《中医药膳学论文中医药膳学特点认识及应用范围探讨》

《中医药膳学论文中医药膳学特点认识及应用范围探讨》 吉 林 农 业 科 技 学 院 论 文 题 目:中医药膳学特点认识及应用范围探讨 年 级 专 业: 11中药学本班 学 生 姓 名: 郝艳杰 学 号: 1101614009 指 导 教 师: 宋宇鹏 评 阅 教 师: 宋宇鹏 完 成 日 期: 2013年11月28日 吉林农业科技学院 Opinions and suggestions on the party's mass line educational practiceAccording to the central and provincial, municipal unified deployment, according to municipal Party committee "about carrying out the party's mass line educational practice activity in the city's implementation opinions, the spirit of the party's mass line educational practice activities from 20** in January to 99 months, carried out at all levels of departments and directly affiliated institutions and grass-roots party organizations. According to my actual County, the county to carry out the education practice put forward the following implementation opinions.First, the overall requirementsCounty county education practice to the eighteen Party of eight, the spirit of the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee as the guidance, conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary Xi Jinping book series of important speech, earnestly implement the Central Committee really, opinions and advice > < < >, < party implementing the guiding ideology of opinions to determine the objectives and requirements, step method, in accordance with the "" look in the mirror, dress up, wash bath, cure treatment, the general requirements of "for the people pragmatic honest people as the theme, in carrying forward the spirit of Zhuanglang Zhuang, improve their work style, service to the masses of the people, the foundation of consolidating grassroots, promote transformation across efforts, to further implement the central eight regulations and < The opposition party and government austerity waste regulations "," double section "provincial regulations, municipal provisions of the" twelve "plan and the implementation measures for < on improving the work style of close ties with the masses law, highlight style building, carry out the whole wind spirit, resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and wasteful extravagance to solve the problems, Party members and cadres of the style and the masses of people strong, the Ministry of Party members and cadres to further improve their thinking and understanding, to further change the style of the wind, the masses to close, honest and pragmatic people honest image to further establish the foundation to further reinforce the basic level. Style of the building of the new results to promote the construction of a powerful force of the county and the ecological culture of the county and county construction.In educational practice activities of the unit is mainly: the county and below county departments under the organs, enterprises and institutions directly under the township, street, and community, village, non-public economic organizations, social organizations and other grass-roots organizations. Agencies and branches, each single unit, follow the rules on internal institutions. Educational practice with step by step.To adhere to the county leadership, leadership and leading cadres to focus on outstanding catch to directly contact the service of the masses of law supervision departments and window units, service industry, educational practice, pay attention to grasp the heavy towns, streets and villages, community education activities and the masses of grassroots groups in close contact to strengthen, and the majority of Party members, cadres and the mass line line Marx doctrine view of the masses and the party's education.Always speak seriously as a basic attitude, adhere to positive education, to carry out criticism and self criticism group, adhere to the pragmatic, more emphasis on leadership, pay more attention to the layers of the demonstration, more focus on the four winds, solve the problem, pay more attention to open the door, the participation of the masses, pay more attention to the classification guidance. Orderly, pay more attention to the cooperation and cohesion driven, more strict requirements on injection, really supervision practice, ensure education practice is not empty is not empty is not partial, not as a mere formality.Two, the key point of the taskThe main task of the county's education practice is to seize against "four wind" this focus on centralized solve outstanding problems asked County, township leadership and leading cadres of the four winds, the disadvantages of the style, scale behavior to a large scale investigation, overhaul, cleaning greatly. At the same time, respond to the concerns of the masses, safeguard the interests of the masses, pay attention to solve practical problems, solve the people around the unwholesome tendencies especially on eat, take the card, Yong lazy luxury, extravagance and waste fees, privileges and other issues, timely and effective, without any discount to solve, to improve the style of real implementation of the requirements of real to the grassroots, real let group Benefit the public.(a) focus on solving the "four winds" outstanding issuesThe central and provincial requirements, the county leadership and leading cadres of key performance concept is not correct, do not dare to play, to engage in "image project", "political project", a leadership guide, a set of ideas, orders and prohibitions, and a policy, there are countermeasures county. The units directly under the heavy focus on solving Yung lazy drag, buck passing skin, work is not implemented, the service is not active. The dynamic problem of law enforcement and supervision departments and window units, service industry mainly solve the door hard, ugly face, something difficult, and arbitrary charges, fines, levies, and breach of privilege, chinakayao, not the problem of law. The township, street The collar of leading bodies and leading cadres to solve key does nottheir own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 中医药膳学特点认识及应用范围探讨 学 生: 郝艳杰 专 业: 中药学 指导教师: 宋宇鹏 摘 要 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 课本中中医药膳理论知识，结合中医药膳理论探讨了药膳理论的定义、特点、分类以及在中医药理论中的意义，还有对中医药膳的特点的认识以及药膳理论应用范围的探讨 关键词:药膳;中医理论;文献;整理;研究; ， - I - 大连理工大学毕业 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 (论文) 格式 pdf格式笔记格式下载页码格式下载公文格式下载简报格式下载 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 Abstract The doctor of traditional Chinese medicine medicinal food characteristic understanding and application scope of the study Students: Hao Yanjie Industry: Chinese materia medica Tutor: Song Yupeng Pick to Summary in the textbook of traditional Chinese medicine medicinal food theory knowledge, theory of combining the theory of TCM herbal medicinal food is discussed the definition, characteristics, classification and significance in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and understanding of the characteristics of Chinese medicine medicinal food and medicinal food theory application scope Key words: medicinal food; The doctor of traditional Chinese medicine theory; The literature; Sorting; Research; - II - 吉林农业科技学院本科毕业设计(论文)题目 目 录 摘 要 ..................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ......................................................................................................................................II 一、中医药膳的特点之认识„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1 (一)注重整体,辨证施膳„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1 (二)防治兼宜,效果显著„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1 (三)良药可口,服食方便„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2 二、药膳理论应用范围的探讨„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2 (一)预防疾病,摄生自养„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3 (二)扶正祛邪,增强免疫功能„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3 (三)抗衰益寿,治漫性病„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3 (四)药膳分类的整理研究„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3 1、按性状分类„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4 2.按制作方法分类„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4 3.按药膳作用分类„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4 结 论„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5 考 文 献…………………………………………………………………………………..6 参 致 谢………………………………………………………………………………………7 - III - 吉林农业科技学院本科毕业设计(论文)题目 中医药膳一直都是中华民族医学宝库中的瑰宝，是传统医学与饮食文化有线融合的结晶。其“寓医于食”，取药物之性，用食物之味，食借药力，药取食威，以达到营养滋补、保健强身和防病治病的目的，既不同于一般的中药，又有别于普通的饮食;既没有中药的苦涩难饮，又能通过日常饮食改善体质。 中医药膳是具有保健、防病、治病等作用的特殊膳食。在传统中医药学理论指导下，将不同药物与食物经行合理地组方配伍，采用传统和现代科学技术加工制作，具有独特色、香、味、形、效的膳食品，既能果腹及满足人们对美味食品的追求，同时又能发挥保持人体健康、调理生理机能、增强机体素质、预防疾病发生、助疾病治疗及促进机体康复等作用，因此，中医药膳一直是中华民族几千年来十分重视的膳食。 一、中医药膳的特点之认识 (一)注重整体,辨证施膳 在运用药膳时,首先要全面 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 患者的体质、健康状况、患病性质、季节时令、地理环境等多方面情况,判断其基本证型;然后再确定相应的食疗原则,给予适当的药膳治疗。中医认为,人与自然界是一个有机的整体,中医讲究阴阳平衡，人体内阴阳平衡、气血调和,才能保证人体的健康。同样生于大自然的各种动、植物中药也察受天地阴阳之气而生,具有四气、五味。与中药的药性一样,食物也具有食性,用食物、药物的功效来调节人体的气血、阴阳的失衡,即是药膳食疗之根本所在。药膳应在辨证论治的原则下选用对症的食疗才能取得预期的效果,只有在正确的辨证基础上,有针对性地选用不同的药膳,才能达到目的。如同为咳嗽,对于风寒咳嗽以食用葱白粥为宜;对肺阴虚燥热的干咳,则宜用百合杏仁粥;风热咳嗽则应服贝母桑叶梨汁。 (二)防治兼宜,效果显著 药膳尽管多是平和之品,但其防治疾病和健身养生的效果却是比较显著的。食用一般膳食的主要目的是为了消除饥饿、维持生存和获得一种物质享受。服用一般中药的目的则是为了治疗疾病。食用药膳,除上述两个目的兼而有之外,其最主要的目的还是为了使有病者得以治疗,体弱者得以增强体质,健康者得以更加强壮。药膳是药、食、养结合的好方式。它将中药和膳食有机地结合在一起,将药疗和食养相结合,既可疗疾,又可调理脾胃,增加抗病能力。目前在生活中应用范围广、数量多的当数保健养生药膳,有500种动、植物可作为滋补食疗药膳食品,如人参、冬虫夏草、枸杞子、山药、白术、天麻、甘草、当归、首乌、核桃、芝麻、大枣、甲鱼、莲子、鸡、鸭、猪、羊等,这些都能起到滋身体、补气血、调阴阳的作用。现代药理学研究 –1– 大连理工大学毕业设计(论文)格式规范 证实,这些滋补品,的确能增强机体生理功能,改善细胞的新陈代谢和营养,对神经内分泌的调节功能和机体的免疫、抗病能力都有很好的调节作用,且为绿色食品,符合现代人的健康需求。如人参具有抗衰老的作用,可延长细胞的寿命,具有抗氧化的作用,可增加机体的免疫力,可刺激骨髓的造血功能和肝脏的解毒作用,加强大脑皮层的兴奋与抑制过程,调节兴奋和抑制两种过程的平衡,提高及增强机体对各种有害刺激的非特异性的防御能力。枸杞子具有降血糖、血脂、保肝及调节免疫的作用【1】。 (三)良药可口,服食方便 药膳多为药、食两用之品,并有食品的色、香、味等特性;即使加入了部分药材,由于注意了中药性味的选择,通过与食物的调配仍可制成美味可口的药膳。药膳的烹调,主要以“炖、煮、偎、蒸”为主。这样可使中药和食物在较长时间受热过程中,最大限度地释放出有效成分,增强功效。药膳烹调的特点是以药物和食物的原汁原味为主,做到既具补益作用,又具菜肴鲜美的特点,从而达到确切的功效。由于中药汤剂多有苦味,故民间有“良药苦口”之说。药膳的主要原料是中药和食物。它必须寓药于食,寓性于味,融中药功效与食物美味于一体。因此,它也就必须以精湛的烹调艺术为手段,借助炖、炯、垠、蒸、煮、熬、炒、卤、烧等中国传统的烹调方法,同时按患者身体的需要进行中药的调补、选料。对所选用的中药应根据药性的不同,采用不同的炮制、加工方法及分离提取法,以保证制成的食品既具有一般美食的色、香、味、形,又可在享受美味的同时达到治病、保健和强身的作用。 二、药膳理论应用范围的探讨 药膳疗法是中医药学宝库中的瑰宝,是中国膳食文化的一个特有分支,它融我国独特的烹调技艺与中医药学理论为一体,把药品和食品巧妙地结合起来,制成药膳食之,可以疗疾,可以健身,可以延年,效果显著。药膳疗法可以清热祛邪、益气养阴、扶正固本、调整阴阳,长期坚持服用则可减轻或缓解病情,减少并发症的发生,提高患者生活质量以至延长其寿命。可以说药膳疗法是一种十分适宜的,能被广泛接受而且有确切效果的一种治疗手段和方法。 养生古称“道生”、“养性”、“摄生”等【2】,其实谈论的是人们健康问题,如何保护“精、气、神”。而饮食养护在养生中占有重要位置,《内经》中有“五谷为养,五果为助,五畜为益,五菜为充”的理论和五味入五脏,饮食宜节制的观点。 药膳具有丰富饮食、保健养生、防病治病等多方面的作用,通过对中药与药膳方面的专著文献的查阅,针对中医药膳方面的特点,结合当前中医药 2 吉林农业科技学院本科毕业设计(论文)题目 膳的临床应用可能出现的情况,对药膳的临床应用提出建议,以期中医药膳能更好地发展,更好地服务于临床,更快地解除患者的痛苦。应用范围主要有: (一)预防疾病,摄生自养 中老年人脏腑功能衰退,容易患一些老年病、慢性病,可利用药膳来防病。如吃玉米粉、黄豆粉糊、洋葱炒黑木耳,防高血脂、冠心病"服南瓜、山药粥,苦瓜炒黄鳝防治糖尿病【3】 (二)扶正祛邪,增强免疫功能 中医认为,免疫功能属正气范围,补肾、补气、补血的药膳,大都有扶正固本,增强免疫力的作用。如山药、黄茂、构祀子等调配的药膳,能提高抗病能力,有益健康长寿。 (三)抗衰益寿,治漫性病 如黄茂粥治中老年人的慢性肾炎,对消除尿蛋白效果显著。血管动脉硬化症吃山植桃仁露、银耳山植汤等有较好疗效。【4】 随着科学技术的发展和人们生活水平的提高,人民对食品和保健的观念在不断变化和更新。医药以祛病,饮食以强身,是保健的两个方面。中医药膳含医、食为一体,是根据我国源远流长的中医药理论和中医营养理论,用中药和食物相配伍,加入适当调料经炮制、烹调加工而成。它取药物之性,用食物之味,食借药力,药助食功,相得益彰,故药膳食疗独擅养生防病之功【5】。中国药膳养生保健历史悠久,源远流长;自宫廷到民间,广为传播。当今有关药膳学的著作异彩纷呈,应用空前广泛,以至出现了一些专门的药膳餐馆【6】。在人们的生活中,药膳也得到了空前的普及,并在国外也享有盛誉,备受青睐。药膳是中国传统饮食和传统医学结合的重要方式。今天,它己成为一门独具特色的科学、艺术和文化走进千家万户,传遍世界各地。 总之,“与其求救治于有疾之后,不若摄养于无疾之先【7】”,“上工不治己病治未病【8】”。传统中医追求的是:“药食同源”,讲究的是“春夏养阳,秋冬养阴【9】”。运用博大精深的中医药膳，“以食防病,以食治病”是健康的至理。 (四)药膳分类的整理研究 中医药膳的种类很多,不同的分类方法可将药膳进行分门别类。如按食品原料属性分为禽肉类、蔬菜类、米面类和果实类;按加工特点分为菜肴类、粥食类、糖果类、饮料类和其他类;按作用特点分为滋补强身类,抗衰老类、健美类、益智明目固齿类和根据病种不同的治疗疾病类【10】。尤其是具有治疗作用的药膳是现代药膳发展和研究的重要方向。人们以中医辨证论治理 –3– 大连理工大学毕业设计(论文)格式规范 论为指导,把具有不同功效的中药和食物,根据人们的饮食习惯与爱好,经过特殊的配制和加工,制成各种不同的药膳。药膳的传统制作是以中医辨证论治理论为指导,将中药与食物相配伍,经过加工,制成色、香、味、形俱佳的具有保健和治疗作用的一种特殊食品。纵观古代医籍文献中的分类方法记载,结合现代药膳加工、烹调技术引入药膳后所产生的影响,按药膳食品的治疗作用,制作方法和应用及药膳食品原料等方面进行如下分类: 1、按性状分类 菜肴、米面食、粥食、糕点、汤羹、精汁、饮料、罐头、糖果、蜜饯 2.按制作方法分类 药膳的主要原料是中药和食物"它必须寓药于食,寓性于味,融中药功效与食物美味于一体。因此,也就必须以精湛的烹调艺术为手段,借助炖、炯、垠、蒸、煮、熬、炒、卤、烧等中国传统的烹调方法,按中医理论和患者需要调配好药膳的主料和辅料,制成具有一般美食的色、香、味、形的美味食品。 3.按药膳作用分类 中医药膳对人们强身健体、延年益寿有重要的作用,人们都希望通过药膳,有病治病,无病健身。在经济蓬勃发展的今天,人们对健康尤为注重,对药膳的需求愈加强烈。药膳以保健强身、防病治病为目的。日常饮食是为了生存营养需要;服用一般药物的目的则是为了治疗疾病。而食用药膳,除上述两个目的兼而有之外,其最主要的目的还是为了使有病者得到治疗,体弱者增进健康,健康者更加强壮。 4 吉林农业科技学院本科毕业设计(论文)题目 结 论 中医药膳是中医药学的重要组成部分。数千年来,它始终伴随着中医药学的发展而不断地得以丰富和充实,逐步形成了具有系统理论和深厚实践基础的中医药膳学。 将所收集的资料进行整理分析,研究探讨中医药膳的理论体系,并结合当今社会对中医药膳理论及其进展研究,综合分析,可得出以下结论: 第一,中医药膳是以传统中医药理论为指导,这种理论是建立在千百年经验积累的基础上.经过中华民族长期的实践验证,因而是正确的,行之有效的。每种病的病因不同，得病者的体质也不同。因而,应那个用药膳时,要区别对待,因时、因地、因人应用药膳,以期获得更好的保健效果和临床疗效。 第二,开展中医药膳理论、疗法的整理、研究和挖掘,尤其注重药膳理论的实际应用,将显得更加迫切性和必要性。随着我国经济的快速发展,人民生活水平的不断 提高,以及人类社会进入老龄化社会,还有医疗模式的转变等,使得人们注重生活质量的健康观念日益强烈,因此开展中医药膳理论、疗法的整理、研究和挖掘将会越来越受到人们的重视。 第三,面向21世纪中国药膳事业具有良好的发展前景。以传统的中医理论为依据,应用现代高新技术,实现药膳现代化与产业化的研究开发,开创新型药膳,倡导中医药膳文化,充分体现中医药膳所突出的三大特点,即突出中医理论的特点、突出中药学的特点以及反映中国传统文化的特点,发挥药膳防病治病、养生保健的功用,必将使中国药膳事业造福于世界各地。 我们相信,中医药膳以其独特的优势,必将会有广泛的发展趋势和美好的应用前景。 –5– 大连理工大学毕业设计(论文)格式规范 参 考 文 献 【1】左华泽.国药与药膳应用浅谈.时珍国医国药,2005;16(6):553. 【2】钱伯文,薛品贤,钱力兰.养生指南,上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,1993,3. 【3】徐丽君,陆付耳.药膳对慢性疲劳综合征的防治.浙江中西医结合杂志,2003; 13(3):192一194. 【4】刘晓航.中医药膳与康复医学.现代康复,2001;5(l1):20一21. 【5】周一谋.论忽思慧及其5饮膳正要6.湖南中医学院学报,1999;19(3):26一27. 【6】陈永国.药膳配伍.药膳食疗,2002;(9):2. 【7】姚昌缓,傅沛藩.中华医药养生保健谚语,北京:科学出版社,1999,91一93. 【8】何清湖,潘远根.中医药膳学,北京:中国中医药出版社,1997,20一31. 【9】周文泉等.中国药膳辨证治疗学,北京:人民卫生出版社,.2002,21. 【10】马有度,包明儒.四季药膳,重庆:重庆出版社,1988,21一24,26一36. 【11】聂卫.海参的药理作用及一临床研究进展.天津药学,2002;14(1):12一14. 【12】施洪飞,项平,申毓军等.干烧黄蔑鱼对衰老小鼠SOD!GSH一Px!N0和NOS的影响.南京中医药大学学报,2005;(5):299一301. 【13】陈奇.中药药理研究方法学.北京:人民卫生出版社,1993. 【14】葛振华.扶正健脾汤对荷瘤小鼠影响的实验研究.福建中医学院学报,1991;创刊 【15】施奠帮.中医食疗营养学,北京:人民卫生出版社,1987,2一3. 【16】马有度,包明儒.四季药膳.重庆:重庆出版社,1988,21一24,26一36. 【17】胡国庆,高忠梁,陆兰珍.食疗食养与常见病,昆明:云南人民出版社,1991, 1一12,61一64,125一127,149一153. 【18】刘晓航.中医药膳与康复医学.现代康复,2001;5(l1):20一21. 【19】周一谋.论忽思慧及其5饮膳正要6.湖南中医学院学报,1999;19(3):26一27. 【20】陈永国.药膳配伍.药膳食疗,2002;(9):2. 【21】姚昌缓,傅沛藩.中华医药养生保健谚语,北京:科学出版社,1999,91一93. 【22】何清湖,潘远根.中医药膳学,北京:中国中医药出版社,1997,20一31. 【23】马有度,包明儒.四季药膳,重庆:重庆出版社,1988,21一24. 6 吉林农业科技学院本科毕业设计(论文)题目 致 谢 本课题是在老师宋宇鹏的悉心教导下独立完成的,在老师的教诲下,我不仅对中医药膳学有了新的认识，还掌握了中医学药膳的部分理论知识,并且对中医药膳学有了深厚的认识。特此致以深深的谢意～导师渊博的知识,严谨的治学作风和积极的工作态度都是我学习和努力的方向。最后再次向所有帮助过我的老师和同学致以深深的谢意! –7–