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2010年高考英语备考-高考英语阅读理解解题技巧

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2010年高考英语备考-高考英语阅读理解解题技巧2010年高考英语备考-高考英语阅读理解解题技巧 2010年高考英语备考-高考英语阅读理解解题技 巧 ?清华大学?英语系测试:为中小学生英语量身定做. 官方网站: 清华大学英语教授研究组提供 2010年高考英语复习精典素材――4.高考英语阅读理解解题技巧 高考英语阅读理解题主要是由阅读短文和短文后的试题组成的。阅读理解短文选材广泛,内容丰富,往往涉及到日常生活、人物传记、国内外风土人情、故事传说、社会文化、政治经济、史地科技、自然现象、新闻报道、体育活动、广告说明、书信通知、目录等许多方面的内容。文体多采用...

2010年高考英语备考-高考英语阅读理解解题技巧
2010年高考英语备考-高考英语阅读理解解题技巧 2010年高考英语备考-高考英语阅读理解解题技 巧 ?清华大学?英语系测试:为中 小学 小学生如何制作手抄报课件柳垭小学关于三违自查自纠报告小学英语获奖优质说课课件小学足球课教案全集小学语文新课程标准测试题 生英语量身定做. 官方网站: 清华大学英语教授研究组提供 2010年高考英语复习精典素材――4.高考英语阅读理解解题技巧 高考英语阅读理解题主要是由阅读短文和短文后的试题组成的。阅读理解短文选材广泛,内容丰富,往往涉及到日常生活、人物传记、国内外风土人情、故事传说、社会文化、政治经济、史地科技、自然现象、新闻报道、体育活动、广告说明、书信通知、目录等许多方面的内容。文体多采用叙述、描写、说明、议论及应用文等形式。近年来,高考阅读理解题都由五篇短文组成,一般分易、中、难三种难易程度。掌握高考英语阅读理解题的应试技巧,正确地理解和 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 问题,考生应从以下几个方面入手: 一、抓住文章的首段与末段及段落的首句和末句 文章的首段与末段、段落的首句和末句,一般表达文章的主题和段落的中心思想,其它段落及句子只起补充、说明、解释或引申的作用。因此,首先要搜索目标,找出文章及段落中的主题句。了解了它们的含义,就可以顺着提供的主要线索去捕捉文章的相关信息,从而获得解决问题的答案。 二、进行合理推断 对文章有了详细而全面的理解之后,就要按照文章内容,上下文的逻辑关系,作出推理判断。阅读理解涉及词汇、语法、句型、段落结构、文化背景等各方面知识。答题时,要领会句子之间的逻辑关系,特别是相邻句子之间的关系,这样有利于理解全文。表示逻辑关系的标志词是连接词、副词、代词、介词短语、关系词、插入语等,通读时应特别注意。 三、猜测推敲生词 阅读短文时,常常会遇到一些生词。这时,考生要沉着、冷静,细心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。通过对全篇短文的理解,就很有可能猜测出生词的大意。另外,还可以从含有生词句子的上下文,以及句子和段落之间的关系来判断、理解生词以求获得其真正含义。 猜测生词的另一种方法是,根据构词法推测。遇到生词后,可从构词法角度分析判断生词。例如: unforeseeable一词,其中词根为see, fore的含义是“早先、预先”的意思,un前缀是“不”的意思,因此可以猜知,此词词义为“未能预见的”。 四、 利用常识解题 多了解一些常识性知识有利于阅读理解。如果对文章的相关背景有所了解,读起文章一定既省时又省力。因此,在学习过程中,了解各方面的背景知识是十分重要的。考生应了解下列知识: 1(著名作家、艺术家及其主要作品; 2(科普常识:尽量了解有关生态平衡、环境污染、计算机应用、诺贝尔奖等方面的知识; 3(了解西方社会风土人情、社交活动、新年、圣诞节活动、宗教信仰、罢工斗争、失业现象、风俗习惯等; 4(多看新闻联播、世界各地和各类英语讲座等节目; 5(使用各种工具书,查阅各类名词、术语、重大事件; 6(熟记常用的缩略词语。 五、正确理解题干 纵观历年高考试题,阅读理解试题一般有以下几种题型:一是直接回答who,whom,which,what,where,when,why,how等疑问词引起的细节问题;二是猜测词义题;三是推理判断题;四是综合概括题。 在做阅读理解题时,一定要仔细看完、看清楚试题要求再作答,特别要注意NOT, TRUE, EXCEPT等词。有时,要先看题后阅读文章,带着问题去读短文,可缩短阅读时间,效果也许会更好。 总之,阅读理解试题是高考试题中最重要的一项内容,占有举足轻重的地位。如果学生按 All(a.,pron.&n.) all by oneself 独立,单独 above all 首先,特别是,最重要的是 after all 到底,毕竟 first of all 首先 in all 总共 most of all 最最 all at once 突然,同时,马上 all of a sudden 突然 all right 好吧,行,情况不错 all sorts of 各种各样的 all kinds of 各种各样的 all the best 万事如意 all the more 更加 all the same 尽管如此,仍旧(照样) all the year round 一年到头 AS(conj.,adv.& pron.) as…as…与。。。。。。一样 as a matter of fact 事实上 as a rule 通常 as a result 结果 as a whole 总的来说 as if(as though) 好象 as follows 如下 as for 就。。。。。。而言 as(so) long as 只要 as soon as 一。。。。。。就 as soon as possible 尽快 as usual 象往常一样 as well 也,还 as well as 同。。。。。。一样 might(may) as well 不妨 so as to 以便 At(prep.) at a time 一次,每次 at breakfast 早餐时,正在吃早饭 at first 最初 at home 在家 at last最后,终于 at least 至少 at (the) most至多,不超过 at one time 以前,曾经 at once 立刻,马上 at night 在夜里,在晚上 at midnight 在半夜 at present 目前,现在 at times有时候 at sea在大海上,在航行 at one?s own expense 自费 at the bottom 在底端 at the end (of) 最后,尽头 at the latest 最迟 at the mercy of 在……的支配下 at the head of 在……的前头 at the moment 此刻 at the same time 同时 at work 在工作 laugh at 嘲笑 throw at向……扔去 work hard at 努力工作(学习) By(prep.) by accident偶然地 by air(sea,bus…)乘飞机(乘船,乘公共汽车……) by chance 碰巧,偶然地 by day(night) 在白天(夜晚) day by day 一天天地 by and by 不久 by far得多,最最 learn (know)by heart 记熟,背诵 by mistake 错误地,由于疏忽所致 by oneself 独自地 one by one 一个一个地 by the way 顺便说(问) by turns 轮流 side by side 肩并肩,并排,一起 by the side of 在……附近 Break(v.) break away from 摆(逃)脱,脱离,改掉,破除 break down (机器、车辆等)坏了,(身体)垮了,中断,压 倒,分解 break forth 迸发,突然 break in 强行进入,插嘴,打岔,使驯服,使习惯 break into破门而入,打断,占用 break off突然停止(中断),打断,折断 break out爆发,突然发生 break through 突破,打破 break up 散会,驱散,停课,腐蚀,打破 Bring(v.) bring about 引起,实现,使发生 bring down 使倒下,使下降,击落,推翻 bring forth 引起,使产生 bring in 收(庄稼),提出,(使)得到(收入),引入,增加, 把。。。。。。扯起来 bring on 使发生,引起 bring out 说明,阐明,出版 bring to an end 结束 bring up 提出,抚养,培养,呕吐 Call(v.) call at (a place) 访问(某地) call back 回电话 call for 来找(某人),喜欢来取(某物),想要,要求,需要 有 call in 来访,顺路到。。。。。,召来,召集,请来,收回 call on(upon) 拜访,看望,号召,要求 call up 给。。。。。。打电话,征召(入伍),叫。。。。。。 起床,使想起(往事) Come(v.) come about 发生,造成 come across (无意中)碰到,找到,想到,越过 come along 跟去,一道去,赶快,进行,进展 come down 下降,下落,传下来 come into power(office) 执政,就职 come out 出来,出版,发行 come into being 产生,建立 come to 来到(某地),共计,来参加(活动),谈到,恢复 知觉 come to a conclusion 得出结论 come to an end 结束 come to nothing(no good) 没有结果(没有好处) Do(v.) do a good deed 干得好,搞好工作 do away with 消灭,清除,取消,破除 do good 有好处,有用处,做好事 do harm to 对…有害处(不利) do sb a favour 帮个忙 do sb good对某人有好处 do one?s best 尽力,竭力 do the deed 付诸行动,生效 do one?s duty 履行职责 do up 收拾,整理,修理,打扮,包,捆,系 do with 处理,需要,想,将就用 do wonders 创造奇迹 do wrong(right) 做错(对) have sth (nothing)to do with和。。。。。。有(无)关 Down(adv.) bring down 使倒下,击落 break down 分解 burn down把……烧成平地,烧光 get down to 开始认真(做某事) hand down 把……传下来 put down记下,镇压 tear down 拆毁,拆除 turn down 关小,调低 For(prep.) for a while 暂时,一时 for ever 永远 for free免费 for the moment暂时 be famous for因……而著名 have a gift for 对……有天赋 make a plan for 为……作计划 stand for 代表,象征 in (one?s) search for 寻找(求) as for 至于,说到 care for 喜欢,想要 change… for用……换 fix a date for 约定……的日期 Give(v.) give a talk 作 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 ,作演讲 give birth to 生,产生 give in 让步,屈服,妥协,投降,交上来 give off (散)发出 give one?s life 献出自己的生命 give sb a hand 帮某人忙 give one?s regards(greetings) to向。。。。。。问好 give out 散发,分发 give up 放弃,献出,交出,投降,认输,泄气 Get(v.) get about (消息)传开,到处走动 get along 进行,过活,相处,走开 get away 逃掉,逃跑 get away from 避免,摆脱,离开 get back 回来,收回 get close to 接近 get down 记下来,打下来,落下 get down on one?s knees 屈膝下跪 get down to 开始认真(做某事) get into the habit of 染上。。。。。。的习惯 get hold of 拿到,找到,抓住 get in 进站,进去,回来,收进去,请来 get off 起飞,(动身)离开,脱下(衣服等) get on (某方面)进行情况,相处,上车,继续进行,顺利发 展 get on well with 与。。。。。。相处融洽 get over 克服,忍受,摆脱(疾病等) get rid of 消灭,摆脱,除掉 get round 传开,绕过,回避 get through 做完,结束,通过(电话)接通 get together 聚会,联欢 get up 起床,站起来,举办 Go(v.) go after 追求,设法得到 go away 走开,离开 go against 违反 go ahead 进行,进展,干吧,说吧,先走 go all out 全力以赴 go bad (食物等)变坏,坏掉 go by 走过,经过 go in for 从事(某种事业或活动) go on 发生,进行,进展,继续下去 go off 走开 go out 熄灭,过时 go over 审阅,检查,研究 go through审阅,检查,学习,练习,经历,经过 go up上涨,上升 In(prep.,adv.) in a flash 一刹那间 in a word总之,简言之 in a hurry 匆忙地,很快地 in (actual) fact 事实上 in a sense 从某种意义上说 in a short while 不久,一会而后 in all 总共,总的来说 in any case不管怎样 in battle 在战斗中 in case如果,以防(有某种情况) in chains 上着镣铐,在囚禁中 in charge of 主管,负责 in common 共同,共用 in danger 在危险中 in debt 负债,欠帐 in front 前方,正面对 in front of在……前面 in full 全文地,全部地 in general 一般地说 in honour of 为了纪念……,为向……表示敬意 in modern time 现代,近代 in one?s opinion 据(某人的)看法 in order to(that) 为了 in other words 换句话说 in peace 平静地,安宁地 in public 在公众面前,公开地 in search of 寻找 in (one?s) search for 寻找,寻求 in return 作为报答 in silence 沉默地,无声地 in short(=in a word ) 总之 in space 在宇宙空间 in spite of 尽管 in that 因为,原因是 in that case 假如那样的话 in the air 在空中 in the charge of 由……掌管 in the course of 在……过程中 in the day在白天 in the day time在白天 in the future 将来,以后 in the end 最后 in the meantime 与此同时 in the middle (of) 在……中间 in time 及时地 in turn 轮流 believe in 相信,信任 bring in 引进,引来,吸收 call in 召来,召集 hand in 上交,递交 hand in hand 并进,联合,手牵手 drop in 顺便走访 join in 参加,加入 once in a while 偶尔,间或 play a part in 在……起作用 stand in line 站在队里 succeed in (干……)成功 take part in参加 Keep(v.) keep a promise 遵守诺言 keep a secret 守秘密 keep watch 注意,警惕,提防 keep back 扣下,隐瞒,忍住(眼泪) keep body and soul together 维持生活 keep in mind 记住,想着 keep off 避开,挡住,不接近 keep one?s balance 保持平衡 keep on继续(干) keep out 遮挡,使不入内 keep silence 保持沉默(安静) keep sb, from doing sth阻止某人做某事 keep up 保持,维持,继续(某活动) keep up with 不落在后面,跟上,及时了解(情况) Look(v.) look after 照顾 ,照管 look as if 看起来似乎 look back(upon)回想,回顾 look down on(upon)看不起 look for 寻找 look forward to 盼望 look into 研究, 调查 ,了解 look like 看起来像 look on(upon)…as 把……看作 look out 查出 找出 look out (for)注意, 当心, 提防 look the same 看起来很像 look through 翻阅, 看一遍 look over (仔细)检查 look up 查找,上涨, 好转, 向上看 Make(v) make clear 说明,弄(讲)清楚 make a decision 作出决定 make a promise 答应,允诺 make a plan for 为……作计划 make a record 录制唱片 make friends (with)(和…)交朋友 make faces 做鬼脸 make fun of 和…...开玩笑 make a noise 吵闹 make it a rule 总是…… make one?s way to(out of)向… 走去(从…走出) make ends meet 应付开支,量入为出 make room 让地方 make sense 讲得通,很有意义 make sure(certain)一定要,确保,核实,弄清楚 make …to one?s own measure 依照某人的尺寸做…… make up 构成,占,编造,弥补 make up one?s mind 决心,利用 make use of 利用 Of(prep.) a bit of少量的,一点 a bottle of 一瓶 a glass of 一(玻璃)杯 a great deal of 很多 a handful of 少量的 a (large)number of 许多 a lot of 许多,大量的 lots of 许许多多的 a piece of 一片(张,块) a place of interest 名胜 a pair of 一双,一对 a waste of 浪费 all kinds of 各种各样的 all sorts of各种各样的 at the head of 在……的前头 at the mercy of 在……的支配下 because of 因为 be made up of 由……组成 be proud of 为……而自豪 be fond of 爱好,喜欢 be tired of 厌烦 die of 死于 dream of 向往,渴望,梦想 get rid of 处理,去掉 in charge of 主管,负责 in the charge of 由……掌管 in honour of 为了纪念,为向……表示敬意 instead of 代替 in the hope of/that… 怀着……的期望 in spite of 尽管 knock out of 从……中敲出来 make fun of 取笑某人 make sure of 确定,弄清楚 make use of 利用 masses of 大多数 packs of 大量的,大部分 play the role of 扮演……角色 out of 从……向(往)外 on the point of 正要……的时候 plenty of 充足的,相当多的 remind sb of 使某人想起 run out of 用完 scores of 许多,大量 take the place ot 代替,取代 talk of 谈论,议论 think of 认为,想到,想起 take possession of占有,拥有 On(prep.,adv.) on average 平均 on board 在船上 on fire 着火 on foot 走路,步行 on holiday 休假,度假 on one?s way to 在……的途中 on one?s own 独立地,独自地 on the air (用无线电,电视)播送 on the radio 通过收音机,通过广播 on the point of 正要……的时候 on watch 值班,守望 bring on 使前进,使发生,引起 carry on 继续下去 come on 来吧,赶快 congratulate …on… 祝贺… depend on 依靠,相信 from then(now) on 从那时(现在)起 have…on穿着,戴着 have an effect on 对……产生作用 live on 以……为主食 look down on(upon) 轻视,看不起 keep on (doing sth) 继续(做某事) move on 继续前进, pass on 传递,转移到 play a joke on 戏弄(某人) Out(adv.,prep) break out 爆发,突然发生 carry out 开展,执行,实现 check out 查明,结帐 die out 消失,灭亡 find out 找出,查出 give out 分发,散发,用完 hand out分发 help…out 帮某人从困境中解脱 hold out 伸出 look out 留神,当心 pick out 挑出 point out 指出 put out 扑灭,关熄 run out of 用完 send out 发出,派遣 set out发出,开始 show…out 领……出去 try out 实验 work out 算出,解决,制定出 out of 从……向(往)外 out of breath 上气不接下气 out of work 失业,没工作 out of one?s reach 够不着 Put(v.) put away 存起来,收拾起来 put back 推迟,放回(原处),拨回(时钟) put down 写下来,镇压 put forward 提出,提前 put in order 整理 put into practice 实行 put off 推迟,延期,关上(开关等) put on 穿(戴)上,上演,打开(开关等) put on weight 增加体重 put out 熄灭,生产,出版 put up 举(架)起,修建,张贴,留宿 Set (v.) set about doing 开始(着手)做 set an example 作出榜样 set down 放下,写(记)下 set fire to=set…on fire 放火,烧着 set off 使爆炸,引起,起程 set out to do 出发,动身,开始,着手,列举,详述 set sail 起航 set to work (使)开始做…… set up 立(支)起来,成(建)立 Take(v.) take a(one?s)seat 就座,坐下 take a look at 看一下 take a photograph (of)照一张(…的)相 take aim 瞄准 take an action 采取行动 take an interest in 对……感兴趣 take along 随身带着 take away拿走,拿开,使离开,把……打发走 take back 收回,让退(货) take…by surprise 使…吃惊,出奇兵攻占 take care 注意,当心 take care of 照顾,负责 take charge of 负责 take exercise 做运动 take…for granted 视为当然,想必是 take hold of 抓住,握住 take in 订阅,使上当,收留 take…in one?s arm (拥)抱 take it easy 别紧张,放松些 take note(notice)of 注意,理会 take notes 记录,作笔记 take off 脱掉,起飞,减(去)掉 take (a day)off 休假(一天) take office 就职,上任 take on 雇用,招收,具有(……的意思),呈现……面貌,开 始从事 take one?s defeat(things)lying down甘心失败 take (an active) part in(积极)参加 take one?s place 坐某人的座位,代替某人的职务 take place 发生,举行 take possession of 占有,拥有 take pride in 为……感到骄傲 take the place of 代替,取代 take truns 轮流 take up 开始学习,开始(某活动,空间) take up arms 拿起武器 Turn(v.) turn a deaf ear (blind eye)to不听(不理睬) turn down 拒不采纳,开小点 turn in 上交,交进去,上床睡觉 turn on(off) 打开(关) turn out 结果,原来(情况是),产生,制造 turn over 移交,打翻,翻耕,翻阅,考虑 turn to 求助于,翻到,转到 turn up 出席,出现,开大点,查找 Up(adv.) break up 分解,腐蚀 bing up 教育,培养,提出,呕吐 build up 逐步实现 clear up 整理,弄清,晴(开)朗起来 come up 抬头,上来,上升 cut up 切碎,齐根切断 divide up 分配 eat up 吃完,吃光 fix up 安顿,修理好 give up 放弃,投降,献出 go up 上涨,上升 grow up 生长,长大 hold up 抬起,阻挡,使停顿 join up 连接(联合)起来 make up 编出,构成,弥补 open up 开创,开辟 pick up 接收,拾起,捡起 put up 举(架)起,张贴,留宿 round up 赶拢,使集拢 speed up 加快速度 set up 建立,创立 stay up 不睡,挺住,站立 take up 占去,占据 throw up 呕吐,吐出 turn up 到达,出现 wake up 醒来 Way(n.) all the way 全程,一直地 ask the way 问路 by the way 顺便说(问) by way of 取道,经由 have a long way to go 还有很长的路 in a(one) way 在某种程度上 in a bad way 身体状况不好,情况不妙 in any way 在任何(哪)方面 in every way 在各方面,以各种方式 in many ways 在很多方面 in no way 怎样也不,一点也不 in the (a) family way 怀孕了 in the way of / in one?s way 碍事,妨碍 lead the way 带路 make one?s way to 向……走去 lose one?s way 迷路 make way for 给……让路 on the way (to) 在(去)……路上 With(prep.) be angry with 对……发脾气 be busy with 忙于 be fed up with 厌倦 catch up with 赶上 deal with 处理,对付 be in love with 与……相爱 get on well with 与……相处融洽 keep in touch with 与……保持联系 Word(s)(n.) break one?s word不信守诺言,失信 eat one?s words 承认说错了,收回自己的话 have a word(a few words)with 和……说句(几句)话 have words with sb同…吵架 have a word in one?s ear 给某人说悄悄话 have word 得到信息 接不定式或ing分词做宾语意思基本相同的动词 like to do sth/like doing sth喜欢做某事 love to do sth/love doing sth 喜欢做某事 hate to do sth/hate doing sth憎恨做某事 prefer to do sth/ prefer doing sth 宁可做某事 begin to do sth/ begin doing sth开始做某事 start to do sth/ start doing sth 开始做某事 continue to do sth/ continue doing sth 继续做某事 接不定式或ing分词做宾语意思不同的动词 (1) remember to do sth记住要做某事 remember doing sth记得曾做过某事 (2) forget to do sth忘记要做某事 forget doing sth忘记曾做过某事 (3) regret to do sth后悔(遗憾)要做某事 regret doing sth后悔(遗憾)做过某事 (4) try to do sth设法要做某事 try doing sth做某事试试看看有何效果 (5) mean to do sth打算做某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 (6) can?t help to do sth不能帮助做某事 can?t help doing sth忍不住做某事 (7) go on to do sth做完某事后接着做另一事 go on doing sth继续做一直在做的事 可用于“动词+sb+of sth”的常见动词 accuse sb of sth控告某人犯某事(罪),指责某人做某事 cheat sb of sth骗取某人某物 cure sb of sth治好某人的病,改掉某人的习惯 inform sb of sth通知某人某事 remind sb of sth使某人想起某情况 rid sb of sth使某人摆脱某物 rob sb of sth抢劫某人的某东西 warn sb of sth警告某人有某情况 常用“be+形容词+for”结构 be anxious for 渴望 be bad for 对……有害,对……不行 be convenient for 对……方便 be eager for 渴望 be famous / well-known / noted for 因……闻名 be fit for 合适,适合 be good for 对……有益(方便) be grateful for 感谢 be hungry for 渴望得到 be late for 迟到 be necessary for 对……有必要 be ready for 为……准备好 be sorry for 因……抱歉 be suitable for 对……合适(适合) be thankful for 因……而感激 ing分词前省略介词 in 的常用结构 be careful (in) doing sth做某事时很小心 be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事 be fortunate (in) doing sth很幸运做某事 be late(in) doing sth做某事做晚了或做迟了 have luck(in) doing sth做某事时有运气(走运) have difficulty(in) doing sth做某事有困难 have trouble (in) doing sth做某事有困难 have a problem(in) doing sth做某事有困难 have a good time(in) doing sth做某事很开心 have a hard time(in) doing sth做某事很辛苦 find diffuculty(in) doing sth做某事发现有困难 lose no time(in) doing sth马上做某事 spend money(time) (in) doing sth花钱(时间)做某事 waste money(time) (in) doing sth浪费钱(时间)做某事 There is no difficulty(in) doing sth做某事没有困难 There is no use(in) doing sth做某事没有用 There is no point(in) doing sth做某事没有意义 常用“in+名词+of”结构 in advance of在……前面 in/on behalf of为了,为了……的利益 on behalf (of…)代表(……) in celebration of 庆祝 in explanation of 解释 in favour of 赞成,主张 in honor of 纪念,祝贺,欢迎 in need of 需要 in possession of 拥有 in respect of 关于,就……而言 in sight of 看得见,在看见……的地方 in support of 为了支持(拥护)…… in aid of 帮助 in case of 如果,万一,以防 in charge of 负责,管理 in defence of 保卫 in face of 面对 in front of 在……前面 in memory of 纪念 in place of代替 in praise of称赞 in search of 寻找,搜寻 in spite of 尽管,虽然 in view of 鉴于,考虑到 同时注意以下相似结构: in exchange for 作为对……的交换 in return for 作为……的报答 in addition to 加之,除……之外 in contrast to(with) 与……形成对比 in reply to作为对……的回报(答复) in(with)reference to关于 in preparation for为……作准备 in reward for 作为……的报酬 in answer to回答,响应 in opposition to 与……相反,反对 in response to 回答,响应 in(with) regard to 关于 2010学年第一学期虹口区高三英语质量调研卷 II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A , Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 25. The impacts of any climatic change the human population are astonishing. A. in B. on C. with D. by 26. — I have a sore throat today! — You'd better take advantage of the tea break to go to . A. chemist's B. the chemist C. the chemist's D. the chemists' 27.Boston, Paul and Ray were all superstars on fierce different teams. Yet, of them had any title to show for that. A. all B. none C. both D. neither 28. So far, the Shanghai World Expo _to be a great success as people expected. A. was proved B. had proved C. has been proved D. has proved 29. The teacher __ have thought John was worth it or she wouldn't have wasted time on him. • A. should B. can C. would D. must 30. Many people consider that French is _ as Russian while I think the contrary. A. as difficult a language B. as a difficult language C. too difficult a language D. too a difficult language 31. American people appreciate _ beforehand when you wish to pay a visit to them. A. your calling B. you call C. you to call D. that you tall 32. Hobbies mainly ___ for relaxation and enjoyment vary from person to person. A. pursuing B. pursued C. being pursued D. having pursued 33. ____ we may face, we're supposed to work with joint efforts to fight against it. A. However a severe disaster B. What a severe disaster C. However severe a disaster D. What severe a disaster 34. In yesterday's speech, it wasn't made clearthe earthquake can't be predicted accurately. A. what B. why C. that D. how 35. inspiration from a Japanese architect, Mr. Smith used cardboard material for his tents. A. Taking B. Taken C. To take D. To be taken 36. Research shows when people are shut up together, they're in is called a stress situation. A. that B. how C. what D. why 37. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment children are given the opportunity to solve the problem by reading. A. which i B. whose C. that D. where 38. Traveling without ordering rooms in advance can eat up precious vacation time ________________________________________________ luck is smiling on you. A. unless B. as C. if D. when 39. A high-tech park is announced _ in this area, but I don't know when the project will be put into practice. A. to have built B. to have been built C. to be built D. to build 40. The chemical process, involved in the treatment of materials for clothes, the environment badly in some countries, arousing much attention of them nowadays. A. damaged B. damage C. damaging D. to damage Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. disappearing B. massive C. releasing D. contribute E. degrade F. eventually G ecosystems H. increasingly I. essential J. tourism Every year, 20 million hectares of rainforest—an area the size of England, Wales and Scotland combined—are cut down, 41 millions of tons of carbon emissions into the atmosphere. Without action now, many of the world's tropical forests will be lost by this century's end. With these forests 42 . we will lose important species, natural resources and local livelihoods, as well as the opportunity to slow climate change. Tropical forests cover only 12 percent of the planet but are home to more than one-half of the Earth's known plants and animal species. At l the current rate of deforestation, tropical rainforests would virtually disappear as functioning 43 within 100 years. Deforestation would also 44 important natural resources, just like supplies of clean fresh water. In addition, the 45 burning of forests can lead to severe air pollution both locally and thousands of miles away. South American forests are home to the greatest plant biodiversity in the world, and are the source of 46 pharmaceutical (药用的) parts. Up to 50 percent of pharmaceuticals on the market today have an origin in natural products, and 42 percent of the top 25 selling drugs worldwide come from natural products. Forests provide recreation for an 47 wealthy and urbanized population. For example, 3.5 million people visited Brazil's 150 conservation areas between 1991 and 1999, helping fuel a five-fold increase in 48 for the country. According to Sohngen and Bach, efforts to reduce global deforestation could 49 to an increasing gain of 76 billion tons of carbon and just over 1 billion acres in additional forests. • . - III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. For the first time in modern history, less than half of the U.S. adult population now read literature, according to a recent survey. Reading at Risk: A Survey of Literary Reading in America presents a detailed review of the 50 of reading's role in the nation's culture. Reading at Risk is a survey of national fashion in 51 literary reading. The data source for Reading at Risk is as reliable and 52 as any such survey can be. The key results of the survey are 53 in the "Summary", but the report can be further explained as: literary reading in America is not only declining 54 among all groups, but the rate of decline has been speeded up, especially among the young. Reading at Risk merely shows a great 55 change that most Americans have already noticed—our society's great turn to electronic media for entertainment and information. Reading a book 56 a degree of active attention and devotion. Indeed, reading itself is a progressive skill that 57 years of education and practice. 58 . reading is like riding a bicycle, driving a car, or sewing. In order to get better at it, you must do it. The last twenty-five years of reading research 59 this simple law. 60 most electronic media such as television, recordings, and radio make fewer demands on their audiences, and indeed require no more than 61 participation. While oral culture has a rich reality and electronic media offer the considerable attention of variety, print culture affords irreplaceable forms of focused thought that makes various communications and views possible. The decline in reading, therefore, 62 a larger reduce from participation in public and cultural life. What is to be done? There is surely no single solution to the present problem, just as there is no single 63 . The important thing now is to understand that America can no longer take active and devoted reading for granted. Reading is a timeless, common ability. As more Americans 64 this ability, our nation will become less informed, active and independent minded. These are not the qualities that a free, inventive, or productive society can afford to lose. 50.A. enhancement B. promotion C. ignorance D. decline 51.A. children B. group C. adult D. audience 52.A. vivid B. familiar C. objective D. instructive 53.A. presented B. associated C. marked D. selected 54.A. dramatically B. steadily C. limitedly D. routinely 55.A. natural B. reasonable C. creative D. cultural 56.A. withdraws B. requires C. benefits D. emphasises 57.A. turns down B. makes up C. depends on D. leaves for 58.A. By contrast . B. By the way C. In a word D. In other words 59.A. challenges B. confirms C. declares D. adopts 60.A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Nevertheless D. Meanwhile 61.A. cooperative B. passive C. negative D. active 62.A. increases B. equals C. decreases D. stirs 63.A. cause B. resource C. course D. consequence 64.A. develop B. keep C. acquire D. lose Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Many years ago, my dad was facing a serious heart condition. He was unable to work a steady job. He fell suddenly ill and had to be admitted to the hospital. He wanted to do something to keep himself busy, so he decided to volunteer at the local children's hospital. My dad loved kids. It was the perfect job for him. He ended up working with the seriously ill children. He would talk, play, and do arts with them. One of his kids was a girl with a rare disease that paralyzed her from the neck down. She couldn't do anything, and she was very depressed. My dad decided to try to help her. He started visiting her in her room, bringing paints, brushes and paper. He stood the paper up, put the paintbrush in his mouth and began to paint. He didn't use his hands at all. All the while he would tell her, "See, you can do anything you set your mind to." At the end of the day, she began to paint using her mouth, and she and my dad became friends. Soon after, the little girl was sent home because the doctors felt there was nothing else they could do for her. My dad also left the children's hospital for a little while because he became ill. Some time later after my dad had recovered and returned to work, in came the little girl who had been paralyzed, only this time she was walking. She ran straight over to my dad and hugged him really tight. She gave him a picture she had done using her hands. At the bottom it read: “Thank you for helping me walk.” My dad would cry every time he told us this story and so would we. He would say sometimes love is more powerful than doctors, and my dad - who died just a few months after the little girl gave him the picture - loved every single child in that hospital. 65. The author's father worked at the local hospital to ___ . - A. ease his serious heart condition B. realize his childhood dream C. earn money to pay for treatment D. keep himself occupied and happy 66. How did the author's father help the paralyzed little girl? A. He showed her she could still do things. B. He painted special pictures for her. ? C. He helped her practise walking. D. He visited her and made a toy for her. 67. According to paragraph 4, the paralyzed girl ____ . A. eventually became a unique painter B. gradually recovered and walked C. was sent home and never seen again D. sent him a picture painted with her mouth 68. What message does the passage mainly convey? A. It's better to give than to receive. B. Volunteering is a worthwhile thing to do. C. Love can sometimes bring great results. D. A sick person should not focus on his disease. B (Note: You may read the questions first.) _________ DESLORATADINE INSTRUCTIONS ________________________ CFNFRIC DESLORA TADINE (地氟雷他定<药物名称>) NAME Desloratadine provides relief of seasonal allergy (过敏) symptoms and allergic nose USES conditions such as runny nose, sneezing, and watery eyes. .,.,,.,.,. , ... .,. ----------------------------------------- ... ............... ——— .-??-.??? ------------ ......... Take this medication by mouth once a day or as directed by your doctor. HOW TO Do not increase your dose or take this more often than directed. USE Do not take this medication for several days before allergy testing since test results may be affected. .,.,,.,.,. , ... .,. ----------------------------------------- ... ............... ——— .-??-.??? ------------ ......... This medication may cause throat discomfort, muscle pain, dizziness, tiredness, SIDE EFFECTS indigestion, or dry mouth. If these effects continue or worsen, contact your doctor in time. Tell your doctor immediately if this unlikely but serious side effect occurs: rapid heartbeat. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor. .,.,,.,.,. , ... .,. ----------------------------------------- ... ............... ——— .-??-.??? ------------ ......... If you overdose, contact your local poison control center or emergency room immediately. US people can call the US national poison hotline at 1-800-222-1222. OVERDOSE Canadian residents should call their local poison control center directly. Symptoms of overdose may include fast heartbeat. .,.,,.,.,. , ... .,. ----------------------------------------- ... ............... ——— .-??-.??? ------------ ......... If you miss a dose, take it as soon as remembered. MISSED DOSE Do not take it near the time for the next dose. Instead, skip the missed dose and restart your usual dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up. .,.,,.,.,. , ... .,. ----------------------------------------- ... ............... ——— .-??-.??? ------------ ......... Store between 36-77 degrees?F (2-25 degrees?C) and away from light and dampness. STORAGE Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medicines away from children and pets. .,.,,.,.,. , ... .,. ----------------------------------------- ... ............... ——— .-??-.??? ------------ ......... 69. What is the main function of Desloratadine? A. To stop a running nose. B. To relieve the discomfort of allergy. C. To help get rid of watery eyes. D. To relieve sore throat. 70. The underlined word dose most probably means _ ". A. the amount of medication you take B. the time of your taking the medication C. the results of your allergy testing D. the side effects medication causes 71. For what purpose are the instructions given? A. To warn people of the possible side effects of Desloratadine. B. To show the correct way to store Desloratadine. C. To illustrate the positive effect Desloratadine has on patients. D.To ensure patients' right and safe use of Desloratadine (C) You want a smart phone, but just how smart do you want it? How about one that can read your mind? Well, that phone may well be on its way... Justin Rattner, chief researcher at Intel, says that technology has developed to the point that "context-aware computing", an idea that's been around for twenty years, is becoming more of a reality. That could lead to a phone that acts as a mind reader in your pocket. But rather than simply collect secrets about you, the device could do things with that information, such as predict what you might do next and make suggestions. Rattner gave a few examples during his speech at Inters developer conference recently. Among them, a software Intel worked on with Fodor's Travel, a traveling website. It learns what types of foods and places you like, based on searches you type into the phone or places you searched using GPS. The software makes similar recommendations when you visit a new city. Tech companies are already working to predict what people want Search engine Google, movie-rental service Netflix, and online radio service Pandora try to guess what people want even before they know they want it. Putting those types of functions together with the other information that phones collect about people could pave the way for even more helpful mobile phones, Rattner said. A challenge is training computers to look at data from "hard sensors (探测器)" (which measure place, movement, temperature etc.) and combining those findings with data from "soft sensors" (such as calendar appointments and Web browsing history). For example, your phone could tell you have just left school and seem to be on your way home - a location it might know from your address book. It could then tell you the best route around traffic. “Things don't get really interesting until you mix that hard sensor data with soft sensor data," Rattner said. "It gives devices almost this sixth sense of predicting what a user will need in the future, whether that's the next few minutes or at dinner later in the day." Rattner added that researchers are even making steps toward the final goal - a computer understanding of thoughts. However, he said there will be a need for stronger privacy controls when phones and computers develop a better ability to "think for themselves". 72. According to the passage, smart phones in the future will be able to . A. understand our thoughts and do what we ask B. forecast our behavior and offer advice C. collect personal information and give away secrets ... D. think logically and make decisions for us 73. It can be seen from the passage that Justin Rattner . A. believes that current software can already predict our desires B. criticized some tech companies for analyzing customer desires ; C. gave examples of new phone functions under development D. has shown how the new smart phones work at the conference 74. What can be concluded about "think for themselves" computers? A. They are a dream that can never come true. B. Their negative effects haven't been considered yet. C. They are being used in some areas of life. D. The need to protect privacy against them should be met. 75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Think for Themselves: A unique device to predict your future accurately B. Think for Themselves: A possible approach to releasing personal information C. Think for Themselves: A promising development of new technology D. Think for Themselves: A perfect combination of hard sensors and soft sensors Section C Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. A. Continual development and motivation B. Motivational benefit from physical activity C. Motivation for problem-solving and decision-making D. Personal motivation styles and learning motivation E. Hugely motivational effect of expressing gratitude F. Motivational activities for team building Motivational Theory 76. ________________ When a group of people meet for a conference, or training course, there is always a feeling of uncertainty and discomfort. Even if people know each other, they feel uncomfortable in the new strange situation, because it is different. Games and team building activities like ice-breakers, warm-ups can relax people; Teams unite and work together when they identify a common purpose—whether the aim is the tallest tower made out of newspapers, or a game of rounders on the park. Activities and games break down the barriers, and therefore help develop close relationships. 77 Everyone is different. Taking part in new games and activities outside of the work situation illustrates people's different strengths and working style preferences. Respect develops when people see skills and attributes in others that they didn't know existed. Also, people work and learn in different ways. 78. ___________________ Learning and taking part in a completely new activity or game like juggling demonstrates that learning is ongoing. The lessons never finish, unless people decide to stop learning. Introducing people, staff or employees to new experiences opens their minds to new avenues of personal development, and emphasizes the opportunity for continuous learning that is available to us all. ? 79. __________________ | Team building activities like juggling, construction exercises, or outdoor games, get the body moving, which is good for general health and for an energetic approach to work. A minute of juggling three balls is 200 throws, the equivalent of pumping over 20 kilos. Physical activity also provides significant stress relief, and stress management is part of every organization's duty of care towards its employees. People concentrate and work better when they have had some light exercise and physical stimulus. Physical activity energizes people and reduces stress and tension. 80. ___________________ When you look someone in the eye and thank them sincerely it means a lot. In front of other people even more so. The key words are the ones which say thanks and well done for doing a great job, especially where the words recognize each person's own special ability, quality, contribution, effort, whatever. People always appreciate being valued as an individual even more. When you next have the chance to thank your team or an individual team-member, take the time to find out a special thing that each person has done and make a point of mentioning these things. Doing this, the praise tends to carry even greater meaning and motivational effect. Section D Directions: Read the following passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the i statements in the fewest possible words. The library is one of the most popular places at a Western university. Students turn to it for research, conversations about class, and many other services. Compared with Chinese libraries, college libraries in the US and UK tend to offer more resources. A graduate student at Yale University can borrow as many as 225 books at a time. In addition to borrowing books, there are online and electronic resources. These include a database (数据库) search of popular and academic material, such as LexisNexis Academic, which offers items from newspapers and magazines. Although books and articles are the items that students ask for most frequently, some libraries provide video recordings. At some schools, teachers and tutors put electronic copies of their teaching PPTs on the library Web to give easier access for students. Another useful service in Western college libraries is the Interlibrary Loan. This allows a student at one school to borrow books from another school. The loan request is made through the student's college library, which gets the book, gives it to the user, and arranges for its return. Technology has made libraries more attractive. Some universities have services for students to send messages through the computer. Earlier this year, Harvard University introduced a new Scan and Deliver service, allowing students to make requests for parts of books and articles. Requests made through the system are handled by library staff. The student receives an e-mail with an Internet link to the scanned pages. The service is free and all material comes within four days. It used to be that libraries didn't allow food or drinks. But that rule is changing and many of them now contain a cafe so students can spend as much time as they want iirthe library. Additionally, some US university libraries are now all-night affairs, or have at least one study room open all night. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 81. In comparison with Chinese libraries, college libraries in the US and UK not only _________________________________________________________ . 82. According to Paragraph 4 and 5, what are the two useful services for students in Western College libraries? 83. The purpose of Harvard University's introducing a new Scan and Deliver service is to let ? 84. What have some US university libraries done for a change? 第 II卷 (共 45分) . I. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets. 1(在寒冷的冬日喝杯热饮真是惬意。(It) 2(高三学生在高考前都必须接受一次体检。(require) 3(这些彩色果盆当时引起了我的注意,使我想起了快乐的童 年。(remind) 4(在有些情况下,重要的不是结果,而是你是否享受了过程。 (matter) 5(既然经济舱位的票很畅销,我们应尽快打电话到售票处询 问一下,以免坐失良机。(now that) II(Guided writing Directions:.Wnb an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below( 关于学校建议让学生买保险(buying insurance)的做法有人赞 成,有人反对,请就此谈谈 你的看法。你的文章必须包括以下内容: ?你是否会买保险 ?请结合具体事例说明理由 KEYS 单选25. B 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. A 十选九41. C 42. A 43. G 44. E 45. B 46. I 47. H 48. J 49. D 完形填空50. D 51. C 52. C 53. A 54. A 55. D 56. B 57. C 58. D 59. B 60. C 61. B62. B 63. A 64. D 阅读理解 A篇65. D 66. A 67. B 68. C B篇69. B 70. A 71. D C篇72. B 73. C 74. D 75. C Section C(六选五) 76. F 77. D 78. A 79. 80E Section D 8l lend books but (also) offer more(online and electronic) resources 81.Providing video recordings and the Interlibrary Loan. 82.students make requests for parts of books and articles 83.They have started cafes/have offered cafe services and become all-night affairs/let students stay longer. 翻译 1. It is pleasant having/to have a hot drink on a cold winter day/on cold winter days. 2. All the senior three students are required to have a physical examination/check-up before they takethe entrance examinations. 3. These colorful fruit bowls caught my eye at that time, reminding me of the happy childhood. 4. In some cases,what matters is not the result but whether you have enjoyed the process. 5. Now that the tickets for economy class are popular,we should call the booking/ticket office to inquireas soon as possible? so that we won't miss/lose the golden chance. 写作 One possible version; (176 words) Most schools suggest that every student should buy (life or accident) insurance. Although it is a very uncomfortable topic to think about,or even talk about,it is we,ourselves who have the responsibility to make sure that we are protected in all circumstances. So I think there are many good reasons why we should buy insurance. It's true that every parent hopes to see their child grow into happy and healthy adults without anything bad happens. Unfortunately, they cannot always be there 24 hours a day, 7 days a week protecting their children. Unexpected things do happen in our daily life. Once in a while, we heard that someone injured either in the road accidents or in the P. E. lessons. ,(•••fflj?l$-$\")On. this occasion,it can mainly reduce the family financial burden that comes with serious illness or accident if we have bought insurance. We should thank god if these types of events never happens to ourselves. After all, the money we used to buy the insurance can be given to those who need them most 2011年高考英语写作词组固定搭配汇总 —高考生一定必备 一、接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事 ask to do sth. 要求做某事 beg to do sth. 请求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事 choose to do sth. 决定做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决心做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 promise to do sth. 答应做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 wish to do sth. 希望做某事 注:有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式,不接动名词: aim to do sth. 打算做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 long to do sth. 渴望做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事 bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事 elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事 hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事 like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事 mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事 need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事 request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事 trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 注:不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词句型: 汉语说:“害怕某人做某事”,但英语不说fear sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“原谅某人做某事”,但英语不说excuse [forgive] sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“拒绝某人做某事”,但英语不说refuse sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“惩罚某人做某事”,但英语不说punish sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“建议某人做某事”,但英语不说suggest [propose] sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“赞成某人做某事”,但英语不说approve sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“通知某人做某事”,但英语不说inform sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“欢迎某人做某事”,但英语不说welcome sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“坚持某人做某事”,但英语不说insist [persist] sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“希望某人做某事”,但英语不说hope sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“安排某人做某事”,但英语不说arrange sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“要求某人做某事”,但英语不说demand sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“感谢某人做某事”,但英语不说thank sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“祝贺某人做某事”,但英语不说congratulate sb. to do sth.。 汉语说:“阻止某人做某事”,但英语不说prevent sb. to do sth.。 要表示以上意思,可换用其他表达: 汉语的“原谅某人做某事”,英语可说成excuse [forgive] sb. for doing sth.。 汉语的“希望某人做某事”,英语可说成wish sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“建议某人做某事”,英语可说成advise sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“安排某人做某事”,英语可说成arrange for sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“要求某人做某事”,英语可说成demand of sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“感谢某人做某事”,英语可说成thank sb. for doing sth.。 汉语的“祝贺某人做某事”,英语可说成congratulate sb. on doing sth.。 汉语的“阻止某人做某事”,英语可说成prevent sb. from doing sth.。 三、接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的34个常用动词 admit doing sth. 承认做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 delay doing sth. 推迟做某事 deny doing sth. 否认做某事 discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事 excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事 fancy doing sth. 设想做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 keep doing sth. 保持做某事 mention doing sth. 提及做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 miss doing sth. 错过做某事 pardon doing sth. 原谅做某事 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事 prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事 put off doing sth. 推迟做某事 report doing sth. 报告做某事 risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 understand doing sth. 理解做某事 四、接现在分词作宾补的20个常用动词 bring sb. doing sth.引起某人做某事 catch sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事 discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事 feel sb. doing sth. 感觉某人做某事 find sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事 get sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事 have sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事 hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人做某事 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事 listen to sb. doing sth. 听某人做某事 look at sb. doing sth. 看着某人做某事 notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人做某事 observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事 prevent sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事 send sb. doing sth.使某人(突然)做某事 set sb. doing sth. 使(引起)某人做某事 start sb. doing sth. 使某人开始做某事 stop sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 watch sb. doing sth. 观五、接动词原形作宾补的11个常用动词 feel sb. do sth. 感觉某人做某事 have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做某事 look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做某事 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 notice sb. do sth. 注意某人做某事 observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 watch sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事 察某人做某事 六、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的12个动词 like to do sth / like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 love to do sth / love doing sth. 喜欢做某事 hate to do sth / hate doing sth. 憎恨做某事 prefer to do sth / prefer doing sth. 宁可做某事 begin to do sth / begin doing sth. 开始做某事 start to do sth / start doing sth. 开始做某事 continue to do sth / continue doing sth. 继续做某事 can?t bear to do sth / can?t bear doing sth. 不能忍受做某事 bother to do sth / bother doing sth. 麻烦做某事 intend to do sth / intend doing sth.想要做某事 attempt to do sth / attempt doing sth. 试图做某事 cease to do sth / cease doing sth. 停止做某事 七、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的7个动词 (1) remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth. 记住曾做过某事 (2) forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过某事 (3) regret to do sth. 后悔(遗憾)要做某事 regret doing sth. 后 悔(遗憾)曾做过某事 (4) try to do sth. 设法要做某事 try doing sth. 做某事试试看有何效果 (5) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 (6) can?t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can?t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 (7) go on to do sth. 做完某事后接着做另一事 go on doing sth. 继续做一直在做的事 注:stop to do sth. 与stop doing sth.也不同,前者指停下来去做某 事,后者指停止正在做的事,但stop to do sth. 中的不定式不是 宾语,是目的状语。 八、可接双宾语的38个常用动词 (1) 双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人 owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物(钱) post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听 return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人 serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看 take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人 teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况 throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信 (2) 双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词 book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 为某人预定某物 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物 cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物 draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb. 为某人画某物 fetch sb. sth. = fetch sth. for sb. 为某人去取某物 find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb. 为某人找到某物 fix sb. sth. = fix sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb. 为某人拿来某物 make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人做某物 order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. 为某人订购某物 pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb. 为某人采摘某物 prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb. 为某人留某物 sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb. 为某人唱某物(歌) spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb. 为某人让出某物 steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb. 为某人偷某物 注:有的动词后接的双宾语易位时,既可用介词to引出间接宾语,也可用介词for引出间接宾语,含义相同,如bring,play等: Bring me today?s paper. = Bring today?s paper to [for] me. 把今天的报纸拿给我。 He played us the record he had just bought. = He played the record he had just bought for [to] us. 他放了他刚买的唱片给我们听。 有的动词后接的双宾语易位时,即可用介词to引出间接宾语,也可用介词for引出间接宾语,含义不同,如leave等: They left me no food. = They left no food for me. 他们没给我留一点食物。 My uncle left me a large fortune. = My uncle left a large fortune to me. 我叔叔死后留下一大笔财产给我。 而有的动词后接双宾语时,既不能用介词to引出间接宾语,也不能用介词for引出间接宾语,如allow, ask, cause, charge, cost, forgive, refuse等: He allows his son too much money. 他给他儿子的钱太多。 He asked me some questions. 他问了我一些问题。 This caused me much trouble. 着给我带来了许多麻烦。 He charged me five dollars for a cup of tea. 他一杯茶向我要了5美元。 His mistake cost him his job. 他的错误让他丢了工作。 I envy you your good luck. 我羡慕你的好运。 They forgave him his rudeness. 他们原谅了他的鲁莽。 He refused her nothing. 她要什么就给什么。 九、可用于“动词+sb+of sth”的8个常见动词 accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人犯某事(罪),指责某人做某事 cheat sb. fo sth. 骗取某人某物 cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病,改掉某人的坏习惯 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某情况(事) remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某情况(事) rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物 rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人的某东西 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人有某情况 十、可用于“动词+sb+for doing sth”的8个常见动词 blame sb. for doing sth. 指责某人做某事 criticize sb. for doing sth. 批评某人做某事 forgive sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 excuse sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 pardon sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 punish sb. for doing sth. 惩罚某人做某事 scold sb. for doing sth. 指责(责备)某人做某事 thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事 十一、可用于“动词+sb+into doing sth”的9个常见动词 cheat sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 food sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 force sb. into doing sth. 迫使某人做某事 argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 terrify sb. into doing sth. 威胁某人做某事 frighten sb. into doing sth. 吓唬某人做某事 persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 十二、容易误用作及物动词的9个不及物动词 误:deal a problem 正:deal with a problem 处 理问题 误:depend sb. 正:depend on sb. 依靠 (依赖)某人 误:insist doing sth. 正:insist on doing sth. 坚 持要做某事 误:knock the door 正:knock on [at] the door 敲门 误:operate sb. 正:operate on sb. 为某人 做手术 误:participate sth. 正:participate in sth. 参加某事 误:refer sth. 正:refer to sth. 查阅(参考)某物 误:rely sb. / sth. 正:rely on sb. / sth. 依靠(依赖)某人(某物 误:reply a letter 正:reply to a letter 回信 注:在某些其他用法中,以上有的动词也可能及物,如insist, reply 等动词后可接宾语从句,operate表示“操作”、“管理”等时则及物。 十三、容易误用作不及物动词的8个及物动词 误:serve for sb. 正:serve sb. 为某人服务 误:marry with sb. 正:marry sb. 与某人结婚 误:discuss about sth. 正:discuss sth. 讨论某事 误:mention about sth. 正:mention sth. 提到某事 误:enter into a room 正:enter a room 进入房间 误:contact with sb. 正:contact sb. 与某人联系 误:equal to sth. 正: equal sth. 等于某物 误:ring to sb. 正:ring sb. 给某人打电话 注:有个别词在用于其他意义时,可以是不及物的,如enter into 可以表示开始进入或从事某一状态或活动,或用于较抽象的概 念。如: The country entered into a state of war. 这个国家进入战争状态。 I can enter into your feelings at the loss of your father. 我理解你失去 父亲后的心情。 The two old men entered into a long conversation. 两位老人开始长谈 起来。 十四、17个常用“be+形容词+about”结构 be angry about 为……生气 be anxious about 为……担忧 be careful about 当心…… be certain about 确 信…… be curious about 对……好奇 be disappointed about 对……失望 be excited about 对……感到兴奋 be glad about 对…… 感到高兴 be happy about 为……感到高兴 be hopeful about 对……抱有希望 be mad about 对……入迷 be nervous about 为……感到不安 be particular about 对……讲究 be sad about 为…… 而难过 be serious about 对……认真 be sure about 对…… 有把握 be worried about 为……担忧 十五、10个常用“be+形容词+at”结构 be angry at 为……生气 be bad at 不善于…… be clever at 擅长于…… be disappointed at 对……失望 be expert at 在……方面是内行 be good at 善于…… be mad at 对……发怒 be quick at 在……方面敏捷 be skilful at 在……方面熟练 be slow at 在……方面迟钝 十六、18个常用“be+形容词+for”结构 be anxious for 渴望 be bad for 对……有害,对……不利 be bound for 前往 be celebrated for 以……出名 be convenient for 对……方便,在……附近 be eager for渴望 be famous for 因……闻名 be fit for 合适,适合 be good for 对……有益(方便) be grateful for 感谢 be hungry for 渴望得到 be late for 迟到 be necessary for 对……有必要 be ready for 为……准备好 be sorry for 因……抱歉 be suitable for 对……合适(适宜) be thankful for 因……而感激 be well-known for以……出名 十七、6个常用“be+形容词+from”结构 be absent from 缺席,不在 be different from 与……不同 be far from 离……远,远远不 be free from 没有,免受 be safe from 没有……的危险 be tired from 因……而疲劳 十八、13个常用“be+形容词+in”结构 be concerned in 与……有关 be disappointed in 对(某人)感到失望 be engaged in 从事于,忙于 be experienced in 在……方面有经验 be expert in 在……方面是行家 be fortunate in 在…… 方面幸运 be honest in 在……方面诚实 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be lack in 缺乏 be rich in 富于,在……方面富有 be skilful in 擅长于 be successful in 在……方面成功 be weak in 在……方面不行 十九、18个常用“be+形容词+of”结构 be afraid of 害怕 be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧 be aware of 意识到,知道 be capable of 能够,可以 be careful of 小心,留心 be certain of 确信,对……有把握 be fond of 喜欢 be free of 没有,摆脱 be full of 充满 be glad of 为……而高兴 be nervous of 害怕 be proud of 为……自豪 be short of 缺乏 be shy of 不好意思 be sick of 对……厌倦 be sure of 肯定,有把 握 be tired of 对……厌烦 be worthy of 只得,配得上 二十、20个常用“be+形容词+to”结构 be accustomed to 习惯于 be blind to 对……视而不见 be close to 靠近,接近 be cruel to 对……残酷,对……无情 be devoted to 献身,专心于 be equal to 等于,能胜任 be familiar to 为(某人)所熟悉 be harmful to 对……有危害 be important to 对……重要p; be open to 对……开放,易受到 be opposed to 反对,不赞成 be opposite to 在……对面,和……相反 be polite to 对……有礼貌 be related to 与……有关(是亲戚) be respectful to 尊敬 be rude to 对……无礼 be similar to 与……相似 be true to 忠实于,信守 be used to 习惯于 be useful to 对……有用 二十一、16个常用“be+形容词+with”结构 be angry with 对(某人)生气 be bored with 对……厌烦 be busy with 忙于 be careful with 小心 be concerned with 关于,与……有关 be content with 以……为满足 be delighted with 对……感到高兴 be disappointed with 对(某人)失望 be familiar with 熟悉,精通 be honest with 对(某人)真诚 be ill with 患……病 be patient with 对(某人)有耐心 be pleased with 对……满意(高兴) be popular with 受……欢迎 be satisfied with 对……满意 be strict with 对(某人)严格 二十二、24个常用“in+其他词+of”结构 in advance of 在……前面 in aid of 帮助 in behalf of 为了,为了……的利益 in case of 如果,万一,以防 in celebration of 庆祝 in charge of 负责,管理 in commemoration of 纪念,庆祝 in defence of 保卫 in explanation of 解释 in face of 面对 in favour of 赞成,主张 in front of 在……前面 in honor of 纪念,祝贺,欢迎 in memory of 纪念 in need of 需要 in place of 代替 in possession of 拥有 in praise of 称赞 in respect of 关于,就……而言 in search of 寻找,搜找 in sight of 看得见,在看见……的地方 in spite of 虽然,尽管 in support of 为了支持(拥护)…… in view of 鉴于,考虑到 注:同时注意一下相似结构: in exchange for 作为对……的交换 in preparation for 为……作准备 in return for 作为……的报答 in reward for 作为……的报酬 in addition to 加之,除……之外 in answer to 回答,响应 in contrast to [with] 与……形成对比 in opposition to 与……相反,反对 in reply to 作为对……的回答(答复) in response to 回答,响应 in [with] reference to 关于 in [with] regard to 关于 二十三、27个带to doing sth.的常用结构 1(动词+介词to+动名词 (1) admit to doing sth. 承认做了某事 (2) apply to doing sth. 适用于做某事 (3) object to doing sth. 反对做某事 (4) see to doing sth. 负责做某事 (5) stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事 (6) take to doing sth. 喜欢上做某事,逐渐习惯做某事 2(动词+宾语+介词to+动名词 (1) apply oneself to doing sth. 专心致力于做某事 (2) devote sth. to doing sth. 把……献给做某事 (3) devote oneself to doing sth. 献身于做某事 (4) limit sth. to doing sth. 把……限制在做某事的范围内 (5) reduce sb. to doing sth. 使某人沦为做某事 3(动词+名词+介词to+动名词 (1) give one?s life to doing sth. 献身于做某事 (2) give one?s mind to doing sth. 专心做某事 (3) have a dislike to doing sth. 厌恶做某事 (4) have an eye to doing sth. 注意做某事 (5) have an objection to doing sth. 反对(反感)做某事 (6) pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 (7) set one?s mind to doing sth. 决心做某事 4(be+形容词+介词to+动名词 (1) be equal to doing sth. 等于做某事,能胜任做某事 (2) be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 (3) be opposed to doing sth. 反对做某事 (4) be reduced to doing sth. 使某人沦为做某事 (5) be devoted to doing sth. 把时间(钱,精力等)献给做某事 (6) be limited to doing sth. 把……限制在做某事的范围内 5(其他结构+介词to+动名词 (1) get down to doing sth. 开始做某事,认真处理某事 (2) look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事 (3) What do you say to doing sth? 你认为做某事如何, 附: 关于听力小结: 英语听力这门学科说来很有意思,因为学生分两种:一.听力好的 这种人就觉得听力不难,就这么莫名地提高了,题目做对了,貌似没有什么太大的难点;二.听力差的 这样的学生觉得听力老错,然后就是不知道怎么提高,背单词也没用,听 听么好像懂的,题目做了就会错,不知道怎么提高。 其实首先要明白,听力主要还是靠practice的,没有什么神奇的方法能够帮你一夜之间成为听力能人~那么在训练的时候,注重相应的方法,可能会使得提高的效率更高而已。 听力提高的三要素: 1.词汇。不要傻乎乎的找本词汇手册就在那里背,完全脱离听力场景背单词并不可取。因为事实证明,很多人单词看到认识,但是听的时候就不知道了。这不是因为词汇量小,而是对词汇的把握没有达到一定的熟练程度~单词肯定是要背的,但是对于听力来说,可能背的单词还需用耳朵听一下。 2.坚持每天都听一定时间。听力这个东西提高很慢,但退步却很快。听一个星期可能没什么进步,但是一个星期不听却会有很大退步。这就为什么很多人如果听力不好,就一直很难提高的原因~所以每天花个1小时左右听,不仅提高听力,还会间接地提高口语的语音~ 3.熟悉题型。毕竟是考试,所以熟悉题型,熟悉出题规律,当然能最大限度地发挥自身的听力能力。这方面一般报个培训班就好了。当然基础不错的同学,自学也是可以的。 总而言之,提高听力如果是为了通过考试做题的话。那么每篇至少听3遍。第一遍就是单纯地做题。第二遍是分析,不要看原文,不懂的地方多听几遍,然后再参考原文,不熟悉 的词或词汇划出来背一下。第三遍是从头到尾再听一遍,捕捉 更多的细节(not limited to the questions in the test)。 卢湾区2010年高考模拟考试 英 语 试 卷 第I卷(共105分) 英语试卷 听力部分 I. Listening comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. By car. B. By air. C. By train. D. By coach. 2. A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Doctor and patient. D. Guide and tourist. 3. A. At 5:30. B. At 6:00. C. At. 7:10. D. At 7:30. 4. A. The danger of the sea. B. The colours of the fish. C. The feelings of the fish. D. The protection of the fish. 5. A. She wants to buy a new computer. B. She wants to know more about computers. C. She is unwilling to listen to the man. D. She believes what the man is talking about. 6. A. He was careless. B. He was in a hurry. C. He was drawing at the moment. D. He was drunk. 7. A. In October. B. In December. C. In September. D. In November. 8. A. The woman is traveling abroad. B. The man used to travel abroad alone. C. The woman has a wonderful experience traveling abroad. D. The man?s family is staying abroad now. 9. A. At a theatre. B. At a restaurant. C. At a hospital. D. At a gas station. 10. A. Because she hasn?t shown up. B. Because she drives too slowly. C. Because she is very rude to him. D. Because she is always in a rush. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Home repair. B. Food delivery. C. Letter delivery( D. Carpet cleaning( 12. A. $22.95 B. $69.95 C. $39.95 D. $36.95 13. A. Spot cleaner. B. Easier life. C. 15% discount. D. A nice doggie. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To gather his forces. B. To stick to his interest and overcome obstacles. C. To be most persevering. D. To keep his hope and plan from passing away. [来源:学科网ZXXK] 15. A. They are good at waiting for opportunities. B. They realize their dreams by using what they?ve been given. C. They keep working hard and never give up. D. They succeed by trying to gain all the stuff they need. 16. A. Employing defeats wisely. B. Avoiding defeats desperately. C. Seeking defeats always. D. Bearing defeats only. Section C Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you hear. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Name James Wood Room Number Room 15 on the ___17___ floor Type of the room A ___18____ room $ ____19___ [来源:学科网Cost of the night ZXXK] Feature of the room It ___20___ the sea. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer. Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Can the woman communicate in Yes, she thinks she can English without too much difficulty? _____21_____ and she?s just got the certificate. What?s the woman?s present She is _____22_____. occupation? What are the woman?s strengths? Her friendliness, open-minded attitude and _____23_____. What will the woman do if a She will speak in another language, passenger can?t understand her? _____24_____ or draw pictures. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 25. They chatted ____ coffee about their experience as volunteers during the charity. A. over B. on C. to D. with 26. — Did you watch the football match last night? — Yes, that?s a most close one, and eventually neither could defeat ____. A. both B. the other C. another D. each 27. The price of the flat now is ____ that last year. A. as twice high as B. twice more expensive than [来源:学科网] C. as high as twice D. twice the amount of 28. So far no life has been found outside the earth, but while some scientists are actively searching for living things in outer space, others firmly believe there ____ . A. mustn?t be B. may not be C. can?t be D. won?t be 29. Such great achievements ____ so far that many friends abroad can hardly believe that. A. has China made B. China has made C. does China make D. are made in China 30. As is known to us all, the opening ceremony of the Shanghai World stExpo, ____ theme is “Better City, Better Life”, will begin on May 1, 2010. A. which B. its C. that D. whose 31. Our community appears more beautiful with green grass and colourful flowers ____ here and there. A. grow B. to grow C. growing D. having grown [来源:Zxxk.Com] 32. Wife ____ a big dinner when Husband was aware of their eighth wedding anniversary that day. A. was still preparing B. had hardly prepared C. did carefully prepare D. would eagerly prepare 33. The problem of carbon emission ____ at Copenhagen Summit has aroused the public?s wide concern. A. discussed B. having been discussed C. being discussed D. to be discussed 34. A major issue was put forward by some representatives at the conference ____ the teachers in the remote areas were underpaid. A. whether B. at which C. where D. that 35. The customers objected ____ unfairly in the course of shopping. A. to be treated B. their being treated C. to being treated D. having been treated 36. — Where?s your assignment? — ____ A. I had already handed it in. B. It was handed in. C. It?d been handed in. D. It?s been handed in. 37. The traffic in Shanghai will be blocked and people will come to blows _____ the government plans in advance. A. as long as B. unless C. even if D. since 38. It was the A/N1H1 epidemic ____ spread almost throughout the country ____ promoted the research and production of the flu vaccine. A. that…that B. that…which C. what…that D. that…what 39. He was disappointed ____ he had learned from books quite differed from his actual life. A. what B. that C. which D. how 40. The athletes, especially the winners, should remain modest ____ rapid progress they?ve made. A. however B. how much C. whatever D. no matter Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. major B. C. D. E. stressed determined promotion prosperous F. G. H. I. J. surprisingly impressed questions cooperation increasingly Barack Obama has been a hit in China. Apart from holding talks with Chinese leaders, the president ___41___ the Chinese with a lively question-and-answer session with college students. In fact, he is the first U.S. president to visit China inside his first year in office. “The United States insists we do not seek to contain China?s rise,” he told Chinese students in Shanghai. “On the contrary, we welcome China as a strong and ___42___ and successful member of the community of nations.” The U.S.-China relationship has opened the door to partnerships on ___43 ___ global concerns including economic recovery, clean energy, climate change, and the ___44___ of peace and beyond, he added. Indeed, given these pressing issues, China and the United States have ___45___ found their future linked together. They discovered that the largest developing nation and the most powerful industrialized country have to work in concert. Obama?s visit to China on November 15-18 highlighted the complexity of arguably the most important bilateral (双边) relationship in the world. Moreover, for all their differences and disagreements, Beijing and Washington are ___46___ to manage their relations in a way that will contribute to world peace and development. Obama kicked off his first state visit to China in the country?s financial and economic centre, Shanghai, where he held a “town hall” meeting with more than 500 Chinese students. The one-hour discussion, during which Obama took ___47___ ranging from antiterrorism to recipes for success with his signature charisma (领袖魅力), was broadcast live on the websites. He ___48___ that young people could help build bridges in U.S.-China ___49___ — a process that he said must grow beyond the two countries? governments to take root in the people. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Micheal Scofield has won fans all over the world. The star of the hit show Prison Break is kind, clever and good-looking. But what about the man ___50___ the character? Wentworth Miller, the 35-year-old actor who plays Scofield, is a hard guy to ___51___. He does not come from a traditional background and doesn?t ___52___ a traditional path. Miller didn?t take a ___53___ road to fame and fortune. He graduated from Princeton University in 1995 with a degree in English, not a degree in theatre or film. He didn?t even act when he was in college. His only ___54___ experience was in his university?s well-known singing group. Yet, at graduation, Miller still decided to make the ___55___ to Hollywood. Miller has always been ___56___. Although he is American, he was born in Britain when his father was studying there. His family background is a ___57___ of cultures. “My father is black and my mother is white. That means I have always been caught in the middle. I could be ___58___ one, which can make you feel out of place,” Miller says. Following his unusual path, Miller did not start trying out for films and TV shows when he got to Hollywood. ___59___, he worked as a production assistant. Not what you would ___60___ from a Princeton graduate. However, it all paid off for Miller ___61___. Working on production side, he learned a lot about what makes a good ___62___. In 2002, Miller played a role in the drama Dinotopia. He starred as a shy man. The producers ___63___ his performance when they were making Prison Break two years later. With a golden globe nomination (金球奖提名) and another season of Prison Break under his belt, Miller seems ready to ___64___ all of Hollywood. 50. A. beside B. behind C. outside D. after 51. A. talk with B. go after C. get along with D. figure out 52. A. go B. walk C. follow D. step 53. A. direct B. special C. wide D. correct 54. A. graduation B. performance C. production D. education 55. A. role B. move C. decision D. movie 56. A. strange B. outstanding C. different D. successful 57. A. mixture B. result C. mystery D. representative 58. A. other B. either C. another D. the other 59. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Instead D. Finally 60. A. respect B. make C. indicate D. expect 61. A. in the end B. in particular C. as a whole D. as a result 62. A. film B. actor C. drama D. guy[来 源:Zxxk.Com] 63. A. recognized B. made C. recorded D. remembered 64. A. take up B. take over C. turn up D. turn over Section B Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) In a new study, 186 four-year-old kids were given regular carrots and, on other lunch days, they were given the same vegetables renamed X-ray Vision Carrots. On the latter days, they ate nearly twice as many. The study suggests the influence of these names might persist. Children continued to eat about 50 percent more carrots even on the days when they were no longer labeled as anything special. The research, funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, was presented at the annual meeting of the School Nutrition Association in Washington, D.C.. “Cool names can make for cool foods,” said the lead author Brian Wansink of Cornell University. “Whether it be „power peas? or „dinosaur broccoli trees?, giving a food a fun name makes kids think it will be more fun to eat. And it seems to keep working — even the next day,” Wansink said. Similar results have been found with adults. A restaurant study showed that when the Seafood Filet was changed to Romantic Hawaii, sales increased 28 percent and taste rating increased by 12 percent. “Same food, but different expectations, and a different experience,” said Wansink, author of “Mindless Eating: Why We Eat More Than We Think.” The study was conducted in pre-schools, but the researchers believe the same naming tricks can work with children at home. “I?ve been using this with my kids,” said researcher Collin Payne, “Whatever sparks(激发) their imagination seems to spark their appetite.” 65. Those four-year-old kids ate ________ when the carrots were renamed X-ray Vision Carrots. A. twice more carrots B. nearly double carrots C. about 50 percent more carrots D. as many carrots as they used to 66. According to the passage, _______ make(s) kids think it will be more fun to eat. A. power peas B. dinosaur broccoli trees C. fun names of food D. cool foods 67. The restaurant study didn?t show that ________. A. sales increased 28 percent when the name Romantic Hawaii was taken B. taste rating increased by 12 percent after the Seafood Filet was renamed C. same food would let people have a different experience with different names D. the researchers got similar results when they work with children at home 68. The purpose of the passage is to tell us ________. A. people prefer food with cool names B. how to name the food which kids eat C. how to help kids eat in a healthy way D. kids often imagine when they eat food (B) , Putting Movies on Mobiles Movies in the theater get their recognition at awards ceremonies such as the Oscars. But how about movies for phones? They are getting their turn at MoFilm — the first mobile film festival. The first MoFilm competition received 250 entries from more than 100 countries. Entries were restricted to films that were five minutes or less in length — ideal for viewing and sharing on mobile phones. An independent jury then selected a shortlist of five film-makers. The winner was chosen from the shortlist by an audience voting using their phones. , New Platforms The awards highlight the increasing impact that mobile phones are making in the entertainment industry. Many grassroots filmmakers start out with short films. They are thwarted by the lack of opportunities to screen their work. Therefore, mobile phones are increasingly being seen as a new platform for these short works. It is a good place for anyone who wants to express themselves and find a way to have that expression be seen by a wide audience. Just think about how many people have mobile phones in the world! , New Technology Advances MoFilm is pioneering content for mobile and online services that is a world away from Hollywood. The majority of films made for mobiles are now short in length, taking into account the screen size. However this could be overcome as technology advances. In the near future, longer films will likely be seen on the mobile phone. And there are mobile companies creating phones where users can watch movies at higher quality. Wherever you see movies, one thing is certain: the quality of work, the simple ability at story telling, and the thing that inspires someone to tell a story can really come from anywhere. 69. At the first MoFilm, ________. A. movies in the theater got their recognition B. more than 100 countries took part in the competition C. ideal films were five minutes or less in length D. the winner was chosen by experts? voting 70. They are thwarted by the lack of opportunities to screen their work. The underlined word means “________”. A. disappointed B. surprised C. frightened D. encouraged 71. Nowadays the majority of films made for mobiles are short in length because of _______. A. online services B. the screen size [来源:学 _科_网] C. technology advances D. the mobile phone (C) When I stepped out the plane from Miami into Charlotte, North Carolina, airport for a connecting flight home, I immediately knew something was wrong. Lots of desperate people crowded the terminal. I quickly learned that flights headed to the Northeast were called off because of a storm. The earliest they could get us out of Charlotte was Tuesday. It was Friday. A gate agent stood on the counter and shouted, “Don?t ask us for help! We cannot help you!” I joined a crowd that ran from terminal to terminal in search of a flight out. Eventually, I found six strangers willing to rent a van with me. We drove through the night to Washington, where I took a train the rest of the way to Providence. The real problem, of course, is that incidents like this happen every day, to everyone who flies, more and more often. It really gets to me, though, because for eight years I was on the other side, as a flight attendant for Trans-World Airlines(TWA). I know the days are gone when attendants could be written up if we did not put the lines napkins with the TWA logo in the lower right-hand corner of the first-class diners? trays. As are the days when there were three dinner options on flights from Boston to Los Angeles in economy class. When, once, stuck on a tarmac (机场停机坪) in Newark for four hours, a planeload of passengers got McDonald?s hamburgers and fries by thoughtfulness of the airline. I have experienced the decline of service along with the rest of the flying public. But I believe everything will change little by little, because I remember the days when to fly was to soar (翱翔). The airlines, and their employees, took pride in how their passengers were treated. And I think the days are sure to come back one day in the near future. 72. Many people crowded the terminal because ________. [来 源:Zxxk.Com] A. they were ready to board on the planes B. something was wrong with the terminal C. the flights to the Northeast were canceled D. the gate agent wouldn?t help the passengers 73. The writer got to Providence ________ at last. A. by air B. by van C. by train D. by underground 74. Which of the following is not true according to the passage? A. Incidents happened to those who fly quite often. B. The writer used to be a flight attendant for Trans-World Airlines. C. Even a small mistake might cause complaints from passengers in the past. D. McDonald?s hamburgers and fries were among regular dinner options. 75. What can be implied from the passage? A. The writer lived in Charlotte, North Carolina. B. The writer thought the service was not as good as it used to be. C. The writer with other passengers waited to be picked up patiently. D. Passengers would feel proud of how they were treated on the plane. Section C Direction: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest words. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) From Buckingham Palace to Oxford, the UK is loaded with wonderful icons(标志) of past eras. But it has also modernized with confidence. It?s now better known for vibrant(充满活力的) cities with great nightlife and attraction. Fashions, fine dining, clubbing, shopping — the UK is among the world?s best. Most people have strong preconceptions about the British. But if you?re one of these people, you?d be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable. It?s certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners and gardeners than the UK. Getting around England is pretty easy. Budget airlines like Easyjet and Rynnair fly domestically. Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another. Long distance express buses are called coaches. Where coaches and buses run on the same route, coaches are more expensive (though quicker) than buses. London?s famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs are cheaper competitors, with freelance (个体的) drivers. But usually you need to give a call first. London?s underground is called the Tube. It?s very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city. The UK is not famous for its food. But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods. The most famous must be fish and chips. The fish and chips are deep fried in flour. English breakfast is something you need to try. It is fried bacon, with toast and a pot of tea. Other things like shepherd?s pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part of English food culture. Pubbing and Clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife, especially for the young. Pubbing means going to a pub with friends, having drinks, and chatting. Clubbing is different from pubbing and includes going to a place of music, or a bar, or any other place to gather with friends. Clubbing can be found everywhere. Usually there is some kind of dress code for clubbing, such as no jeans, no sportswear, while pubbing is much more casual. 76. If you are involved in the real life of local residents, you may find them ______________________________. 77. How many kinds of transportation forms are mentioned in the third paragraph? Give examples (at least four). _______________________________________________________ ______. 78. When you go clubbing in the UK, you should not ______________________________. 79. What aspects are introduced about UK according to the passage? ________________________________________________________ _____. Section D Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. A. Try writing with the wrong hand B. Let yourself daydream C. Develop your inspiration D. Discover your hidden talents E. Record your dreams F. Stimulate your senses 80. Every night, for about 90 minutes, we drift into a strange, shadowy, magical world of our own creation. Poets, writers, artists and even scientists have found inspiration in their “dreamland”. Dreams are a message from the subconscious, a way of tapping your inner self. Keep a note pad and pen by your bedside, and as soon as you wake, note down whatever snatches of dreams you can recall. Dreams can solve your problems, give you advice, reveal your true feelings, and be a source of inspiration. 81. What are you aware of right now? Look at a familiar object in the room as if seeing it for the first time — explore it with your eyes. Next, listen intently to any sounds you can hear. What can you smell and taste at this moment? Touch whatever is within reach, run your hand over and around it — how does it feel? During the next few weeks activate all your senses. Visit an art gallery, walk in a pine forest, luxuriate in a second bubble bath, go to a concert, swim, have a massage. Try to experience it all as if it were totally new to you. 82. If you?re right-handed, develop the skills of your left hand or vice versa — allow it to draw something, switch TV channels or drink a cup of tea. Try this exercise: write a list of ten adjectives which characterize your personality using the hand you usually write with. A few days later, repeat the exercise writing with the other hand. Then compare the two lists. You might be surprised at the secrets of your inner self! For example, on the first list you might have written that you?re “witty”, but the second list might say “suspicious”. Then try a similar exercise, making two lists of “ What I would most like to do”. 83. Have you ever longed to paint portraits or watercolors, write a novel, draw cartoons, compose a song, design your own clothes, set up a business or landscape your garden? If so, why not start now? Yes, you might discover that your fast efforts are laughable — but try, try again. With a few notable exceptions such as Mozart, most people haven?t developed their creative talents through sheer hard work. Don?t kid yourself that you haven?t any spare time. It?s a question of making time, of seeing your talents as important enough to devote a few hours to each week. Who knows — you might be the next Laura Ashley or Agatha Christie? 84. Forget about being told off for daydreaming at school. Daydreaming is good for you! Whether it?s a purely fantasy, or a dream about how life might be in the future, only the right-brain has visions of this kind. Creative visualization, vividly imagining whatever you desire as if it has already happened — and really believing in it, is said to be a powerful way of getting what you want. Many top sports people imagine themselves playing and winning — and it seems to work. 第II卷(45分) I. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets. 1. 环境友好型理念越来越为我们所熟悉。(familiar) 2. 劳累一天后洗个澡可以解乏。(recover) 3. 每次叫他做家务,他总是假装在看书。(every time) 4. 年轻时多学点技能是明智的,以备不时之需。(in case) 5. 老实说,尽管阴雨绵绵,所有参加艺术节的同学无不为周到 的安排、精彩的表演所深深打动。(impress) II. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120,150 words according to the situation given below in Chinese. 贵校校报拟开设一个新的专栏(column),你被聘为该专栏的编辑,请你谈谈对该专栏的设想: , 该专栏的名称及主要内容 , 为什么选择该主题的专栏[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K] , 如何办好该专栏 (文章中请不要出现真实的校名和人名) 卢湾区2010年高考模拟考试 英 语 试 卷 (答案) 第I卷 英语试卷 听力部分 I. Listening comprehension (Tape script) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. M: I hear you?re going to drive to New York this weekend. W: No, I?ve changed my mind. I think flying will be more comfortable. Q: How will the woman go to New York? B 2. M: We are almost at the end of our tour now and I hope you?ve enjoyed it. W: I certainly have. It?s been a most interesting day. Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? D 3. W: The show starts at 7:10. If we leave at 5:30, we?ll have much time. M: I agree. It?ll be rush hour at around 6:00, and the traffic could be bad. Q: What time will the two speakers leave? A 4. M: Fish in warm waters come in many different colours. I think their colours help them escape from danger. W: Well, colour is not always for protection. Some fish use it to show their feelings, such as anger or fear. Q: What are the two speakers talking about? B 5. M: Good morning, madam. I?d like to take a few minutes of your time to show you how much better your life will be with the help of our newest PC. W: Now? Unless it can help wash my clothes. Q: What does the woman mean? C 6. W: I heard Mr. Black knocked down a girl and hurt her badly last night. M: Yes, that?s terrible! He shouldn?t have drunk that much, I suppose. Q: Why did Mr. Black knock down a girl? D 7. M: I thought Betty and Mike were getting married in October. W: No, that?s when their cousin?s wedding is. Theirs will be in the following month. Q: When are Betty and Mike getting married? D 8. M: I?ll take my family abroad and I won?t be travelling alone this time. W: What a wonderful experience that?ll be! I hope I can go someday. Q: Which of the following statement is true according to the dialogure? B 9. W: We?d better get some gas on our way home, since I forgot this afternoon. M: All right, but now let?s order first. Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place? B 10. M: This is the third time we have had to wait for Anne. It?s so rude of her to make us all wait in the rush hour. W: Don?t be angry with her. She does have to drive 15 miles in the rush hour to get here. Q: Why is the man angry with Anne? A Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Hey you! This is your carpet speaking. Hello! I take a real beating from you and your family every day. The kids track mud all over me, the dog leaves a bunch of fur balls everywhere. You spilt coffee the other day while entertaining guests, and your husband left a trail of potato chip crumbs from the sofa to the kitchen last night while watching the football game. Don't you think it's about time to give me a good cleaning? Now pick up that phone and call Master Cleaners now. I see them on the TV all the time. They'll clean any three rooms for $39.95, and any connecting hall is free. Plus, they'll throw in a free bottle of their amazing spot cleaner. And if you call now, you'll receive a 15% discount off their already low prices. So come on! Give them a call at 637-5001, and make life for me a little easier. Uh, nice doggie, nice doggie . . . Questions: 11. What service is being advertised? D 12. What is the regular cost of the service? C 13. What won?t new customers get if they call now? D Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. Napoleon declared, “Victory belongs to the most persevering.” Upon careful study we find perseverance depends upon three things --- purpose, will and enthusiasm. He who has a purpose is always concentrating his forces. By the will, the hope and the plan are prevented from melting away into dreams. Enthusiasm keeps the interest up and makes the obstacles seem small. Great men never wait for opportunities but make them. They seize upon whatever is at hand, work out their problem and master the situation. The greatest thing a man can do in this world is to make the most possible out of the stuff that has been given to him. This is success and there is no other. One of the important lessons of life is to learn how to get victory out of defeat. It takes courage and endurance to seek in the ruins the elements of future victory. Yet this measures the difference between those who succeed and those who fail. We cannot measure a man by his failures. We must know what use he makes of them. The man who has not fought his way upward and who does not bear the scar of desperate conflict does not know the highest meaning of success. Questions: 14. What can will help a person on the way to success? D 15. How does great men get success? B 16. What measures the difference between success and failure? A Section C Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you hear. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. W: Holiday Inn. What can I do for you? M: Good afternoon. I?m looking for accommodation for tonight. I?d like one single room and one double room. W: Will you be staying just one night? M: I?m thinking of three nights, actually. W: I?m sorry, but I?m afraid we don?t have a vacant single room for three nights. M: That?s too bad. You see, there are three of us. W: Sir, if you don?t mind, I could arrange for an extra bed in a double room. Would that be OK for you? M: It?s a bit inconvenient. How much is that for one night? W: Fifty dollars for a double room per night and ten dollars for one extra bed. M: OK, I?ll take it. By the way, I would like a room with a beautiful view. W: Your room is Room 15 on the second floor. It overlooks the sea. M: Sounds good! W: May I have your name, please? M: James Wood. W: Thank you very much, Mr. Wood. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer. Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. M: What made you decide on this type of occupation? W: Oh, to tell you the truth, I love the sky. When I was a child, I imagined flying into the blue sky some day. Now, I think the day has come. My dream will come true. And I like traveling very much and I enjoy working with people. M: Can you make yourself understood in English without too much difficulty? W: Yes, I think I am quite fluent in English. I got the certificate of the Secondary English Training last month. M: Do you know what the responsibilities are for an airhostess? W: The main responsibility of the airhostess is to make the passengers relaxed and happy during the flight. And good service is also important. M: Have you had any nursing experience? W: Yes, I have two years of nursing experience, and now I am working as a nurse in a hospital. M: How tall are you? What about your eyesight? W: My height is one meter and sixty-eight centimeters. I?ve never had any vision problems. M: What would you say are your strengths and weaknesses? W: One of my strengths is my friendliness and open-minded attitude and also I think I have a warm personality. But sometimes, I find it is hard to tell others when I don?t like what they are doing. M: If a passenger can?t understand what you say, what should you do? W: I?ll try to speak in another language or I?ll try my best to use gestures and draw pictures. M: Ok, thank you very much. We?ll contact you when it is settled. W: Thank you. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Key I. Listening comprehension Section A 1-5 BDABC 6-10 DDBBA Section B 11-13 DCD 14-16 DBA Section C 17. second 18. double 19. 60/ sixty 20. overlooks 21. speak English fluently/ speak fluent English 22. a nurse 23. warm personality 24. use gestures/ body languages II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A 25-29 ABDCA 30-34 DCBAD 35-39 CDBAA 40 C Section B 41—45 GDACJ 46—49 BHEI III. Reading Comprehension Section A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. C 57. A 58. B 59. C 60. D 61. A 62. B 63. D 64. B Section B 65. B 66. C 67. D 68. A 69. B 70. A 71. B 72. C 73. C 74. D 75. B Section C 76. humorous and hospitable. 77. Seven kinds including trains, coaches, buses, underground ect.[来 源:Zxxk.Com] 78. wear jeans or sportswear. 79. People, traffic, food and nightlife. Section D 80-84 EFADB 第II卷 I. Translation [来源:学科网ZXXK] 1. We are getting more and more familiar with the concept of friendly environment. The concept of friendly environment is getting more and more familiar to us. 2. Having a bath after working hard for a whole day, you can recover from tiredness. Having a bath after working hard for a whole day can help you recover from tiredness. 3. Every time he is asked to do housework, he always pretends to be reading. 4. It is sensible/ wise to learn more skills when young in case of need. It is sensible/ wise to learn more skills when young in case of unexpected needs. It is sensible/ wise to learn more skills when young in case (that) they are needed in the future. 5. To be honest, in spite of/ despite continuous rain, all the students who attended the art festival were deeply impressed by the thoughtful/ considerate/ careful arrangement and wonderful performance. To be honest, in spite of/ despite raining continuously, all the students who attended the art festival were deeply impressed by the thoughtful/ considerate/ careful arrangement and wonderful performance. To be honest, even if it was raining continuously, all the students who attended the art festival were deeply impressed by the thoughtful/ considerate/ careful arrangement and wonderful performance. II. Guided Writing 略 2010年江苏省普通高校招生统一考试 上述答题方法去做,再做些适当的练习,一定会在阅读理解试题上取得比较理想的成绩。想学好英语,首先要培养对英语的兴趣。“兴趣是最好的老师”,兴趣是学习英语的巨大动力,有了兴趣,学习就会事半功倍。我们都有这样的经验:喜欢的事,就容易坚持下去,不喜欢的事,是很难坚持下去的。而兴趣不是与生俱来的,需要培养。有的同学说:“我一看到英语就头疼,怎么能培养对英语的兴趣呢,”还有的同学说:“ 英语单词 七年级上册英语单词表高考英语单词3500记忆高中3500个英语单词表七年级下册英语单词表小学六年级英语单词表 我今天记了明天忘,我太笨了,唉,我算没治了。”这都是缺乏信心的表现。初学英语时,没有掌握正确的学习方法,没有树立必胜的信心,缺乏了克服困难的勇气,丧失了上进的动力,稍遇失败,就会向挫折缴枪,向困难低头。你就会感到英语是一门枯燥无味的学科,学了一段时间之后,学习积极性也 逐渐降低,自然也就不会取得好成绩。但是,只要在老师的帮助下,认识到学英语的必要性,用正确的态度对待英语学习,用科学的方法指导学习。开始时多参加一些英语方面的活动,比如 ,唱英文歌、做英语游戏、读英语幽默短文、练习口头对话等。时间长了,懂得多了,就有了兴趣,当然,学习起来就有了动力和欲望。然后,就要像农民一样勤勤恳恳,不辞辛苦,付出辛勤的劳动和汗水,一定会取得成功,收获丰硕的成果。毕竟是No pains, no gains吗。 练好基本功是学好英语的必要条件,没有扎实的英语基础,就谈不上继续学习,更谈不上有所成就。要想基本功扎实,必须全神贯注地认真听讲,上好每一节课,提高课堂效率,脚踏实地、一步一个脚印地,做到以下“五到”: 一、“心到”。在课堂上应聚精会神,一刻也不能懈怠,大脑要始终处于积极状态,思维要活跃、思路要开阔,心随老师走,听懂每一句话,抓住每一个环节,理解每一个知识点,多联想、多思考,做到心领神会。 二、“手到”。学英语,一定要做课堂笔记。因为人的记忆力是有限的,人不可能都过目不忘,记忆本身就是不断与遗忘作斗争的过程。常言说,“好脑筋不如烂笔头”。老师讲的知识可能在课堂上记住了,可是过了一段时间,就会忘记,所以,做好笔记很有必要。英语知识也是一点点积累起来的,学到的每一个单词、词组以及句型结构,都记在笔记本上,甚至是书的空白处或字里行间,这对以后的复习巩固都是非常方便的。 三、“耳到”。在课堂上,认真听讲是十分必要的,不但要专心听老师对知识的讲解,而且要认真听老师说英语的语音、语调、重音、连读、失去爆破、断句等发音 要领,以便培养自己纯正地道的英语口语。听见听懂老师传授的每一个知识点,在头脑里形成反馈以帮助记忆,理解领会老师提出的问题,以便迅速作答,对比同学对问题的回答,以加深对问题的理解而取别人之长补自己之短。 四、“眼到”。在认真听讲的同时,还要双眼紧随老师观察老师的动作、口形、表情、板书、绘图、教具展示等。大脑里形成的视觉信息和听觉信息相结合,印象就会更加深刻。 五、“口到”。学习语言,不张嘴不动口是学不好的,同学们最大的毛病是读书不出声,害羞不敢张嘴。尤其是早读课,同学们只是用眼看或默读,这样就只有视觉信息,而没有听觉信息在大脑里的反馈,当然记忆也不会太深刻,口部肌肉也得不到锻炼,也就很难练就一口纯正的英语。所以,要充分利用早晨头脑清醒的时间,大声朗读,课堂上要勇跃回答老师提问、积极参与同学间讨论和辩论,课下对不清楚的问题及时提出,要克服害羞心理,不耻下问。对学过的课文要多读、勤读、苦读,可以跟录音机读,竭力模仿其语音语调以纠正发音,要读得抑扬顿挫朗朗上口,一些精典文章最好能背得滚爪烂熟。利用一切可能的机会,练习英语口语,比如,与外教交流、参加“英语角”活动、与同学进行对话、讲英语故事、唱英文歌曲、演英语短剧、进行诗歌 朗诵 朗诵比赛活动流程诗朗诵英雄英雄碑颂朗诵稿听听秋的声音配乐朗诵载着使命前行朗诵稿 等。除了对课本中的范文要细读精读之外,还要多看些适合我们中学生的课外读物,既可增长知识,又开阔了我们的视野,也提高了我们的阅读水平。 学英语,词汇的记忆是必不可少的,词汇是学好英语的基础,没有了词汇,也就谈不上句子,更谈不上文章,所以记单词对我们就显得极其重要。记忆单词关键有二: 一是持之 以恒:每天坚持记忆一定量的词汇,过几天再回头复习一次,这样周期循环,反复记忆,经常使用,就会变短时记忆为长时记忆并牢固掌握。需要注意的是,一旦开始,就要坚持下来,千万不能半途而废,切不可三天打鱼,两天晒网。 二是良好的记忆方法:记忆单词的方法很多,学无定法,但学有良法。我认为,张思中的“集中识词,分类记忆”不失为一种适合中学生的好方法。把中学生应掌握的3500个单词集中汇总,分门别类,先过单词关,然后再学教材,在课本中使用和巩固它们的用法。分类的方法有多种,同一元音或元音字母组合发音相同的单词归为一类,根据词形词性、同义词反义词等集中记忆,把相同词根、前缀、后缀、合成、转化、派生等构词法相同的单词或词组列在一起集中识记印象比较深刻,记忆效果也比较明显。这样每天记40,80个单词,坚持不懈,多联想,多思考,多使用,词汇问题不就解决了吗,在学习的过程中多注视单词的用法和词组的搭配,牢记老师讲过的单词惯用法和句型,这样不仅有助于我们解题,而且在写作时也会信手拈来,运用自如。 把单词记住,了解词性、词义,掌握其固定搭配与习惯用法,背会时态、从句的各种用法,工作只是完成了一半,我们还得将它们应用到实践中去。就像学游泳,光学理论,不下水应用,不等于掌握了这门技术。不必要搞题海战术,但一定量的典型练习来巩固所学知识是必不可少的。先重视基础练习,如课后习题,单元同步练习,这些是针对课堂知识的巩固性练习,不能好高骛远,光想着一口吃个胖子。基础知识掌握后,有的放失地做一些语法方面的专项练习和考试题型的专题练习。特别提倡同学们 准备一本“错题集”,把平时做错的具有代表性的试题或语言点记录下来,以备将来查漏补缺,这样对知识的掌握可以达到事半功倍的效果。 英语是一种语言,不是记住了单词、词组、句型和语法项目就是把它学好了,关键在于使用语言,所以在学习英语时一定要注意听、说、读、写、译全面发展。英语学习首先是一个记忆过程,然后才是实践过程。学习英语,无论如何,勤奋是不可少的,它是一个日积月累的渐进过程,是没有任何捷径可走的,也没有所谓“速成”的灵丹妙方,急于求成,不做踏实工作,是学不好英语的。任何成功的获得都要靠自己的努力,要踏踏实实、勤勤恳恳、兢兢业业、一步一个脚印地学习,端正态度,认真对待学习中的挫折和失败。失败并不可怕,可怕的是对自己丧失信心而一蹶不振。对考试的失败,冷静分析,认真思考,只要对胜利充满信心,善于总结经验教训,不断努力,不断追求,胜利一定是属于你们的
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