资料课件高一英语定语从句讲解

资料课件高一英语定语从句讲解 高一定语从句讲解 第一讲 1、功能:相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 定语从句的结构:先行词+关系词+句子剩余部分 一: 先行词: 被定语从句所修饰的词 二: 关系代词:用来连接定语从句，并在从句中代表先行词的代词作用:引导定语从句 代替先行词在从句中起作用。 先行词: that ,which, who, whose ,as 先行词为人: whose who that 先行词为物: that which 在从句中充当的成分: 主语、宾语 表语 定语 (1)先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。 (2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 e.g. 把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句 He is a teacher, the teacher teaches us Chinese. He is a teacher who / that teaches us Chinese. 1. They had a radio. It could send out messages. They had a radio which/ that could send out message. (主语) 2. The girl is my best friend. She spoke just now. 3. He always buys some books. He never read them. 强化练习 1 We are trying to help those children _____ lost their parents in Yushu , Qinghai Province. A. which B. when C. who D. whose 2 Do you know the girl _______is singing in the classroom? A.who B.which C.when 3 Jim dislikes people _______talk much but never do anything. A.whom B.when C.whose D.who 4 Have you found the answer to the question ______I asked you this morning? A.when B.what C.that 5 Friends are those make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed A which B what C whom D who 高考链接: 1 Women __ drink more than 2 cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those __ don’t (2006北京) A. who; / B. / ; who C. who; who D. /;/ 2 He owns a little shop _ sells a lot of goods _ are necessary to the people _ are living nearby. A. where, that, who B. that, which, C. /, which, who D. which, that, who 注意点:(打印给学生) 1.) 定语从句一般直接跟在先行词的后面: e.g. 4. The man who lives next door sells vegetables. The man sells vegetables who lives next door. ( × ) 5. The car which my uncle just bought was destroyed in the earthquake. The car was destroyed in the earthquake which my uncle just bought. ( × ) 2()关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略: e.g. 6. The young man ( whom ) you saw was our manager. 7. There is something ( that ) we must keep in mind. 第二讲 whose 的用法: 关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格，即“的”时，它既可以修饰指人的先行词，也可以修饰指物的先行词。 e.g. 1. The girl is my daughter. Her work got the first prize. The girl whose work got the first prize is my daughter. 2. The book is not mine. The cover of it is red. The book whose cover is red is not mine ( The book the cover of which is red is not mine) 3. Do you know anyone? His family is in Xi’an. 4. I live in the room. The windows of it face south. 5. The chair has been repaired. The leg of it was broken. 强化练习 1 john is the boy_____ legs were badly hurt in the accident. A. whose B. that C. who D. Which 2 "Get new knowledge by reviewing the old" is a famous saying by Confucius(孔子). He was a great thinker words still have a great effect on millions of people around the world today. A. who B. who's C. Whose 3 Li Mei is the student _________ handwriting is the best in our class. A. whose B. whom C. who D. that 高考连接: 1. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house______ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. what 2 Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. Whose 3 A person ______email account is full won’t be able to send or receive any emails. A. who B. whom C. whose D. Whoever That which 用法 1)用that而不用 which的情况 ?先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing,,little,few,much something someone I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else’s fault. A. who B. that C. which D. What —Now many people smoke and get ill. —So we should do something ______ can help stop smoking. A. what B. who C. / D. that ?先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰; The first thing that you need to come up with is an idea for your club. The first thing _____ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter. A. which B. that C. why D. who ?先行词有the only, the very, any,the same , the last等词修饰; This is the only thing that he can remember. He is the only one of the workers ____ english in the factory. A that knows B that know C who has known D who have known ?先行词既有人又有物时。 I miss the teachers and the kindergarten __ my parents think highly of.(2009金华十校联考) A. who B. where C. which D. that 用which 而不用 that 的情况 。 that用法真有趣，俩个地方它不去 逗号之后它不去，介词之后不考虑 第三讲 介词+ which 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时，关系代词只能用which 或whom e.g. The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner. The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood. That is the teacher from whom we have learned a lot. 高考链接: 1. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop ______ to produce the workings of his own hands. A. that B. in which C. by which D. how 2. I have many friends, some_______ are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 3. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave bells and glasses. A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which 4. Gun control is a subject ____ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 5. The man pulled out a gold watch, ______ were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which 6. Eric received training in computer for one year, ______ he found a job in a big company. A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this 7.Alex asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident( A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom 8. In the dark street，there wasn't a single person ______ she could turn for help( A. at B. who C. from whom D. to whom As的用法 as引导定语从句时的用法 1. as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。 e.g. Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 2. as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。常用下 列句型: as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。 e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. As is known to us all, China is a country with a long history of civilization as 在引导非限定时 一般放句首或句尾，并有逗号隔开。而which引导的从句不放句首。 强化练习 1 __ is often the case, my mother has the final say in the argument .(2008 云南一次质检) A. Which B. As C. That D. What 2 The prices of houses, ______ is often reported, have been going up sharply in the past few months. A. which B. it C. as D. what 3 The Beatles, many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.(天津卷) A. what B. that C. how D. as 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。 e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited. 非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。 e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night. (who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译) 指代前面整个主句的意思;用which e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 1 It is the third time that he has won the race,____ has suprised us all. A. That B where C which D what 2 After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, ______ turned out to be a wise decision. A. that B. which C. when D. where 介词 + 关系代词。 1 Maria has written 2 novels, both of —— have been made into television series. A them B that C which D what 2 I wish to thank Professor li , without ____ help i would never have got this far. A who B whose C whom D which 第三讲 .关系副词:when, where, why 1.内容: 关系副词when/where/why 时间用when原因why，地点where 2.用法:关系副词在定语从句中做状语 Eg:I will show you to the factory which produces this kind of TV sets. I will show you to the factory where he has worked for five years. I don’t know the reason why/ for which he did it. Mr Black would never forget the day when he was bitterly punished. I don’t believe the reason that he gave for his decision. Another reason why he made this decision is that he had to consider the feelings of others. I still remember the day which we spent together. I still remember the day when I first came to Hong Kong 关系副词=介词+which I will never forget the day when/ on which I went to university. The reason for which/why he was fired was not clear. This is the house where/ in which he used to live. I know of a place in which/where we can swim 高考链接: 1 Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. whose 2 Where did you get to know her? —It was on the farm _____ we worked. that B. there C. which D. where . 3 --- Where did you find your favorite shoes, Jackson? --- It was in the box ______ my father often puts his shoes. A.that B. where C. which D. / 4 “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall _________ the students often have a meeting.” A. where B. which C. that D. when 地点模糊化 1. After graduation she reached a point in her career __ she needed to decide what to do. A. that B. what C. which D. where 2. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly. A. which B. as C. why D. where 3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _____ sight matters more than hearing. A. when B. whose C. which D. where 4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where 5.—Do you have anything to say for yourselves? —Yes, there is one point ____ we must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D. / 6. Remember that there is still one point ______ we must make clear at the conference tomorrow. A. where B. why C. when D. that 7. We must reach a point _____ both sides will sit and reach the agreement. A. why B. where C. that D. when 定语从句高考题 1.【2012重庆】29. Sales director is a position ______communication ability is just as important as sales skills. A. which B. that C. when D. where 2.【2012福建】23. The air quality in the city, _____ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. A. that B. it C. as D. what 3(【2012陕西】14. It is the third time that she has won the race, ____ has surprised us all. A. that B. where C. which D. what 4.【2012山东】23. Maria has written two novels, bo th of ___ have been made into television series. A. them B. that C. which D. what 5.【2011全国卷I】The prize will go to the writer _____ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what 6.【2011北京卷】Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _____, of course, make all the others upset. A. who B. which C. what D. that 7.【2011山东卷】The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that 8. 【2011浙江卷】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _____ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those 9.【2011四川卷】The school shop, _____ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays. A. which B. whose C. when D. where 10.【2011天津卷】The days are gone _____ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. A. when B. that C. where D. which 11.【2013安徽卷】 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ____ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. A. it B. that C. what D. which 12.【2013新课标2】When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying. A. what B. when C. where D. which 13.【2013北京卷】Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected. A. when B. which C. whose D. where 14.【2013四川卷)Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live. A. what B. which C. when D. where 15.【2013天津卷】We have launched another man-made satellite, is announced in today’ s newspaper. A.that B.which C. who D. what 16. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house______ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. what 17. Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ____ don’t. A. who; 不填 B. 不填; who C. who; who D. 不填; 不填 18 The village has developed a lot ______ we learned farming two years ago. A. when B. which C. that D. where 19. Occasions are quite rare _____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. A. who B. which C. why D. when 20. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea _____ the party is to be held? . A. what B. which C. that D. where 三、关系代词 vs 关系副词 1. 1.Do you still remember the chicken farm _____ we visited three months ago? 2. A. where B. when C. that D. what 3. 2. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ 4. life has developed gradually. 5. A. that B. where C. which D. whose 6. 3. I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else’s fault. 7. A. who B. that C. which D. what 8. 4. A person ______email account is full won’t be able to send or receive any emails. 9. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever 10. 5. —Where did you get to know her? 11. —It was on the farm _____ we worked. 12. A. that B. there C. which D. where 13. 6.--- Where did you find your favorite shoes, Jackson? 14. --- It was in the box ______ my father often puts his shoes. 15. A.that B. where C. which D. / 16. 7. “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall _________ the students often have a meeting.” 17. A. where B. which C. that D. when 18. 8. After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, ______ turned 19. out to be a wise decision. 20. A. that B. which C. when D. where 21. 9. The prices of houses, ______ is often reported, have been going up sharply in the 22. past few months. 23. A. which B. it C. as D. what 24. 10. The Beatles, many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. 25. A. what B. that C. how D. as 26. 11. Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest ____ everyone wants to visit. 27. A. that B. which C. as D. where 28. 12. Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest ___ everyone wants to visit it. 29. A. that B. which C. as D. where 30. 13.I have bought the same dress ______ she is wearing. 31. A. as B. that C. which D. than 32. 14.All ______ is needed is a supply of oil. 33. A. the thing B. that C. what D. which 34. 15.She wrote a letter to her father, ______ she made her secret known. 35. A. which B. as C. in which D. where 36. 16.They’ve won their last three matcbes.________I find a bit surprising 37. A. that B. when C. what D. which 38. 四、介词+关系代词 39. 1. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop ______ to produce the workings of his own hands. 40. A. that B. in which C. by which D. how 41. 2. I have many friends, some_______ are businessmen. 42. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 43. 3. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came 44. up to us, ______ we gave one bells and glasses. 45. A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which 4. Gun control is a subject ____ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 5. The man pulled out a gold watch, ______ were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which 6. Eric received training in computer for one year, ______ he found a job in a big company. A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this 7.Alex asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident( A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom 8. In the dark street，there wasn't a single person ______ she could turn for help( A. at B. who C. from whom D. to whom 9. Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born, A. at where B. which C. in which D.at which 10. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ______ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup( A.that B. while C. which D. when 五、关系代词 vs 代词 1. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students Chinese in the school, most ____ were from Germany. A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom 2. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ___ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 六、地点模糊化 1. After graduation she reached a point in her career __ she needed to decide what to do. A. that B. what C. which D. where 2. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly. A. which B. as C. why D. where 3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _____ sight matters more than 46. hearing. A. when B. whose C. which D. where 4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where 5.—Do you have anything to say for yourselves? —Yes, there is one point ____ we must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D. / 6. Remember that there is still one point ______ we must make clear at the conference tomorrow. A. where B. why C. when D. that 7. We must reach a point _____ both sides will sit and reach the agreement. A. why B. where C. that D. when (六)、定语从句的主谓一致 1. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ______ in China. A. works B. is working C. are working D. has been working 2.He is the only one of the students, who____ a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been 七、定语从句中的省略 1. Do you know the man ______ just now? A. to who I nodded B. I nodded to C. whom I nodded D. Whom I nodded to him. 2. The radio set ______ last week has been out of order. 47. A. I bought B. I bought it C. which I bought it D