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园林专业的英语词汇

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园林专业的英语词汇园林专业的英语词汇 常用的景观英文 1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行 & 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 2.次入口/岗亭(车行 & 人行) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. 4.水景WATER FEATURE 5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE 6....

园林专业的英语词汇
园林专业的英语词汇 常用的景观英文 1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行 & 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 2.次入口/岗亭(车行 & 人行) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. 4.水景WATER FEATURE 5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE 6.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-1 7.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING) 8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN 9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA 10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE 11.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2 12.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE 13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE 14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE 15.休憩台地(低处) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER ) 16.休憩台地(高处) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER ) 17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE 18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD 19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND 20.旱冰道SLIDE 21.羽毛球场BADMINTON COURT 22.旱景DRY LANDSCAPE 23.日艺园JAPANESE GARDEN 24.旱喷泉DRY FOUNTAIN 25.观景台VIEWING DECK 26.游泳池SWIMMING POOL 27.极可意JACUZZI 28.嬉水池WADING POOL 29.儿童泳池CHILDREN'S POOL 30.蜿蜒水墙WINDING WALL 31.石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURE 32.中心广场CENTRAL PLAZA 33.健身广场EXERCISE PLAZA 34.桥BRIDGE 35.交流广场MEDITATING PLAZA 36.趣味树阵TREE BATTLE FORMATION 37.停车场PARING AREA 38.特色花架TRELLIS 39.雕塑小道SCULPTURE TRAIL 40.(高尔夫)轻击区PUTTING GREEN 41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE 42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT 43.篮球场BASKETBALL COURT 44.网球场TENNIS COURT 45.阶梯***/种植槽TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER 46.广场MAIN PLAZA 47.森林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL 48.石景园ROCKERY GARDEN 49.旱溪DRY STREAM 50.凉亭PAVILION 51.户外淋浴OUTDOOR SHOWER 52.拉膜结构TENSILE STRUCTURE 53.台阶STAIR 54.高尔夫球车停车场PARKING ( GOLF CAR ) 55.健身站EXERCISE STATION 56.晨跑小路JOGGING FOOTPATH 57.车道/人行道DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK 58.人行漫步道PROMENADE 59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) WATER FALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA ) 60.特色入口 ENTRY FEATURE 61.石景广场 ROCKERY PLAZA 园林景观专业英语词汇 规划 planning 草图 sketch;rough map 平面 plan 剖面 section 立面 elevation 透视 perspective 示意图 diagram 容积率 coverage 城市设计 urban design; civic design 区域规划 regional planning 步行轴 ped axis 总体规划 general planning; master planning 分区规划 district planning 近期建设规划 immediate plan 城市详细规划 detailed planning 控制性详细规划 control detailed planning 修建性详细规划 site plan 居住区规划 residential district planning 城市化 urbanization 城市生态 urban ecology 可持续发展 sustainable development 历史文化名城保护规划 Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities 旧城改建 urban redevelopment 开发区 development area 城市化水平 urbanization level 城市群 agglomeration 城镇体系 urban system 卫星城 satellite town 城市基础设施 urban infrastructure 居民点 settlement 市 municipality; city 生态基础设施 ecological infrastructure 牧场 pasture 市域 administrative region of a city 商业区 commercial district 行政中心 administration center 商业街 commercial street 科技园 technological region 校园规划 campus planning 城市中心区 urban center district 居住单元 flat 历史地段 history district 民政区域 civil district 水警区 waters guard district 居住区规划 residential district planning 护林区 ranger district 工业区 industrial district 林木种子公园 tree seed orchard 快速公路 thruway 城市美学 urban esthetics 游憩空间 esplanade 系统工程 systems engineering 城市更新理论 urban renewal theory 绿地/绿化带 greenbelt 绿化覆盖率 percentage of greenery coverage 绿地率 ratio of green space 工厂绿化 landscaping within factory 广场绿化 landscaping of square 居住区绿化 landscaping of residential area 谷底植栽场 improved vegetation & wild life 公共建筑绿化 landscaping around public building 室内绿化 indoor garden 城市绿化 urban virescence 城市绿化系统 urban green space system 公共绿地 public green space 专用绿地 specified green space 防护绿地 green buffer 建筑空间 architecture 剧院 show place; theater 茶楼(馆) caff;tea shop 专卖店 monopolistic shop 博物馆 museum 电影院 cinema;movie house 商场 emporium; shopping mall 体育馆 palaestra 青少年宫 callan house; children’s palace 图书馆 library 棋牌室 relaxation room 健身房 gymnasium 书店 book store 客厅 parlor 阳台 balcony 浴室 bathroom 橱柜 cabinet 合院式建筑 courtyard building 餐厅 dining-room; dining hall 入口 entrance 厨房 kitchen 屋顶 roof 小孩房 kid room 儿童游乐室/玩具室 dollhouse 起居室 living room 门廊 porch 更衣室 change room 休息室 pavilion 私家花园 private garden 居民 resident 共享地带 shared zone 工人房 servants hall 比例 scale 元素 element 会议中心 conference center 园林景观 view of the garden 乔木 arbor 灌木 shrub 铺石 band stone 地下车库 car park bellow 曲线形铺地 curved paving bands 庭园 cartilage; Garth 标志牌 (sign) courtyard identification sign 庭院 courtyard 瀑布 fall 步道 footpath 园桥 garden bridge 园林 garden and park 草本植物 herbage 藤本植物 liane 蔓本植物 liana 砌石 natural cut stone 铺地 pave 亭,阁 pavilion 榭 pavilion on terrace 植被 planting 花坛 planting beds 大广场 plaza 台 platform 栈道 deck promenade 灯柱 pole lights 小水池 pool 雕塑 sculpture 小广场 small square 小水景 small water feature 林荫树 shade trees 楼 storied building 小溪流 stream 行道树 street trees 踏石 stepping stone 踏步 terrace steps 木制平台 timber deck 草坪 turf;grass 园廊 veranda 空地 void 水景 waterscape 园墙 wall in garden 滨水地区 waterfront 茶亭 tea house 木亭 log cabin 遮阳亭 shade structure 水岸 edge 湾 bay 渡口 ferry 挡土墙 retaining wall 人行道 pavement 卵石 pebble 半岛 peninsula 常用造价英语词汇 估算/费用估算:estimate/cost estimate; 估算类型:types of estimate; 详细估算:是偏差幅度最小的估算,defined estimate; 设备估算:equipment estimate; 分析估算:analysis estimate; 报价估算:roposal estimate; 控制估算:control estimate; 初期控制估算:interim control estimate/initial control estimate 批准的控制估算:initial approved cost 核定估算:check estimate 首次核定估算:first check estimate 二次核定估算:production check estimate 人工时估算:man hour estimate 材料费用/直接材料费用:material cost/direct material cost 设备费用/设备购买费用:equipment cost/purchased cost of equipment 散装材料费用/散装材料购买费用:bulk material cost/purchased cost of bulk material 施工费用:construction cost 施工人工费用:labor cost/construction force cost 设备安装人工费用:labor cost associated with equipment 散装材料施工安装人工费用:labor cost associated with bulk materials 人工时估算定额:standard manhours 施工人工时估算定额:standard labor manhours 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 工时定额:standard hours 劳动生产率:labor productivity/productivity factor/productivity ratio 修正的人工时估算值:adjusted manhours 人工时单价:manhours rate 施工监督费用:cost of construction supervision 施工间接费用:cost of contruction indirects 分包 合同 劳动合同范本免费下载装修合同范本免费下载租赁合同免费下载房屋买卖合同下载劳务合同范本下载 费用/现场施工分包合同费用:subcontract cost/field subcontract cost 公司本部费用:home office cost 公司管理费用:overhead 非工资费用:non payroll 开车服务费用:cost of start-up services 其他费用:other cost 利润/预期利润:profit/expected profit 服务酬金:service gains 风险:risk 风险分析:risk analysis 风险备忘录:risk memorandum 未可预见费:contingency 基本未可预见费:average contingency 最大风险未可预见费:maximum risk contingency 用户变更/合同变更:cilent change/contract change 认可的用户变更:approved client change 待定的用户变更:pending client change 项目变更:project change 内部变更:internalchange 批准的变更:authoried change 强制性变更:mandatory change 选择性变更:optional change 内部费用转换:internal transfer 认可的预计费用:anticipated approved cost 涨价值:escalation 项目费用汇总报告:project cost summary report 项目实施费用状态报告:project operation cost status report 总价合同:lump sum contract 偿付合同:reimbursible contract 预算:budget 1 园林学landscape architecture, garden architecture 2 造园学garden making, landscape gardening 3 环境园艺学environmental horticulture 4 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture 2.0005 园林艺术garden art 2.0006 园林美学garden aesthetics 2.0007 园林建筑学garden architecture 2.0008 园林建筑garden building 2.0009 园林工程garden engineering 2.0010 园林植物landscape plant 2.0011 观赏植物ornamental plant 2.0012 盆景miniature landscape, penjing 2.0013 园林garden and park 2.0014 园林学史history of garden architecture 2.0015 园林规划garden planning, landscaping planning 2.0016 园林设计garden design 2.0017 园林机具设备gardening machine 2.0018 园林管理garden management 2.0019 园林生态landscape ecology 2.0020 绿化greening, planting 2.0021 环境绿化environmental greening 2.0022 绿地面积green area 2.0023 绿地率ratio of green space 2.0024 城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage 2.0025 工厂绿化factory greening, factory garden-ing 2.0026 街道绿化street greening, street planting 2.0027 车行道绿化driveway greening 2.0028 分车带绿化dividing stripe greening 2.0029 人行道绿化sidewalk greening 2.0030 群众绿化mass planting movement 2.0031 郊区绿化suburban greening 2.0032 公路绿化highway greening 2.0033 铁路绿化railway greening, railway planting 2.0034 堤岸种植bank planting 2.0035 阳台绿化balcony greening 2.0036 窗台绿化window-sill greening 2.0037 屋顶绿化roof greening 2.0038 垂直绿化vertical greening 2.0039 攀缘绿化climber greening 2.0040 桥头绿化bridgehead greening 2.0041 花园garden 2.0042 专类花园specified flower garden 2.0043 花园村garden village 2.0044 园林城市landscape garden city 2.0045 蔷薇园rose garden 2.0046 松柏园conifer garden 2.0047 球根园bulb garden 2.0048 宿根园perennial garden 2.0049 假山园rock garden, Chinese rockery 2.0050 狩猎场hunting ground 2.0051 街心花园street crossing center garden 2.0052 小游园petty street garden 2.0053 水景园water garden 2.0054 铺地园paved garden 2.0055 野趣园wild plants botanical garden 2.0056 野生植物园wild plants garden 2.0057 乡趣园rustic garden 2.0058 盆景园penjing garden, miniature landscape 2.0059 动物园 zoo, zoological garden 60 墓园cemetery garden 61 沼泽园bog and marsh garden 62 水生植物园aquatic plants garden 63 学校园school garden 64 室内花园indoor garden 65 芳香花园fragrant garden 66 盲人花园garden for the blind 67 公园park, public park 68 城市公园city park, urban park 69 区公园regional park 70 儿童公园children park 71 体育公园sports park 72 森林公园forest park 2.0073 纪念公园memorial park 2.0074 烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park 2.0075 综合公园comprehensive park 2.0076 文化公园cultural park 2.0077 文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park 2.0078 中央公园central park 2.0079 天然公园natural park 2.0080 海滨公园seaside park, seabeach park 2.0081 古迹公园historic site park 2.0082 河滨公园riverside park 2.0083 湖滨公园lakeside park 2.0084 路边公园roadside park, street park 2.0085 娱乐公园amusement park 2.0086 雕塑公园sculpture park 2.0087 休憩公园recreation park 2.0088 疗养公园sanatorium park 2.0089 国家公园national park 2.0090 邻里公园neighborhood park 2.0091 特种公园special park 2.0092 植物园botanical garden 2.0093 植物公园 abeled plants park 2.0094 高山植物园 alpine garden 2.0095 热带植物园 tropical plants garden 2.0096 药用植物园 medical plants garden, herb garden 2.0097 绿地 green space 2.0098 公共绿地public green space 2.0099 单位绿地unit green area 2.0100 城市绿地urban green space 2.0101 街道广场绿地street and square green area 2.0102 居住区绿地residential quarter green area 2.0103 防护绿地green area for environmental protection 2.0104 郊区绿地suburban green space 2.0105 街坊绿地residential block green belt 2.0106 附属绿地attached green space 2.0107 生产绿地productive plantation area 2.0108 苗圃nursery 2.0109 风景landscape, scenery 2.0110 自然景观natural landscape 2.0111 人文景观human landscape, scenery of humanities 2.0112 草原景观prairie landscape 2.0113 山岳景观mountain landscape, alpine landscape 2.0114 地理景观geographical landscape 2.0115 湖泊景观lake view 2.0116 郊区景观suburban landscape 2.0117 地质景观geological landscape 2.0118 喀斯特景观karst landscape 2.0119 植物景观plants landscape, flora landscape 中国园林史 2.0120 中国古典园林classical Chinese garden 2.0121 中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden 2.0122 中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden 2.0123 中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden 2.0124 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden 2.0125 皇家园林royal garden 2.0126 私家园林private garden 2.0127 江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta 02.2.2 西方园林史 2.0128 西方古典园林western classical garden 2.0129 英国式园林English style garden 2.0130 中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden 2.0131 意大利式园林Italian style garden 2.0132 西班牙式园林Spanish style garden 2.0133 法兰西式园林French style garden 2.0134 勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre’s style garden 2.0135 文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style villa 2.0136 洛可可式园林Rococo style garden 2.0137 巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden 2.0138 庄园manor, villa garden 2.0139 廊柱园peristyle garden, patio 2.0140 绿廊xystus 2.0141 迷阵maze, labyrinth 02.2.3 典型中西园林 2.0142 灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden 2.0143 灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden 2.0144 灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden 2.0145 阿房宫E-Pang Palace 2.0146 上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan 2.0147 未央宫Wei-Yang Palace 2.0148 洛阳宫Luoyang Palace 2.0149 华清官Hua-Qing Palace 2.0150 艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden 2.0151 圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden 2.0152 颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace 2.0153 承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort 2.0154 苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden 2.0155 悬园Hanging Garden 2.0156 英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 2.0157 凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park 2.0158 枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace Garden 园林艺术 2.0159 景view, scenery, feature 2.0160 远景distant view 2.0161 近景nearby view 2.0162 障景obstructive scenery, blocking view 2.0163 借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing 2.0164 对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place 2.0165 缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery 2.0166 漏景leaking through scenery 2.0167 框景enframed scenery 2.0168 尾景terminal feature 2.0169 主景main feature 2.0170 副景secondary feature 2.0171 配景objective view 2.0172 夹景vista line, vista 2.0173 前景front view 2.0174 背景background 2.0175 景序order of sceneries 2.0176 景点feature spot, view spot 2.0177 仰视景观upward landscape 2.0178 俯视景观downward landscape 2.0179 季相景观seasonal phenomena 2.0180 气象景观meteorological diversity scenery 2.0181 视野visual field 2.0182 秋色fall color, autumn color 2.0183 园林空间garden space 2.0184 开敞空间wide open space, wide space 2.0185 封闭空间enclosure space 2.0186 意境 artistic conception, poetic imagery 2.0187 苍古antiquity 2.0188 空灵spaciousness, airiness 2.0189 动观in-motion viewing 2.0190 静观 in-position viewing 2.0191 视错觉visual illusion 2.0192 园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden 2.0193 对称平衡symmetrical balance 2.0194 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance 2.0195 左右对称bilateral symmetry 2.0196 辐射对称radial symmetry 2.0197 透景线perspective line 2.0198 轴线axis, axial line 2.0199 主轴main axis 2.0200 副轴auxiliary axis 2.0201 暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis 2.0202 树冠线skyline 2.0203 园林色彩艺术art of garden colors 2.0204 单色谐调monochromatic harmony 2.0205 复色谐调compound chromatic harmony 2.0206 对比色突出contrast colors accent 2.0207 近似色谐调approximate colors harmony 2.0208 暖色warm color 2.0209 冷色cool color 2.0210 色感color sense 2.0211 城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning 2.0212 绿地系统green space system 2.0213 公共绿地定额public green space quota 2.0214 公共绿地指标public green space norm 2.0215 绿地布局green space layout 2.0216 吸引圈attractive circle 2.0217 吸引距离attractive distance 2.0218 有效半径effective radius 2.0219 绿地资源green space resource 2.0220 绿地效果green space effect 2.0221 绿地规划程序planning procedure of the green space 2.0222 空间规划space planning 2.0223 形象规划image plan 2.0224 实施规划implementary plan 2.0225 必要生活空间necessary living space 2.0226 余暇生活空间leisure time living space 2.0227 利用频度usage frequency 2.0228 树种规划planning of trees and shrubs 2.0229 绿地类型type of green space 2.0230 环状绿型annular green space 2.0231 块状绿地green plot 2.0232 点状绿地green spot 2.0233 放射状绿地radiate green space 2.0234 楔状绿地wedge-shaped green space 2.0235 缓冲绿地buffer green space 2.0236 防音绿地noise proof green space 2.0237 科学景观论scientific landscape theory 2.0238 园林保留地reserve garden 2.0239 公园规划park planning 2.0240 园林总体规划garden master planning 2.0241 总平面规划site planning 2.0242 园林分区garden zoning 2.0243 安静休息区tranquil rest area 2.0244 儿童活动区children playing space 2.0245 儿童游戏场children playground, playlot 2.0246 体育运动区sports activities area 2.0247 野餐区picnic place 2.0248 散步区pedestrian space 2.0249 群众集会区mass meeting square 2.0250 观赏植物区ornamental plants area 2.0251 观赏温室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area 2.0252 草坪区lawn space 2.0253 绿荫区shade tree section 2.0254 历史古迹区historical relics area 2.0255 青少年活动区youngsters activities area 2.0256 诱鸟区bird sanctuary area 2.0257 钓鱼区fishing center 2.0258 野营区camp site 2.0259 游人中心visitors center 2.0260 服务中心service center 2.0261 探险游乐场adventure ground 2.0262 文化活动区cultural activities area 2.0263 道路系统approach system, road system 2.0264 环形道路系统circular road system 2.0265 方格形道路系统latticed road system 2.0266 放射形道路系统radiate road system 2.0267 自然式道路系统informal road system 2.0268 规整式道路系统formal road system 2.0269 混合式道路系统mixed style road system 2.0270 园林规划图garden planning map 2.0271 园林规划说明书garden planning direction 2.0272 城市公园系统urban park system 2.0273 公园分布distribution of parks 2.0274 公园类型park type, park category 2.0275 公园间距distance between parks 2.0276 公园形式park styles 2.0277 游览区excursion area, open-to-public area 2.0278 非游览区no-admittance area 2.0279 办公区administrative area 2.0280 服务区service center 2.0281 动休息区dynamic rest space 2.0282 静休息区static rest space 2.0283 娱乐演出区entertaining performance place 2.0284 主要入口main entrance 2.0285 次要入口secondary entrance 2.0286 人流量visitors flowrate 2.0287 车流量vehicle flowrate 2.0288 公园道路park road 2.0289 公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio 2.0290 游人容纳量visitors capacity 2.0291 风景资源调查landscape resource evaluation 2.0292 风景学scenicology 2.0293 风景规划landscape plan 2.0294 风景设计landscape design 2.0295 游览路线touring route 2.0296 旅游资源tourism resource 2.0297 旅游地理tourism geography 2.0298 旅游地质tourism geology 2.0299 历史名城famous historical city 2.0300 文化名城famous cultural city 2.0301 文化遗址ancient cultural relic 2.0302 天然博物馆natural open museum 2.0303 风景地貌natural geomorphology 2.0304 造型地貌imaginative geomorphologic figuration 2.0305 风景区scenic spot, scenic area 2.0306 风景名胜famous scenery, famous scenic site 2.0307 特异景观风景区specific natural scenes area 2.0308 民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs 2.0309 高山风景区alpine scenic spot 2.0310 海滨风景区seabeach scenic spot 2.0311 森林风景区forest scenic spot 2.0312 高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot 2.0313 峡谷风景区valley scenic spot 2.0314 江河风景区river landscape district 2.0315 湖泊风景区lake round scenic spot 2.0316 温泉风景区hot spring scenic spot 2.0317 瀑布风景区waterfall scenic spot 2.0318 禁伐禁猎区region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting 2.0319 封山育林区region closed for afforestation 2.0320 天池风景区crater lake scenic spot 2.0321 自然保护区nature protection area 2.0322 科学保护区protection area for scientific research 2.0323 天然纪念物natural monument 2.0324 生物圈保护区biosphere protection area 园林设计 2.0325 园林设计师landscape architect, garden designer 2.0326 园址测量图garden site survey map 2.0327 地形图topographic map, contour map 2.0328 种植设计planting design 2.0329 地形改造设计topographical reform design 2.0330 种植大样图detail planting design 2.0331 造价分析cost analysis 2.0332 园林形式garden style 2.0333 规整式园林formal garden style 2.0334 非规整园林informal garden style 2.0335 几何式园林geometric garden style 2.0336 自然式园林natural garden style 2.0337 混合式园林mixed garden style 2.0338 近代巴洛克式园林modern Baroque style 2.0339 马克斯抽象园林R.B. Marx abstract garden 2.0340 园林区划garden area division 2.0341 园林分区规划garden block planning 2.0342 庭院花园courtyard garden 2.0343 前庭front yard, forecourt 2.0344 后庭back yard, rear yard 2.0345 中庭patio 2.0346 厨园kitchen yard 2.0347 沉[床]园sunken garden 2.0348 窗园window garden 2.0349 墙园wall garden 2.0350 宅园home garden 2.0351 台地园terrace garden 2.0352 冬园winter garden 2.0353 切花园cut flower garden 2.0354 屋顶花园roof garden 2.0355 后花园back yard garden 2.0356 园林地形改造topographical reform of garden 2.0357 土山earth piled hill, artificial mound 2.0358 假山rockery, artificial rockwork 2.0359 太湖石Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone 2.0360 黄石yellowish brown stone 2.0361 人造假山石artificial stone, man-made stone 2.0362 孤赏石monolith, standing stone 2.0363 掇山piled stone hill, hill making 2.0364 叠石stones laying 2.0365 板石flag stone 2.0366 散点石scattered stone 2.0367 抱角石corner stone 2.0368 屋基石foundation stone 2.0369 排衙石guard stone 2.0370 屏石screen stone 2.0371 石岸rock bank 2.0372 石阶stone steps 2.0373 汀步stepping stone on water surface 2.0374 附壁石stone appended to wall 2.0375 石花台stone flower bed 2.0376 石凳stone bench 2.0377 假山石挡土墙rock retaining wall 2.0378 干砌石dry stone wall 2.0379 假山石楼梯rock stairway 2.0380 石亭stone pavilion 2.0381 石洞stone cavern 2.0382 石窟grotto 2.0383 置石stone arrangement, stone layout 2.0384 拱石arch stone 2.0385 拱顶石key stone 2.0386 园林水景water scenes of garden 2.0387 水体water body 2.0388 水面water surface 2.0389 水池pool 2.0390 水塘pond 2.0391 喷泉fountain 2.0392 喷水池fountain pool 2.0393 涉水池wading pool 2.0394 倒影池mirror pool, reflecting pool 2.0395 睡莲池water-lily pool 2.0396 喷水管布置piping schema 2.0397 钓鱼塘fishing pond 2.0398 高水位池塘high water table pond 2.0399 池边坐人矮墙seat wall surrounded pool 2.0400 隐头喷泉secret fountain 2.0401 岛园island garden 2.0402 半岛园peninsula garden 2.0403 小岛isle 2.0404 瀑布waterfall 2.0405 小瀑布cascade 2.0406 湖lake 2.0407 矶rock projecting over water 2.0408 水帘洞water curtain cave 2.0409 园桥garden bridge 2.0410 拱桥arch bridge 2.0411 石板桥stone slab bridge 2.0412 木板桥plank bridge 2.0413 圆木桥log bridge 2.0414 亭桥pavilion bridge 2.0415 曲桥zigzag bridge 2.0416 壁泉wall fountain 2.0417 饮水喷头drinking fountain 2.0418 植物配植plant arrangement 2.0419 树木配植arrangement of trees and shrubs 2.0420 群植group planting, mass planting 2.0421 孤植specimen planting, isolated planting 2.0422 丛植clump planting 2.0423 组植group planting 2.0424 林植forest planting 2.0425 列植linear planting 2.0426 对植opposite planting, coupled planting 2.0427 环植circular planting 2.0428 带植belt planting 2.0429 散植scattered planting, loose planting 2.0430 边缘种植edge planting 2.0431 边界种植boundary planting 2.0432 整形种植architectural planting 2.0433 基础种植foundation planting 2.0434 角隅种植corner planting 2.0435 景框种植planting as enframent 2.0436 门卫种植guard planting 2.0437 篱恒种植fence planting 2.0438 障景种植screen planting 2.0439 背景种植background planting 2.0440 林下种植underwood planting 2.0441 路边种植roadside planting 2.0442 绿篱hedge 2.0443 树墙espalier 2.0444 庭荫树shade tree 2.0445 园景树specimen tree 2.0446 风景林amenity forest, ornamental forest 2.0447 行道树avenue tree, street tree 2.0448 纪念林memorial forest 2.0449 整型树topiary tree 2.0450 花篱flower hedge’ 2.0451 刺篱thorny plants hedge 2.0452 常绿绿篱evergreen hedge 2.0453 落叶绿篱deciduous hedge 2.0454 高篱high hedge 2.0455 沟中边篱hah-hah fence 2.0456 图案矮篱pattern dwarf hedge 2.0457 迷宫绿篱labyrinth hedge 2.0458 整剪绿篱clipped hedge 2.0459 自然式花篱natural flowering hedge 2.0460 边篱boundary fence 2.0461 园篱garden fence, garden hedge 2.0462 纯林pure forest 2.0463 混交林 mixed forest 2.0464 林间隙地 open space in woodland 2.0465 杂木林 spinney 2.0466 树冠覆盖面 tree canopy 2.0467 草坪 lawn 2.0468 整形草坪 formal lawn 2.0469 开花草坪 flowering lawn 2.0470 牧场草坪 meadowy land 2.0471 花坛 flower bed 2.0472 路边花坛 roadside flower bed 2.0473 带状花坛 ribbon flower bed 2.0474 时钟花坛 flower clock 2.0475 盆栽花坛 potted flower bed, basined flower bed 2.0476 高设花台raised flower bed 2.0477 毛毡花坛 carpet bed 2.0478 镶嵌花坛 mosaic bed 2.0479 铺石花坛 paved bed 2.0480 灌木花坛 shrub bed 2.0481 图案花坛群 parterre 2.0482 草药花坛 herbaceous flower bed 2.0483 花结花坛 knot bed 2.0484 整形花坛 formal flower bed 2.0485 花境 flower border 2.0486 花桶flower tub 2.0487 植树箱planting box 2.0488 活动花坛movable flower bed 2.0489 瓶饰garden vase 2.0490 灌木花境shrub border 2.0491 混合花境mixed border 2.0492 园林道路设计garden road design, garden path design 2.0493 漫步路trail, footway 2.0494 小径alley, path 2.0495 川草坪岛lawn island 2.0496 安全岛traffic island, refuge island 2.0497 转弯曲度turning curvature 2.0498 转弯半径turning radius 2.0499 踏面landing pitch 2.0500 步石stepping stone 2.0501 涉水踏步wading step 2.0502 错铺路crazy paving path 2.0503 随意组合方石板路flag stone path paved at random 2.0504 花纹路pattern path 2.0505 林荫路mall 2.0506 林荫大道boulevard 2.0507 花园路parkway 2.0508 林间小道path in woodland 2.0509 种植池planting bed 2.0510 树池保护格栅tree grate 2.0511 树干保护套栏tree guard 2.0512 树池坐凳矮墙seatwall-surrounded planting 2.0513 路面线纹score line 2.0514 传统园林建筑 traditional garden building 2.0515 凉亭 summer shelter 2.0516 活树亭 arbor, tent arbor 2.0517 蘑菇亭 mushroom pavilion 2.0518 茅亭 thatched pavilion 2.0519 竹亭 bamboo pavilion 2.0520 茶亭 tea booth, tea kiosk 2.0521 回廊 cloister 2.0522 水廊 corridor on water 2.0523 曲廊 zigzag veranda 2.0524 扒山廊 sloping gallery 2.0525 楼廊 two-storied gallery 2.0526 画舫 painted pleasure boat 2.0527 石舫 stone boat 2.0528 不击舟 immovable pleasure boat 2.0529 诗条石 poem-engraved stone slab 2.0530 月洞门 moon gate 2.0531 扶手栏杆 handrail 2.0532 坐凳栏杆 seat rail 2.0533 石碑 stone tablet, stele 2.0534 园林露天剧场 open garden theater 2.0535 园林露天舞池 open garden dancing place 2.0536 露天音乐台 outdoor music stand 2.0537 眺望台 prospect deck 2.0538 繁殖温室 plant propagation greenhouse 2.0539 展览温室 public conservatory 2.0540 月池 new-moon pool 2.0541 园林小品 small garden ornaments 2.0542 磁砖壁画 painted tile mural tablet 2.0543 园椅 garden chair, garden seat 2.0544 园凳 garden bench 2.0545 园桌 garden table 2.0546 园灯 garden lamp 2.0547 日规 sundial 2.0548 鸟浴 bird bath 2.0549 鸟舍 bird cottage, nestle box 2.0550 鸟笼 bird cage, bird coop 2.0551 悬篮 hanging basket 2.0552 野鸟喂食器 bird feeder 2.0553 额匾 horizontal inscribed board 2.0554 楹联 couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar 2.0555 引露天烤炉 open barbecue 2.0556 树棚 living-tree pergola 2.0557 花架 pergola 2.0558 花格架 trellis, treillage 2.0559 点景牌楼 naming pailou, decorated archway 2.0560 园林施工 garden layout, garden construction 2.0561 种植工程 planting engineering 2.0562 大树移植 big tree transplanting 2.0563 裸根移植 bare root transplanting 2.0564 土球移植 ball transplanting 2.0565 沟植 trench planting 2.0566 假植 heeling in, temporary planting 2.0567 播种草坪 seeding lawn 2.0568 铺草皮块草坪 sodding lawn 2.0569 假山工程 rockery engineering 2.0570 掇山五法 five methods" of rock piling 2.0571 等分平衡法 method of making the rock equa-tional and balanced 2.0572 前轻后重法 method of making the front part of rock lighter than the back part 2.0573 上轻下重法 method of lowering the center of gravity of rocks 2.0574 纹理统一法 method of unifying the rock veins 2.0575 石料统一法 method of unifying the rock mate-rials 2.0576 观赏树木 ornamental tree and shrub 2.0577 观叶植物 foliage plant 2.0578 观果植物 fruit-effect plant 2.0579 观枝干植物 plants with ornamental trunks and branches 2.0580 指示植物 indicating plant 2.0581 主景植物 accent plant 2.0582 耐湿植物 damp tolerant plant 2.0583 抗风植物 wind-resistant plant 2.0584 耐盐碱植物 saline-alkali tolerant plan t2.0585 市花 city flower 2.0586 市树 city tree 2.0587 国花 national flower 2.0588 国树 national tree 2.0589 芳香植物 fragrant plant 2.0590 抗污染植物 pollution resistant plant 2.0591 环保植物 environment protecting plant 2.0592 高山植物 alpine plant 2.0593 岩生植物 rock plant 2.0594 攀缘植物 climbing plant, climber 2.0595 地被植物 ground cover plant 2.0596 阴生植物 shade plant 2.0597 装饰植物 decorative plant 2.0598 装缘植物 edging plant 2.0599 绿蓠植物 hedge plant 2.0600 草坪植物 lawn plant, lawn grass 2.0601 花坛植物 bedding plant 2.0602 球根植物 bulbous plant 2.0603 宿根植物 perennial plant, perennial 2.0604 水生植物 aquatic plant, hydrophyte 2.0605 旱生植物 xerophyte 2.0606 沼泽植物 bog plant, swamp plant 2.0607 室内装饰植物 indoor decorative plant, house plant 2.0608 切花 cut flower 2.0609 垂枝植物 pendulous plant, weeping plant 2.0610 缠绕植物 twiner, twinning plant 2.0611 针叶植物 needle-leaved plant 2.0612 阔叶植物 broad-leaved plant 2.0613 斑叶植物 variegate-leaved plant 2.0614 松柏植物 conifer 2.0615 常绿植物 evergreen plant 2.0616 半常绿植物 semi-evergreen plant 2.0617 不耐寒植物 tender plant 2.0618 半耐寒植物 half-hardy plant 2.0619 耐寒植物 hardy plant 2.0620 耐旱植物 drought enduring plant 2.0621 山石材料 stone material 2.0622 昆山石 Kunshan stone 2.0623 钟乳石 stalactite 2.0624 灵壁石 Lingbi stone 2.0625 英德石 Yingde stone 2.0626 青石 Qing stone 2.0627 宣石 Xuan stone 2.0628 房山石 Fangshan stone 2.0629 观赏动物 ornamental animal 2.0630 观赏鸟类 ornamental bird 2.0631 观赏兽类 ornamental beast 2.0632 观赏昆虫类 ornamental insect 园林机具设备 2.0633 园林机械 garden machine 2.0634 园林工具 garden instrument, garden implement 2.0635 园林设备 garden equipment 2.0636 花坛分界隔板 plastic bed divider 2.0637 种植容器 planting container 2.0638 圆木桩 log peg 2.0639 喷射装置 jet bubbler 2.0640 滴灌 trickle irrigator, drip irrigator 2.0641 环动喷灌器 circle sprinkler 2.0642 圆筒喷灌器 rotor sprinkler 2.0643 自控器 automatic controller 2.0644 管端喷灌器 hose end sprinkler 2.0645 固定喷灌器 stationary sprinkler 2.0646 喷雾喷灌器 mist sprinkler, spray head sprinkler 2.0647 喷灌覆盖面 sprinkler coverage 2.0648 草坪加肥器 lawn feeder 2.0649 施肥喷灌器 combined feeder and sprinkler 2.0650 液肥混合调配器 liquid fertilizer mixer-proportioner 2.0651 滴水喷头 emitter, dripper 2.0652 水土保持塑料网 erosion control plastic net 2.0653 苗木包装材料 nursery stock package material 2.0654 麻布袋 burlap bag 2.0655 铁丝篮 wire basket 2.0656 篮状种植器 basket container 2.0657 塑料苗木桶 plastic nurserican 2.0658 播种盘 seed tray 2.0659 网孔盆 mesh pot 2.0660 含肥泥炭盆 fertile peat pot 2.0661 盆栽机 potting machine 2.0662 换盆机 repotting machine 2.0663 再生纸种植器 reclaimed paper container 2.0664 纤维育苗器 wood fiber plant grower 2.0665 泥炭压制播种饼 peat seeding pellet, peat seeding starter 2.0666 松土除草机 cultivator 2.0667 旋转锄 rotary hoe 2.0668 切叶机 foliage cutter 2.0669 翻地犁 uncovering plough 2.0670 盖土机 mounted spreader 2.0671 前悬装土机 front mounted loader 2.0672 后缀装土机 rear mounted loader 2.0673 旋轴剪草机 spindle mower 2.0674 栽植机 planting machine 2.0675 植物覆盖 plant mulching 2.0676 覆盖物分散机 mulch spreader 2.0677 种子液肥喷洒机 hydro seeder 2.0678 修枝剪 pruning shear 2.0679 播种器garden seeder 2.0680 球根种植器 bulb planter 2.0681 土壤酸度探测器 pH-value computer 2.0682 巴效分析器 fertilizer analyzer 2.0683 嫁接刀 grafting knife 2.0684 温室设备 greenhouse equipment 2.0685 盆栽灌水系统 pot watering system 2.0686 温室气候控制器 greenhouse climate controller 2.0687 温室覆盖 greenhouse covering 2.0688 喷雾自控系统 automatic mist control system 2.0689 二氧化碳发生器 C02 generator 2.0690 温度报警钟 temperature alarm 2.0691 游览车 park sightseeing bus 2.0692 引剪草机 lawn mower 2.0693 动力剪草机 power lawnmower 2.0694 畜力剪草机 horse lawnmower 2.0695 手推剪草机 hand lawnmower 2.0696 游人调查 visitors investigation 2.0697 游人统计 visitors statistics 2.0698 游人分析 garden visitors analysis 2.0699 游人管理 visitors management 2.0700 导游图 tourist map 2.0701 导游解说 tour descri ption and direction 2.0702 劳动管理 labour management 2.0703 物资管理 material handling, goods handling 2.0704 设备管理 equipment management, facility management 2.0705 财务管理 financial management 2.0706 安全管理 safety management 2.0707 环境监测 environmental monitor 2.0708 植物养护管理 plant maintenance and management 2.0709 园林技术管理 garden technical management 2.0710 质量管理 quality management 2.0711 园貌维修 garden feature maintenance 2.0712 植物整形修剪 plant trimming and pruning 2.0713 植物病虫防治 disease and insect control 2.0714 园林管理规划 management plan 2.0715 游人意见处理 treatment of visitors opinions 2.0716 游人规则 visitors regulation 2.0717 园内交通管理 traffic control in park 2.0718 园外交通管理 traffic control out of park entrance 2.0719 汽车停车规则 parking rules 2.0720 自行车停放规则 bicycle parking rules 2.0721 开放时间 opening time 2.0722 日常清洁卫生管理 daily sanitation and hygiene management 2.0723 人类生态环境 human ecological environment 2.0724 自然系统 natural system 2.0725 自然资源 natural resource 2.0726 自然保护 conservation of nature 2.0727 自然保存 natural preservation 2.0728 环境保护 environmental protection 2.0729 环境容量 environment capacity 2.0730 环境适宜性 environment fitness 2.0731 环境空气质量标准 ambient air quality 2.0732 共生 symbiosis 2.0733 互惠共生 mutualism 2.0734 公害 public nuisance 2.0735 生态绝灭 ecological extinction 2.0736 生态系统 ecosystem 2.0737 生态圈 ecosphere 2.0738 生态灾难 ecological disaster 2.0739 环境质量 environmental quality 2.0740 环境压力 environment stress 2.0741 生命维持系统 life-support system 2.0742 反馈系统 feedback system 2.0743 自养生物 autotroph 2.0744 异养生物 heterotroph 2.0745 食物链 foodchain 2.0746 生物圈 biosphere 2.0747 濒危植物 endangered plant, threatened plant 2.0748 主体群落 major community 2.0749 人工群落 artificial community 2.0750 绿色革命 green revolution 2.0751 户外娱乐资源 outdoor recreation resource 2.0752 原始环境系统 wilderness environment system 2.0753 近代环境系统 modern environment system 2.0754 乡村生活模式 country life-pattern 2.0755 烟害 smoke pollution, fume pollution 2.0756 雾害 fog pollution 2.0757 霜害 frost injury 2.0758 水污染 water pollution 2.0759 土壤污染 soil pollution, soil contamination 2.0760 园林小气候 garden microclimate 2.0761 环境保护植物 environmental conservation plant 2.0762 引气候调节 climatic regulation 2.0763 自动调节机能 homeostasis 2.0764 生态平衡 ecological homeostasis 2.0765 森林生态系统 forest ecosystem 2.0766 草原生态系统 prairie ecosystem 2.0767 滞尘植物 dust holding plant 其他: A Accessibility 可达性 Accessible route 易达的路线 advance notice 事先通知 aerobic digesters 需氧消化池 aesthetic considerations 审美方面的考虑 brick and concrete block walls 砖和混凝土砌块墙 stone walls 石头墙 wood and metal fences 木头和金属栅栏 aesthetic controls 审美控制 aggregate base 混合基础 AIA 美国建筑师协会 Anaerobic digesters 厌氧分解池 APA 美国规划师协会 arterial streets 主干道 as-built records 施工记录 ASLA 美国景观建筑师协会 athletic facility 运动设施 average walking distance 平均步行距离 axioms 原理 B backfill 回填 backhoe 挖沟机 bar charts 横道图 barrier design 障碍设计 beams 大梁 bearing capacity 承载力 benchmarks 水准点 billing 帐簿 biodiversity 生物多样性 bioengineering 生物工程 biomass 生物量 boardwalks 栈桥 bonding company 担保公司 bonuses 奖金 boundary definition 边界确定 boundary survey 边界测量 brown fields 褐色土地 bulldozers 推土机 business development 商业开发 business parks 商业园区 C cadastral survey 地籍测量 camping 野营 candlepower 烛光度 cantilevered wall 悬臂墙 cascading waterfalls瀑布叠水 certificates of payment 付款证明书 certifications of compliance 应允证明书 cesspools 化粪池,污水坑,污水渗井,粪坑 change orders 变更单 changes, unauthorized 未经同意的变更 channels, stormwater 雨水沟渠,槽,渠道 circulation control 循环控制 circulation patterns 环流模式 clay lenses 粘土防渗层 clay soil 粘土 clean-up 清扫,清理,清除,提纯,净化 clearing and grubbing 清理和除根 client 业主 climate zones 气候带 closeout 竣工 cluster treatment systems 集中式污水处理系统 co-ordinates 坐标 cold 寒带 collected rainwater 收集起来的雨水 collector streets 次干道 colloidal soil 胶质土壤 commercial center design 商业中心设计 communication 电信 community commercial 社区商业 community facility standards 社区设施标准 community parks and recreation planning data 社区公园和文娱体育规划资料 community scale 社区尺度 community standards 社区标准 compaction 压实 competition pools 竞赛用游泳池 composting toilets 堆肥厕所 conceptualization 概念化 concrete crib wall 混凝土格笼墙 cones of vision 视锥 connected imperviousness 连续的非渗透地面 conservation standards 保护标准 constructed wetlands 人工湿地 construction 施工 brick and concrete block walls 砖和混凝土砌块墙 stone walls 石头墙 wood and metal fences 木头和金属栅栏 construction document 施工文件 construction layout 施工布局 construction observation 施工监理 construction permits 施工许可 construction sequence 施工顺序 construction survey 施工测量 contingencies 临时费 contingency allowance 临时津贴 contract 合同 responsibilities 责任 types of 类型 unauthorized changes 未经同意的变更 contract documents 合同文件 control points 控制点 conveyance techniques, stormwater 雨水的输送技术 corrective observation 校正性(补救性,修正性)检查(监理) corridors 廊道 cost data 造价数据 cost estimate components 造价估算内容 equipment costs 设备费 equipment crew costs 设备人工费 general requirements costs 一般要求的费用 labor cost 人工费 location 位置,地点 material 材料 overtime 加班费 productivity 生产率 project scale 项目规模 quantity take-off methods 起点数量法 cost estimating 造价估算 cost plus 造价累计 court games 场地运动 court surface 运动场地地面 CPM 关键路径法 Critical Path Method. See CPM 关键路径法,见CPM CSI 施工规范原理 culverts 涵洞,暗沟,管道 cut operations 挖方工程 D datum 数据 decking平台面,铺板 decks平台,甲板 basic components 基本内容 design requirements 设计要求 estimating design load 估算设计荷载 framing method 结构方法 plank-and-beam framing 厚木板梁框架 platform framing 平台框架 material 材料 hardware 五金件 wood 木料,木材 site analysis 场地分析 span tables 跨度表 structural design 结构设计 decks, function of 平台的功能 deferred maintenance 延期维修(维护) demolition, general 整体破坏 demolition ,selective 选择性破坏 density 密度 design development 设计扩初,设计深化 design framework 设计框架 design impacts 设计影响 design quality 设计质量 design speed 设计速度 detail scale 细部尺度 detention ponds 滞留池 development 开发 industrial. See industrial development 工业,见工业开发 residential. See residential development 居住,见居住开发 development programming 开发 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 development types, industrial and business 开发类型,工业和商业 dimensional Criteria 标注标准 dimensions 标注 dimension of human figures 人体尺度 direct labor 直接人工费 disconnected imperviousness 不连续的非渗透地面 disposal 处理,处置,排除,清除 DL. See direct labor DL.见直接人工费 drainage 排水,流域面积,排洪,排水系统 drinking water 饮用水 dry detention ponds 干滞池 durability 耐久性 E Eames, Charles and Ray 查理•埃姆斯和雷 earthwork 土方 ecological impact 生态影响 economic impact 经济影响 edge habitat 边缘栖息地 edge restraint 边缘限制 electrical lines 电力线 embodied energy 蕴藏能量 energy 能量 embodied. See embodied energy 具体化的,见蕴藏能量,具体能量 energy costs 能量造价 environmental impact analysis 环境影响分析 environmental impact statement (EIS) 环境影响报告书(EIS) scoping process 确定范围程序 environmental modification 环境修复 equipment costs 设备费 equipment crew costs 设备人工费 equivalents 相等物,等同物 estimating 估算 estimating water flows 估算水流量 evaluation 评价 exotic plant species 外来植物物种 eye levels 视平线 F fabric reinforcement 纤维加固,织物加强件 facilities planning data 设施规划数据 feasibility planning 可行性规划 federal regulations 联邦规范 flood protection 防洪 historic preservation 历史保留 National Environmental Policy Act(NEPA) 国家环境政策法案(NEPA) NPDES general permits NPDES一般性许可 Section 10 permit 第10条许可 Section 404 permit 第404条许可 fee 费用 cost plus fixed 固定费用之和 lump sum 总数,总合 retainer 律师费 fences and walls 栅栏和围墙 fences, wood and metal 栅栏,木栅栏和金属栅栏 components 组分,内容 construction 施工 aesthetic considerations 审美方面的考虑 structural considerations 结构方面的考虑 field orders 现场通知单 field sports 田径运动 field surfaces 田径运动场地面 field surveys 现场测量 fill operations 填方工程 fill, general 一般性填方 filter strips 滤器,滤池,过滤,滤水 filtration 过滤 filtration systems 过滤系统 finish grading 设计标高 flexible pavement 柔性地面铺装 flood protection 防洪 follow ups 连续 footage 尺长 footcandle 英尺烛光 footing drains 基座处排水,立足点排水 footings 立足点 forward spatial bubbles foundations 基础 fragmentation 破碎 Freeway or Distributor Systems 高速路或分配者系统 French drains 法式排水 friction coefficient 摩擦系数 frost depth 结冻深度,冰冻深度 frost-thaw cycle 结冻-融化周期 functional requirement 功能要求 G garden pool 花园游泳池 general conditions 一般情况 general contractor 总承包商 general demolition 整体破坏 general fill 总填方 general requirements 一般要求 general requirements costs 一般要求的费用 general roadway standards 一般道路标准 geodetic survey 测地学测量 GIS 地理信息系统 golf and driving ranges 高尔夫和高尔夫练习场 grading 场地平整 granular soil粒状土壤 gravity wall 重力墙 graywater 灰水 greenfields 绿色用地,绿色土地 ground covers 地被植物 groundwater protection 地下水保护 groundwater recharge 地下水补给 groundwater resources 地下水资源,地下水储量 growing season 生长期 guarantees 抵押物 H hand level 手动水平仪 hazardous plants 有毒植物 headwalls 头墙 heavy duty 重型的,责任重大的 herbaceous plants 草本植物 highway 高速公路 historic preservation 历史保留 horizontal alignment 平面设计 hot arid 炎热干燥 hot humid 炎热潮湿 hydrographic survey 水文测量 hydrologic cycle 水文周期 I impervious surface ratio 不渗透地面比例 industrial development 工业开发 industrial parks 工业园区 infiltration beds 渗透床 infiltration ponds 渗透池 infiltration wells 渗透井 inspection 检查 installation 安装 Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) 保险赔偿比例地图 interpretation 注释,解释 invasive species 入侵物种 irrigation 灌溉 irrigation ponds 灌溉池塘 irrigation systems 灌溉系统 irrigation water, sources of 灌溉水水源 J job meetings 工作会议 joists 托梁 L labor costs 人工费 lagoons 塘 lamp characteristics 灯具的特点 landscape assessment 景观评价 Landscape Coefficient(KL) 景观系数(KL) landscape planning 景观规划 landscape planning strategies 景观规划对策 landscape plantings, calculating water景观种植用水量的计算 large-scale sites 大型场地 layout and surveying 布局和测量 layout methods 布局方法 layout plans 平面图,布局平面 layout requirements 布局要求 layout survey 布局测量 leaching fields 沥滤场 light depreciation 不强烈的抗议 light duty 轻型的 lighting 照明 atmosphere and character 气氛和特征 orientation and identification 方位和识别 safety and security 安全和治安 limit-of-work line 工作期限 local or minor streets 当地的或小街道 local regulations 当地规范(规定) aesthetic controls 审美控制 construction permits 施工许可 planned unit development regulation 有规划的单元开发规范(规定) subdivision regulations (土地)再细分规范(规定) zoning regulations分区规划规范(规定) rezoning 再分区规划 variances 变动 lumen 流明 luminance 亮度 lump sum fee 总费用 lux 勒克司(国际单位制的照明单位,即米烛光) Lyle, John Tillman 约翰•蒂尔曼•莱尔 M magnetic declination 磁力偏差 maintenance and disposal 维修和处理 maintenance period 维修期 maneuvering patterns 运行方式 map projections 地图投影 map scale 制图比例 markup 涨价 master planning 总体规划 MASTERFORMAT 雇主表格 material costs 材料费 material lifecycle cost estimates 材料生命周期造价估算 material samples 材料样品 material selection 材料选择 measures of intensity 强度衡量 residential development 居住开发 retail commercial development 零售商业开发 mechanics lien 机械扣押权 release 让度证书 medium duty 中型 medium-scale sites 中型场地 metes and bounds 界石和边界线 metric ratio 公制比例 mobilization cost 流通费 moisture content 湿度,含水量,水汽含量 monolithic pavement 整体路面,整体铺装 moonlighting 月光式照明 movement criteria 移动标准 multi-family housing 多户住宅 municipal sewer systems 市政排水系统 N National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 国家环境政策法案,简称(NEPA) natural resources 自然资源 needs assessment 需求评估 negotiation 协议,商议,协商 neighborhood commercial 邻里商业 neighborhood scale 邻里尺度 net positive suction head 净吸真空高度 noxious plants 有毒植物 NEPA general permits 国家环境政策法案的一般许可 O office parks 办公园区 OH. See overhead OH. 见经常性开支 on-site treatment systems 分散式污水处理系统 open space ratio 开敞空间比例 orientation 超向,方位 ornamental ponds 观赏性水池 ornamental pools 观赏性水池 overhead 经常性开支 annual rate 年度比率 overhead and profit 经常性开支和利润 overruns, time 时间延误 overtime 加班费 overturning 翻腾,水的竖直循环现象 owner 所有者 P package plants 丛生植物 parking 停车场 parking dimensions 停车场尺寸 parking lot 停车场 parking lots 停车场 parking requirements 停车场要求 patches 斑块 path lighting 小径照明 pathways 小径 pavement铺装,路面 pavement, flexible 柔性铺装,柔性路面 pavement, rigid 刚性铺装,刚性路面 pavements 道路 paver 铺路材料,铺路机,铺石人 paving 铺装,铺路 payment 报酬;支付 non-payment 无报酬的 requests 申请 关于撤销行政处分的申请关于工程延期监理费的申请报告关于减免管理费的申请关于减租申请书的范文关于解除警告处分的申请 pedestrian standards 步行标准 penalties 罚金,罚款 percentage of construction 施工的百分比 permitting processes 申请程序 personnel allocation 人员配备 photometric charts 光度表 physical characteristics 物理特征 picnicking 野餐 piers 支墩,支柱,防洪堤 pipes 管道 place scale 场地尺度 plan discrepancies 平面的不符之处 plane survey 平面测量 planned multiuse developments 有计划的综合开发 planned unit development regulations 有计划的单元开发规范 planning 规划 development feasibility planning 开发的可行性规划 landscape planning 景观规划 master planning 总体规划 plant hardiness 植物的抗寒性 plant mortality 植物的死亡率 planting 种植 clean-up and final inspection清理和检查 ground covers 地被植物 seeding and sodding 种草和铺草皮 shrubs 灌木 trees 乔木 planting conditions 种植现状 planting design 种植设计 planting requirements 种植要求 plants, hazardous 有害的植物 plants, herbaceous草本的植物 plants, noxious有毒的植物 plants, salt tolerant 耐盐碱的植物, play surfaces 游戏场地地面 playgrounds 游戏场地 point of beginning 起始点 pond systems 池塘系统 clay lenses 粘土防渗层 depth 深度 synthetic liners 合成材料垫层,合成材料衬里(衬底) pools 游泳池 competition 竞赛用游泳池 recreational 娱乐用游泳池 pools structure 游泳池结构 depth 深度 freeboard 干舷 posts 柱 potable water 饮用水 Powers of Ten 十的力量 precipitation 降雨,降水量 precision 精确性;准确性 preventative observation 预防性监理 pricing 报价 material lifecycle cost estimates 材料生命周期造价估算 overhead and profit 经常性开支和利润 square meter cost estimates 平方米造价估算 systems estimates 系统估算法 unit price cost calculation 单位标价造价计算 privacy 私密性 private garden 私家花园 product distribution 产品销售 product packaging 产品包装 productivity 生产率 project budget 项目预算 project closeout 项目竣工 project meetings 项目会议 project observation 项目检查 project records 项目登记 project scale 项目规模 proprietary surfaces 地上有房产 public garden 公共花园 public plaza 公共广场 pumps 水泵 punch list 打孔登记表 punch lists 打孔登记表 Q quantity take-off methods 数量估算法 R ramp slopes 坡道坡度 ramps 坡道 rates, standard billing 标准记帐率 Rational Method 推理计算方法 raw material 原材料 re-use 再利用 recharge trenches (地下水)补给沟渠 recreation standards 文娱体育标准 recreational pools 娱乐用游泳池 recyclable materials 可循环使用的材料 recycled water 循环水 recycling 再循环使用(的) regional commercial 地区性商业 regional considerations 地区性居住 regional scale 区域尺度 regulations, federal联邦的规范(规定) regulations, local地方的规范(规定) regulations, state州的规范(规定) reimbursable expenses 可补偿费用 reinforced embankments 加固的土堤,加固筑堤 rejections 排斥,阻止,抑制 replacements 替代 reservoir structures 水库构筑物,蓄水池,贮器 residential development 居住开发 residential standards 居住标准 retail commercial development 零售商业开发 appropriateness of a given site for 某个特定场地的适宜性 retainer 律师费 retaining structures 护土结构,阻挡构筑物 types of 类型 retaining walls 挡土墙 retention ponds See wet detention ponds 滞留池,见调节池,贮水池 rigid pavement 刚性路面 rigid retaining walls 刚性挡土墙 risk 风险 roads 道路 roadway design elements 道路设计要素 roadway dimensions 道路尺寸 rock removal 去除岩石 roof garden 屋顶花园 rough grading 粗略的场地平整 Route Survey A survey of existing or alignment of route survey 现状测量的线 路测量或道路定线测量 S safety and security 安全和保安 salt tolerant plants 耐盐植物 saltwater intrusion 咸水(海水)侵入 sand filters 砂滤池,砂滤层 scheduling 制定日程表 schematic studies 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 研究 scope of services 服务范围 scope of work 工作范围 screening and circulation 屏障和组织交通 SCS Runoff Curve Number Method土地保护局水土保持局的径流曲线数值法 Section 10 Permit 第10条许可 Section 404 Permit 第404条许可 seeding 种草 segmental and stack wall retaining systems 护土段墙和垒墙系统 seismic conditions 地震状况 selective demolition 选择性破坏 sensory stimuli 感官刺激 septic systems 净化系统 settlement at the toe 在坡底建房 sewer systems municipal 市政排水系统 shadow calculations 投影计算 sheet flow地表水膜,水膜浅流,层流,片流 shop drawing 产品安装图 shrubs 灌木 shut-downs 暂时停工 signage 标志 silhouette lighting 轮廓照明 single-family attached homes 独户式联排住宅 single-family detached home 独户式独立住宅 site clearing 场地清理 site furnishings 场地美化 site selection 场地选择 sites, large-scale大型的场地 sliding 滑动,移动 small scale sites 小型场地 Small Storm Hydrology Method 小型暴雨水文法 social impact 社会影响 soil characteristics 土壤特征 soil pressure forces 土壤压力 soil, colloidal 胶质土壤 soil, granular 粒状土壤 soil, weight of 土壤质量,土壤重量 span tables 跨度表 spatial scale 空间尺度 Spatial Standards 空间标准 specifications 说明书,具体要求 spotlighting 射灯照明 spouting fountains 喷射喷泉 spray displays 喷射装置 spread lighting泛光灯照明 sprinkler systems, conventional 传统的喷水系统 drip system, low-volume 耗水量低的滴灌系统 container plants 盆栽植物 head selection and layout喷头选择和布置 precipitation rate 沉淀率,喷水速率 square meter cost estimate 平方米造价估算 square unit 平方单位 stability testes 稳定性检测 stage-storage curve stairway楼梯 staking 定桩 standard billing rates 标准记帐率 state regulations 州规范 state environmental policy acts (SEPAs) 州环境政策法案,简称(SEPAs) station offsets 源点偏移 stockpiling 储备 storm sewers 雨水排水管 structural considerations 结构方面的考虑 brick and concrete block walls 砖和混凝土砌块墙 stone walls 石头墙 wood and metal fences 木头和金属栅栏 subdivision regulations (土地)再细分规范 substitutions 代用 surface 地面 surface water 地表水 surface water supplies 地表水供应 surface 地面 court 运动场地 field 运动场 play 游戏场 track 跑道 surfacing 地面处理 surfacing requirements 地面处理要求 swales 洼地 swimming 游泳 swimming pools 游泳池 systems estimates 系统估算 T telecommunication lines 电信线路 temperate 温和的,适度的 tests 检测 time delays 时间延误 time of concentration 浓缩时间 time over-runs 加班时间 topographic survey地形测量 topsoil stripping 表土剥离 tot lots儿童游戏场,幼儿游戏场 townscape 城市景观 toxicity 毒性 track and field 跑道和运动场 track surface 跑道地面 traverse 导线 tread-riser ratios 踏步宽和踏步高的比值 tree protection 树木保护 tree-planting, techniques 植树技术 trenching 挖沟 U U.S. Customary Scale 美国惯用比例 unauthorized changes 未经同意的变更 uniformity 均匀,一律,一致性 unit costs 单位造价 unit pavement 单体铺装,单位路面 unit price cost calculation 单位标价造价计算 updating 最新式的 uplighting 向上照明 urban streams 城市河流 urban street 城市街道 V vegetation, existing 现状植被 vehicular circulation systems 机动车交通系统 vehicular standards 机动车标准 verification 证实 vertical alignment 纵断面 Visual Criteria 视觉标准 W walks 步行道路 walls, brick and concrete block砖和混凝土砌块墙 aesthetic considerations 审美方面的考虑 components 组成,内容 construction 施工 structural considerations 结构方面的考虑 walls, stone 石头墙 components 组成,内容 construction施工 aesthetic considerations 审美的考虑 structural considerations 审美方面的考虑 waste resources 垃圾资源 wastes 垃圾 wastewater treatment 污水处理 water demand 用水需求 water feature 水景,水体特征 considerations in use of 用途方面的考虑 display pumps 喷灌泵 evaporation 蒸发 lighting 照明 piping 管道 pressure 水压 recycled water 循环使用的水 system requirements 系统要求 water effects 水景效果 Water Quality 水质 water quality volume 水质容积 water resource protection 水源保护 water resource, demand on 水源需要 water resource 水源 water supply 给水 watershed 流域 wearing course 面层,磨损过程 wearing surface 正在磨损的表面 weep hole 泄水孔 wet detention ponds 湿滞留池 wheel load 车轮轮压 wildlife migration 野生生物迁徙 wood deck 木质甲板(平台) working documents. See construction documents 工作文件,见施工文件 WQV. See water quality volume WQV.见水质体积 Z zoning regulations 分区规划规定
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