2015届黑龙江省五常市高考英语阅读理解训练（3）

2015届黑龙江省五常市高考英语阅读理解训练（3） 2015黑龙江省五常市高考英语阅读理解暑假练习(3)及答案 阅读理解。阅读下列5篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 【山东省实验中学2014高考英语一模试】阅读理解A Ashok Gadgil has spent the past three decades helping people in need—and he has no plans to stop .On May 2, Gadgil won the$100(000 Lemelson-MIT Award for Global Innovation. Each year，the honor is given to an inventor who has improved the lives of people in developing countries. Gadgil„s inventions have helped more than 100 million people around the world. Gadgil is a professor and physicist at the University of California. When he’s not teaching， he works to find solutions to global problems such as energy efficiency and water safety. “I chose to focus on problems where my knowledge of science could help，”he said In the 1980s he came up with a program to make energy-efficient light bulbs more affordable for people in developing countries. Then in the 1990s，Gadgil designed his first life—saving invention，UV Waterworks .The device kills deadly disease —carrying germs(病菌)from drinking water. It costs just one cent to clean five liters of water .Gadgil was inspired to find an inexpensive solution to the clean water crisis after more than 10，000 people in his home country of India died from an outbreak of Bengal cholera，in 1993 The disease is spread through contaminated food and drinking water .So far，the invention has provided safe drinking water to more than five million people in poor areas. As a professor，Gadgil encourages his students to stay positive about finding solutions to hard problems.“Be optimistic when you try a hard problem(”he says. “It’s when you solve a large problem that you can have a big impact on the world” 41. Gadgil was given Lemelson-MIT Award for___________. A. his teaching experience B. his new physical research C. his vast knowledge D. his helpful inventions 42. What call we learn about UV Waterworks? A. It's Gadgil’s first invention B. It’s used to clean water( C. it was designed for his home country D. It saved 10，000 people in total 43 The underlined word “contamninated”in Paragraph 3 means__________. A. wasted B. consumed C. polluted D. canned 44. According to the last paragraph，Gadgil encourages his students__________. A. to learn lessons from failures B. to find problems in peaceful life C. to make inventions to help poor people D. to be confident when facing diffculties 45.Which of the following can best describe Gadgil? A. Caring and optimistic. B. Independent and positive. C. Powerful and strict. D. Responsible and sensitive. 【参考答案】41—45、DBCDA 社会生活类 . North Korean gymnast Hong Su Jong has been banned for two years by the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) for lying about her age. The FIG temporarily suspended Hong, a silver medal winner on the vault at the 2007 world championships, on October 6 after discovering she had registered for various international events claiming to be three different ages. “The FIG?s decision is a clear signal to those who would wilfully disregard the current rules surrounding gymnast age,” the sports world governing body said in a statement on Friday. “The health of its athletes and respect for the law are among the International Gymnastics Federation?s highest priorities.” The ban runs until October 5, 2012, with the North Korean gymnastics federation ordered to pay a 20,000 Swiss Franc (15,000 euros) fine. The gymnast and her federation have 21 days to appeal. Hong had been registered with three different birth years for international competition over the past six years. At the Athens Olympics in 2004 she was down as having been born on Match 9, 1985 but the date of March 9, 1989 was given for the worlds in Rotterdam last month which North Korea were excluded from competing in. At the same time, she was registered with a date of March 9, 1986, birth date at the 2007 world championships, where she won the silver medal on vault. If Hong was born in 1989, she would have been not qualified to compete in Athens. Gymnasts must turn 16 in the calendar year of an Olympics in order to be qualified. North Korea were banned from the 1993 worlds after FIG discovered that Kim Gwang Suk, the 1991 gold medallist on uneven bars, was listed as 15 years for three straight years. 1. What?s the probable meaning of the word“suspended”? A. stop working B. prohibit competing C. avoid entering D. admit making mistakes 2. How many times has Hong Su Jong attended world championships? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 3. What importance will this ban bring? A. It will remind every country to take the age problem seriously. B. It will bring the sports life of a famous Korean athlete to an end. C. It will strengthen the authority of the International Gymnastics Federation. D. It will enhance the seriousness of sports competition in words. 4. What effect will bring to North Korean gymnastics federation? A. North Korean will miss London Olympics. B. North Korean will hand in Hong Su Jong?s medal. C. North Korean will be banned to compete forever. D. North Korean will be required to withdraw from the association. 5. Which is right about Hong Su Jong? A. She was listed as 15 years for three straight years. B. She competed in the worlds in 2004, 2007 and 2010. C. She was refused to compete in the Rotterdam worlds. D. She won the silver medal in the Athens Olympics. 【参考答案】10.BAAAC 【山东省实验中学2014高考英语一模试】阅读理解B Global warming happens when greenhouse gases trap heat and light from the sun in the earth?s atmosphere, which increases the temperature. This is like when heat is trapped in a car. On a hot day, the car gets hotter when it is out in the parking lot. This is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car, by going through the windows，but it can’t get back out. This is what the greenhouse effect does to the earth .The heat and light can get through the atmosphere, but it can?t get out As a result，the temperature rises. Sometimes the temperature can change in a way that helps us. The greenhouse effect makes the earth appropriate for people to live on Without it，the earth would be freezing，or it would be burning hot. It would be freezing at night because we would not get the sun?s heat and light .During the day, especially during the summer,it would be burning because the sun would be up with no atmosphere to filter(过滤)it，so people，plants，and animals would be exposed to all the light and heat. Although the greenhouse effect makes the earth able to have people living on it，if there gets to be too many gases，the each can get unusually warmer, and many plants，animals(and people will die. Plants would die because they would not be able to take the heat .This would cause us to have less food to eat,and it would also limit the food that animals have. With less food for the animals that we need to survive we would even have less food. Gradually,people，plants，and animals would all die of hunger( People are doing many things to try to stop global warming .One thing is carpooling—driving with someone to a place that you are both going to. Another thing is being more careful about leaving electrical devices turned on. Now,more people are even riding buses or bikes to lower the amount of greenhouse gases in the air .Although adults do many things to help stop global warming,kids call do just as much. 46. By the example given in Paragraph l, the author wants to__________. A. explain how global warming happens B. show his feeling in a car in hot summer C. tell us cars are causes of greenhouse gases D. say that I there are greenhouse gases in every car 47. The underlined word„it” in Paragraph 2 refers to__________. A. light B. greenhouse effect C. temperature D. heat 48. What is the effect of at mosphere? A. IT only traps the heat of the sun. B. It does great harm to humans. C. It makes the earth neither to hot nor too cold. D. It prevents all the light from the sun shining on the earth. 49. What is the main idea of the third paragraph? A. lf there is greenhouse effect(all the plants will die B. Human beings are likely to disappear from the earth C. Crops can ′t take in the heat lf there is greenhouse effect D. Although greenhouse effect is necessary(Too much of it will cause us to die. 50. What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. What kids can do to help stop global warming. B. Who should be responsible for the environmental problems. C. What global warming is doing to the environment. D. Why cars and buses pollute the air a lot 【参考答案】46—50、ABCDA 较难题目特训:科普知识类 Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall?What do you think caused this change in colour?It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields. Components of Soil Soil is made up of a number of layers(层),each having its own distinctive colour and texture. The upper layer is know as the litter. It acts like a blanket,limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss. The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus(腐殖质),which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour. This layer is usually rich in nutrients,oxygen,and water. Below the topsoil is the subsoil,a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter. This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus. Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock. Soil forms from the bottom up. Over time bedrock is attacked by rain,wind,frost,and snow. It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering. Plants begin to grow,and rotten materials enrich the topsoil. Most of the soil in Eastern Canada,for example,was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared 12,000 years ago. Water Beneath the Soil Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes,ponds,and rivers. Once in the soil or rock,it is called groundwater. Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透). Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table. Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate. As water percolates downward,it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers. This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth. Soil pH Soil can be acidic,neutral,or basic. The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock from which it was formed,and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it. The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil. By burning fossil fuels such as coal,oil and gasoline,humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils. When fossil fuels are burned,gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain. Acid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels. As nutrients are removed,soil is less fertile. Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil,and also become easily attacked by diseases. 1. The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called . A. litter B. topsoil C. humus D. subsoil 2. According to the text,which of the following isNOT true? A. Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface. B. The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than the surface soil. C. Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil. D. Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth. 3. We can infer from the passage that the water table lies . A. between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer B. in the subsoil layer above bedrock C. between the subsoil layer and bedrock D. in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil 4. The underlined word“dissolve” is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are . A. rushed away into the river B. cleaned and purified by water C. destroyed and carried away by water D. mixed with water and become part of it 【参考答案】26.1-4 BBCD