2012国家执业兽医资格考试真题及答案

2012国家执业兽医资格考试真题及答案 1(《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》调整的动物疫病不包括 白肌病 2(目前我国农业部确定实施强制免疫的动物疫病不包括 奶牛结核病 3(动物诊疗活动中的防疫要求不包括 做好动物福利工作 4(动物疫情的认定主体是 A、人民政府 \ \ 5(《动物防疫条件审查办法》规定动物饲养场之间的距离应不少于 \500m \ 6(输入到无规定动物疫病区的动物，应当在输入地省级动物卫生监督机构指定的隔离场所进 行隔离检疫。大中型动物的隔离检疫期为 \45天 7(《执业兽医管理办法》调整的对象是 A、执业兽医 8(负责执业兽医监督执法工作的是 动物疫病预防控制机构 9(《动物诊疗机构管理办法》所称的动物诊疗活动不包括 动物人工授精 10(不符合动物医院法定条件的是 D、出入口设在居民住宅楼道内 11(《重大动物疫情应急条例》规定的重大动物疫情应急工作应当坚持的方针不包括 E、依靠科学、依法防治 12(我国将突发重大动物疫情划分为 C、四级 13(猪病中属于农业部发布的《一、二、三类动物疫病病种名录》规定的一类动物疫病的是 A、猪瘟 所含成分含量与兽药国家 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 不符合的 15(《兽药经营质量管理 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 》规定的兽药质量管理档案不包括 动物诊疗病历档案 (兽用生物制品不包括 A、抗生素 17(兽药内包装标签应注明的事项不包括 、销售企业信息 18(禁止在饲料中使用的药物为 D、莱克多巴胺 19(我国根据病原微生物的传染性、感染后对个体或群体的危害程度，将病原微生物分为 C、四类 20(盛装动物病原微生物菌种冻干样本主容器的胶塞玻璃瓶必须采用的封口方法为 D、金属封口 1 21(动物进行新陈代谢、生长发育和繁殖分化的形态学基础是 A、细胞 22(组成胸廓的骨骼包括 A、胸椎、肋和胸骨 23(关节中分泌滑液的部位是 C、滑膜层 24(组成腹股沟管的肌肉是 腹内斜肌与腹外斜肌 25(给马钉蹄铁的标志位置是 D、蹄白线 26(固有鼻腔呼吸区黏膜上皮类型是 假复层纤毛柱状上皮 27(肾外表面坚韧的结缔组织膜构成 D、纤维囊 29(与其他家畜相比，犬阴茎的特殊结构是 A、阴茎骨 30(家畜受精时，精子必须首先穿过 放射冠 31(在临床上，给羊静脉输液常用的血管是 C、颈外静脉 32(收集胃、肠、脾、胰血液回流的静脉血管是 A、肝门静脉 口咽部侧壁 34(硬膜外麻醉时，将麻醉剂注入硬膜外腔的常用部位是 E、荐尾间隙 【没有明确动物，大动物在荐尾间隙(第一尾椎前后)，小动物在腰荐间隙多， 要是明确了动物种类，就好确定答案了。】 35(不属于眼折光系统的结构是 B、虹膜,,, 36(具有结缔绒毛膜胎盘(绒毛叶胎盘)的是 B、牛 37(血红蛋白包含的金属元素是 E、铁 38(动物第一心音形成的原因之一是 A、房室瓣关闭 39(呼吸过程中的有效通气量是 、肺泡通气量 40(恒温动物体温调节的基本中枢位于 E、下丘脑 41(急性肾小球肾炎时，动物出现少尿或无尿的主要原因是 B、肾小球滤过率降低 42(能被阿托品阻断的受体是 C、M受体 2 43(胰岛中分泌胰岛素的细胞是 B、B细胞 44(下丘脑-神经垂体系统分泌的激素是 B、抗利尿激素和催产素 45(褪黑素对生长发育期哺乳动物生殖活动的影响是 A、延缓性成熟 46(直接刺激黄体分泌孕酮的激素是 C、黄体生成素 47(动物不能自身合成、必需从饲料中摄取的氨基酸是 A、赖氨酸 48(构成生物膜的骨架是 D、脂质双分子层 49(酶的比活力越高表示酶 Km值越大 50(动物采食后血糖浓度 E、先上升后恢复正常 51(真核细胞生物氧化的主要场所是 A、线粒体 52(被称为机体胆固醇“清扫机”的血浆脂蛋白是 高密度脂蛋白(HDL) 53(禽类排出氨的主要形式是 C、尿酸盐 54(葡萄糖和脂肪酸分解进入三羧酸循环的共同中间代谢产物是 B、乙酰CoA 55(具有细胞毒性的血红素代谢产物是 游离胆红素 56(胶原蛋白中含量最丰富的氨基酸是 脯氨酸 57(动物疾病发展过程中，从疾病出现最初症状到主要症状开始暴露的时期称为 前驱期 58(动物发生转移性钙化时可以出现 C、血钙升高 59(“槟榔肝”的发生是由于 D、慢性肝淤血伴随肝细胞脂肪变性 60(不常发生白色梗死的器官是 D、大脑 61(构成肉芽组织的主要成分除毛细血管外，还有 D、成纤维细胞 62(左心功能不全常引起 B、肺水肿 63(动物一氧化碳中毒时，血液呈 3 E、樱桃红色 64(寄生虫性炎症病灶内特征性的炎性细胞是 、嗜酸性粒细胞 65(引起炎症局部疼痛的炎症介质是 、缓激肽 66(卡他性炎发生的部位在 、黏膜 67(动物发生急性传染病时导致死亡的主要原因是 败血症 68(鳞状细胞癌组织中的癌细胞来源于 A、上皮组织 69(支气管肺炎的始发病灶位于 细支气管或肺小叶 70(青霉素类抗生素的抗菌作用机理是抑制细菌 细胞壁的合成 71(适用于熏蒸消毒的药是 甲醛溶液(福尔马林) 72(毛果芸香碱的药理作用是 抑制胃肠平滑肌收缩 73(咖啡因的药理作用不包括 兴奋中枢神经系统 74(动物专用的解热镇痛抗炎药是 氟尼新葡甲胺 75(具有增加肠内容积、软化粪便、加速粪便排泄作用的药物是 B、硫酸钠 76(用于治疗动物充血性心力衰竭的药物是 洋地黄毒苷 77(对动物钙、磷代谢及幼畜骨骼生长有重要影响的药物是 、维生素D 78(解磷定用于解救动物严重有机磷中毒时，必须联合应用的药物是 阿托品 79(胃腺细胞中，细胞大而圆，胞质呈嗜酸性染色，分泌盐酸的细胞是 壁细胞 80(胃腺细胞中，细胞呈柱状，细胞质为嗜碱性染色，分泌胃蛋白酶原的细胞是 主细胞 1(鸡输卵管中分泌物形成蛋壳的部位名称是 、子宫部 82(鸡输卵管中分泌物形成浓稠的白蛋白的部位名称是 膨大部 83(消化液中由主细胞分泌，能被盐酸激活并发挥作用的成份是 C、胃蛋白酶 84(消化液中能与维生素B 结合成复合体，并促进维生素B 吸收入血的成份是B、内因子 85( 消化液中能降低脂肪表面张力，增加脂肪与酶的接触面积，并促进脂肪分解产物吸收的成份是A、胆盐E、胰脂肪酶 86(紫外线照射可能诱发皮肤癌，所涉及的DNA结构的改变是 C、DNA变性E、DNA损伤 4 87(加热使DNA的紫外吸收值增加，所涉及的DNA结构的改变是D、DNA重组C、DNA变性 88(鸡感染了新城疫病毒，临诊见有观星姿势，组织病理学观察见有非化脓性脑炎，脑血管周围有大量炎性细胞浸润，该疾病炎症病灶中渗出的主要炎性细胞类型是 【B、淋巴细胞】 89(犊牛感染了化脓性棒状杆菌，剖检见肾脏有明显的化脓灶，组织病理学观察见病灶局部有大量的炎性细胞浸润，该疾病炎症病灶中渗出的主要炎性细胞类型是 【C、中性粒细胞】 90(动物机体抵抗力较强，且经适当治疗，多数急性炎症局部的结构和功能均可恢复正常，此情形炎症结局最可能是 【C、完全愈合】 91(动物机体抵抗力低下，或病原微生物侵入机体的数量多、毒力强时，炎症局部的病原微生物可通过自然通道或组织间隙向周围扩散，此情形炎症结局最可能是 【E、淋巴道扩散 】 92(犬，8月龄，患大肠杆菌病，兽医采用肌内注射复方磺胺嘧啶钠注射液，剂量为每千克体重20mg 磺胺嘧啶钠和4mg甲氧苄啶的用药 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 ，该联合用药最有可能发生的相互作用是 【C、相加作用】 93(猪，3月龄，患链球菌病并继发肺炎支原体感染，兽医采用肌内注射青霉素钠治疗(每千克体重3万单位)，并同时肌内注射盐酸土霉素(每千克体重15mg)的治疗方案，该联合用药最有可能发生的相互作用是 【B、协同作用】 94(犬，2月龄，为预防外科手术后的细菌感染，兽医在犬日粮中添加磺胺二甲嘧啶(500mg/kg日 粮)10天，根据药物的使用剂量、时间，最有可能发生的不良反应是 【B、结晶尿】 95(犬，2月龄，患细菌性腹泻，兽医在犬日粮中添加恩诺沙星(200mg/kg日粮)10天，根据药物的使用剂量、时间，最有可能发生的不良反应是 【E、软骨变性】 96(犬，15月龄，初步诊断为感染性皮炎，用恩诺沙星肌注治疗3天，疗效差，经实验室确诊为表皮癣菌感染，应改用的治疗药物是 C、酮康唑 97(犬，4月龄，生长缓慢、呕吐、腹泻、贫血，经粪便检查确诊为蛔虫和复孔绦虫混合感染，最佳的治疗药物是 B、阿苯达唑 某肉鸡场病死鸡，剖检见营养状况良好，肝脏肿大，颜色淡黄、油亮，切面结构模糊，有油腻感，质脆如泥。 98(该鸡肝脏的病变为 A、脂肪变性 99(将此肝脏作石蜡切片，HE染色后，镜下可见肝细胞内有 E、大小不一的空泡 100(若将肝脏作冰冻切片，证明该病变应采用 A、PAS染色 5 101(细菌在固体培养基上培养，通过肉眼可观察到的是 菌体集落 102(革兰氏阳性菌细胞壁特有的组分是 肽聚糖 103(细菌抵御动物吞噬细胞吞噬的结构是 A、荚膜 104(细菌的繁殖方式是 二分裂增殖 105(具有抗菌作用的细菌代谢产物是 细菌素 106(细菌具有黏附作用的结构是 菌毛 107(用于分离细菌的粪便样本在运输中常加入的保存液是 E、无菌甘油缓冲盐水 108(种蛋室空气消毒常用的方法是 A、紫外线 109(猪肺疫的病原是 多杀性巴氏杆菌 110(裸露病毒保护核酸免受环境中核酸酶破坏的结构是 囊膜 111(用鸡胚增殖禽流感病毒的最适接种部位是 绒毛尿囊膜 113(具有血凝素神经氨酸酶纤突的病毒是 新城疫病毒 114(属于半抗原的物质是 青霉素 115(在动物机体局部黏膜免疫中发挥主要作用的抗体是 IgA 116(属于中枢免疫器官的是 、胸腺 117(递呈初次接触抗原最有效的细胞是 B淋巴细胞 118(属于典型的细胞毒型(II型)变态反应是 青霉素过敏反应 119(新生动物通过母源抗体而获得对某种病原的免疫力属于 天然被动免疫 120(从细菌或病毒中提取蛋白成分制备的疫苗属于 亚单位疫苗 121(可用于体外抗原或抗体检测的免疫学技术是 补体结合反应 122(检测敏感度可达到皮克(pg)级水平的免疫学技术是 放射免疫 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 技术 123(感染动物症状消失后，仍长期或终身携带病毒并不定期排毒的感染类型是 6 持续性感染 124(100头仔猪中有40头发病，其中20头死亡，其病死率为 A、20% 125(属于免疫学诊断的实验室检测方法是 A、凝集试验 126(我国动物传染病防疫工作的指导方针是 B、预防为主 127(怀疑奶牛发生疯牛病，实验室确诊的方法是 D、脑组织病理学检查 128(除马以外，马鼻疽的最易感动物是 骡 129(生产中对动物皮毛进行炭疽检疫应用的方法是 Ascoli反应 130(仔猪梭菌性肠炎又称 仔猪红痢 131(急性型猪巴氏杆菌病病理剖检的重要特征为 纤维素性肺炎 132(接种猪水疱病病料后，可致死的实验动物是 A、1,2日龄小鼠 133(猪细小病毒病主要发生于 初产母猪 134(牛传染性鼻气管炎临床类型不包括 A、皮肤型 135(分离培养牛出血性败血病病原的常用培养基是 B、鲜血琼脂 136(以食道黏膜糜烂并呈线状排列为病理特征的牛传染病是 牛病毒性腹泻 137(分离新城疫病毒，病料接种SPF鸡胚的部位是 尿囊膜 138(以呼吸困难，咳出带血的黏液为特征的疾病是 传染性喉气管炎 139(实验室诊断禽霍乱的最适病料是 心血、肝 140(出现双相热、肠道急性卡他性炎和神经症状的犬传染病是 、犬瘟热 141(兔病毒性出血病的典型病理变化是 肺出血，肝淤血 142(家蚕核型多角体病不会出现的病症是 A、脓蚕 143(蜜蜂美洲幼虫腐臭病具有诊断意义的症状是 B、烂虫能拉丝 144(猪是猪带绦虫的 A、中间宿主 145(锥虫的免疫逃避机制主要是 7 A、抗原变异 146(确诊寄生虫病最可靠的方法是 B、病原检查 147(动物驱虫期间，对其粪便最适宜的处理方法是 C、生物热发酵 148(寄生于羊的大型肺线虫是 B、胎生网尾线虫 【AB均为大型肺线虫，难到要根据大小确定。】 149(狄斯蜂螨的发育过程中无 D、若虫 150(细粒棘球蚴多寄生于家畜和人的 肝脏和肺脏 151(华支睾吸虫成虫寄生于犬、猫的 胆管 152(猪疥螨的寄生部位是 B、表皮 153(泰勒虫的“石榴体”阶段见于牛羊的 淋巴细胞 154(犬巴贝斯虫寄生于犬的 A、红细胞 155(犬恶丝虫寄生于犬的 心脏 156(蚤对犬、猫的最主要危害是 吸血和传播疾病 157(寄生于兔肝脏的艾美耳球虫是 B、斯氏艾美耳球虫 158(鸡皮刺螨的发育阶段不包括 、蛹 159(马副蛔虫幼虫移行期引起的主要症状是 咳嗽 160(甲基汞进入机体后的靶器官是 A、脑 161(不具有雌激素活性的环境污染物是 、亚硝酸盐 162(水俣病是指 、汞中毒 163(属于自然疫源性疾病的是 流行性出血热 164(对畜禽粪便无害化处理，最常用且经济的方法是 D、生物热消毒 165(动物诊疗机构兽医人员进入高危险性人畜共患病病区时需使用的加强防护用品是 医用口罩 8 166(某牛场发病奶牛，呼吸困难，鼻流无色或带血色泡沫液体。取鼻腔分泌物经瑞氏染色、镜检见两极着色的球杆菌，该病例最可能的致病病原是C、多杀性巴氏杆菌 167(一黄牛，发病初期干咳，清晨尤为明显。后期湿咳，鼻孔流出黄色黏液。取鼻腔分泌物经抗酸染色、镜检见红色的杆菌，该病例最可能的致病病原是B、牛分支杆菌 168(一黑白花奶牛，呼吸困难，长时间轻咳或干咳，严重时呈弓形站立。取鼻腔拭子，接种于10%的马血清马丁琼脂，37?培养5天，可见“煎荷包蛋”状小菌落，该病例最可能的致病病原是 A、牛支原体 169(某猪场初产母猪，产死胎、畸胎、木乃伊胎，母猪本身无明显症状。从死胎肝脏中分离出具有血凝活性的病毒，该病例最可能的致病病原是 B、猪细小病毒 170(某猪场怀孕母猪，产下部分死胎，部分仔猪在10日龄出现震颤、四肢呈划水状。将病猪脑组织匀浆液接种家兔，出现奇痒症状，该病例最可能的致病病原是 C、伪狂犬病病毒 171(某猪场一头公猪出现睾丸一侧肿大，另一侧萎缩，与该公猪交配的母猪出现流产。用乳鼠肾细胞分离到一种能凝集绵羊红细胞的病毒，该病例最可能的致病病原是 D、日本脑炎病毒 172(动物机体抗病毒感染免疫中，在消化道、呼吸道黏膜免疫中起主要作用的免疫分子是 E、分泌型IgA 173(动物机体抗病毒感染免疫中，在特异性免疫阶段具有中和病毒和调理作用的免疫分子是 A、IgG B、干扰素 174(动物机体抗病毒感染免疫中，在病毒感染初期起主要的非特异性抗病毒作用的免疫分子是 D、白介素-2 B、干扰素 175(某仔猪群45日龄后陆续出现腹泻症状，剖检见全身黏膜不同程度的出血;脾肿大、呈蓝紫色， 坚实似橡皮;肝有灰黄色的坏死点;肾肿大;胃肠黏膜卡他性炎症，肠系膜淋巴结肿大，该病猪最可能患的疫病是 E、沙门氏菌病 176(某猪场3日龄仔猪，陆续出现腹泻症状，排出黄色浆液状稀便，含凝乳小片，部分死亡。剖检见十二指肠黏膜卡他性炎症。取病猪小肠前段内容物接种麦康凯培养基，见圆形红色菌落生长，该病猪最可能患的疫病是 C、仔猪黄痢 177(某猪场20日龄仔猪，陆续出现腹泻症状，排出灰白色浆液状、腥臭粪便。发病率30%，病死率10%。剖检见肠黏膜卡他性炎症病变。取病猪小肠前段内容物接种麦康凯培养基，见圆形红色菌落生长，该病猪最可能患的疫病是 B、仔猪白痢 178(某仔猪群精神不振，消瘦，腹部膨大，腹泻。粪检见大量壳薄透明的卵圆形虫卵，内含折刀样幼虫，该病例最可能的致病病原是 C、类圆线虫 【744】 179(某羔羊群食欲减退，消瘦、贫血、腹泻，死前数日排水样血色便，并有脱落的黏膜。粪检见大量腰鼓形棕黄色虫卵，两端有卵塞，该病例最可能的致病病原是 D、毛尾线虫 180(某犊牛群发热、昏睡、食欲不振，伴有严重腹泻、脱水，剖检见肠管肿胀，充满黏液和气体，采用饱和蔗糖液漂浮法检查患牛粪便，油镜观察发现大量内含4个裸露子孢子的卵囊，该病例最可能的致病病原是 B、隐孢子虫 181(一中年妇女食用熟猪头肉后，发生腹痛和腹泻，随后出现发热、败血症和脑膜炎症状， 9 根据食物中毒症状，选出受污染食物中最可能的病原菌是 C、李斯特菌 182(一男童夏天饮用牛乳后，突然发生恶心，反复剧烈呕吐，唾液很多，上腹部疼痛，并有腹泻。 呕吐物中混有胆汁和血液，腹泻为水样便，根据食物中毒症状，选出受污染食物中最可能的病原菌是 B、葡萄球菌 183( 一男青年食用牛肉罐头后，出现头晕，无力，视力模糊，眼睑下垂，咀嚼无力，张口困难，吞咽和呼吸困难，脖子无力而垂头等肌肉麻痹为特征的症状，根据食物中毒症状，选出受污染食物中最可能的病原菌是 D、肉毒梭菌 184(某鸡场7日龄雏鸡发病，排白色浆糊状粪便;肝脏病料接种麦康凯培养基，生长出无色菌落，生长菌革兰氏染色阴性。该鸡群感染的病原可能是 B、沙门氏菌 185(某鸡场4周龄鸡出现咳嗽气喘、流鼻液症状。分泌物经0.45μm滤膜过滤后接种牛心浸出液琼脂培养基，7天后可见露珠状小菌落。该鸡群感染的病原可能是 支气管败血波氏杆菌 186(某鸡场产蛋鸡突然发病，闭目昏睡，头面部水肿，脚部鳞片出血。剖检见皮下、黏膜及内脏广泛出血。病料悬液经0.2μm滤膜过滤后，滤液接种鸡胚可致鸡胚死亡，能鉴定该病原的方法是 E、血凝和血凝抑制试验 187(某猪场7日龄哺乳仔猪发病，病初呕吐，继而水样腹泻，粪便内含有未消化的凝乳块，病死率 达90%;取病猪粪便经处理后电镜观察，可见表面具有放射状纤突的病毒。该猪群感染的病原可能 是 E、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒 188(9月龄犬，雄性，初期精神沉郁，不愿和人接近。食欲反常，喜吃异物。后期尾巴下垂，流涎， 恐水。该犬患病最可能是 C、狂犬病 189(某猪场4月龄猪急性发病，体温41?，呈稽留热，四肢末端有出血点。剖检可见全身淋巴结肿大，周边出血;脾脏表面及边缘见出血性梗死，肾脏表面有出血点或出血斑。最可能的疾病是 A、猪瘟 190(某鸡场2周龄鸡发病，排出白色黏稠或水样稀粪，剖检见腿肌胸肌出血，法氏囊充血、水肿、 出血，呈紫黑色，肾肿大苍白，呈花斑状。该鸡群可能发生的疾病是 E、鸡传染性法氏囊病 191(某猪群出现食欲废绝，高热稽留，呼吸困难，体表淋巴结肿大，皮肤发绀。孕猪出现流产、死胎。取病死猪肝、肺、淋巴结及腹水抹片染色镜检见香蕉形虫体，该寄生虫病可能是 D、弓形虫病 192(夏季，某绵羊群放牧后出现食欲减退、体温升高、可视黏膜苍白等症状。剖检见肝脏肿大、出血，在腹腔和肝脏中发现扁平叶状幼虫，该病可能是 片形吸虫病 193(检疫人员进行生猪宰后检疫时，肉眼发现某屠宰猪肉膈肌中有针尖大小的白色小点，低倍镜检查见梭形包囊，囊内有卷曲的虫体。该虫体最可能是 10 肉孢子虫 194(某牛场遭受洪灾后，有一头牛出现体温升高至42?，全身抽搐，可视黏膜发绀，5小时后死亡， 口腔、鼻孔等流血且凝固不全。对该病死牛正确的生物安全处理方法是 焚毁 某地一群山羊在3月份突然发病，高热，呼吸困难。口鼻有脓性分泌物，口腔黏膜先红肿，后破溃。 腹泻、血便。病死率75%。剖检见皱胃有糜烂病灶，结肠和直肠结合处有条纹状出血。 195(该病最可能是 羊肠毒血症 196(该病的病原最可能是 A、细菌 197(对该发病羊群应采取的措施是 抗生素治疗 ( 我国南方某放牧牛群出现食欲减退，精神不振，腹泻，便血，严重贫血，衰竭死亡。剖检见肝脏肿大、有大量虫卵结节。 198(该病的病原最可能是 日本分体吸虫 199(确诊该病常用的粪检方法是 A、虫卵漂浮法 200(死后剖检，最可能检出成虫的部位是 肠系膜静脉 1(检查浅表淋巴结活动性的基本方法是 触诊 2(属于心脏收缩期的非器质性杂音是 A、贫血性杂音 3(属于犬生理性肺呼吸音是 混合呼吸音 4(动物交叉配血试验相合是指 E、主侧不凝集、次侧不凝集 5(属于心肌损害的生化检验指标为 11 A、肌酸激酶 6(可引起犬少尿的疾病是 急性肾炎 7(支气管肺炎的X线影征是 C、大小不一的云絮状阴影 8(以波幅变化反映回波情况的超声诊断类型属于 A、A型 9(心电图中的P波反映 D、心室肌去极化 10(黄疸的生化检验指标是 A、总胆红素 11(犬静脉穿刺最常用的血管是 桡外侧静脉 12(犬肝胆超声检查部位在 B、右侧第10,12肋间 13(牛胎衣不下时最常用的检查方法是 阴道检查 14(急性前胃弛缓时瘤胃内容物的pH值 降低 15(肾病与急性肾炎的主要鉴别症状是 A、少尿 16(不属于脊髓炎的临床特征是 A、昏迷 17(治疗猫脂肪肝综合征的处方日粮特点是 高脂肪低蛋白 18(对佝偻病动物进行血液生化检查，活性升高的酶是 碱性磷酸酶 19(治疗奶牛产后血红蛋白尿病的注射药物是 磷酸二氢钠 20(维持动物视觉、特别是在维持暗适应能力方面起着极其重要作用的维生素是 A、维生素A 21(鸡硒缺乏的病理变化特征是 渗出性素质 22(临床上可作为一般解毒剂的维生素是 维生素C 23(在畜牧生产中危害最大的霉菌毒素是 黄曲霉毒素 24(猪食盐中毒的发作期应 A、禁止饮水 25(猫发生敌鼠钠盐中毒时主要症状是 、出血 26(防止肉鸡腹水综合征，日粮中可添加的氨基酸是 精氨酸 12 27(蜂窝织炎属于 急性弥漫性化脓性炎症 28(取一期愈合的是 无菌手术创 29(治疗水肿性溃疡不得使用的药物是 A、鱼肝油 30(辅助治疗犬口腔乳头状瘤的首选药物是 长春新碱 31(机体多肌群和关节发生疼痛的疾病是 C、风湿病 32(常用的洗眼液为 A、2%硼酸 33(颈静脉注射时，漏注可引起较严重颈静脉周围炎的注射液是 A、5%水合氯醛 34(胸壁透创的主要并发症是 B、气胸 35(直肠脱整复后的外固定方法是在肛门周围行 A、荷包缝合合 36(马支跛的运步特征是 B、后方短步 37(0.1%苯扎溴铵溶液(新洁尔灭)浸泡消毒手术器械时，为防止生锈应添加的药物是 0.5%亚硝酸钠 38(眼角膜手术时，全身麻醉应配合实施 局部浸润麻醉 39(犬腹腔手术最理想的麻醉深度是 C、第?期2级 40(伦勃特氏缝合法适用的器官是 膀胱 41(母犬膀胱手术常用的腹壁切口部位是 D、耻前腹中线切口 42(牛超数排卵时能显著促进卵泡发育的激素是 A、雌二醇 B、前列腺素 C、促黄体素 D、人绒毛膜促性腺激素 E、马绒毛膜促性腺激素 43(卵子受精时，阻止多精子入卵有关的机制是 A、顶体反应 B、卵子激活 C、精子获能 D、卵质膜反应 E、精卵膜融合 44(牛妊娠期卵巢的特征性变化是 A、体积变小 B、质地变硬 C、质地变软 D、有卵泡发育 E、有黄体存在 45(牵引术助产的适应症是 A、子宫捻转 B、骨盆狭窄 C、原发性子宫弛缓 D、继发性子宫弛缓 E、子宫颈开放不能 (E答案就是语言不通) 46(与其他动物相比，牛胎衣不下发生率较高的主要原因是 13 A、肥胖 B、瘦弱 C、内分泌紊乱 D、饲养管理失宜 E、胎盘组织构造特点 47(多发子宫蓄脓的动物是 A、猪 B、马 C、犬 D、兔 E、绵羊 48(公牛精囊腺炎综合征的常用诊断方法是 A、激素分析 B、直肠检查 C、血常规检查 D、尿常规检查 E、腹壁B超检查 49(奶牛隐性乳房炎的特点是 A、乳房肿胀，乳汁稀薄 B、乳房有触痛，乳汁稀薄 C、乳房无异常，乳汁含絮状物 D、乳房无异常，乳汁含凝乳块 E、乳房和乳汁无肉眼可见异常 50(阴阳双方存在着相互排斥、相互斗争、相互制约的关系为 A、阴阳互根 B、阴阳消长 C、阴阳对立 D、阴阳转化 E、阴阳关联 51(六淫之中，湿邪的主要性质是 A、阴冷、凝滞 B、炎热、升散 C、重浊、黏滞 D、善行、主动 E、热极、炎上 52(中药四气是指 A、寒、热、温、平 B、升、降、浮、沉 C、辛、甘、酸、苦 D、生、克、乘、侮 E、寒、凉、温、热 53(发汗解表、用于外感风寒表实证、与麻黄相须配伍的药物是 A、防风 B、桂枝 C、薄荷 D、葛根 E、升麻 54(白虎汤的药物组成是 A、石膏、知母、粳米、甘草 B、石膏、知母、栀子、甘草 C、石膏、知母、芦根、甘草 D、石膏、知母、粳米、黄连 E、石膏、知母、粳米、黄柏 55(治疗老龄患畜肠燥便秘的方剂是 A、曲蘖散 B、保和丸 C、白头翁汤 D、大承气汤 E、当归苁蓉汤 56(善祛风痰的中药是 A、半夏 B、贝母 C、桔梗 D、天南星 E、旋覆花 57(理中汤的药物组成为 A、党参、黄芪、白术、白芍 B、党参、干姜、白术、炙甘草 C、党参、黄芪、白术、炙甘草 D、党参、茯苓、白术、炙甘草 E、党参、干姜、茯苓、炙甘草 58(活血行气、祛风止痛的药物是 A、川芎 B、丹参 C、桃仁 D、赤芍 E、乳香 59(补血活血兼有润肠通便作用的药物是 A、白芍 B、阿胶 C、当归 D、山药 E、百合 60(具有平肝息风作用的药物是 A、天麻 B、杜仲 C、山药 D、麻黄 E、桑叶 B1型题 答题说明 以下提供若干组考题，每组考题共用在考题前列出的A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。请从中选择一个与问题关系最密切的答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框 14 涂黑。某个被选答案可能被选择一次、多次或不被选择。 (61,62题共用被选答案) A、血尿 B、卟啉尿 C、肌红蛋白尿 D、血红蛋白尿 E、药物性红尿 61(北京犬，8岁，近期排尿习惯改变，排尿困难，尿少而频，色红，触诊检查膀胱有疼痛反应，X 线检查未见膀胱结石阴影，该红尿病例最可能的红尿性质是 A、血尿 62(经产奶牛，3天前食欲下降，体温38.5?，呼吸28次/分钟，脉搏85次/分钟，结膜苍白、黄染，排尿次数增加，但每次排尿量相对减少，尿液呈暗红色，该红尿病例最可能的红尿性质是 D、血红蛋白尿 (63,64题共用被选答案) A、腺病毒 B、链球菌 C、葡萄球菌 D、犬细小病毒 E、犬恶心丝虫 63(犬，6周龄，呕吐，排番茄汁样稀粪，有难闻腥臭味，体温40.5?，听诊心音快而弱，心律不齐，该病例最可能的病原是D、犬细小病毒 64(犬，5岁，咳嗽，呼吸困难，运动乏力，体温38.9?，脉搏55次/分钟，听诊有心内杂音，腹围增大，X线检查肺动脉扩张，抗菌药治疗无效，该病例最可能的病原是 E、犬恶心丝虫 (65,66题共用被选答案) A、髋关节 B、膝关节 C、跗关节 D、系关节 E、冠关节 65(德国牧羊犬，站立时左后肢膝、跗关节高度屈曲，患肢悬垂，运动中呈三脚跳步样。X线检查， 可见患肢胫骨嵴向内侧扭曲，该跛行的动物患肢最可能脱位的关节是 A、髋关节 66( 使役公牛，运动中左后肢突然向后伸直，不能弯曲，蹄尖被迫曳地，触诊髌骨位于股骨内侧滑车嵴的顶端，内侧直韧带高度紧张。但有时运动又能自然恢复正常肢势，该跛行的动物患肢最可能脱位的关节是 B、膝关节 (67,69题共用被选答案) A、蹄裂 B、白线裂 C、蹄叶炎 D、蹄叉腐烂 E、蹄冠蜂窝织炎 67(马，4岁，体温40.1?，四肢蹄冠先后出现圆枕形肿胀，触诊有热、痛，支跛，根据临床表现诊断所患蹄病是 E、蹄冠蜂窝织炎 68(马，4岁，广蹄，装蹄时举肢检查，白线部凹陷，内充满粪、土和泥沙，未见跛行，根据临床表现诊断所患蹄病是 B、白线裂 69( 马，5岁，精神沉郁，体温40?，不愿站立和运动，驻立时，双前肢前伸，双后肢伸至腹下， 以蹄踵着地。叩诊蹄壁敏感，根据临床表现诊断所患蹄病是 C、蹄叶炎 (70,71题共用被选答案) A、当天晚上 B、第2天上午 C、第2天下午 D、第2天晚上 E、第3天上午 70(奶牛，早上开始发情，表现明显，阴户红肿，黏液清亮、牵缕性强，第1次配种的最适宜时间是 A、当天晚上 71(母猪，下午开始发情，表现外阴红肿，阴道黏膜充血，黏液透明清晰，发情过程正常，第1次配种的最适宜时间是 D、第2天晚上【不够明确，没有年龄】 (72,73题共用被选答案) A、肝血虚 B、肝胆湿热 C、肝火上炎 D、肝阳化风 E、阴虚生风 15 72(犬，眼目红肿，羞明流泪，视物不清，粪便干燥，尿浓赤黄，口色鲜红，脉数，对于该病证，给予辨证分型是C、肝火上炎 73(牛，精神沉郁，食欲减退，粪便稀软，尿黄混浊，可视黏膜发黄，鲜明如橘，口色红黄，舌苔黄腻，脉数，对于该病证，给予辨证分型是B、肝胆湿热 A2型题 答题说明 每一道考题是以一个小案例出现的，其下面都有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。请从中选择 一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。 74(犬，3月龄，购回1月余，对主人的呼唤无反应，饮、食欲正常。该犬首先需要检查的脑神经是 A、听神经 B、视神经 C、三叉神经 D、舌咽神经 E、动眼神经 75(犬，骨折3月后复诊，X线检查显示原骨折线增宽，骨断端光滑，骨髓腔闭合，骨密度增高， 提示该骨折 A、愈合 B、不愈合 C、二次骨折 D、愈合延迟 E、骨质增生 76(犬，6岁，雄性，近1个月食欲减少，尿频，后段尿液带血，颜色鲜红，精神正常，后腹部触诊敏感。首先需要进行的检查是 A、X线检查 B、血气分析 C、肝功检查 D、血常规检查 E、心电图检查 77(奶牛，5岁，产犊后第3周发病，仅采食少量粗饲料，先便秘后腹泻，迅速消瘦，乳汁、尿液和呼出的气体呈烂苹果味，需要进一步检查的项目是 A、尿蛋白 B、血清钙 C、血清酮体 D、尿胆素原 E、血清无机磷 78(某犬，车撞后1小时，体温、脉搏、呼吸及运动均无异常，仅见胸侧壁有一椭圆形肿胀，触诊有波动感及轻度压痛感。该犬最有可能出现 A、疝 B、气肿 C、脓肿 D、血肿 E、淋巴外渗 79(雄犬，7岁，近日在肛门旁出现肿胀，界限明显，无热、无痛，柔软，大小便不畅。本病最可 能的诊断是 A、肿瘤 B、会阴疝 C、淋巴外渗 D、蜂窝织炎 E、肛门腺炎 80(新生幼驹生后24小时，发现无尿、腹围增大、腹壁紧张，3天后昏迷，体温36?。本病最可能的诊断是 A、肠变位 B、腹壁疝 C、膀胱破裂 D、胎粪滞留 E、腹股沟阴囊疝 81(同窝4只3月龄的波斯猫，近期先后发生头部、爪部成片脱毛现象，患部皮肤干燥。本病最可能的病原是 A、蠕形螨 B、马拉色菌 C、钩虫幼虫 D、犬小孢子菌 E、深红酵母菌 82(奶牛，离分娩尚有1月余。近日出现烦躁不安，乳房胀大，临床检查心率90次/分钟，呼吸30 次/分钟，阴门内有少量清亮黏液。最适合选用的治疗药物是 A、雌激素 B、黄体酮 C、前列腺素 D、垂体后叶素 E、马绒毛膜促性腺激素 83.奶牛，6岁，生产第3胎时曾发生胎衣不下，产后发情周期正常，但屡配不孕。自阴门经常排出一些混浊的黏液，卧地时排出量较多。最可能发生的疾病是 A、子宫积液 B、子宫积脓 C、隐性子宫内膜炎 D、慢性脓性子宫内膜炎 E、慢性卡他性子宫内膜炎 84(马，耳鼻温热，泄泻，泻粪腥臭，尿液短赤，口津干黏，口渴贪饮，口色红黄，舌苔黄腻，脉象滑数。该病中兽医辨证属于 16 A、食积大肠 B、大肠冷泻 C、大肠湿热 D、大肠液亏 E、热结肠道 85(牛，精神倦怠，体瘦毛焦，食欲不振，久泻不止，脱肛，口色淡白，脉虚。治疗宜选用的方剂是 A、四物汤 B、曲蘖散 C、桂心散 D、六味地黄汤 E、补中益气汤 A3/ A4型题 答题说明 以下提供若干个案例，每个案例下设若干道考题。请根据案例所提供的信息，在每一道考试题下面的A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。 (86,88题共用题干) 博美犬，分娩后第4天早晨出现震颤，瘫痪，吠叫，呼吸短促，大量流涎。体温42?，血糖5.5mmol/L， 血清钙1.2mmol/L。 86(该犬所患疾病是 A、酮病 B、低血糖 C、子宫套叠 D、胎衣不下 E、产后子痫 87(治疗该犬首选的药物是 A、氯化钠 B、氯化钙 C、氯化钾 D、葡萄糖 E、碳酸氢钠 88(该病治疗药物的首选给药途径是 A、皮内注射 B、皮下注射 C、肌肉注射 D、静脉注射 E、腹腔注射 (89,91题共用题干) 马，食欲下降，咳嗽，呼吸困难，流黏液性鼻液，体温40.1?，叩诊胸区出现灶性浊音区，胸部听诊有湿啰音，病灶部位肺泡呼吸音减弱。 89(本病最可能的诊断是 A、胸膜炎 B、支气管炎 C、大叶性肺炎 D、支气管肺炎E、间质性肺气肿 90(病马的热型最可能表现为 A、弛张热 B、稽留热 C、回归热 D、间隙热 E、不完整热 91(病马的血常规检查最可能出现 A、白细胞总数增多 B、白细胞总数减少 C、白细胞总数正常 D、红细胞总数增多 E、红细胞总数减少 (92,94题共用题干) 赛马，障碍赛时摔倒，左前肢支跛明显，前臂上部弯曲，他动运动有骨摩擦音，患部肿胀，未见皮肤损伤，全身症状不明显。 92(本病最可能的诊断是 A、骨裂 B、腕关节脱位 C、肘关节脱位 D、肩关节脱位 E、闭合性骨折 93(本病的确诊方法是 A、触诊 B、X线检查 C、超声检查 D、斜板试验 E、关节内窥镜检查 94(本病最适宜的保守治疗方法是 A、绷带包扎 B、石蜡绷带 C、酒精热绷带 D、石膏夹板绷带 E、复方醋酸铅绷带 17 (95,97题共用题干) 德国牧羊犬，2岁，雄性，近2个月来在右肘头出现一鸡蛋大小的逐渐增大的波动性肿胀，无热无痛，未见明显跛行。 95(该肿胀最可能的诊断是 A、血肿 B、关节炎 C、蜂窝织炎 D、淋巴外渗 E、黏液囊炎 96(确诊本病不宜采用的方法是 A、X线检查 B、无菌穿刺 C、超声检查 D、血管造影 E、血常规检查 97(根治该病最佳的方法是 A、热敷 B、引流 C、封闭疗法 D、涂擦刺激剂 E、肿胀物摘除术 (98,100题共用题干) 奶牛，分娩正常，产后当天出现不安、哞叫、兴奋，不久出现四肢肌肉震颤、站立不稳、精神沉郁、 感觉丧失，体温37?。 98(最可能发生的疾病是 A、酮血病 B、产后截瘫 C、生产瘫痪 D、胎衣不下 E、产后败血症 99(发病的主要原因是 A、低血钾 B、低血钙 C、后躯神经受损 D、子宫收缩无力 E、产道及子宫感染 100(最适宜的治疗 原则 组织架构调整原则组织架构设计原则组织架构设置原则财政预算编制原则问卷调查设计原则 是 A、抗菌消炎 B、补充钙剂 C、补充葡萄糖 D、注射催产素 E、补充电解质 综合应用 A1型题 答题说明 每一道考试题下面有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案，请从中选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。 101(猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎最易感的是 A、哺乳仔猪 B、断奶仔猪 C、育肥猪 D、成年公猪 E、妊娠母猪 102(猪等孢球虫病的主要发病日龄是 ,21天 B、25,35天 C、36,45天 D、46,55天 E、56,65天 A、7 103(蛭形巨吻棘头虫在猪体内的寄生部位是 A、胃 B、食道 C、小肠 D、大肠 E、肾脏 104(锁肛多发于 A、羔羊 B、犊牛 C、仔猪 D、马驹 E、幼猫 105(猪低钾血症时，血浆钾浓度(mmol/L)是 A、1,3 B、4,5 C、6,7 D、8,9 E、?10 106(绵羊蓝舌病的主要传播媒介是 A、蜱 B、虱 C、蚊 D、蝇 E、库蠓 107(脑多头蚴的终末宿主为 18 A、牛 B、羊 C、犬 D、鹿 E、骆驼 108(牛心脏检查的首选方法是 A、视诊 B、听诊 C、触诊 D、叩诊 E、问诊 109(最有可能引起奶牛创伤性心包炎的异物是 A、碎石块 B、碎铁块 C、塑料片 D、螺丝帽 E、细长金属物 110(奶牛产后恶露排出时间异常的是 A、3,5天 B、6,7天 C、8,9天 D、10,12天 E、20天以上 111(奶牛难产做产科检查时，发现进入产道的胎儿背部与母体背部不一致是属于 A、胎儿过大 B、胎向异常 C、胎位异常 D、胎势异常 E、产道异常 112(奶牛剖腹产术侧卧保定合理的切口是 A、左肷部前切口 B、右肷部前切口 C、左肋弓下斜切口 D、右肋弓下斜切口 E、平行左乳静脉白线旁切口 E、腹壁B超检查 49(奶牛隐性乳房炎的特点是 A、乳房肿胀，乳汁稀薄 B、乳房有触痛，乳汁稀薄 C、乳房无异常，乳汁含絮状物 D、乳房无异常，乳汁含凝乳块 E、乳房和乳汁无肉眼可见异常 50(阴阳双方存在着相互排斥、相互斗争、相互制约的关系为 A、阴阳互根 B、阴阳消长 C、阴阳对立 D、阴阳转化 E、阴阳关联 51(六淫之中，湿邪的主要性质是 A、阴冷、凝滞 B、炎热、升散 C、重浊、黏滞 D、善行、主动 E、热极、炎上 52(中药四气是指 A、寒、热、温、平 B、升、降、浮、沉 C、辛、甘、酸、苦 D、生、克、乘、侮 E、寒、凉、温、热 53(发汗解表、用于外感风寒表实证、与麻黄相须配伍的药物是 A、防风 B、桂枝 C、薄荷 D、葛根 E、升麻 54(白虎汤的药物组成是 A、石膏、知母、粳米、甘草 B、石膏、知母、栀子、甘草 C、石膏、知母、芦根、甘草 D、石膏、知母、粳米、黄连 113(鸡白痢的病原属于 A、链球菌 B、大肠杆菌 C、沙门氏菌 D、葡萄球菌 E、李氏杆菌 114.鸡毒支原体感染最具诊断价值的病理变化在 A、肺 B、鼻窦 C、气管 D、气囊 E、支气管 115(防治禽皮刺蟎病的药物是 A、氨丙啉 B、吡喹酮 C、地克珠利 D、阿苯达唑 E、溴氰菊酯 116(鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫病的病变主要出现在 A、十二指肠 B、空肠 C、回肠 D、盲肠 E、直肠 117(内脏型禽痛风时肾脏主要病变是 A、出血 B、坏死 C、水肿 D、变性 E、尿酸盐沉积 118(犬猫可视黏膜检查的主要部位是 A、眼结膜 B、鼻腔黏膜 C、口腔黏膜 D、直肠黏膜 E、阴道黏膜 119(犬口炎的症状不包括 19 A、大量流涎 B、咀嚼障碍 C、吞咽障碍 D、采食缓慢 E、口腔溃疡 120(犬眼内压升高的疾病是 A、角膜炎 B、虹膜炎 C、结膜炎 D、青光眼 E、白内障 121(犬钡餐造影在胸腔内显示胃肠影像的疾病是 A、膈疝 B、腹壁疝 C、肠套叠 D、肠扭转 E、胃扩张 122(犬阴道增生脱出多发生在 A、发情期 B、妊娠期 C、子宫开口期 D、胎儿产出期 E、胎衣排出期 123(中兽医辨证犬黄疸属于阳黄的主要特点是 A、不能转化为阴黄 B、病程长，常有发热 C、病程短，虚象明显 D、可视黏膜发黄，黄色鲜明 E、可视黏膜发黄，黄色晦暗 124(测量犬猫体温的主要部位是 A、皮肤 B、口腔 C、腋下 D、耳根 E、直肠 125(母马初情期的卵巢变化是 A、不排卵 B、有黄体 C、无卵泡发育 D、有卵泡发育 E、卵巢质地变硬 126(病犬在康复期出现角膜混浊的常见传染病是 A、犬瘟热 B、犬传染性肝炎 C、犬细小病毒病 D、犬冠状病毒性腹泻 E、犬副流感病毒感染 127(水貂病毒性肠炎的一个重要特征是 A、消瘦 B、发热 C、精神萎顿 D、食欲不振 E、白细胞减少 128(马患热喘证的典型证候为 A、咳嗽气喘，鼻流清涕 B、呼吸喘促，呼出气热 C、形寒肢冷，动则喘甚 D、精神倦怠，呼多吸少 E、喘声低微，日轻夜重 B1型题 答题说明 以下提供若干组考题，每组考题共用在考题前列出的A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。请从中 选择一个与问题关系最密切的答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。某个被选答案可能被选择一次、多次或不被选择。 (129,130题共用被选答案) A、结核病 B、衣原体病 C、布鲁氏菌病 D、李氏杆菌病 E、沙门氏杆菌病 129(经产母牛发情频繁，性欲亢进，体温39.2?，从阴道流出脓性分泌物，取分泌物进行细菌分 离培养，分离菌革兰氏染色阳性，抗酸染色菌体为红色，形态平直或微弯，最可能发生的传染病是 A、结核病 130(青年母牛怀孕至4个月，发生流产，体温39.3?，阴道流出黏液样的灰色分泌物，取流产胎 儿的肝和脾直接涂片，革兰氏染色和柯兹洛夫斯基鉴别染色后，镜检见菌体呈红色、球杆状，最可能发生的传染病是C、布鲁氏菌病 (131,132题共用被选答案) A、蹄叶炎 B、腐蹄病 C、局限性蹄皮炎 D、指(趾)间皮炎 E、指(趾)间皮肤增生 20 131(奶牛，跛行，体温40.5?，四肢蹄部肿胀，触诊有热痛，右后肢蹄底有窦道，内有恶臭坏死物;病原检查发现坏死杆菌，最可能的蹄病是B、腐蹄病 132(奶牛，处于泌乳高峰期，长期饲喂精料和青贮饲料;跛行，站立时弓背，后肢向前伸达于腹下;指(趾)动脉搏动明显，蹄冠皮肤发红、增温，蹄壁叩击敏感，最可能的蹄病是 A、蹄叶炎 (133,134题共用被选答案) A、肌酸激酶 B、白细胞计数 C、红细胞计数 D、血液淀粉酶 E、丙氨酸氨基转移酶 133(犬，食欲降低，粪便稀软、恶臭，尿色黄，皮肤及结膜黄染，触诊肝区疼痛，叩诊肝浊音区扩大，实验室检查首选项目是E、丙氨酸氨基转移酶 134(犬，突然发病，食欲不振，反复呕吐，粪便中有少量未消化食物，色黄;触诊其腹部异常敏感，体温40.2?，实验室检查首选项目是D、血液淀粉酶 (135,136题共用被选答案) A、结节缝合 B、库兴氏缝合 C、伦勃特氏缝合 D、水平褥式缝合 E、垂直褥式缝合 135(北京犬，腹泻，腹部触诊能触及腹腔内香肠状的肠管。施行手术治疗，腹中线切口皮肤缝合的方法是A、结节缝合 136(德国牧羊犬，误食金属异物，X线拍片见异物位于小肠内。 施行小肠侧壁切开术取出异物，肠侧壁切口全层缝合的方法是D、水平褥式缝合 A2型题 答题说明 每一道考题是以一个小案例出现的，其下面都有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。请从中选择 一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。 137(炎热季节，某规模化猪场母猪发热，流产，产死胎，发病率为10%;公猪一侧睾丸肿大，具有传染性。可能的疾病是 A、猪瘟 B、猪乙型脑炎 C、猪伪狂犬病 D、猪细小病毒病 E、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征 138(某猪场，全群猪发病，母猪和育肥猪不能站立，在鼻盘部出现大小不一的水疱，初生仔猪发生死亡。最适于病原分离的样品是 A、血液 B、鼻液 C、尿液 D、水疱液 E、乳汁或精液 139(某规模化猪场中100头90日龄以上猪，部分猪突然发生咳嗽，呼吸困难，体温达41? C以上， 急性死亡，死亡率为15%。死前口鼻流出带有血色的液体，剖检见肺与胸壁粘连，肺充血、出血、坏死，用巧克力琼脂培养基从患猪病料中分离出了病原菌，最可能的疾病是 A、猪肺疫 B、猪支原体肺炎 C、猪2型链球菌病 D、副猪嗜血杆菌病 E、猪传染性胸膜肺炎 140(某猪场，部分4月龄育肥猪突然发病，呼吸急迫，体温41? C;腹下及四肢皮肤呈紫红色，有出血点。频死前口鼻中流出暗红色血液。血液涂片染色镜检，可见大量革兰氏阳性菌。该病可初步诊断为 A、猪链球菌病 B、猪巴氏杆菌病 C、猪支原体肺炎 21 D、猪传染性胸膜肺炎 E、猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎 141.一头病猪，食欲不振，体温41?，可视黏膜发绀，间歇性咳嗽，口鼻流出泡沫。提示该病的炎症部位在 A、鼻腔 B、咽喉 C、气管 D、食道 E、肺脏 142.某猪场，部分4日龄仔猪逐渐出现精神萎顿，食欲废绝，站立不稳，吮乳无力，皮肤冷湿，体温36?，可视黏膜淡红，脱水。剖检见胃内容物少，肝脏小而硬。同场其他猪舍同龄仔猪无类似症状病例。治疗该病应注射 A、青霉素 B、葡萄糖 C、甘露醇 D、维生素E E、硫酸亚铁 143(某猪场2岁种公猪，精神沉郁，步态强拘，拱背，腰部触诊敏感，常做排尿姿势。尿检可见红细胞、白细胞、盐类结晶、肾上皮细胞，该病可能的诊断是 A、肾结石 B、尿道结石 C、膀胱结石 D、输尿管结石 E、慢性肾衰竭 144(一头奶牛偷食了大量玉米，随后食欲废绝，反刍停止，精神沉郁，鼻镜干燥，喜饮水，临床检 查时重点诊断的部位是 A、瘤胃 B、网胃 C、瓣胃 D、真胃 E、盲肠 145(一头奶牛下颌及腹下轻度水肿，排尿减少，弓腰，肾区触诊敏感，尿液检查未见有红细胞，如进一步检查血液，应重点检测血液中 A、酮体 B、尿素 C、胆固醇 D、胆红素 E、葡萄糖 146(奶牛食入大量刚收割的青绿饲料，突然出现流涎，腹泻，腹痛，肌肉震颤，瞳孔缩小，据此症状，最有可能发生的疾病是 A、有机磷中毒 B、有机氟中毒 C、有机氯中毒 D、氢氰酸中毒 E、亚硝酸盐中毒 147.奶牛，跛行，精神沉郁，体温40.5?。左后肢蹄部肿胀，触诊有热痛，蹄底有窦道，趾间皮肤有溃疡，并覆盖有恶臭坏死物。最有效的治疗方法是 A、冷敷 B、热敷 C、手术疗法 D、激素疗法 E、输液疗法 148(奶牛，瘤胃、瓣胃蠕动音减弱，按压右侧第7,9肋间肩关节水平线上下，病牛躲闪、反抗; 粪便减少、干硬，呈算盘珠状，表面有黏液，粪内有多量未消化的饲料和粗纤维。如采用手术治疗， 其最佳切口部位是 A、左肷部前切口 B、左肷部后切口 C、右肷部前切口 D、右肷部中切口 E、右肷部后切口 149(奶牛妊娠后期，体温39.2?，乳房下半部皮肤发红，指压留痕，热痛不明显。对该牛合理的处理措施是 A、注射氯前列烯醇 B、乳头内注射抗生素 C、减少精料和多汁饲料 D、在乳房基部注射抗生素 E、乳房皮下穿刺放液消肿 150(某鸡场，1,3日龄雏鸡死亡率3%，病死鸡剖检，见肺、肾、肝、心潮红湿润，部分病死雏脐带处可见绿豆大、黄白色包囊状物，卵黄囊呈黄绿色，吸收稍差，此病可能是 A、新城疫 B、药物中毒 C、饲料中毒 D、大肠杆菌感染 E、维生素A缺乏症 151(夏季，某养鸡场雏鸡下痢，呼吸困难，口流鲜血，鸡冠和肉垂苍白;剖检见有全身性出血，内脏器官肿大，胸肌、腿肌和心包等处有针尖至粟粒大小的白色结节。该病可能是 A、新城疫 B、球虫病 C、盲肠肝炎 D、住白细胞虫病 E、传染性法氏囊病 152(笼养蛋鸡场，产蛋高峰期始终有10%软壳蛋，部分鸡腹泻，喜卧，龙骨轻度变形。为进一步确诊，应首先检测血清中 A、钙水平 B、磷水平 C、钾水平 D、钠水平 E、镁水平 22 153(某鸡群发病，以进行性肌麻痹和头颈后仰呈“观星姿势”等临床症状为特征。该群鸡的病因可 能是缺乏 A、维生素A B、维生素B1 C、维生素C D、维生素D E、维生素E 154(某500只散养鸡，精神萎顿，食欲减退，便秘或下痢，有时见血便。用左旋咪唑驱虫后，在粪便内见圆形长条虫体。该鸡群可能感染了 A、鸡蛔虫 B、鸡异刺线虫 C、旋锐形线虫 D、四角赖利绦虫 E、美洲四棱线虫 155(腊肠犬，10岁，头颈僵直，耳竖起，鼻尖抵地，运步小心，触诊颈部敏感。该犬最可能患有 A、肱骨骨折 B、肘关节炎 C、桡神经麻痹 D、颈椎间盘突出 E、肩胛上神经麻痹 156(母犬，10岁，多食、多饮、多尿，体重减轻，血糖浓度为10mmol/L。有效的治疗药物是 A、肌苷 B、干扰素 C、胰岛素 D、生理盐水 E、25%葡萄糖 157(犬，排粪困难，里急后重，甩尾，擦舔肛门，挤压其肛门疼痛并流出黑灰色恶臭物。该病是 A、锁肛 B、直肠脱 C、直肠破裂 D、肛门囊炎 E、巨结肠症 158(北京犬，发病1周，包皮肿胀，包皮口污秽不洁、流出脓样腥臭液体;翻开包皮囊，见红肿、 溃疡病变。该病是 A、包皮囊炎 B、前列腺炎 C、阴茎肿瘤 D、前列腺囊肿 E、前列腺增生 159(犬，饮水量增加，皮肤增厚，弹性降低，色素沉着，躯干部对称性脱毛。X线检查显示骨质疏松。该犬内分泌异常的激素最可能是 A、甲状腺素 B、生长激素 C、肾上腺素 D、糖皮质激素 E、去甲肾上腺素 160(公犬，频频排尿，努责，排尿困难，有血尿。X线拍片检查显示膀胱中有高密度阴影。手术治疗选腹中线切口，需依次切开与分离皮肤、皮下组织和 A、腹白线、腹膜 B、腹横肌、腹膜 C、腹直肌鞘、腹膜 D、腹内斜肌、腹外斜肌、腹膜 E、腹外斜肌、腹内斜肌、腹膜 161(北京犬，8岁，10千克，不愿活动，呼吸困难，黏膜发绀。心电图II导联显示:P波0.08s， P波呈双峰或有切迹。心电图诊断提示 A、左心房肥大 B、右心房肥大 C、左心室肥大 D、右心室肥大 E、左右心房肥大 162(腊肠母犬，8岁，4kg，病初食欲增加，饮水、排尿多，且地面尿湿处有蚂蚁聚集。血液生化检查最可能出现 A、血酮含量升高 B、血酮含量降低 C、血糖含量降低 D、血糖含量升高 E、血清尿素含量升高 163(马在运动过程中突然出现膝关节、跗关节不能屈曲，大腿和小腿强直。强迫运动时蹄尖着地，拖曳前进。触诊时髌骨位于滑车嵴的顶端，内直韧带高度紧张。手术治疗的最佳方案是 A、跗关节切开矫形术 B、膝内直韧带切断术 C、膝关节外侧带加固术 D、髋关节开放性整复固定术 E、切开膝关节，整复固定髌骨 164(马，雄性，配种后第2天，一侧阴囊肿大、皮肤紧张发亮，出现浮肿;不愿走动，运步时两后肢开张，步态紧张，直肠检查，腹股沟内环内有肠管脱入。最可能的疾病是 23 A、睾丸炎 B、附睾炎 C、阴囊积水 D、睾丸肿瘤 E、腹股沟阴囊疝 165(某兔场，病兔全身皮肤、面部和天然孔周围肿胀明显，切开肿胀部皮下可见组织充血，水肿，胶冻状液体积聚，具有高度传染性，死亡率高达100%，该病可能是 A、链球菌病 B、黏液瘤病 C、恶性水肿 D、病毒性出血 E、巴氏杆菌病 A3 /A4型题 答题说明 以下提供若干个案例，每个案例下设若干道考题。请根据案例所提供的信息，在每一 道考试题下面的A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应 题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。 (166,167题共用题干) 某猪群，部分3,4月龄育肥猪出现消瘦，顽固性腹泻，用抗生素治疗效果不佳，剖检死亡猪在结肠壁上见到大量结节，肠腔内检获长为8,11mm的线状虫体。 166(可能发生的寄生虫病是 A、蛔虫病 B、肾虫病 C、旋毛虫病 D、后圆线虫病 E、食道口线虫病 167(治疗该病可选用的药物是 A、三氮脒 B、吡喹酮 C、左旋咪唑 D、地克珠利 E、拉沙里菌素 (168,170题共用题干) 某猪场的一批5月龄育肥猪，体温和食欲正常，但生长缓慢，个体大小不一;经常出现咳嗽、气喘等症状。剖检见肺部尖叶、心叶、膈叶前缘呈双侧对称性肉变，其他器官未见异常。 168(该病最可能的病原是 A、巴氏杆菌 B、布鲁氏菌 C、猪链球菌 D、肺炎支原体 E、副猪嗜血杆菌 169(诊断隐性感染猪的快速方法是 A、X线检查 B、PCR检查 C、病原分离 D、白细胞计数 E、免疫荧光检查 170(预防该病不宜采用的措施是 A、全进全出 B、接种疫苗 C、降低饲养密度 D、早期隔离断奶技术 E、饲料中添加氨苄西林 (药物过敏) (171,173题共用题干) 猪，30日龄发病，表现结膜潮红、呼吸增快，体温39?，食欲不振、喜饮，起卧不安，频频作排粪动作，粪便干硬带有少量血丝。 171(该病可能是 A、胃炎 B、肠炎 C、肠便秘 D、肠扭转 E、肠套叠 172(治疗该病的药物是 A、阿托品 B、活性炭 C、硫酸镁 D、庆大霉素 E、次硝酸铋 173(预防该病的有效措施是 A、限制运动 B、充分饮水,, C、限制饮水 D、增加干饲料 E、增加精饲料 (174,176题共用题干) 夏季，某牛场四分之一的牛单眼或双眼羞明、流泪、眼睑痉挛，眼分泌物增多;角膜周边 24 可见新生血管，角膜浑浊，严重者出现角膜溃疡。体温40.5,41.5?，精神沉郁，食欲不振。 174(确诊该病最好采用 A、检眼镜检查 B、角膜成像检查 C、微生物学检查 D、阿托品散瞳检查 E、荧光素点眼试验 175(该病的病原最可能是 A、衣原体 B、莫拉菌 C、链球菌 D、巴氏杆菌 E、大肠杆菌 176(该病的主要传播媒介是 A、蚊 B、螨 C、蜱 D、家蝇 E、库蠓 【该牛可能患有的疾病是牛传染性角膜结膜炎】 (177,179题共用题干) 奶牛产后65天内未见明显的发情表现，直肠检查卵巢上有一小的黄体遗迹，但无卵泡发育，卵巢的质地和形状无明显变化。 177(该牛可能患有的疾病是 A、卵泡萎缩 B、卵巢萎缩 C、持久黄体 D、卵巢机能减退 E、卵巢发育不良 178(治疗该病最适宜药物是 A、黄体酮 B、丙酸睾酮 C、地塞米松 D、前列腺素 E、促卵泡素(FSH) 179(与该病无关的病因是 A、子宫疾病 B、急性乳房炎 C、气候不适应 D、饲养管理不当 E、维生素A缺乏 (180,181题共用题干) 一牛发病，证见精神沉郁，食欲减少，口渴多饮，泻粪黏腻腥臭，尿短赤，轻微腹痛，口色红，舌苔黄厚，脉象沉数。 180(该病证可辨证为 A、热泻 B、寒泻 C、伤食泻 D、脾虚泻 E、肾虚泻 181(该病证的治法为 A、温中止泻 B、清热止泻 C、消食止泻 D、健脾止泻 E、补肾止泻 (182,184题共用题干) 一群成年番鸭突然发病，病死率在60%以上，临床表现主要为体温升高、两腿麻痹、排绿色稀粪。 剖检见食道黏膜出血、水肿和坏死，并有灰黄色伪膜覆盖或溃疡;泄殖腔黏膜出血;肝有坏死点。 182(该群鸭发生的疾病可能是 A、鸭瘟 B、禽流感 C、鸭病毒性肝炎 D、番鸭细小病毒病 E、鸭疫里默氏杆菌病 183(首选的确诊方法是 A、细菌分离 B、病毒分离 C、易感动物接种 D、病理组织学检查 E、ELISA抗体检测 184(对该群鸭首先应采取的措施是 A、鸭群消毒 B、抗生素治疗 C、加强饲养管理 D、疫苗紧急接种 E、扑杀与无害化处理 (185,186题共用题干) 25 某养鸡场散养的1000只肉仔鸡，30日龄起大批鸡精神萎顿，食欲减退，双翅下垂，羽毛逆立，下痢至排大量血便，1周内死亡率达30%以上。 185(该鸡群最可能的诊断是 A、鸡蛔虫病 B、鸡球虫病 C、组织滴虫病 D、隐孢子虫病 E、大肠杆菌病 186(病死鸡剖检病变主要发生在 A、肝脏 B、腺胃 C、肌胃 D、盲肠 E、直肠 (187,189题共用题干) 北京犬，已免疫，发病2天，精神沉郁，食欲不振，粪臭、色淡。眼结膜黄染，肝浊音区扩大，触诊疼痛。腹部X线检查显示肝区明显超出最后肋。 187(血液检查首选 A、血常规检查 B、肾功能检查 C、肝功能检查 D、心肌损害指标 E、胰脏损害指标 188(血液生化检查，无诊断意义的指标是 A、肌酐 B、总蛋白 C、胆红素 D、胆汁酸 E、胆固醇 189(血清酶检查，无诊断意义的指标是 A、肌酸激酶 B、碱性磷酸酶 C、γ-谷氨酰转移酶 D、丙氨酸氨基转移酶 E、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶 (190,191题共用题干) 德国牧羊犬，雄性，触诊肾区有避让反应，少尿。尿液检查:蛋白质阳性，比重降低。B超检查显示双肾肿大。 190(该犬所患疾病可能是 A、急性肾炎 B、肾性骨病 C、急性肾衰竭 D、慢性肾衰竭 E、泌尿道感染 191(首选的检验项目是 A、尿常规 B、血常规 C、电解质 D、血气分析 E、血清尿素 (192,194题共用题干) 母犬，脐部出现局限性肿胀近6个月，触诊该肿胀柔软，饱食和挣扎时肿胀增大，压迫肿胀可缩小， 皮肤无红、热、痛等炎性反应。 192(该病最可能的诊断是 A、痈 B、肿瘤 C、脓肿 D、脐疝 E、蜂窝织炎 193(手术治疗，合理的手术切口形状为 A、“T”型 B、直线型 C、三角形 D、十字型 E、梭(菱)形 194(闭合腹壁创口最适宜的缝合方法是 A、分层结节缝合 B、分层连续缝合 C、全层连续缝合 D、全层结节缝合 E、皮肤结节缝合 (195,197题共用题干) 春季，一3月龄幼犬，突然出现咳嗽，证见发热，咳嗽声高，鼻流黏涕，呼出气热，舌苔薄黄，口红津少，脉浮数。 195(该犬的咳嗽可辨证为 A、风寒咳嗽 B、风热咳嗽 C、气虚咳嗽 D、肺热咳嗽 E、阴虚咳嗽 26 196(引起该犬咳嗽的病因是 A、运动过度 B、饥饱不均 C、痰浊内生 D、虚火伤肺 E、外感风热 197(治疗该病应选用 A、麻黄汤 B、银翘散 C、清肺散 D、四君子汤 E、百合固金汤 (198,200题共用题干) 马，证见发热，肠燥便秘，腹痛，尿短赤，口津干燥，口色深红，舌苔黄厚，脉沉实有力。 198(该病证可辨证为 A、邪热犯肺 B、热入心包 C、热结肠道 D、肝胆湿热 E、膀胱湿热 199(该病证的治法为 A、清肺化痰 B、清心开窍 C、通便泄热 D、清肝利胆 E、清热利湿 200(该病证最适宜的基础方剂是 A、八正散 B、清宫汤 C、茵陈蒿汤 D、增液承气汤 E、麻杏石甘汤 27 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen 28 party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations 29 repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth 30 Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political 31 Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision 32 of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and 33 to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on 34 a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a 35 total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > 36 real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years 37 implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, 38 exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should 39 be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective 40 convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts 41 of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application 42 of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation 43 made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give 44 expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental 45 organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post 46 processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in 47 the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in 48 the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management 49 of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, 50 around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one 51 size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are 52 relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < 53 new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform 54 comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation 55 of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 56 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily 57 blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres 58 should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection 59 with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace 60 with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of 61 the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline 62 must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be 63 held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations. 64