg/day) Oral administration of triamcinolone acetate (cyproterone, acetate) Color (Andeka) - pulung ingot, Androcur): 50-100mg/day (Asia: 25-50mg/day) HRT international regular dose (after surgery, each hormone is only one option) 1. Estrogen: Oral: conjugated estrogen (conjugated, equine, estrogens) ) - (Premarin): 0.625-1.25mg/day (Asia unchanged) (Note 5) Oral: estradiol (estradiol) - Connaught Kun (Estrofem): 1-2mg/day (unchanged in Asia) Oral: estradiol valerate (estradiol valerate) - (Progynova) 1-2mg/day: progynova (Asia unchanged) 2. Progesterone: Stop it 3. Anti male drug: Stop it ========================= line ============================= Other attention: Note 1. About the ene powder, this international is not in all kinds of HRT, and because of carcinogenic relationship, has been banned in gynecology and animal husbandry and other places to use. In China, it is usually used only as a symptomatic relief drug for advanced prostate cancer, but occasionally an irresponsible doctor turns it on as an artificial cycle. This medicine is highly recommended. Note 2. Hormones can speed up vitamin metabolism in the body, so proper vitamin supplements are necessary, such as VB, VC, or a variety of synthetic tablets. At regular doses, usually without dosage. Note 3. Although sublingual hormone can increase the effect, it can also cause an additional burden on the heart, which should be noted before use. Long period of sustained release tablets can not break to eat, will destroy the tablet structures lose release effect. Note 4. Take drugs at least 2 times a day to eat, and if possible, 3 times, it is best not to focus on 1 times, or because the metabolic cycle is not long enough to cause hormone levels in the body, ups and downs, and lose stability. Note 5. A conjugated estrogens (Premarin, red Polaroid), now the drug situation is more embarrassing, on the one hand the high rate of thrombosis are confirmed, on the other hand there are folk carcinogenicity reports, one of the biggest problems is that the drug sources of raw materials from pregnant mare urine, in order to get the A large number of horses and horse urine, forced pregnancy and continued over irrigation, which is part of the animal abuse is very serious in foreign countries, so the Beimeili now has basically stopped production in foreign countries. So don't judge yourself with this medicine. Although it is one of the first choice drugs for international HRT, personal feelings are likely to be removed in the future.
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