DOTA背后的故事

DOTA背后的故事 今天看到一篇不错的文章，在此与大家分享，字数挺多，其中典故贯穿北欧、希腊、魔兽体系，有些解释得极其到位，实在是顶礼膜拜啊～好了，不多废话了，先整理几个不错的吸引下眼球～当然我也会适当补充修改的，嘿嘿 艾西菲的远古祭祀(Ancient Tango of Essifation): 在DotA里面吃树几乎是居家旅行杀人越货必备之品，正如同吃树下面那一排小字所说的“越用你就会越依赖!”我们来看看它的英文名:Ancient是“古代、远古”的意思。而Tango则是大家很熟悉的一种舞蹈:探戈。探戈舞源于非洲，流行于阿根廷，从阿根廷走向世界。最开始在非洲，探戈是一种祭祀所跳的舞蹈(相信大家对于古代部落在祭祀的时候跳舞这一习惯很熟悉)。那么Essifation是什么呢?在DotA早期版本，吃树的拼写是“Ancient Tango of Essification”，这里请注意“Essifation”和“Essification”的差别。Essification是一个医学术语，和Ossification(骨化)是一个意思。那么吃树的英文名翻译出来是“可以让你骨头恢复的舞蹈”(此为DotA汉化作者Aegis草译)。这样，就和吃树的效果吻合了。 动物信使:(海豹seal，迷你屠夫mini pudge，沙虫dune worm，龙虾先生zoidberg，小鸡chicken，企鹅penguin，迷你哥布林mini techies，小蜥蜴skink，小狗dog，甲虫carrion beetleTBD，野猪fel boar，小兔rabbit，小浣熊raccoon)动物信使:(海豹seal，迷你屠夫mini pudge，沙虫dune worm，龙虾先生zoidberg，小鸡chicken，企鹅penguin，迷你哥布林mini techies，小蜥蜴skink，小狗dog，甲虫carrion beetleTBD，野猪fel boar，小兔rabbit，小浣熊raccoon) 动物信使个人感觉是DotA最萌的物品了啊!Animal是动物，Courier是导游，情报员的意思。这里着重说一下几个特殊的小动物。首先是沙虫(Dune Worm)，Dune的意思是沙丘。不知道老一代游戏玩家是否还记得那个红警的年代，在红警之前，有一个类似的游戏，叫做沙丘魔堡，里面有一种野生的怪物叫沙虫，躲在沙里面，玩家只能看到沙里面的闪电，那就是沙虫了。然后是龙虾医生(Doctor Zoidberg):这个来头也很大了。在美国有一部热播的卡通，叫做《飞出个未来》(Futurama)里面的角色，来自Decapod 10号星球。这部卡通曾经获得艾美奖等荣誉。接下来是野猪Fel Boar:Fel Boar是魔兽世界里面的被恶魔之血污染后的野猪，在恶魔出没的地带都有地狱野猪。 铁树枝干(Ironwood Branch) 树枝也是DotA里面最广为人知的装备之一了。Ironwood指的是硬木，铁木，学名铁梨木，硬度不亚于钢铁，在我国广西生长，用途主要是造船和建筑，而广西有一个著名的建筑“真武阁”，就是用铁木构建而成，没有一钉一铁，是世界建筑史上的奇迹。再来看DotA里面对铁树枝干的描述:“Wearing one of these ensures a Good Game”(带上它以保证一个好的开局)，树枝对开局的作用相信不用我多说了吧，大家都知道的。 希梅斯特的掠夺/梅塞施密特的掠夺(Messerschmidt's Reaver): 在新版的DOTA中，希梅斯特的掠夺有了新的名字，而这个Messerschmidt(梅塞斯密特)指的是二战时期德国空军中一款机型梅塞斯密特Me109，名称来源于其 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 师维利?梅塞斯密特教授，作为二战初期德国闪击战的重要执行者之一，梅塞斯密特Me109活跃于包括不列颠空袭在内的各大战役。同时希梅斯特的掠夺也是《暗黑破坏神》中的著名装备。看看小字部分:“A massive axe capable of tearing whole mountain down”，意思是“一把能劈断山脉的巨大斧子”。这个说明很符合这把武器在DotA中的定位，“开山斧”的称号就是这么来的。 强袭装甲(Assault Cuirass) Assault的意思是“袭击”，Cuirass的意思是“胸甲”，合并起来就是强袭了。值得一提的是强袭的介绍“Forged in the depths of the river Styx”，意思是“铸造于地狱之河Styx深处”。Styx是希腊神话中的冥河，传说浸泡过河水将会刀枪不入，被赐予永恒。在《荷马史诗》中的“特洛伊之战”里面的传奇英雄Achilles(阿基琉斯)就是在出生时被他母亲拎着脚踝浸泡过河水，因此他全身除了脚踝刀枪不入。在下面的“黯灭”中，同样会提到这条河。 黯灭(Stygian Desolator) Stygian就是前面说到的冥河Styx的变体了，Desolator的意思是“辐射工兵”，也就是让周围的一切都变成荒芜的人。黯灭最开始是游戏 Anarchy Online 中的武器。这个名字来自希腊地下世界的河流的名字，Styx河(Stygian，意思是对Styx河的所有权)。这条河是违反常理的，因为Styx河的河水被认为能赐予接触它的人永恒。 魔力法杖(Staff of Wizardry) 大家有没有留意过小字部分“禁止通行～” 这句话,当时我也非常困惑，这是什么意思呢,这句话翻译成中文就无法理解了，如果你看过魔戒，看下图大家就会恍然大悟了 还记得甘道夫那句霸气斐然的台词“you shall not pass"吗,魔力法杖小字的典故就在于此。 这个装备背后也是有故事的。Staff是比Stick、Wand更加高级的法师武器(关于法师武器，本文最后有一个精心制作的讲解，请关注)，也就是法杖。而Wizardry的意思是巫术。这个 武器就叫魔力法杖了。小字部分“You shall not pass!!”有没有人觉得很熟悉呢?翻译过来的意思是“不允许你过去!!”。这句话就是《魔戒》里面，灰袍巫师Gandalf(甘道夫)面对炎魔的时候，满怀正义的喊出的那句话。后来为了掩护Frodo(佛罗多)逃走，Gandalf和炎魔一起坠入深渊，在深渊里面他干掉了炎魔，炎魔爆出了装备:白色巫师之袍，Gandalf穿上以后成功升级成为白袍巫师(纯属恶搞)。总而言之，这句话的来历就是Gandalf。 侦察守卫/岗哨守卫(Observer Wards/Sentry Wards): 这就是玩家们常说的真假眼了，真眼之所以叫真眼是因为有真视效果，而假眼之所以叫假眼是因为没有真视效果。Observer是观察者的意思，Sentry则是哨兵的意思，而Ward的意思是监视。这里需要说的是用眼状物作为监视物的最出名的角色，那就是魔戒里面魔都之王，魔戒之主索隆。在魔戒丢失以后，索隆失去了魔力支撑，异常脆弱，于是化作魔眼，监视着世间的一切魔物。看过指环王三部曲的朋友应该对这个眼睛的样子印象深刻吧，和DotA里面的眼睛是不是很像呢? 迈达斯之手(Hand of Midas) Midas(迈达斯)是一位著名的古希腊国王，他是一位女神的儿子，而他本人则以种植玫瑰出名。有次酒神带团出来旅游，结果他以前的老师森林之神迷路了，跑到了迈达斯的玫瑰园醉熏熏的睡着了。园丁把他捆起来带到了迈达斯的面前。眼看情势不好，他开始给迈达斯讲述起了一生遇见的奇闻逸事。这些故事让迈达斯听的十分高兴，于是盛情款待老神仙了五天五夜，派人把他送回了酒神的大本营。 酒神正在为老森林神的走丢而发愁，看见他安然无恙返回是喜出望外，于是决定满足迈达斯一个愿望。迈达斯毫不迟疑地回答说，“请恩准使我摸到的一切都变成金子。” 这个愿望还不简单吗?迈达斯立马就有了根金手指。他那个美啊，左碰碰，右戳戳，身边的东西一呼啦都变成金的了。 可是很快他就发现这个不是件太好的事情。他碰到美女，美女变成金的，碰到衣服，衣服也变成金的了，更惨的是吃饭，刚拿起筷子筷子也变成金的，而且显然这个技术不完善，碗里的米粒居然也变成金的了。 几天后迈达斯受不了了，就去求酒神去掉他这个特异功能，酒神戏弄了贪心的国王，简直开心的不得了。他叫迈达斯前往帕克托罗斯河(Pactolus)的源头，在河里洗个澡。弥达斯依法行 事，立即解除了点金术，但帕克托罗斯河的沙子至今因含金而闪闪发光。这，就是点金手的 来历了。 希瓦的守护(Shiva's Guard) Shiva是印度教传说中的三大主神之一——湿婆，他既是世界的毁灭者又是守护者，是 个敢让创世神梵天为他驾车的人物。相比于其他两位主神毗湿奴和梵天，湿婆无疑有着更为 复杂的性格，兼具守护与毁灭的角色，以不同的面相示人，如愤怒相，舞王相，等等。他曾 饮下诸神和阿修罗从乳海中搅出的灭世毒药来拯救世界，也曾经烧死爱慕自己的爱神，多才 多艺的他更接近古印度民族对于不可驾驭而变幻多端的自然力量的深切体会。这一点希瓦的 说明里面也证明了:“Said to have belonged to a goddess, this magical piece of armor was forged by divine wisps in the deeps of Winterspring”，意思是“据说希瓦从前是属于一个女 神的，这件具有魔力的护甲是在冬泉谷的温泉深处由神圣精灵铸造的”。 食尸鬼王的臂章/莫尔迪基安的臂章(Armlet of Mordiggian) 臂章用好的话，可以说是秀操作的不二之选。Armlet的意思就是臂章，这里我重点说 一下这位Mordiggian。先看看物品介绍:“Heirloom of the Cult of Mordiggian, who in ancient times obtained cursed immortality by eating the flesh of the being they worshipped, losing their souls in the process. Similarly, heroes invoking this withered remnant enter a dark pact, exchanging their own life force for an unholy strength”，翻译过来是:“这件物品是 莫尔迪基安的狂热信徒们(即食尸鬼)的遗物。这群生物在远古时期通过啃食他们的神的血 肉，从而获得了被诅咒的不朽之力。而现在，英雄们则同样通过召唤这件物品来签订黑暗契 约:用他们的生命之力来换取不洁的力量。”这段描述诠释了臂章开启后的效果。再来看看 这位Mordiggian吧:Mordiggian并不是来自魔兽体系，而是来源于克鲁苏神话体系。在这 个体系中，Mordiggian就是食尸鬼之神。传说他出现的时候，周围的能量和火焰都被他虚 空般的身体所贪婪的吸收到身体的漩涡里，一切生命都被冻结并死亡。 Eul的神圣法杖(Eul's Scepter of Divinity) 空明杖(Oblivion Staff) Guinsoo的邪恶镰刀(Guinsoo's Scythe of Vyse) 以上这三个物品我要放在一起讲，为什么呢?当然绝不是因为我想偷懒。首先风杖的名字Eul's Scepter of Divinity，Eul可以说是DotA之父，是他制作了第一张AoS风格的DotA地图:RoC DotA，这个道具就是为了 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达对Eul的敬意。而空明杖的名字Oblivion Staff，更是一语双关。Oblivion的意思是遗忘，Staff除了法杖还有个意思是员工，即“被遗忘的员工”，为什么我要说这个呢?别急，再看羊刀:Eul在制作了一个DotA的冰封王座版本，就是DotA 2(Defense of the Ancients: Thirst for Gamma)后，便没有再继续开发DotA系列地图。但这并没有阻碍DotA的发展，一些DotA的派生地图开始在官方BN上流行起来。有位玩家将当时这些派生地图以及原始地图中很酷的英雄汇集起来，制作了DotA Allstars,很快Allstars成为BN上最流行的自定义地图之一。但是，那位将DotA 全明星放到一起的制作者在发布了一个Human vs Orc的衍生版本之后停止了版本的更新。之后，Guinsoo出现了，并且成为了DotA: Allstars 多人对战版本主要的程序员。现在的Dota版本中，有着比原始版本更多的英雄和物品，并且还在经常更新，这或许可以解释它的长盛不衰。但是，它的长盛不衰也引发了关于谁应该被赞许的长期争论。一些老玩家对Guinsoo“窃取”了他们的游戏怀恨在心，特别他们认为是Guinsoo的大多数触发事件，英雄和物品都是从其他人那“窃取”的。Guinsoo站在他自己的立场上坚持认为地图是从搜索素材中创造出来的，并且只有在“灵魂”上以Eul的工作为蓝本(Guinsoo只承认借鉴了地形和一些英雄的创意，他申明:其他任何的创意都是他自己的)。最后，我再告诉你们，在老版本的DotA里面，羊刀的配方是风杖+空明杖。即:Guinsoo的邪恶镰刀=Eul的神圣法杖+被遗忘的工作人员，这是在暗示DotA的发展历程。 斯嘉蒂之眼(Eye of Skadi) 斯嘉蒂，北欧神话中冬季之人格化，冰霜的脸上没有一丝温和的笑容，但终于被象征南风和火的洛基所引出笑脸，且接受了涅尔德——夏的拥抱。然而她的爱情却不能长于三个月——那是北欧的夏季。涅尔德和斯卡蒂同住在北方的九天，则是暗示着一年中夏离人间的九个月。夏与冬的交替，就这样有了原始的说明。在这个意义上，斯卡蒂是冬之女神。她也是冬季旅行者的恩神;她指引那些挣扎于冰天雪地之中的雪橇，使之能安然到达目的地。同时她又是猎神，常被说成是带了弓箭，身边跟着一头像狼一样大的狗。这一段故事是说明夏与冬之循环的。当然在魔兽世界WLK中的五人副本乌特加德之巅里有个维库人的大叔也叫斯卡迪(Skadi)。冰眼下面的小字很有趣:“BEWARE:Do not thaw!”，即“当心!别弄化了!”。制作者这里幽默感十足啊。 散华(Sange) 夜叉(Yasha) 散夜对剑(Sange and Yasha) 散华: 原指佛寺做法事时，为供养佛祖而将花和叶四处洒落。散华一词源生于“莲华”，莲花与释迦牟尼渊源颇深，因此在葬礼之类的场合会为了供养佛祖而抛洒莲华。散华也指日本士兵战死。尤其是为了保护他人、拯救他人而牺牲的情况。和“玉碎”一样，是种美化战死的说法。有时候和玉碎是同义，但一般多用于特攻时的战死。将官级的军人死亡时也被称为散华。并且，日本兵殉职，因事故、疾病、空袭时的战灾而死，他国士兵的战死也都成为散华。 夜叉: 源于古印度神话的半神，有“迅捷鬼”之意，迅猛彪悍，佛教将其纳入天龙八部众，有“秘闻金刚”一称。在进入中国后，夜叉一词衍生出大量演绎形象，如阴间的鬼使，或龙王的跟班(巡海夜叉)，大多形容可怖。 以上的三把武器我也一起讲。这三把武器都是来源于一款经典游戏:梦幻之星(PSO) 约在AUW 20世纪后半，地球联邦陷入腐败状态，这期间出现了被称为“四天”(多闻、增长、广目、持国)的人，他们的家族被所灭，为了推翻残酷的统治，他们锻造了具有强大力量的“四刀”(大蛇腭、神威、夜叉、散华)一部分善良的地球人为了躲避战乱，在这个时候移民到帕尔玛，和这里的人混血，地球人的语言(英语)逐渐成为了官方通用的语言。 后来，因四刀的力量，地球崩坏。“四刀”成为传说中的神器。 了解到佛罗文变异的原因之后，四神刀从新回到了人们的眼中，其强大的攻击力接近了最神秘的红色光剑。然而可惜的是这三把神刀仍旧只获得了十星的评价。就在所有人正逐渐失去对这三把神刀兴趣的时候，意外发生了。双刀武藏的出现让研究出现了新的转机。受到了挑战的三把神刀发出了冲天的光芒，依靠神威的帮助，散华和夜叉两把神刀结合成了一对双刀，一队破坏力惊人的神器级双刀。唯一可惜的是，这被称为散华夜叉的双刀只有在神威的作用下才能达到十二星的评价，在使用的时候却只有十一星的程度，令人扼腕。但即使是这样，这对双刀也是战士们心中无愧的神器，面对拉古奥尔的战斗，这三把可以自我进化的神刀究竟还会有什么样的表现呢?一切只能让时间来给我们解答。 死灵书(Necronomicon) Necro这个词根的意思就是“亡灵”。这本书的作者叫做霍华?菲力普?洛夫克莱夫特(H?P?Lovecraft 1890-1937)。著名的超自然恐怖小说作家，也是克苏鲁神系(Cthulhu Mythos) 的创始人。这本死灵书就是他的重要创作之一。小说中的死者之书，很遗憾并不是历史上真正的书籍，只是存在于小说世界里的设定。历史上的亡灵书是一本关于古埃及以及地中海地区宗教哲学和神学的书籍，不过也很可能是欧洲中世纪术士所写的伪书。 刷新球(Refresher Orb) 前文提到的邪恶法师Aghanim的又一杰作。Refresh的意思就是刷新，更新。在-test模式里面，英雄的物品和技能CD重置以及回复到全满状态的指令就是-refresh。Aghanim作为一名天才法师，形象也是很典型的，大家自行想象一下一个右手持法杖，左手托着刷新球的法师形象吧。 不朽之守护(Aegis of the Immortal) 首先要说的是Aegis就是汉化组的A大了，当然他的名字是根据这个取的。Aegis的本意是希腊神话里面宙斯和雅典娜所持的羊皮盾牌，Immortal的意思就是不朽。通过这个我们可以看出羊皮盾也是很坚固的。在希腊神话里面，雅典娜出生时被全副武装，所以她注定是战争女神，所以她小时候喜欢的并不是一般女孩子喜欢的文静的游戏，而是真刀真枪的格斗。有一次他与海神法厄同的女儿帕拉斯用真正的长矛决斗，两个女孩打得正酣时，大神宙斯看到了这一切，但担心自己的女儿受伤，于是就在两人之间降下了一面羊皮盾牌，护住了雅典娜。结果帕拉斯的长矛被盾牌挡住，而正当她为这突然出现的盾牌纳闷时，雅典娜的长矛已经刺穿了她的身体，雅典娜误杀了自己的朋友。为了纪念她，雅典娜把自己的名字改成了帕拉斯?雅典娜。 水晶剑(Crystalys) 蝴蝶(The Butterfly) 圣剑(Divine Rapier) 这三把武器放在一起讲，是因为他们都共同提到了一场战争:法师之战(the War of the Magi)。法师之战并不是魔兽体系里面发生的事件，而是最早的DotA版本里面的事情。那时候有人做了一张地图,叫做Aeon of Strife,这就是第一张DOTA类型的地图(5对5单英雄的地图)。以后的DOTA正统版本都是在种游戏模式上不断完善的。而Aeon of Strife讲的是神族悲惨的大内战，法师之战就是在Aeon of Strife这张地图上面发生的。由于历史太久了实在是无处考证。 接下来再看看每个武器各自的来历: 水晶剑: 玩过暗黑的玩家们一定不会对水晶剑感到陌生，这种流动着华丽光彩的武器往往会对法系角色有着一定帮助。水晶(crystal)无论在西方还是东方都被认为是有灵性的稀有矿物，往往被选来制作上等饰品，对于研习魔法的人士，则是制作法戒器的一个不错的选择。所以这也能理解。而在著名的FF系列中，水晶更是一个极具标志性意义的存在，甚至包括那段著名的序曲也被称作是水晶序曲。而最初的几部FF也是围绕着守护水晶这一主题展开的。Crystals则是指其中世界的四块守护水晶，在前置设定里则成了法师之战的最终战役里Roshan被救出监狱的战役里以之命名的武器。 蝴蝶: 这个武器的设定属于DOTA的前置设定，从物品介绍里面我们看到Avalan一词，这让我们都联想到了传说的大陆Avalon。蝴蝶是最近才在Avalon(阿瓦隆)的地下室里面被发现的。Avalon这个地方就太有名了。之前我提到过亚瑟王，亚瑟王的宝剑“Excalibur”(王者之剑)就是在那里锻造的。而亚瑟王在卡姆兰之役中受伤以后，也是到Avalon养伤，他和他的圆桌骑士在死后，遗体也是葬在这里。在凯尔特族的传说中，Avalon是一座天堂一般的岛屿。而现实生活中的蝴蝶刀，则是用于投掷的刀。电影《海扁王》里面那个暴力小萝莉使用的就是蝴蝶刀。 圣剑: 这是dota的前置设定中的又一件武器，作为斗神亲自交给反叛军的剑，圣剑的威力不言而喻。这么强力又高贵的武器自然具有灵性。如果持有者因为能力不足被杀掉的话，圣剑就会自行选择强大的一方。这就是为什么在DotA里面圣剑会在英雄死亡后掉落。而剑作为冷兵器中形制优美，装饰性突出的特点往往被赋予更多象征意义，例如权力，力量的象征。以守护基督教和上帝为责任的骑士们在受封仪式上，剑也是重要的道具之一。虽然说欧洲骑 士的剑最终没能战胜大马士革弯刀，但是剑的受众度并没有受到影响，而在更多的ACG作品中扮演了重要的角色。 能量之球 活力之球 精气之球 振魂石 以上四个球我准备放在一起讲，为什么呢?看完你就知道。这些球的英文都叫Booster，即“起鼓励作用的事物”，也就是说他们能给持有者起到在Energy(能量，即魔法)、Vitality(活力，即生命)或者Point(点数，即皆备生命和魔法)的鼓动作用。而我们在来看他们的小字分别是:“Enie”“Minie”“Meenie”，这是什么意思呢?喜欢欧美音乐的朋友应该对Justin Bieber不陌生，“Enie Minie Meenie”是他的一首歌，然而我们要讲的并不是这个。“Enie Minie Meenie Mo”的完整版是“Eeny, Meeny, Miny Moe”，拼写有些小差别但是意思是一样的。这是欧美的小孩子在玩游戏的时候用来数数的儿歌，对应的数字就是一、二、三、四。这里可以看出IceFrog童心未泯啊，的确这前三个球就像三个兄弟一样，价钱是等差，作用也类似，而第四个球则是前三个的综合。因此IceFrog用了这个计数儿歌。这里如果我没记错的话，汉化组是没有翻译出来的。 食人魔之斧(Ogre Axe) 食人魔(ogre)作为欧洲神话里的重要龙套大家已经都很熟悉了，魔兽争霸和魔兽世界里的食人魔则成了一个具备一定智慧的智慧种族(呐，这句话能让你明白食人魔的IQ吧)。从格鲁尔一族诞生出来的食人魔们与兽人渊源颇深，但是在德拉诺毁灭后，食人魔和兽人之间的同盟产生了很多裂隙，追逐力量的食人魔们内部也分别选择了不同的道路，在魔兽世界中玩过的同学一定对厄运之槌和黑石塔这些副本里出现的食人魔印象深刻。体型巨大，反应多半迟钝，成了食人魔的标志性特点。值得一提的是著名NPC，兽王雷克萨，从凄凉之地漫游到刀锋山的他是兽人和食人魔的混血儿，除了继承了食人魔天赋的力量之外，对于自然的崇敬和从中汲取的智慧让他成为萨尔信赖的同伴和部落的勇士。再来看看小字:“You feel tougher just by holding it!”，意思是“光是拿着它你就觉得更男人了!”不过我个人认为，你要拿起一把为食人魔体型设计的斧子，应该会觉得挺困难的(tough)。 治疗指环(Ring of Health) 括号里面的英文直译过来是:健康之戒。根据其属性翻译成治疗指环，个人感觉是很妥帖的。为什么指环会有治疗作用呢?从古罗马时期开始，人们就喜欢将指环戴在无名指上面，据说无名指上有血管直通心脏，而戴在无名指上则可以不时挤压到这个血管促进血液流动，从而有一定的恢复作用。这个说话不一定科学，但是依据还是有的。再来看下面那一排小字:“A shiny ring found beneath a fat halfling's corpse”，意思是“在一个胖乎乎的哈夫林尸体下面发现的发光的指环”。哈夫林是什么呢?这里又要提到西方奇幻大师、《魔戒》的作者托尔金了。这个是托尔金创造的一种矮小的种族，只有正常人的一半身高，因此叫做Halfling，即半身人。而在《魔戒》当中，Halfling则特指Hobbit，也就是霍比特人，也就是《魔戒》里面的Frodo和Sam的那个种族了。 虚无宝石(Void Stone) 作为几个法师进阶装备的必备品，虚无宝石的回蓝其实有一点尴尬，不多也不少。Void的意思是“空的，无人的”，DotA著名非职业后期英雄虚空假面(Faceless Void)名字里面就是这个。再看小字部分:“A stone of seemingly endless inner power”，意思是“这是一块似乎蕴含无穷能量的石头”。之前提到过，魔法师使用这一类的法器来增强自己的各种能力并不罕见，具体情况请容许我先卖个关子，大家参见本文最后的法师武器讲解。 短棍(Quarterstaff) 短棍的英文名字实际上是“铁头木棒”的意思。这是英国旧时的一种武器，长度大约是6到8英尺(大概是1.8到2米长)，实际并不短。不过这里我们把短棍的名字拆开来看，就知道为什么叫它短棍了:Quarter是四分之一的意思，staff是棍子的意思，也就是说这根棍子只有普通棍子的四分之一长。再看小字:“Four of these form an ordinary staff, duh!”意思是“四根这种棍子才能组成一根普通的棍子，咄!”，于是我们就知道了，短棍的确还是比较短的。 真视宝石(Gem of True Sight) 这个道具是诸多隐身系最讨厌的道具了。Gem的意思就是“宝石”，而True Sight是魔兽系列游戏中的一个设定，叫做“真实视域”。在这个区域里面，所有的伪装，隐形，隐藏都会失效。这个概念在暴雪另一个大作《暗黑破坏神》当中同样有出现。《暗黑》当中有一套亚马逊的绿色套装，叫做“马维娜之战斗诗歌(M'avina's Battle Hymm)”，其中头部的装备就叫“马维娜的真实之眼(M'avina's True Sight)”。这里的马维娜和魔兽里面的玛维并不是同一个人，她是亚马逊族的女族长，原名阿维娜，在担任女族长以后名字前面加了个“M”表示尊称，而她的原名阿维娜(Avina)的意思是“飞翔的少女”。 淬毒之珠(Orb of Venom) Orb的意思就是“球”，是欧美奇幻作品里面，法师武器中的一种(详情见本文最后)。而Venom的意思是毒液，翻译过来就是“毒液之球”。淬毒之珠的设计让我联想到古希腊神话的一个小细节。当被伊阿宋抛弃的美狄亚公主发现了小三后，在新人的婚礼上送给了新娘一件华丽的婚礼长袍。当新娘穿上之后却发现无法脱下，而用力扯落的时候，自己的血肉也跟着一起脱离，于是美娇娘就变成一个血红的骷髅了。那些象征着美好或者权力的东西，也许本质上就是一个orb of venom。另外欧美淬毒之珠的制作过程，和我国原生态的“蛊”很像，只不过他们是去找他们欧美的特产怪兽提取毒液，而我国的劳动人民则是找我国的特产虫子。 幻影斧(Manta Style) Manta一词在西班牙语里是指毯子，而在奇妙的大自然里则有一种奇妙的生物叫做Manta Ray，它的另一个名字叫做Devil ray，即蝠鲼/鬼蝠魟，这种体型巨大的海洋生物如 长着双翼的魔鬼一样游荡在海里，过往的渔民往往会因为海里这些模糊的影子而惊惧不定，以为是吞噬人命的水中恶魔。Manta style，蝠鲼流道具的功能自然也是让人分不出真伪，在惊疑不定时被收割。当然，其实我们可爱的蝠鲼虽然孔武有力且形容可怖，却是种经常吃小鱼和浮游生物的温和生物。 阔剑(Broadsword) 阔剑的历史十分悠久，同样也很有传奇色彩。先看名字吧，Broad的意思就是宽阔，sword就是剑。阔剑是极具英格兰风味的武器，剑刃平行，剑身较宽，非常有特色。无论是马战，步战，水战，阔剑都能极好的发挥作用，在11到15世纪，阔剑是主流的单兵作战武器。传说中亚瑟王的佩剑:Excalibur，即亚瑟王从石头中拔出来的石中剑，也是一把阔剑。看看小字吧:“Any knight worth a damn should have one of these”，意思是“任何称职的骑士都应该有把这玩意儿”，通过这句话，阔剑的风靡程度可见一斑。 大剑(Claymore) 大剑的英文名有点土豪气，翻译过来叫做“双刃大砍刀”。这里可以拆开来看看，clay的意思是“泥土，肉体，躯体”，那么这么理解的话就是“多来点肉”，和双刃大砍刀还是比较契合的，就是血腥了点。前文提到了阔剑的风光，而大剑，就在之后取代了阔剑，成为了主流武器。日本有一本很著名的漫画，也叫做Claymore。再看看小字:“A sword that can cut through armor, and still slice a tomato”，意思是“一把既能斩破盔甲，也能切番茄的剑”。这里的tomato是对敌人心脏的比喻，喜欢玩剑圣这个英雄的同学应该知道他的一句台词“My a blade can cut through armor, and still cut a tomato!"想象一下剑圣手持大剑跳劈的形象，你应该就能明白它的威力了。 板甲(Plate Mail) 作为中世纪与近代早期的顶级防具，板甲在当时可以说有不可撼动的地位。Plate的意思是“金属板”，mail这里的意思盔甲，连起来就是板甲了。板甲的出现大约在15世纪初期，高炉的发明使得铸造铁出现，钢铁生产量大增，板甲因为防御强度大，铸造方便等优点被广泛采用。当时英法百年战争形势的逆转，和板甲的出现不无关系，板甲的地位之高可见一斑。再来看看小字:“Thick metal plates that protect that entire upper body. Avoid dropping on feet”，意思是“保护整个上身的厚重金属板，注意别砸到脚”，这很全面的诠释了板甲的材料和作用。 标枪(Javelin) 括号中的英文意思就是标枪。先讲一下标枪的历史吧:标枪应该是人类历史上最早的远程兵器之一，在原始社会被作为狩猎工具，古希腊和古罗马的军队也曾装备过标枪作为武器。后来古代人想通了，把标枪改进了一下，就变成长矛了，然而标枪并没有衰落，它的使用一直持续到13世纪。看看小字里面的说明:“A rather typical spear that can sometimes pierce through an enemy's armor when used to attack”，意思是“与其说标枪，不如说是长矛，当用作攻击时可以刺穿敌人的护甲”，这其实说的很在理，标枪用来投掷就是标枪，用来穿刺不就是长矛咯? 秘银锤(Mithril Hammer) Hammer大家都知道，就是锤子的意思，这里着重讲一下Mithril，也就是所谓的秘银。实际上秘银这种金属是不存在于现实世界的，这种金属最早是由《魔戒》作者托尔金虚构出的，其中mith源自灰精灵语，意思是“灰色”，ril的意思是“闪耀”。在昆雅语(魔戒体系中的高等精灵使用的语言)中，秘银又叫做“mistarille”，即“米斯塔利尔”。再看看小字部分“A hammer forged of pure mithril. It's hammer time!”意思是“由纯秘银锻造出的锤子，It's hammer time!”后面那句为什么我不翻译呢?相信玩过对战的朋友对山丘之王(Mountain King)很熟悉吧?这句话就是他的台词! 闪避护符(Talisman of Evasion) Talisman的意思就是护身符，而Evasion的意思是“逃避，回避，借口”，也就是说这个护身符带上以后，就能更好的回避了。小字部分很有意思:“Can't touch this!”是说你“摸不到这个东西!”有一首歌就叫做U can't touch this，Mc Hammer唱的，个人感觉还不错，听欢快的，推荐大家听一下。而闪避护符是如何使得佩戴者能更好的闪避攻击的呢?应该是护身符上的附的魔法对攻击者的视觉产生了混淆作用，使得其攻击出现了偏差。 极限法球(Ultimate Orb) 极限法球的名字很有宗教色彩啊。Ultimate的意思是“最终的，终极的”，Orb自然就是法球了。关于极限法球的用途在文章最后会有介绍。再来看看小字:“A mystical orb containing the essence of life”，即“蕴含生命本质的神秘法球”。可以想见，在极限法球里面，装的应该是艾泽拉斯世界最为纯粹的元素物质，因此拥有者能够全面大幅度的提高自身的属性。 恶魔刀锋(Demon Edge) Demon的意思相信大家已经很熟悉了，就是恶魔，而Edge作为“刀锋”这个意思出现，不知道大家是否想起了什么。就我个人而言，Soul Blade(魂之利刃)是当年一度让我沉迷的游戏，而里面代表邪恶的剑，就叫做Soul Edge。从那个时候开始，如果Edge作“剑”讲的话，那么这把剑一定是一把神兵。在魔兽系列中，暴雪也向在游戏中对这把邪恶至极的兵器表达了自己的敬意:在纳克萨玛斯中，克尔苏加德掉落的一把武器，就叫做魂之利刃。再来看看小字:“A sword of a fallen general of a Demon Army, imbued with unholy strength”，意思是“一个战死的恶魔首领所用的剑，具有不洁之力”。一把2400大洋的武器的小字背景做得如此模糊，实在是不符合恶魔刀锋作为圣剑配件的身份。 神秘法杖(Mystic Staff) 这个英文名称做得同样很直白。Mystic是神秘的，Staff是法杖。小字部分是对法杖的介绍:“Enigmatic staff made of only the most expensive crystals”，意思是“这是一根完全由最昂贵的水晶打造的谜一般的法杖”。按照这个说法，神秘法杖的魔法亲和力应该是法师武器中的上等，因为金属、晶体等经历的年代越久，其元素态也就越丰富，从而对魔法的响应程度也就越强。 鹰角弓(Eaglehorn) 这个装备在DotA里面实际上是被降低身份了，鹰角弓最早出现是在《暗黑破坏神》里面，是和大炮/暴雪弩炮同级的精华装备。Eagle的意思就是老鹰，而horn这里的意思是“角”。合起来就是鹰角弓了。 圣者遗物(Sacred Relic) 作为DotA里面最昂贵的单件，这个装备的名字并没有很好的说明它究竟是一种什么样的东西。Sacred的意思是神圣的，Relic则是“遗物”。小字部分也说了:“An ancient weapon, it's difficult to tell what Sacred Relic even is. Rumors say that it's a sword of immeasurable damage. Ouch!”，意思是“一般年代久远的武器，然而很难说圣者遗物到底是什么东西。有传言称是一把威力巨大的剑，啊!”。后面那个Ouch很幽默，意思是“啊!我被割伤了!”，幽默的调侃了这个传言。既然历史不可考，那我就说说人类世界最著名的圣者遗物:朗基努斯长枪(the Spear of Destiny/Longinus)。相信对基督教熟悉的朋友对这把武器并不陌生，因为这是世界上唯一公认的“弑神”武器。耶稣被钉上十字架以后，为了验证耶稣是否真的死了，当时的一个百人队队长，名叫朗基努斯，用长枪刺入耶稣身体，鲜血喷出，染红了长枪。这把长枪也被称作“命运之矛”，得之即主宰世界，然而失去则即时毙命。真实的朗基努斯长枪到后来断裂为三部分，分别保存在欧洲的三个大教堂里面。 飞行信使(Flying Courier) 小鸟在经历了诸多版本以后，现在已经比较完善了。还是说说小鸟的几个种类吧。乌鸦(Crow):其实并不是乌鸦常用的说法，Crow指的是天上的乌鸦星座;地精飞艇(Goblin Zeppelin):Goblin是地精，而Zeppelin是特指飞艇中的齐柏林式飞艇，堪称飞艇中的战斗飞艇，最为出名的就是当年的“兴登堡号”，另外在一战中，飞艇也是德国的重要空袭手段;雪枭(Snow Owl):雪枭又叫雪鸮，是一种白色的猫头鹰，主要分布在北极苔原带; 迷你冥界亚龙(Mini Viper):就是小型的Viper啦，这个大家很熟悉的;小秃鹫(Vulture):小秃鹫也不用我再赘述了，秃鹫这么霸气外露的鸟，相信大家都很熟悉的。 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.