2012年12月最新大学英语四级（cet-4）阅读冲刺独家资料

2012年12月最新大学英语四级（cet-4）阅读冲刺独家资料 大学英语四级阅读冲刺独家资料 ——黄涛 Part IV深度阅读(Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) 选词填空做题步骤和技巧,~ 1,羞15仝望词, ” ............................,..,.....,..,....................,.,一 O 2,回到压文,边读边做题, , 。 3,选词依据是____ 。 4,注意一致性,____ 。 5,不选望词的特点 。 SectionA :' . Questions 47 t0 56 are based on the following::passage.. .' . Some'years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly 47 to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was 48 to a little college French. I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, 49 unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up 50 and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable(相当大的) si i sat down to write a letter begging off(请求不去). Halfway through, a thought ran through(掠过) my mind: you can't leam if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment. There were some bad 52 . But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even 53 bookings, confident that somehow I will manage. The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition _54 . But each time you try something, you leam, and as the leaming piles up, the world opens to you. I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a _55 . And I know I'II go on doing such things. It's not because I am braver or more daring than others. I am not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can _56 wonders. A) accomplish B) advanced C) balloon D) claim E) constantly F) declare G) interviews H) limited I) manufacture J) moments K) news L) reduced M) regret N) scary ' O) totally 四级快速阅读方法, 1,先看题干,然后找出信号词,, 2,按段阅读,按段做题,快速查找出题的句子,并理解句义,、 3,回到题目,挑出正确答案。 Partll Reading Comprehension (Skimming and scanning) (15 minutes) . ' Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage qaickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet l. For questions l--7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked-A); B), C) and D). For questions 8--10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Super-size surprise Ask anyone why there is an obesity -epidemic and they will tell you that it's all down to eating too much and burning too few calories. T.hat explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it. Yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate(促成) such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. (DEarlier this year a review paper by 20 0besity experts set out the 7 most plausible altematiye explanations for the epidemic. Here they are; 1. Not enough sleep It is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat? Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more; according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.?Similarly,.the US Nurses' Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in tum gained more than those who slept 7. ?It's well known that obesity impairs sleepi so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses' study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may precipitate weight gain. Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the US slept tm average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fallen to under 7 hours, and the decline is mirrored roy the increase in obesity. 2. Climate control We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core -body temperatures pretty much constant regardless o.f what:s going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic(新 E4-4-k新的) rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy unless we are in the "thermo-neutral zone", which is increasingly where we choose to live andworK, There is no denying that ambient temperatures温度, have changed in the past few decades. Between 1970 and 2000, the average British home warmed from a chilly 13C t0 18C. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditionings rose from 23% t0 47% between 1978 and 1997. In the southem states - where obesity rates tend to be highest - the number of houses with air conditioning has shot up t0 71% from 37% in 1978. Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight? Sadly, there is some evidence that it does----at least with regard to heating.?Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy. 3. Less smoking Bad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us, and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that?nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to speed up your metabolic rate. Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,?they worked out that.people who had quit in the previous decade were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked . Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% ofnon-smokers and only 28%of smokers. 4. Genetic effects Your chances of becoming fat may be set, at least in part, before you were even bom. Children of obese mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life. Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring ofidentical mice fed a normal diet. Intriguingly, the effect persists for two or three generations. Grand-children of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally----so you fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived. 5. A little older... Some groups of people just happen to be fatter than others. Surveys carried out by the US National Center for Health Statistics found that adults aged 40 t0 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people.?Non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectrum: Mexican-American women are 30% more likely than white women to be obese, and black women have twice the risk. In the US, these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population. Between 1970 and 2000 the US population aged 35 t0 44 grew by 43%. The proportion of Hispanic-AWericans grew from under 5% t0 12.5% of the population, while the proportion of black Americans increased from 11% t0 12.3%. These changes may account for the increased prevalence of obesity. 6. Mature mums : Mothers around the world are getting older. In the UK, the mean age for having a first child is 27.3, compared with 23.7 in 1970 . Mean age at first birth in the US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 t0 24.9 in 2000. This would be neither here nor there if it weren't for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity. Results from the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's study found that the odds of a child being obese increase 14% for every five exW years of their mother's age,?though why this shquld be so is not eptirely clear. Michael Symonds at the university of Nottingham, UK, found that first-bom children have more fat than younger ones.?As family size decreases, firstboms account for a greater share of the population. In 1964, British women gave birth to an average of 2.95 children; by 2005 that figure had fallen t0 1.79. in the US in 1976, 9.6% of woman in their 40s had only one child; in 2004 it was 17.4%. This combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic. 7. Like marrying like Just as people pair off accordjng to looks, so they do for size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean and fat more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marrying like cannot account for any increase in -obesity.?But combined with others----particularly the fact that obesity is partly genetic, and that heavier people have more children-----it amplifies the increase form other causes. 1. What is the passage mainly about? A) Effects of obesity on people's health B) The link between lifestyle and obesity C) New explanations for the obesity epidemic D) Possible ways to combat the obesity epidemic 2. In the US Nurses' Health Study, women who slept an average of 7 hours a night _ A) gained the least weight B) were inclined to eat less C) found their vigor enhanced D) were less susceptible to illness 3. The popular belief about obesity is that _ A) it makes us sleepy B) it causes sleep loss C) it increases our appetite D) it results from lack of sleep 4. How does indoor heating affect our life? . A) It makes us stay indoors more B) It accelerates our metabolic rate C) It makes us feel more energetic D) It contributes to our weight gain 5. What does the author say about the effect of nicotine on smokers? A) It threatens their. health B) It heightens their spirits C) It suppresses their appetite D) It slows down their metabolism 6. Who are.most likely to be overweight according to Katherine Flegal's study? A) heavy smokers B) passive smokers C) those who never smoke D) those who quit smoking 7. According to the US National Center for Health Statistics, the increased obesity in the US is a result of A) the growing number of smokers among young people B) the rising proportion ofminorities(少数民族) in its population C) the increasing consumption of high-calorie foods D) the improving living standards ofthe poor people . ' 8. According to the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the reason why older mothers' children tend to be obese remains _ 9. According to Michael Symonds, one factor contributing to the obesity epidemic is decrease of 10. When two heavy people get married, chances of their children getting fat increase, because obesity is _ . Section B Passage One Questions 57 t0 61 are based on the following passage. Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the Website you've visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits. 园 In fact, it's likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girl-friend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen ---- the 21st century equivalent ofbeing caught naked. 园 Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it's important to reveal yourselfto friends, family and lovers at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs(碎 屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like.圈 In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret. The key question is: Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is "no." When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is "slipping away, and that bothers me." 园, But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people tum down a discount at tollbooths(收 费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acauisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(优惠卷) I园, But privacy does matter -- at least sometimes. It's like health: When you have it, you don't notice it. Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it. 57. What does the author mean by saying '.'the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked" (Lines 3-4, Para.2)? [A] People's personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge. [B] In the 21st century people try every means to look into others' secrets. [C] People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age. [D] Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology. 58. Whatiwould psychologists advise on the relationships between friends? [A] Friends should open their hearts to each other. [B] Friends should always be faithful to each other. [C] There should be a distance even between friends. [D] There should be fewer disputes between friends. 59. Why does the author say "we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret" (Line 5, para.3) [A] Modern society has finally evolved into an open society. [BJ People leave traces around when using modern technology. : [C] There are always people who are curious about others' affairs. . [D] Many search engines profit by revealing people's identities. 60. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection? [A] They change behaviors that might disclose their identity. [B] They use various loyalty cards for business transactions. [C] They rely most and more on electronic devices. [D] They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it. 61. According to the passage, privacy is like health in that [A] people will make every effort to keep it. [B] its importance is rarely understood [C] it is something that can easily be lost [D] people don't cherish it until they lose it. . Passage Two Questions 62 t0 66 are based on the following passage. No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late(已故的) Duchess of Windsor embodies(体现) much of the odd spirit of our times.囵 Being thin is deemed as such a virtue . The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes.囤 Consequently I have been on a diet for the better ---or worse ----part of my life. Being rich wouldn't be bad either, but that won't happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land leaving me millions of dollars. Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing(不 pA引人), if not repellent(it厌 ftj.).团 All religions have certain days when people refrain from (抑制住)eating, and excessive(过度的) eating is one of Christianity's.seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently~ most.people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was symbol of probable salvation(拯 救) and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being(健康). Today the opposite is true.- We have shifted to thinness as our new mark ofvirtue. The result is that being fat -or even only somewhat overweight --1固 is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength . I ..; l . 国, Our obsession with thinness is;calso.fuelled by health concems. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that in many cases being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way oflife and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem - too much fat and a lack of fiber(纤维) --- than a weight problem. The real concern then is not that we weigh too much but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough.园 It is actually hazardous if those who get or already are thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overalllife-style. Thinness can be,pure.vainglory(虚荣心). . 62. In the eyes of the author, an odd phenomenon nowadays is that [AJ the Duchess ofWindsor is regarded档ra womaniofvirtue [B] looking slim is a symbol ofhaving a large ;fortune [C] being thin is viewed as a much desired quality ' ' [D] religious people are not necessarily virtuous . 63. Swept by the prevailing trend, the author [A] had to go on a diet for the greater part ofher life. . EBl could still prevent herself from going off the track [C] had to seek help from rich distant relatives [D] had to wear highly fashionable clothes 64. In human history, people's views on body weight _ [A] were closely related to their religious beliefs : [B] changed from time to time [C] varied between the poor and the rich [D] led to different moral standards 65. The author criticizes women's obsession with- thinness EAl from an economic and educational perspective [B] from sociological and medical points ofview : [q from a historical.and religious standpoint . [D] in the light of(由于, ~-于)moralprmciples . 66. What's the author's advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness? [A] They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle. [B] They should be more watchful for fatal diseases. r;i . [C] They should gain weight to look healthy. * ' : . . [D] They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes. ;. .;' . Passage 3 Questions 67 t0 71 are based on the following passage. Global warming may or may.not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century;,but ----regardless of whether it is or isn't -----[~. we won't do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely they are to be observed. I因 Al Gore calls global warming an "inconvenient truth," as if merqly recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming, and --- without major technological br.eakthroughs - --we can't do much about it. . From 2003 t0 2050, the world's population is projected to grow from 6.4 billon t0 9.1 billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions(mainly, C02) wiLl be-42% higher in 2050.. B.ut that's too low, beCause societies that grow richer use more energy. ~We need economic growth unless we condemn the world's poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else's living standards. ~With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more then double by 2050. : . No govemment will adopt rigid restrictions-on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they're "doing something ". Consider the Kyoto Protoc01(京~F议定书). it allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn't. But it-hasn't reduced C02 emissions(up about 25% since 1990),园 and many signatories($-~国) didn't adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets. The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive reserareh and development program might find ways of breaking our dependence on fossil fuels or dealingi.with it. . ' '.匣口 The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has- become a moral problem when it's really an engineering one. The,inconvenient truth is that if we don't solve the engineering problem, we're helpless. i ;. 67. What is said about global warminglin,the first paragraph? : [A] It may not prove an environmen-tal crisis at all. ' [B] It is an issue requiring worldwide commitments. . [C] Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it. [D] Very little will be done to bring it under controlb . 68. According to the author's understanding, what is Al Gore's- view on global warmitig? [A] It is a reality'both people and politicians are unaware of. [B] It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconvemences. . [C] It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized. . [D] It is an area we actually have little knowledge about. 69. Greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050 because of_ . [A] economic growth [B] wasteful use of energy [C] the widening gap between the rich and poor [D] the rapid advances of science and technology 70. The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, _ [A] politicians have started to do something to better the situation [B] few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy use [C] reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warming [D] international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems 71. What is the message the author intends to convey? . [A] Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one. [B] The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technology. [C] The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs. [D] People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming. Key t0 67-71 DCABB Passage 4 Questions 72 t0 76 are based on the following passage. Intemet voting happens all the time, but usually it's confined to topics such as "Who is the cutest cast member of Party of Fivel"l囵 Soon, however, people will be able to cast their ballot for President on the Intemet. In March, Arizona Democrats will vote online in their state's presidential primary, and Florida and Washington are considering online voting. The military plans to allow a small test group of overseas soldiers to vote via the Internet this November. The Intemet voting is growing rapidly. There are civic(~-民 的)-engagement enthusiasts who see it as a way to prevent the drop in voter tumout. Then there are the Intemet fans, who think the Internet is going to change everything, so why not politics? ~Most important are the people who make the plan for developing software for online voting. Imagine the retail price of that software, then multiply it by every state and municipal government, and suddenly a lot of Internet capitalists develop a deeply felt concern for boosting voter turnout. 园 Some problems will arise. Hackers and some politicians could break into a voting database and make the secret ballot not so secret. A massive computer failure would have disastrous consequences. Just as serious, online voting could distort participation levels, at least, to the wealthy and cyber-connected. In the long run, however, online voting might make little difference. Since the 1960s, the govemment has made numerous attempts to energize nonvoters by making it easier for them to get to the polls, extending voting hours, lowering the voting age, etc. Still, voter turnout has decreased steadily.臣习 Political scientists believe the important cause is indifference and dislike to politics, not the inconvenience of voting. ~Putting a ballot on the Intemet might even further depress turnout by cheapening one of the holy ceremonies of democracy. "The business of democracy," says Curtis Gans, an analyst of voting behavior, "shouldn't be the same as getting your e-mail." 72. The word "ballot" in the second line in Paragraph l most probably mean _ [A] vote [B] ball [C]dance [D] voter 73. Intemet voting is growing rapidly most probably because _ . [A]some enthusiasts think it can prevent the decrease in voters' participation [B]Intemet fans regard ita possible way to change politics [C]some people view it as a profitable way to develop software for online voting [D]some capitalists are very much concerned about the voter tumout 74. Which ofthe following is NOT a problem that will arise in Intemet voting? [A]People will gain unauthorized access to a database. [B]Online voting system may be distorted. [C]Participants will be mainly wealthy and cyber-connected. [D]Computer failure may lead to terrible consequences. 75. According to political scientists, the important cause for decreased voter turnout is [A] the lack ofinterest in politics [B] the inconvenience ofvoting [C] the lack ofregulations [D] the limited voting hours 76. What does Curtis Gans think ofInternet voting? [A] Fewer and fewer people are interested in Intemet voting. [B] Internet voting is a natural behavior just like sending e-mail. [C] Government should make the polls easier for voters to get to. [D] It is not serious to vote by means ofthe Intemet. Key t0 72-76 ACBAD 课堂笔记,做完阅读理解后的做题顺序, 先做 一,最后做 ,,,,,,一O Part VI Translation(5 minutes) 翻译七大核心考点 一,倒装结构,把助动词be/do/have或情态动词can/will等提到主 语的前面, 1,We don't need an air-conditioning,____,我们也买不起,, 2,Not only________,工人们要求提高工资,,they wanted reduced hours as well. 3,Not until last year________,他才完成那个项目,, 4,We have been told that under no circumstances一____,我们不 能用办公室的电 话,for personal affairs. 鳞 漕 部分参考译文, 4. can we use office phones 5. Hardly had we entered the house 'u 6. can college students be allowed ' 7,Only in this way can we 8,so does his sister 9,as he likes her 10. neither did she lose her temper. 11. So alike were the twins/The twins were so alike 二,虚拟语气和情态动词的用法 12. We didn't know his phone number,____ 一,否则我们就给他 打电话了,, 1 3, 一,要不是他及时的帮助,,1 wouldn't have finished my work on 5, 一,我们刚跑进屋,when the rain began to pour down. 6,Only under special circumstances____ 一,大学生才被允许 y to take a make-up exam. 7, 一,只有这样我们才能,accomplish the task on time. 8,He likes music very much,____ 一,他妹妹也喜欢,, 9,Much____,尽管他非常喜欢她,,he does get annoyed with her sometimes. 10. She never laughed,____ ,也从不发脾气,, 11.____,那对双胞胎长得那么像,that few people could tell them apart. time. 14. It is high time the govemment 一一,采取有效的措施来解决 这一问题了、, 15. Frankly speaking, I'd rather 一,你眼下什么也不做,, 16. It is really a wonder car; if only一____,我有辆这样的车该多好 呀,, 17. We suggested that____,他带上雨伞,in case of rain. 18. Had I remembered to close the window,____,贼就进不来了,, 19. They____,一定是误了火车,,otherwise they should have arrived here 2 hours ago. 20. It is necessary that the students 一,做更多的练习,, 21. Our only request is that____,尽快解决这个问题,, 部分参考译文, 14. took effective measures to solve this problem 15. you did nothing at present 16.I had such a car 17. he bring his umbrella 18. the thief would not have broken in/entered 19. must have missed the train 20. should do more exercises 21. this problem (should) be settled/solved as soon as possible 二, 三,非谓语动词,做状语,定语,, 22.—— 一,面对失业的威胁,,the workers yielded,to(屈服 于)the management's requirement. 23. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people____-(}x 人际关系为基础的), 24.I hurried to the station,____ 一,结果却发现火车已经开走 了,,。 2 5,————,不知道下一步该怎么办,,she couldn't help crying. ’ 26. After school-.the kids went back home together,一 一,有说 有笑,, 27.____ 一,比赛失利了,,all the players felt very depressed. 28. It is very important for____ 一,大学生学好英语,, 29. It is no use/good____ 一,这样做,, 30.I really feel it stuffy(窒息的)here. Would you mind____,我打开窗 户,? 31. Most of them—— 一,禁不住哭了起来,on hearing the miserable story. 32. The neighbors have trouble____ 一,分辨出汤姆和他的孪生 兄弟,, 部分参考译文, 25. Not knowing what to do next 26. talking and laughing一 27. Having lost the game 28. college students to learn English well/grasp English. 29. in doing so 30. my opening the door 31. can't help crying 32. in telling Tom from his twin brother 四,名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句 3 3,——,据估计,that the earthquake has claimed more than 200 people's lives so far. 34. Nancy promised to marry John________,只要她得到父亲的同 意,, 35.________,他的所作所为,made us all very furious. 36.____ ,他为何不辞而别,is not yet known to anyone here. 37. He promised that________,一@匕决不会犯同样的错误了,, 38.Your resume should attract a would-be boss's attention by demonstrating ...:...............,.,..............:..,:...........,....,一, ,为什么你是某个特定职位的最佳人选,, 39, , , ,(只有那些不怕困难的x)have the chance to achieve success in their work. 40. Two men,____ 一,这两个人我以前都没见过,,came into my office. 41. Marry went to the cinema with her brother,________,对此我很 吃惊,, 部分参考译文,, 35. What he did 36. Why he left without saying goodbye 37. he wouldn't make the same mistake 38. why you are the best candidate for a specific position 39. Only those who are not afraid of difficulties/trouble 40. whom I have never met before 41. which surprised me much 五,固定短语 42. The baby is only five months and can't even talk, ,更不用 说跑了,, 43. What he said just now一 _,同问题几乎不相干,under discussion. 44; He went back to the classroom 一,以确保所有窗户都已关 好,, 45. She has a number ofleisure interests, but she never allows them一_______,妨碍自己 的工作,, 46. Opportunity often____(起重要作用)one's choice ofa career. 47._____,为了找到一份满意的工作,,one must know where his interest lies and what his abilityis. 48. It seems that telephone shortens the distance between people, and people一_(彼此 可以保持联系)by it, 49. You should____ 一,特别注意,what you will wear for an interview. 50. The local govemment will not hesitate to一 一,采取最严厉 的措施,against criminals. 部分参考译文, ‘44. to ensure that all the windows were closed 45. to get in the way of her own job/work 46. plays an important role/part in 47. In order tofind a satisfactory job 48. may keep in contact/touch with each other/one another 49. pay special attention to 50. take the most severe measures 六,特殊句型 51. ,你再小心也不为过,when you drive a car. 52. It is the boy's laziness that____,致使他考试不及格,, 53.I ,,宁愿读书,而不愿看电视,,the programs seem to be getting worse all the time. 54. Let him have his own way.________-,有什么意义,forcing him to do what he is reluctant to? 55. Our friendship will endure____,只要我们相互信任,, 56. Today,________,随着生活节奏的加快,,people usually do not have 江西霪滞过鄹飞警,,篮刀憎心“锄?融? as much time to write letters as before. 部分参考译文, 53. would rather read books than watch TV 54. What is the point of 55. as long as we trust each other 56. with the pace oflife speeding up 七,比较句型 57. The scene after the earthquake is -__,并不像我们所想象的那 么悲惨,, 58. The sales manager pointed out that his products were ,大 大地胜过其他人竹产 品、, 59. She is -____,也不是开车的料,Iam to fly a plane. 60. It is easier to一 一,染上坏习惯,than to get into good ones. 61. With the rise in population, the traffic in cities一 一,日益拥 挤,, 62. In handling an embarrassing situation,一——,没有什么比幽 默感更有帮助的了,, 部分参考译文 59. no more fit to drive a car than 60. fall into bad habits/slip into bad habits 61. becomes heavier and heavier 62. nothing can be more helpful thana sense of humor 八,翻译课堂讲解练习, Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 63. Soon after he transferred to the new school , Ali found that he had __j很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English. 64.If she had retumed an hour earlier,Mary______—,就不会被大 雨淋湿了,, 65. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are__—,更有可能增加体重,, 66.____,很多人所没有意识到的,is that Simon is a lover of sports and footballin particular. 67. The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is—— 一,与缺 乏锻炼密切相关, 九,翻译真题演练 2011年6月份四级翻译真题一 Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 68. The university authorities did not approve the regulation,—— ,也没有解释为什么,, 69. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she一 ,能被分配做另一项工作,, 70. John rescued the drowning child————,冒者自,已生命危险 1, 71. George called his boss from the airport but it一——,接电话的 却是他的助手,, 72. Although he was interested in philosophy,——,他的父亲说服 他,,majoring in law. 翻译参考译文, 68. nor did they make any explanation/ nor did they explain why .,. 69. could be assigned to another task 70. at the risk of his own life/ risking his own life 71. it turned out that his assistant answered the phone/ it was his assistant who answered the call. ,‘ , ’ ,、 72. his father talked him/ persuaded.hina ilito 2011年12月份四级翻译真题二 , 73,Charity groups organized various activities to一 ,为地 震幸存者筹款,。 74. Linda二—二 一,不可能收到我的电子邮件,,otherwise, she .would have replied. 75. It's my mother一,,一直在鼓励我不要灰心,when-l have cjifficulties in my studies. 。 4j 76,The publishing house has to ,考虑这部小说的受欢迎程 度,。, 77. It is absolutely wrong to————,仅仅以金钱来定义幸 福,,。 , , 翻译参考译文, 73. to raise money for the survivors ofthe earthquake. , , + + } 74. couldn't have received my e-mail 75. who{that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart ? 、 ,‘ , 76. consider the popularity ofj this noyel. ..i . J, , ,、 ‘ c 77. define happiness only by money 课堂核心笔记, ’?^, 一 ‘'I 。,L 。 一,听力做题秘诀, , 1 _’ ‘、 ’, , ',, i 欢迎同学们登陆黄涛博客,blog.sina.com.cn/huangtaokaoyan去 积极阅读相关 博文并踊跃提问。 衷心祝愿广大同学四级考试一考而过，咱们考研班上不见不散 暑 。 ,一 j i 、,。 ‘ + 一M Yellow 。一 一 .2012年5月 写作部分 编讲商志 主讲介绍, ?高等教育出版社高分英语系列丛书盛编妒-f‘考研路上最不四错过 的一位英语老师辨, ?人生规划大师,考研英语辅导史上划时代的人物,考研英语辅导 高分神话的缔造者 ?中国单词第一人,传奇考研英语满分写作创始人,硕士研究生入 学考试英语首席主 讲,应试之王 ?直取本质、彻底破解,主讲的考研英语基础班、强化班、写作班、 全程班等创造了 多项他人无法打破的记录 一,-“一 11”1 ’ 第一节 历年作文真题 2011年 12月 Nothing Succeeds Witltout a Strong Will Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write ct short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a SNong Will by commenting on the-humorous sayirig,-" Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I ' ve done it hundreds of times " . You should write at least 120 words but no more than_180 words. 2011年6月 Online Shopping 1,现在网上购物已成为一种时尚 2,网上购物有很多好处,但也有不少问题 3,我的建议 2010年12月 How Shoulllts Help.Children to Be Independent? 1- ,-妻P,硼 1,目前不少父母为孩子包办一谚 2,为了让孩子独立,父母应该…… 2010年6月 Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling 1,,。如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写 2,,出现这种现象的原因是…… 3,为了改变这种状况,我认为… - 2009年12月 Creating a Green Campus 1,建设绿色校园十分重要 2,绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境…… 3,为了建设绿色校园,我们应该…… 2009年6月 Free Admissions to Museums? 1, 越来越多的博物馆现在免费向公众开放,目的是…… 2, 有人认为这样做会带来一些问题 3, 在我看来…… 2008年12月 Limitling the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags 1.-次性塑料袋曾广为使用 2,由此带来的问题 3,限制一次性塑料袋的意义 2008年6月 Recreational Activities 1,娱乐活动多种多样 2,娱乐活动可能使人们受益,也可能带来危害 3,作为大学生,我认为…, 2007年12月 What Electives to Choose 1,各大学为学生开设多种多样的选修课 2,学生出于各种原因选择不同的选修课 3,以我自己为例… 2007年6月 通知 Welcome to Our Club 1,本社团的主要活动 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 2,参加本社团的好处 3,如何加入本社团 第二节 段落 模板 个人简介word模板免费下载关于员工迟到处罚通告模板康奈尔office模板下载康奈尔 笔记本 模板 下载软件方案模板免费下载 The past few years has witnessed the emergence of a widespread social phenomenon, that is, more and more young people ignore the responsibility oflooking after their aged parents. This issue, no doubt, has been brought into public concem immediately. Among the media, we can find bulk of relevant discussions. Obviously this is a topic that most people are not only interested in, but also hold opinion about. 2,观点型 When it comes to the popular trend oflong public holidays, a~ehement discussion has come up among the general public. A majority of people are in strong favor of taking long holidays while still some people argue that this holiday style is not suitable for a developing country like China. In my opinion, the benefits oflong holidays outnumber its disadvantages in various ways. Is this phenomenon a blessing or a curse? The followinglist of advantages and disadvantages can explain everything. It is no difficult job for us to come up with some possible factors that underlie the above complicated phenomenon (event / changes). For one thing, .... ... For another, ..'. Besides, an important factor worth our concem is that ... Why should this phenomenon take place? There are generally three factors accounting for it. 3,不同观点 第三段 1,发 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 看法 2,提出建议 Considering the current issue, we should call for some immediate actions imposed by the authorities(universities). In other words, our govemment of various levels (they) must make relevant plans or rules to guarantee a proper order and justice. Besides, as citizensl we should also be aware that any prompt solution is of benefit to all. Therefore, it's the duty of ordinary people to actively participate in the action. 第三节 篇章模板 一、对比观点型 Some tend to claim that , 观点一 一,They point out that 理由一 一,Additionally, 理由=-,(A case in point goes to一____L 举例-,) Therefore, 小结____一 On the contrary, others hold the view that 观点 二 ,They argue that 理由二 一,What's more,_ 理由二 ,(—__——一 _ may serve as a convincing illustration.一 举 例 ) Accordingly,一 小结_ ___L I am strongly convinced that 我的观点 。The reason is that 理由一 ,And also, 理由二____,So, 总结自己的观点 , 二、说明利弊型 Whenever we hear people say that 主题_ ___,we'Ilinstantly have the idea that it is a good/bad thingo Indeed, 主题 _has many advantages to 某人 一,We can take 举例 for an example. lt will benefit 好处一 一,In addition,_ 好处二 , Given all these advantages, it does have a variety of disadvantages. First of all, 坏处一____,Moreover, 坏处二__, To sum up the above arguments,I think a proper attitude towards 主题 is that 我的观点 , 三、解决方法型 Nowadays, people in mounting .numbers are concerned about the problem that . Indeed, the past few years has witnessed the growing incidence of such happenings. It's so widespread that a great deal of attention is being paid today to such a trend. (The mass media and the general public have focused on the advantages of this phenomenon, but few have looked at the side-effect.) Many have figured out many ways to solve the problem. ( Confronted with问题, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.) Firstly,法一。 Secondly,解决方法二。 Personally,I believe-that我IYJ方法o ( To me, I am taking two ways to solve the problem of问题o ) One-ofthemis我的方法a The other wayis方法二o By now my ways have been working perfectly and efficiently. 四节 话题与例文 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 Exercise l: Scientific Discoveries, Curse or Blessing ? Scientific Discoveries, Curse or Blessing ? As the science develops, there has been a strong debate on what on earth scientific discoveries can bring to our society, curse, or blessing? Nowhere in history- has the issue of whether scientific discoveries can-contribute to happiness or disaster been talked about so much as in our society today. . When it comes to the pros and cons of scientific discoveries, opinions differ owing to their respective point of view and divetse backgrounds. The majority of people may claim that scientific discoveries are blessings. To them, scientific discoveries do enjoy an indispensable role in every part of our life- ani:l society, and the past decades has witnessed dramatic changes in our county, where all people are liVing a well-offlife. However, still others argue that the revuse seems to be the case. The scarcity of resources; deforestation, greenhouse effect, and the list goes on, they do believe, are the aftermath of scientific discoveries. Just as the proverb goes, '"every coin has two sides" , there is likely some truth in both arguments. Yet, personal experience and actual observation convince me that the benefits fr6m scientific discoveries outweigh the-harms. Judging from all arguments.offered above, we can safely arrive at the conclusion that if we can make full use of the scientific discoveries to serve our society, life and work, and meanwhile, do our utmost to avoid their side-e虢cts, we wrll surely benefit tremendously from them. Only when the problems attaehed to the; scientific discoveries are well handled can we maintain a harmonious and prosperous society. . . ' With the rapid development of the nowadays society, there.has been a strong debate on scientific discoveries, which are, virtually, of great controversy. (或: What on earth can scientific diSCOveries bring to us? With the rapid development of the nowadays society, there has been a strong debate on whether scientific discoveries, which are, virtually, of great controversy, are curse or blessing.) ' When it comes to this topic, c)pinjons vary owing to people's respective point of view and djverse backgrounds. Most people tend to. claim that scientific disqoyeries are of great benefit. To them, scientific discoveries not only make their lives more comfortable, but also make their work more effective. What's more, it is scientific discoveries that prompt considerably the development of society. Yet,. still others argue that the;reyerse seems to be the case. Scientific discoveries are , they believe ,not so. optimistic ..They maintain that many discoveries are employed by the evil to develop things such as weapons which have threatened people's life and work, and the environment is ruined fiercely too. However, personal experience and actual observation convince me that scientific discoveries have advantages as well as disadvantages, just as every coin has two sides. On my part, great importance should be attached to the proper use of scientific discoveries. As long as we take advantage of the scientific discoveries to serve our society, life and work, and meanwhile, strive to avoid their side-effects, we will surely benefit tremendously from them. Exercise 2: Directions: Migrant workers cbrF地民工) have made a great contribution to the prosperity of cities. In this part, you are to write within 40 minutes a composition of 200 words about "The Role of Migrant Workers". You can agree and/or disagree, completely or partially to above statement. But no matter which position you take, you should give sound supporting reasons. As is known to all, migrant workers have made a great contribution to the prosperity of cities. They are an indispensable part of our work force. Most of them work on construction sites. There is no doubt that without migrant workers many of the construction projects would have to be held up for lack of manpower. In addition, a large number of migrant workers are a beneficial factor, which enhances the consumption of food and daily items. This in tum helps to develop food industry and service trades in cities. All these are positive aspects of migrant workers in cities. However, as a popular saying goes, "Everything has two sides". The same is the case with migrant workers. Firstly, most of them are not well educated and professionally trained. Some of them have had very little schooling. As you know, illiterate people, who are usually ignorant of the law, tend to make trouble, thus endangering social order. Secondly, most of the migrant workers swarm into big cities just to make money. Being illiterate or unskilled, some of them would stop at nothing to get what they are ambitious for. Therefore, they are a potential threat to the peace and stability of society. In my opinion, in the appraisal of migrant workers, it is one-sided to affirm everything or to negate everything. We should appreciate the great contribution made by them, and at the same time pay enough attention to the problems caused by them. Exercise 3 Recently, museums in mounting numbers become admission-free to the public both home and abroad. The purpose of this practice is to offer more opportunities for citizens to explore and get easy access to the world ofhistory, culture and knowledge。 Although free admission to museums enjoys distinct advantages, it also brings harmful effects. In the first place, these valuable cultural relics displayed may be damaged or destroyed consciously or unconsciously by the crowds. In the second place, it becomes a huge economic burden for museums to run as usual without any profits from the visitorS。 It is my view that free admission to museums is of utmost significance. For one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to legislate strict laws and regulations to protect these museums. For another, we should cultivate the awareness of people that museums are extremely vital to us humans. It is high time that we attached great importance to our motherlands' splendid and glorious culture of more than five thousand yearS。 Nowadays, an mcreasing number of museums are admission-free to visitors home and abroad. The hidden reason behind this is not hard to analyze as there's a growing awareness for the authorities regarding the urgency of popularization of culture, knowledge and history with every average person in our society. Only with free access to this live 6database', can most people fully enjoy what museums could offer to them。 However, free admission to museums might lead to some social problems as well. The most obvious problem is that it might give museums a very heavy economic burden which directly impedes the sustainable development of these organizations. As a result, our govemment has to work out other ways to collect funds from different channels, which might be difficult to operate or control. On the other hand, free admission attracts too many visitors, some of which might not be well purposed and do some conscious or unconscious damage to the valuable treasures which used to be well-preserved in the museumS。 As a university student, I am in favor of the free-admission conduct. Yet it is proposed that some measures should be taken to solve the potential problems caused by it. For example, museums can make some regulations to guide the behavior of visitors or set some 'closed' days for museums for regular maintenance. Only in this way can free-admission to museums become a long-lasting p,henomenon and have sustainable development。 Exercise 3: Are Big Cities the Best Choice for Young People? Should young people settle down in first-front cities for a subsistence? Some hold it that it is of great benefit to their career development. While others take a different stand, arguing middle-sized cities are more suitable. On my part, big cities may seem ideal, but conditions and potentials of areas out ofbig cities also deserve special attention. First, big cities usually have a higher requirement of their residents in various aspects like educational background, living skills, personal capabilities. Second, the authority set many limitations to newcomers in terms of household register, availability of education and welfare, etc. Also, big-city dwellers are confronted with huge pressure from the fast pace of work and material interpersonal relationships. By contrast, situations of medium and small size are different. People live cosily and less competitively. And with the booming economy and development, these places tend to hold considerable adva,ntages and opportunities for younS people. To put in into a nutshell, opportunities exist everywhere, regardless of different regions, what matter is what we choose whether really satisfies us in the true sense. . .l . Exercise 4: On Studying Abroad . . . .,'l On Studying abroad ' ' When talked about the issue studying abroad, some 'hold that it is not good for teenagers. However, others believe that it's a good opportunity to learn more things. Personally, I'm standing on the second view. Studying abroad will bring immense benefits for us. First, with no one wake our up for breakfast and no laundry, it develop our ability of independence: 'Second, it pro访des a good circumstance for us to learn a foreign lfrnguage, and will broaden our horizon to understand the local culture. Third, witltmore extra curricular activities; it's better for us to develop creativity. While it also has some disadvantage aspects. ^On one hand, the tuition is so high that some famjlies can't afford it. On the other hands, the students are under an uncqntrolled situation, whether they study or not totally depends on themselves. . . . Taking all these factors into consideration, I hope that everyone will have the chance to study abroad. And every student should cherish the opportunity when studying abroad. On Studying Abroad . The recent time has witnessed that a growing numberiof people choose to study abroad, even including a few children who are set abroad by their parents. The issue on Study Abroad js highly debatable, and ideas vary from person to person. As for me, I prefer to the view that studying abroad is a good choice. Firstly, studying abroad can develop their independence of thinking and living. Much problems are settled by themselves' In addition to, students have more opportunities to practise speaking foreign language. During this t.ime, they could make friends who come from different countnes. The last but not least,.attracted by other countries' culture and custom, they are able to spread their own tradition at the same time. As far as I'm concemed, every. coin has two sides. You'd better study abroad if permitted, However, studying abroad-or not is up to you. . 附录, { 》、1+ 考试年度 考研 六级 四级 短文,旅程之”余”,环 保意识 2011.12成功的途2011.12没有坚 2011 薄弱,呼吁, 径 定的 意志不会成功 应用文写作,信,推2011.06证书考试 荐影片与 热 2011.06网购 理由, 短文,文化l、、火锅”,2010.12对大学排2010 .12父母应 、 既美味又 名的 该如 'r 营养 看法 何帮助孩子独立 2010 应用文,通知,招募2010.06应该足够2010.06应该重 大会志愿 重视 视英 者, 中文学习 文拼写 』一 r 2009.12家长是2009.12建设”绿 短文,网络的”近”否应该 色”校 与、、远” + r... 送孩子参加各种园 2009 艺术班 ' 应用文。信,给报 2009.06对博物 社主编,,,反 2009.06名字或名馆免 映白色污染问题, 称是 费开放的看法 否重要 短文,你上条腿,我2008:12怎样提高 、1。 一条腿,‘ 大学 2008,12限制使 你我一起,走南闯北 -生的心理健康 用_ ’1~一 次性塑料袋 2008 ’ 『‘ , ‘ 2008.06-电 应用文,信,给房东,子图书会取 2008.06娱乐活 道歉并, 代传统图书动 提出建议,’“, 吗‘ 1 短文,自信的重要 2007.12数字化2007,12选择选1 ? 性 ,, 时代 修课 2007…+ ,2, 应用文,信,给图书2007.06做好事时2007.06欢迎加 馆,n提高 应该 入我 ? J 服务质量, 。,期待得到回报们的俱乐部 , 1 吗 2006.12阅读经典 短文,偶像崇拜 书籍 2006:12关于春 J _ 晚 2006 的重要性, 应用文,信,给希望 工程,认 2006.06人们选彝2006.06关于学 捐资助孩子愿出境 生自 望, , , 游的原因和影响” 选任课教师 “ 【2007年6月真题】 完型部分 编讲商志 Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part oflife. In particular, when older patients 47 0f pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to leam to live with it. Times have changed. Today, we take pain 48 . Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in 49 a person's well-being. We know that chronic,慢性的, pain can disrupt (扰fL) a person's life, causing problems that 50 from missed work to depression. That's why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians wh0 51 in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social 52 _related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often 53 the work of social workers, psychiatrists(一Cp理医生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine. This modem 54 for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a 55 number ofdrugs available, and many ofthem caused 56 side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself. [A]result [F]issues . [K]gravely [B] involves [G] seriously [L] complained [C] significant [H] magnificent [M] respect [D] range [ I] determining [N] prompting [E] relieved [J] limited [O] specialize 【2007年12月真题l As war spreads to many comers of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education 47 .The children, after leaming to resolve conflicts, took on the 48 0f peacemakers. The Children's Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated(提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children 49 is peacemakers studied human rights an poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools ofPeace. The classroom 50_opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with 51 , peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step 52 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are 53 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and 54 0n staring a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children's rights and how to help the _ 55 _of war. Starting a Peacemakers' Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms an ideally affect the culture ofthe 56 school. [A] acting [F] especially [K] projects [B] assuming [G] forward [L] respectively [C] comprehensive [H] images [M] role [D] cooperative [I] information [N] technology [E] entire [J] offers [O] victims 【2008年6月真题】 I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, 49 unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up 50 and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable_51 I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought can through my mind: you can learn if you don 't们,. So I accepted the assignment. There were some bad 52 . But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guiders or even 53 bookings, confident that somehow I will manage. The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition 54 . But each time you try something, you learn, and as the leaming piles up, the world opens to you. I've leamed to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a 55 . And I know I'II go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'II accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can 56 wonders. [A] accomplish [F] declare [K] news [B] advanced [G] interviews [L] reduced [C]balloon [H]limited [M]regret [D] claim [ I] manufacture [N] scary [E] constantly [Jl moments roi tn协11v 【2008年12月真题】 A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth oflife. They meet the natural_47 for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type ofbook, for the satisfaction oftheir need. Readers Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly 47 to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was _ 48 to a little college French. turn 48 to books because their curiosity conceming all manners of thjngs, their -eagemess to share in the experiences of others and their need to_ 49 from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mjnd and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a 50 0f human:experiences and come t0 51 0ther ways of thought and living..And while_52 their own relationships and responses.to.-life , the readers often find that the 53 in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to- their own.. Books provide 54 material for readers'imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. Wliile enriching their imagination, books_55 their.outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use.leisure. 56 The social and .educational significance of the readers' books cannot be overestimated in an academic library. . : ; [A] abundant [F],desire [K] naturally . . [B] characters [G] diversity [L] personnel: . [C] communicating [H] escape [M] properly [D] completely [ I] establishing [N] respect ' .I [E]derive . [J]narrow . 'l . .[O]widen" . 3 ' 【2009年6月真题】 Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments 47 it. They find the writing process 48 and difficult. How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write -in it一 _49 English, with its rich vocabulary Being able to speak but not write is like living in an_ 50 mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room. When I meet students who think they can't.wnte, I know as a teacher my 51 is to show them the rest of the rooms. My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity t0 52 ' the moral and emo'tional . f -' ,tudentswnteinajournalin development of my students. One great way to do this is by having sttu class every day. Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done 53 ,just like exercise; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise, writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after only a few weeks ofjournal writing . Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole students. When my students practice joumal writing, they are practicing for their'fiiture academic, political, and 55 lives. They build skiiIs so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their joumals puts them a step 56 to fluency, eloquence,雄 辩,, and command oflanguage [A]closer [F]especially ,' [K]profession ' [Bldaily [GJhinder ' ' [L]remarkably . [C]"emotiorial [H] mission' [M] require ' [D] enhance ['I] painful ' . [N] sensitive [E]enormous ' [J]performance . [O]urge 【2009年12月真题】 In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child's language development thafi ruothers, a new study suggests. Researchers 47 92 families form 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall,秘 was a group of well-educated middle;-class families, with matried parents both living in the home. When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions with both parents, 48 all of their speech. The study will appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied DevelopmentaIPsychology. ' . The scientists measured the 49 number of utterance,话语, of the parents, the number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 50 0f their speech. On average, fathers..spoke less than mothers didj but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked. Finally, the researchers_ 51 _the children's speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother's level of education, the 52 of child care and the number of different words the father used. The researchers are 53 why the father's speech, and not the mother's, had an effect. "It's well 54 that the mother's language does have an impact,"said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author ofthe study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had 55 had a strong influence on their children's speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, "or it may be that mothers are 56 _in a way we didn't measure in the study." . [A]ialready . [F]describing . [K]recruited . [13] analyzed . .. [G] estab.lished , [L] total .[C]aspects . [H]quality [M]unconscious [D] c~aract~s . [ I] quoted [N] unsure [E] contributing , [J] recording [O] yqt . . 【2 010年6月真题】 When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones - the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be 47 wasteful to tear them all down and 48_them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the 49 carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest 50 , the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and 51 our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president ofthe National Trust. . With some 52 , the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efftcient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after. 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that 53 0ver time and let in more outside air. Fortunately, there are a 54 number of relatively simple changes that .can green older homes, from 55 0nes like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades(升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help 56 property owners from rising power costs. [A] accommodations [F] historic [K] replace [B] clumsy [G] incredibly [L] sense [C] doubtfully [H] powering [M] shifted . [D]exceptions [I]pro.tect [N]supplying . [E] expand [J] reduced [O] vast [2010年 12月真题】 What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction ofyour genes and the environment in which you were_47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 _activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important _ 49 _to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior. Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can. 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the_ 53 _to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science_54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are bom 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning. [A] abilities . . [F] displayed [K]proceeds [B] achieve . [G] essentially [L] psychological . [C] appeal : [H] eventually ' [M] raised { [D] complaints [ I] extent [N] smart . [E] contributions [J] indicates ' [O] standard [2011年 6月真题I The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday. While elderly people 47 to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) 48 effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research. . Sean Drummond, a psychiatrist,心理医生, at the University of California, San Diego, said that older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping 49 straight through the night. More sleep in old age, however, is 50 with better health, and most older people would feel better and more. 51 _ifthey slept for longer periods, he said. "The ability to sleep in one chunk(整块时间) ovemight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need t0 52 well does not change," Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego. "It's 53 a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were 54 . Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from 55 to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's 56 from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount we need at 75." [A] alert [F] definitely [K] mixed [B] associated [G] different [L] negative [C] attracting [H] efficiently [M] sufficient [D] cling [I] formally [N] tend [E] continuing [J] function [O] younger [2011年 12月真题】 With the world's population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers, businesses and govemments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure(基础设施) and jobs. Underlying all this 47 way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning. [A] abilities . . [F] displayed [K] proceeds [B] achieve : . ' [G] essentially [L] psychological . [C] appeal . : [H] eventually ' [M] raised ; [D] complaints [ I] extent [N] smart . [E] contributions [J] indicates [O] standard [2011 rf- 6 fJ J~-~~] The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday. While elderly people 47 to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) 48 effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research. . Sean Dnuumond, a psychiatrist (,CJ,:F2_~ {:t) at the University of California, San Diego, said that older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping 49 straight through the night. More sleep in old age, however, is 50 with better health, and most older people would feel better and more. 51 _ifthey slept for longer periods, he said. "The ability to sleep in one chunk ~t~Ftlhl) ovemight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to_52_well does not change," Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego. "It's 53 a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were 54 _. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from 55 to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's 56 from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount we need at 75." [A] alert [F] definitely [K] mixed [B] associated [G] different [L] negative [C] attracting [H] efficiently [M] sufficient [D] cling [I] formally [N] tend [E] continuing . [J] function [O] younger [2011 Lf- 12 h #-~~] With the world's population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers, businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure(~-aHu3?tti&) and jobs. Underlying all this 47 will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years. Finding the resources to meet this demand in a 48 , sustainable way is the cornerstone(~-石) of our nation's energy security, and will be one ofthe major_ 49 _ofthe 21st century. Altemative forms of energy - bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few - are 50 being funded and developed, and will play a growing 51 in the world's energy supply. But experts say that, even when 52 , altemative energy sources willlikely meet only about 30% ofthe world's energy needs by 2050. For example, even with 53 investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development 54 in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important altemative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels 55 0nly about l% ofthe market today. i Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of_ 56 - both traditional and altemative. [A] stable [F] marvelous [K] comprise ,. [B] solutions [G] included [L] competitions [C] significant [H] growth [M] combined [D] role [ I] exactly [N] challenges [E] progress [J] consist [O) certainly 英语应试教学学习方法、高分战略 请登录商志老师新浪微博,商志考研英语 大学英语 四级冲刺讲义 编讲,商志 完形填空部分补充资料 根据考试大纲,完型填空,英语知识运用,满分占710分的10%。 其主要形式是在一 篇约300词的文章中留出20个空白,要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案,使 补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。 为了保证测试的效度和信度,完形填空的题目在设计时并非拿来一篇短文随便去掉几个 词,而是会遵循一定的要求和准则, 完形填空的测试点及解题方法从表面来看,就是要求 考生把每个句子中删掉的词恢复出来。而实际上,完形填空综合了词汇、结构以及阅读理解 部分的测试内容。它不仅测试考生在词汇和句子水平上运用语言的能力,还测试考生在语篇 上综合运用语言结构的能力。完形填空中所填的词是与文章的上下文紧密联系的。 要做好完形填空,必须要在通读全文、把握结构与大意的前提下,根据所提供的选项及 句子的结构、语法、语篇等信息,通过逻辑推理、选项对比等手段最后确定答案。 一、完型填空的测试点和解题步骤, 1,测试点完型填空的特点 完形填空考试首先测试考生对篇章的理解能力。虽然所 给出的文章被扣出去20个词,但是整篇文章的内容仍是可以理解的。如果考生不能理解文 章内容,就难以将正确的词填入文中。这也就是完型填空题与以单句形式考核词汇和语法的 实体的根本区别。由此可见,考生在作题时必须时刻从上下文考虑,不应该只看到所填的词 在短语或句子内是否可行。因此,在作题时最好将全文通读一下,了解了全文的意思以后再 做题。 完形填空考试还测试考生使用词汇和语法结构的能力。文章中留出的每一个空 格要求填入一个词。考试大纲规定,“填空的词项包括结构词和实义词”。结构词,也称虚词, 有代词、冠词、介词、连词、关系词等,主要是表示语法结构关系的,在选用结构词时便需 要考虑在语法上是否恰当。对实义词,名词、形容词、数词、动词和副词,的选择既要看其 意思用在句中是否得当,也要看它与其他词的搭配关系是否合适。 完型填空题测试点 主要在语法、词汇、背景知识、综合几方面。 语法题包括词序、结构词,连词、介词的搭配,、动词词形,时态、语态、语气、动名 词、不定式、分词,、不定代词的用法、比较级的使用。这类题的选择一般在句子里就可做 出正确判断。 词汇题一般是实义词,包括名词,词组,、形容词、副词等,不仅包括它们的同义词、 近义词,而且还包括词的搭配、习惯用法。选择时要根据上下文,甚至在通篇理解的基础上, 往往不能根据一句话做出准确的选择,要防止“见树不见林”的现象。 背景知识题主要是考查读者的常识。有时文章中提供的信息并不够,还需要与读者头 脑中储存的一般知识信息结合起来考虑,最后做出符合常识的最佳选择。当然,试题的设计 者应尽量避免这类题的出现,因为它已超出了语言考查的范围。 综合题在完型中也占一定的比例。特别是在近几年考试中,这种题的出现加大了试题的 难度,它往往在一道题中对词汇和语法同时进行了考查。 2,解题步骤 (1)细读首句、启示全文。完型填空所选文章通常没有标题,考生在阅读中一定要仔 细研读文章开头的一、两句,以判断文章体裁,推测文章大意,为后面的阅读扫清障碍。开 头的一两句往往不设空格,能揭示文章的背景知识或主题思想。考生在第一遍阅读中,要善 于从文章开头的几句话中把握短文的背景、主题或结构,并结合常识判断构建一定的预期, 并在随后的阅读中,不断修正,以求与原文一致。 (2)通读全文,掌握大意。先要“硬着头皮”通读整篇文章,把短文从头到尾快速阅读一 至两遍,以弄清文章的大意和结构,确立正确的背景知识。第一遍阅读时,须跳过空格、不 看选项、快速阅读,要注意找出关键词。抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索,进而理解全文, 此时选填就不会是胡猜乱填。通读全文进而掌握大意是做好“完型填空”的前提。 (3)读第二遍,看前后,代入法。在掌握了短文大意之后,才可边读短文边选择答案。 在阅读过程中,对空格前后已给出的信息作深入分析,寻找线索,然后结合选项,确定正确 答案。整个做题过程中,要注意两点,一是牢记文章的中心思想,每个空白处的含义与前后 句的意思要联系起来理解。而且也不要忘记首尾照应,不仅仅要注意首句,也要注意尾句, 有时会起到画龙点睛的作用,二是做题时,要先选出那些只根据上下文就能确定的、直接的、 明显的答案,诸如固定词组、常见句型等。这就增强了信心,减轻了心理压力,且空格越来 越少,对文章的理解也越来越轻松,有时就能从下文的线索和暗示中 找到答案,这样再回过 头来选上答案即可。 有50V0左右的题,从单一的句子本身就能确定答案。还有约50%的题,从单纯的句子来考 虑,我们会发现四个选项均可,这时就要从宏观上考虑,也就是从空白处所在的全段甚至整 篇入手,寻找线索,就能排除其它三个,找到正确答案……一一这种题不仅考察考生的基本语 言知识,词组、搭配,,还考察考生对文章内容的整体把握,段落的一致性和连贯性,。 如果是语法问题,不仅要考虑时态、语态,还要考虑整个词法、句法。如果是语义问题, 要从上下文分析,依据短文自身完整的语言环境进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。 (4)复核全文,再读一遍。题目填完后,除个别难度较大的题目外,,考生应利用一 到两分钟将答案带入原文通读一遍。通读的目的是通过“语感”来检查是否前后贯通、 内容清楚、主题突出。这样读下来,不仅可以改正填错的词,而且还可以在这一过程 中得到启发,把做不上来的题目填出来。 复读过程中,如果有某些地方意义含混或矛盾,就应该依据文章的 中心意思来重新考虑。 凡不通之处,必有待推敲的疑点。应从意义和语法两个角度仔细权衡,加以改正。从语法上, 检查一下所完成的句子是否主谓一致,时态、语态是否正确,句词、代词的性、格是否一致, 动词、形容词、名词与介词的搭配是否准确无误。对于个别难度较大的空项,可以凭着自己 的语感,坚持第一感觉选择的答案。 二、完型填空解题技巧 完形填空是一种综合测试方式。考生要准确补全文章空白处,使其意义连贯,应实现四 种类型的语篇衔接,即语义衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接和惯用衔接。要实现这四种衔接,考 生可根据上下文的逻辑关系,或依据一些线索词来完成。以下将从词汇、语法、语篇三个层 面介绍一下这四种衔接的特点、反映在试题上的考点及其做题技巧。 ,一,词汇 1,利用动词词组中的介词或副词确定正确选项 如果我们认识某一词组,可根据自己的判断毫不犹豫地选择你认为是正确的选项。如果 不认识或拿不准它们的意义,我们可以根据动词后边的介词或副词进行推导。 2,利用固定搭配或习惯用语 对各种短语、固定词组和惯用语的测试所占的比例相当大。测试范围包括动词短语、动 词与其他词语构成的习语、介词短语、形容词短语等。这类词组主要是习惯性和固定搭配用 法,不能主观臆测,也不能随意创造,只能靠平时精读课文和做 练习题 用券下载整式乘法计算练习题幼小衔接专项练习题下载拼音练习题下载凑十法练习题下载幼升小练习题下载免费 时的积累。 3,根据邻近原则,利用词语意义的互相联系,确定选择的依据。 , (1)选项为名词时,其前后的名词为选择的依据。 (2)选项为动词、动词词组,包括动名词、动词的分词形式,时,其前后的动词、名 词、介词为选择依据。 , (3)选项为形容词时,可以其前后出现的名词、动词、副词、介词为依据。 (4)选项为副词时,其前后出现的动词、形容词、副词为判断依据。 ’ ,二,语法 熟悉历年考题中常出现的语法考点。 分析前后分句间的逻辑关系,进行逻辑推理,从而确定正确选项在完型填空中,句子间 的逻辑关系主要包括, 表示并列关系的连接词有and,while等。 表示转折关系的连接词有but,however,though,whereas, nevertheless,although,yet, on the contrary,otherwise,on the other hand,after all,for all,still,notwithstanding等。 表示顺序关系的连接词有before,after,and,to begin With,first,firstly,second,secondly, 出en, next, finally, andsoon等。 , : ., 表示解释关系的连接词有that is to say,in other words,to'.put it another way等。 表示因果关系的连接词有so,therefore,thus,because, accordingly,as a result, consequently, hence, forthisreason, for, since, as等, ‘ , 表示让步关系的连接词有though,although,despite,,,in spjte of, after all,even though, even i,while,whereas等。 一 , 表示条件关系的连接词有it,unless,onc.e,provided that,in case (of)等q 表示附加说明、例证的连接词有likewise, similarly,ina like mannet,for example,for instance, incidentally, indeed, in fact, in other words, in particular. specifically, that is, to illustrate 等。 表示概括总结的连接词有so,in brief,in short,in conclusion,in a word,on the whole, generally speaking, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude等。 ,三,语篇 1,利用句中的释义、同位替代或定语解释 在阅读过程中碰到意义不清的词语,有时句子本身就包含一些线索,如同义、反义关系、 定义、比喻、同位语、举例、归纳、归类等等,考生要学会在句中找出这些线索,从而更好 地理解短文内容。 2,通过理解上下文语义,根据相关线索词,尤其是连接词,作逻辑推理 (1)原因、结果,表示某一事物发生的原因。表示原因的连词写在表示原因的句子内, 结果连词用来连接某一事物所引起的结果。表达原因、结果的常用词或词组有,because,smce, as, due to the factthat, so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as aresult, as a consequence, now that, in that等。 (2)转折、让步,它表示后一种观点或事实与前一种观点或事实相比有些出乎意料。 常用的词或词组有,however,vet,but,anyhow,anyway,nevertheless,in spite of等。 (3)比较、对比,比较关系表示意义上的相似关系,对比关系表示意义上的不同或相 反。表达比较、对比的常见词和词组有,in comparison,by comparison,like,as,just as,in contrast, bycontrast, conversely, oppositely, onthecontrary, insteadof, ratherthan等。 (4)列举,指叙述一系列相关的事实、观点等。表示列举逻辑关系的可以是单词,也 可以是词组,常见的有,first (ly),second (ly),third (ly)…,first,next,then,last: one, two,three...; for one thing, for another thing...等。 (5)补充,表示对前一个事实或观点做进一步的阐述。表示这种逻辑关系的词或词组 常用的有,also,too,similarly,further,moreover,likewise,in addition,furthermore,what's more, not only...but also..., some...others...等。 3,根据上下文,寻找连接通篇的复现词语 词汇的复现关系是指某一词以原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词等出现 在语篇中,句子通过这种重现关系得到了相互衔接。根据这一原则, 有时某一个空格所对应 的答案可能就是在上下文中复现的相关词。我们可以根据这些复现词之间的有机联系找到正 确的答案。考试题中出现的同现现象主要是动词与名词的同现、形容词与名词的同现、名词 与名词的同现。 4,参照语境,利用文章线索、举例或提示 语境就是上下文。广义的语境指所有的上下文,段与段之间、句子与句子之间、句子与 段之间的语义关系。一切语义的理解都离不开上下文。狭义的语境是指句子内部的词语在语 义上的联系,我们根据这些联系和选项的辨析选出正确的答案,这种语境原则上应与词汇水 平中的辨析结合起来。 由于完型填空的短文是一个意义完整、上下关联的语篇,它所讨论的是同一主题,行文 中的替代现象和词语重复都是不可避免的。因此在解答时,应该瞻前顾后,寻找相关线索, 如同义、近义词,有时甚至直接搬用文章中的词语或短语。考生应该学会跳出句子层次的樊 篱,联系句际间的意义衔接和前后段落的呼应关系,在大范围内进行总体把握,宏观上考虑。 5,利用文章相关背景知识和常识 完型填空短文的内容经常涉及到的是日常生活或常识。如果出现 这种情况,要善于利用 相关背景或常识来增强理解,帮助答题。 更多解题方法与技巧,请登录商志老师新浪微博 商志考研英语 附录,2011年12月CET4完形填空 Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A) B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre Employers fear they will be unable recruit students with the skills they need as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey 67_ Nearly half of organizations told researchers they were already struggling to find 68 with skills in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM), 69_ _ even more companies expect to experience 70 _ of employees with STEM skills in the next three years. The Confederation of British Industry 71 694 businesses and organizations across the public and 72_ sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people. Half are 73_ they will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said they would not be able t0 74 _ enough employees with the right A-level skills. "75_ . we move further into recovery and businesses plan 76_ growth, the demand for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will 77_," said Richard Lambert, director general, CBI. "Firms say it is already hard to find people with the right 78 _ or engineering skills. The new govemment must make it a top 79_ to encourage more young people to study science-related 80 ." The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects 81 _ they studied business studies, maths, English and physics or chemistry at A-level. The A-Ievels that employers 82_ least are psychology and sociology. And while many employers don't insist on a 83_ degree subject, a third prefer to hire those with a STEM-related subject. The research 84 worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the UK 85_ . Half of employers expressed worries about employees' basic literacy and numeracy(计算) skills, while the biggest problem is with IT skills, 86_ _ two-thirds reported concerns. 67.Asubmits Breveals Claunches Dgenerates 68.Aaudience B officials Cpartners . D staff 69.Awhile B because C for D although 70.Aexits B shortages C absences D departures 71.Asurveyed Bsearched Cexposed Dexploited 72.Acollective Bprivate Cpersonal . Dcivil . 73. A confronted B conformed C concemed D confused 74.Abind B attain C transfer D recruit 75.A Lest B Unless C Before . D As 76.Awith Bfor Con Dby 77.Adominate Bstretch Cenforce Dintensify . 78. A creative B technical C narrative D physical 79.Apriority Boption Cchallenge Djudgment 80. A procedures B academies C thoughts D subjects 81.Auntil B since C whereas Dif 82.Arate B discuss C order D observe 83.Atypical Bpositive Cparticular Dgeneral 84. A highlighted B prescribed C focused D touched 85. A masses B workforce C faculty D communities 86.Awhat B whom C where D why