Unit Six Why Are We Addicted to Soaps

Unit Six Why Are We Addicted to Soaps Unit Seven The Richest Man in the World (1) . Speaking: How do you spend your money if you have a large amount of money? The world is full of opportunities and uncertainty. It is possible you will be a millionaire or billionaire tomorrow by inheriting or winning the prize in a lottery or by your own. Then what will you do with it? Possible answer: buy lottery tickets; hide it in a save or under the mattress; deposit it in the bank; invest it in stock; spend it on luxuries, ect. . Extra information 1. The top 10 of the richest men in China Show the students some pictures of these richest men and tell something about them on the purpose of encouraging them to work hard. 2. Bill Gates Bill Gates is an American business executive, the chairman and chief executive officer of Microsoft Corporation. He was born in Seattle, Washington. Gates confounded Microsoft in 1975 with Paul Allen, his high school friend and partner in computer-language development from 1967. While attending Harvard in 1975, Gates teamed with Allen to develop a version of the BASIC computer-programming language for the Altair, the first personal computer. As a result of this work on BASIC, Gates decided to drop out of Harvard University in his junior year to devote his time to Microsoft, pursuing his vision of a computer on every desk and in every home, the idea behind the company. Much of Gates’ success rests on his ability to translate technical visions into market strategy, and to blend creativity with technical acumen. He has accumulated one of the world’s largest personal fortunes from his holdings of Microsoft stock and s known for his personal and corporate contributions to charity and educational organizations. Gates continues to be personally involved in product development at Microsoft. His willingness to back new technologies such as Microsoft windows NT, and workgroup applications has kept Microsoft at the forefront of computer hardware and software evolution. III. Word Explanation 1). afford have enough money to pay for 支付不起，承担不起 --I really want a new mobile phone, but I can’t afford it.我非常想要一部新手机，可是我买不起。 --How can you afford to dine out every weekend? 你怎么承受得起每个周末都下馆子？ --We can’t afford to waste time and money.我们不能浪费时间和金钱。 ?supply, give, produce提供，给予，产生 --Reading affords pleasure.阅读带来快乐。 2). annual adj. happening every year每年的 --The company has 5,000 employees, with an annual turnover of one billion dollars.这家公司有5000员工，年产值超过10亿。 --What is the annual rainfall in this area? 这个地区的年降水量是多少？ ?n.年报，年刊，年鉴 3). approach n. a method of doing something or dealing with a problem方法 --There are two basic approaches to teaching a foreign language. 有两种教外语的基本方法。 --He failed to come up with a better approach.他想不出更好的办法了。 4). conduct v. direct, manage处理，管理 --John was appointed to conduct the advertising campaign. 约翰授命策划一次广告活动。 --The company conducted a survey to find out people’s reaction to its new product.公司作了一次调查，来收集人们对新产品的反应如何。 5). develop v. invite or produce a new product研发 --We must develop all the natural substances in our country. 我们必须开发全国的自然资源。 6). estimate v. guess an amount, price or number as exactly as you can预算 --It’s been estimated that the number of car-owners will increase by 10%.据估计，有车的人将增长10%。 --It is difficult to estimate how many illegal guns there are in American. 很难估算美国有多少只非法枪支。 ?n. at a rough estimate 大略估计，大略说来 7). exchange v. give something to someone on return for something else交换 --They still exchange gifts at Christmas.他们还在圣诞节的时候交换礼物。 --Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds?我能在什么地方把美元兑换 成英镑。 8). fancy v. like or be attracted to someone; want喜欢 --Would you fancy a cool drink? 想来杯冷饮吗？ --After a hard day at work, I fancy a hot bath. 工作了一天，我想洗个热水澡。 9). insert v. put something inside something else插入 --Please insert your credit card into the slot.请吧您的信用卡从逢中插入。 --Bill inserted a bookmark into the book.比尔在书中加了一张书签。 10). intention n. plan, purpose 打算 --He has no intention of buying a new car.他没有买辆新车的打算。 --He has every intention of going to Paris to study French. 他非常想去巴黎学习法语 11). nerd n. dull, unsophisticated computer addict 12). output n. the amount of something that is made; production产量 --The world output of crude oil this year is 10 percent higher than last year.今年全世界的原油产量比去年高出了10%。 --The car factory had a large output last year.这家汽车厂去年产量很高。 ?（计算机）输出书input输入 13). pack v. put things into cases用 …塞满 --We’re going on holiday tomorrow, and I haven’t started packing yet! 我们明天就要去度假了,可我今天还没有整理好行李。 --Bill packed all his books into boxes.比尔把他所有的书都整理到箱子里。 14). preference n. a thing you prefer偏爱 --We could eat Chinese, Japanese or Indian food—do you have any preference?我们这有中国烹饪、日本料理和印度食品，你想吃什么？ --I have a preference for the theatre rather than the cinema. 比起看电影，我更喜欢看戏。 --Some people choose the train in preference to driving. 有的更喜欢坐火车，而不是自己开车。 --It’s a matter of preference.这是个仁者见仁，智者见智的事。 15). tycoon n. wealthy and powerful businessman大亨 --an oil tycoon石油大亨 --a newspaper tycoon报业巨子 16). virtual adj. of or about interaction in cyberspace, of or about interaction with other people on computer虚拟的 --The virtual reality program made it seem as though I were driving a car.用虚拟的程序，我好像在驾驶一辆车。 --A virtual business is one that exists in cyberspace. ?nearly true, actual实际上 --The reply is virtual acceptance of our offer. 这个回答实质上是接受了我们的建议。 17). wander v. walk slowly without purpose漫步 --The children wandered about in the woods.孩子们在小树林里散步。 --Bill wandered the countryside, doing some odd jobs.比尔在村子里漫步，作者奇怪的事情。 --Mary wandered the streets, looking for her dog.玛丽在街上寻找她的狗。 IV. Consolidation and Homework: 1. Review and memorize the new words; 2. Preview the text; 3. Find some words about computer. Unit Seven The Richest Man in the World (2) I. Review the new words Ask some students to read the new words in order to check their pronunciation. II. Listening to the tape and learning the text paragraph by paragraph: 1. Listen to the Para 1(with the Q: How wealthy is Bill Gates?) and explain some of the words and sentence structures: 1). private adj. personal, individual, secret私人的，个体的，隐秘的 --a letter marked “private”标有“亲启”的信 --a private hospital私立医院 --a private dinning room雅座 2). There is nothing he can’t afford. Double negative: He can buy everything he wants. 3). go off ?begin to ring; make a loud noise响起 --The alarm clock went off at six and woke me.闹钟点钟吵醒了我。 --Our neighbor’s car alarm is always going off in the middle of night. 我们邻居的汽车警报总会在半夜响起。 ?cut off切断 --The light went off.灯熄了。 ?sell out卖出 --The goods went off rapidly.商品很快就卖完了。 ?lose interests失去兴趣 --I’ve gone off coffee.我对咖啡已经不感兴趣了。 4). His wealth is based on his company, Microsoft, of which he owns 39% of the shares. 非限制性定于从句：His wealth is based on his company, Microsoft. He owns 39% of the shares of Microsoft. --These three books were a birthday gift from his father, two of which are about American history. 这三本书是他父亲作为生日礼物送给他的，其中的两本是有关美国历史的。 --The teacher gave us the answer to the question at last, about which we’ve had so much discussion. 最后，老师给了我们问题的答案，我们已经围绕这个问题讨论很久了。 2.Listen to the Para 2 (with the Q: How about Bill Gates’ House?) and explain some of the words and sentence structures. After that, show the picture of Gates’ sitting room to students: 1). shy about/of v. afraid of 存戒心，有顾忌的 --I’m shy of buying shares, in case I lose money.我不敢买股票，怕赔钱。 --Don’t be shy of telling me what you want.别不好意思告诉我你需要什么。 2). He has built a mansion overlooking Lake Washington that he’s packed with high-tech gadgetry and TV monitors, some taking up an entire wall. His new mansion has a good view of Lake Washington, and some of the various high-tech gadgets and TV screens in the mansion have even covered one of the walls. 3). Visitors are given a smart card encoded with their personal preferences, so that, as they wander from room to room, their favorite pictures will appear on the screens, and the music they like will play. Each card for visitors is programmed with their favorites, so, when they walk from room to room, the pictures they like can be seen on the screens, and the music they choose would also play. --Some buses are driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof. So that --Please speak a little more loudly so that everyone can catch your point. --We have to finish our homework today so that we can go for a picnic tomorrow. 5).program v. enter a set of instructions into a computer so that it will do a certain function编程序 --John programmed his computer to sound an alarm in the morning. 约翰给他的电脑设置了程序，每天早上都会发出古怪的声音警报。 5. listen to the Para 3 (with the Q: Who is Ann?) and explain some of the words and sentence structures. After that show the picture of Gates’ wife to the students: 1). cold-blooded adj.+ n. + -ed compound words --warm-hearted热心肠的， white-haired白发的， blue-eyed蓝眼睛的 2). This cold-blooded approach to human relationships also seems to be true of his love life. --His cold heartedness can be felt in both his interpersonal relationships and his love life. 3). be true of be the same to 一样 --This is a rule true of all cases.这条规律适合于所有的情况。 --The same is true of the way of life in Japan.日本的生活方式也是这样的。 4). When he went out with an ex-girlfriend Ann Winblad, now a very successful businesswoman, the couple conducted much of their relationship by going on virtual dates. He usually kept in touch with his ex-girlfriend Ann Winblad, now a very successful businesswoman, on virtual dates. 5). …, discussing the plots and exchanging opinions. -ing: --The students entered the classroom, sitting and jumping. --They walked out of the meeting room, quarrelling with each other. 7).leave behind behind v. fail to bring or take撇下 --She was in such a hurry that she left her umbrella behind. 她太匆忙，把雨伞落下了。 --I have left my coat in the restaurant.我把外套落在饭店了。 --Don’t leave me behind.别撇下我。 4. Listen to the Para 4 (with the Q: How about Bill Gates’ school life?) and explain some of the words and sentence structures: 1). Gates went on to Harvard University, where he managed to be in the same class as the girls he fancied by inserting a piece of software into the college computer. At Harvard, Gates once succeeded in getting himself in the same class as the girls he liked by playing a smart trick on the college computer with his own software. 5. Listen to the Para5-6 (with the Q: Why is Microsoft so successful?) and explain some of the words and sentence structures: 1). lie v. exist in 存在 draw the pictures on the blackboard so that give the students a deep impression. --The beauty of Suzhou lies in its traditional design of gardens. 苏州的美在于古典园林的设计。 --His failure in the interview lay in his lack of confidence. 她面试失败的原因在于缺乏自信。 --lie?lied?lied?lying说谎 --lie?lay?lain?lying躺 --lay?laid?lain?lying下蛋，摆桌子 III.Summarizing the text 1. Summary Bill Gates is an extremely rich man who prefers modern facilities but he is somewhat strange in his lifestyle. Even his love life seems to be a bit cruel. Gates was so smart that he started his own computer company, Microsoft, even without finishing his study at Harvard University. Gates’ realization that his fortune lay in software has made Microsoft incredibly successful. As a software tycoon, Bill Gates has the intention that everybody in the world should have an HPC in his pocket. 2. Questions about the text: 1. What do you know about Bill Gates? 2. What does his mansion overlooking Lake Washington suggest? 3. Do you think that a person who gets a college education would have a great future ahead of him? IV. Do the exercises after the text Give students some minutes to think about and do the exercises after the text in order to consolidate the language points in the text. Focus On and Work Out: 1. Focus On: review the words learned in the last period and make sentence with them. approach develop estimate exchange fancy lie in overlook start up take up be true of 2. Some of the examples: 1). approach --We approached the camp silently. --The time is approaching when we must leave. --The approach of winter brings cold weather. --This book provides a good approach to computer science. --We all followed a new approach to teaching English. 2). develop --Many technicians were invited to the company to develop a new electronic product. --They want to develop a new business in this city. --These photographs should be good when they’re developed. --Every seed will develop into a plant. 3). estimate --It is too early to estimate how many deaths will be caused by SARS. --I asked the building firm to estimate the cost of the repairs to the roof. --We got three estimates before having the roof repaired, and accepted the lowest. --At a rough estimate it’ll be finished by the end of this week. 4). fancy --His novels present us with a world of fancy. --I think George will come but it’s only a fancy of mine. --He takes a fancy to playing tennis, but we know it’s only a passing fancy. --I like those fancy goods very much. --We went to the party in fancy dress. --Fancy having a fool like that for a partner. --He fancies himself as a good swimmer. 5).overlook --I want to reserve a room that overlooks the sea. --People often overlook all sorts of warning signals about their health. --We can overlook your lateness this time. V. Introducing some computer words: Computer 1. software软件：system系统；program程序； 2. hardware硬件：screen/monitor屏幕；modem调制解调器；keyboard 键盘；floppy disk软盘；mouse鼠标；mouse pad/ mat鼠标垫；laser printer激光打印机；CD-ROM drive光驱；chips集成电路 VI. Consolidation and homework assignment 1. Review the text; 2. Memorize Memorable Quotes; 3. Preview the grammar tips; 4. Prepare for the dictation. Unit Seven The Richest Man in the World (3) I. Do the dictation 1. 8 minutes to do the dictation; 2. 2 minutes to check the answers; II. Introduce of Grammar Tips and do the exercises after it: number 数词 1. 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 数词ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion单数形式 2. 表概数ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion复数形式 3. 名词与数词构成复合定语用“-”连接，且为单数形式 4. 分子为基数，分母为序数 5. …times as+ adj./adv.(comparative degree)+ as: A是B的多少倍 6. …times+ adj./adv.(comparative degree)+ than: A比B多少倍 7. by表示增加后减少的幅度 8. 每隔，每逢的表达方法：1).every+基数词+复数名词2).every +序数 词+单数名词 9. date: April the 10 thththth, April 10, April 10, 10 April, 10 April, 10 of April year: 500 B. C. A. D. 500(Anno Domini拉丁文) address: 地址中的数字通常两位两位读。例如：426 Maple Avenue的 数字读作four twenty-six; 1400 5th Avenue读作fourteen hundred, Fifth Avenue discount:八折 twenty percent discount; 九五折five percent discount temperature: 27摄氏度 twenty-seven degrees Centigrade; 零下 20摄氏度twenty degrees Centigrade below zero; 75华氏度seventy-five degrees Fahrenheit 10. 4+3=7: Four and three is/ makes/ equals seven或Four plus three is/ makes/ equals seven 7-4=3: Seven minus four is/ equals/ leaves three或Four from seven is/ equals/ leaves three 43=12: Four times three is/ makes/ equals twelve或Four multiplied three is/ makes/ equals twelve 123=4: Three into twelve is/ makes/ equals four或Twelve divided by three is/ makes/ equals four 2: x square; x squared X3Y: y cube; y cubed 根号 11. in one’s teens; in one’s thirties; in the eighties Ten to one he forgets it. It’s a thousand to one that they have missed the train. He is having his forty winks. She was talking nineteen to the dozen. The crew were rescued at the eleventh hour. The editor made several eleventh changes in the magazine. The guests departed by twos and threes. I like English form the first. They fell in love at first sight. If you want me to trust you, first of all, be honest. I have known him, first and last, for five years. III. Reading skills: How to Use a Dictionary 1. Most entries provide pronunciation key, word origin, part(s) of speech, variant spellings, and synonyms. 2. At the beginning or end of the dictionaries, information on language history and manuscript form, lists of symbols, and tables of weights and measures can be found. 3. Pocket dictionary is for checking spelling and looking up common meanings of unfamiliar words. 4. Desk dictionary is for expanding the vocabulary by learning additional meanings of words or doing any serious word study. IV. Reading comprehension (2 articles) 1. 10 minutes to read the fast reading material; 2. 6 minutes to do the comprehension exercise; 3. Check the answers and analysis of the exercise. . Practical reading and writing VI.Consolidation and homework assignment: 1. Review the text; 2. Preview the next unit. 1).Microsoft Corporation: Microsoft is the leading American computer software company. Microsoft was founded in 1975 by William H. Gates III and Paul Allen. The pair had teamed up in high school through their bobby of programming on the original PDP-10 computer from the Digital Equipment Corporation. In 1975 they collaborated on the first version of the BASIC programming language for the Altair, the first personal computer. This led to the formation of Microsoft in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in the same year. In 1979 Gates and Allen moved the company to a suburb of their hometown of Seattle. Allen resigned in 1983 due to health reasons, but later rejoined the company’s board of directors. Microsoft has grown from 15 employees and $500,000 in revenues in 1987 to more than 20,000 employees and $8.7 billion in revenues for the fiscal year ending in June 1996. In 1999 the U.S. software giant suffered a serious setback in its battle with the U.S. government over anticompetitive practices, but still managed to increase its earnings by 68% to $7.8 billion for the year ending June 30. As Microsoft wades through the U.S. government’s efforts to subdue its dominance of PC operating systems and Web browsers, one possible outcome is the division, or spinning-of, of some of its operations, which begs a question: After four years at the top of the 200 big companies, will Microsoft be No. 1 again next year? Or No. 1 and No. 2? 2).American dream: an American social ideal that stresses egalitarianism and especially material prosperity; the American ideal that any man or woman may obtain material wealth, equality, freedom, and the like. It is the widespread aspiration of Americans to live better than their parents did. It is a cherished desire, “his ambition is to own his own business”.