大学英语四级考试写作指导!11

大学英语四级考试写作指导!11 写作范文与常用句型 I. 用于文章主题句 1.不用说?… It goes without saying that子句 = (It is) needless to say (that)子句 = It is obvious that子句 = Obviously, S. + V. 例:不用说早睡早起是值得的。 It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours. 2.…是不可能的; 无法… There is no Ving = There is no way of Ving. = There is no possibility of Ving. = It is impossible to V. = It is out of the question to V. = No one can V. = We cannot V. 例:不可否认的?成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。 There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind. 3.我深信… I am greatly convinced (that)子句 = I am greatly assured (that)子句 例:我深信预防是于治疗。 I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure. 4.在各种…之中?… Among various kinds of …, … = Of all the …, … 例:在各种运动中?我尤其喜欢慢跑。 Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular. 5.…是很容易证明的。 It can be easily proved (that)子句 例:时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。 It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time. 6.…无论如何强调都不为过 … cannot be overemphasized 例:交通安全的重要性无论如何强调都不为过。 The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized. 1 7.就我的看法?…;我认为… In my opinion, … = To my mind, …. = As far as I am concerned, … = I am of the opinion that子句 例:就我的看法?打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。 In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health. 8.(A) 每个人都知道… Everyone knows (that)子句 (B) 就我所知?… As far as my knowledge is concerned, … 例:就我所知?下列方法对我帮助很大。 As far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me. 9.毫无疑问地?… There is no doubt (that)子句 例:毫无疑问地?近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。 There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country. 10. 根据我个人经验?… According to my personal experience, … = Based on my personal experience, … 例:根据我个人经验?微笑已带给我许多好处。 According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good. 更值得我尊敬。 11. 在我认识的人当中?也许没有一个人比… Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than … 例:在我认识的人当中?也许没有一个人比我的英文老师张老师更值得我尊敬。 Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher. 12. 在我的求学过程中?我忘不了… In the course of my schooling. I will never forget … 例:在我的求学过程中?我忘不了学习英文所遭到的大困难。 In the course of my schooling. I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning English. 13. (A) 随着人口的增加?… With the increase/growth of the population, … (B) 随着科技的进步, … With the advance of science and technology, … 例:随着台湾经济的快速发展?许多社会问题产生了。 With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass. 14. (A) 在这信息的年代?…扮演重要的角色。 In the age of information and communication, … plays an important role. (B) 在今日工业社会中?…是生命不可或缺的。 In today's industrial society, … is indispensable to life. 2 例:在这信息的年代?计算机扮演非常重要的角色。 In this age of information and communication, the computer plays an extremely important role. 15. 在讨论…?一个人不得不承认…。 In dealing with …, one cannot but admit (that)子句 例:在讨论未来的职业?一个人不得不承认尽早决定未来的职业很重要。 In dealing with one's future career, one cannot but admit that it is very important to decide one's future career as early as possible. 16. 世上没有什么比…更令我高兴。 Nothing in the world can delight me so much as … 例:世上没有什么比到快餐店吃汉堡更令我高兴。 Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants. 17. … 是必要的 It is necessary that S (should) V … 是重要的 It is important/essential that S (should) V … 是适当的 It is proper that S (should) V … 是紧急的 It is urgent that S (should) V 例:我们当保持公共场所清洁是应当的。 It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean. 18. 每当我听到…?我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited. 每当我做…? 我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad. 每当我想到…?我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous. 每当我遭遇…?我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened. 每当我看到… 我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised. 例:每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪?我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad. = Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad. 19. 据说… It is said (that)子句 一般认为… It is thought (that)子句 大家都知道… It is known (that)子句 据报导… It is reported (that)子句 一般预料… It is expected (that)子句 一般估计… It is estimated (that)子句 一般相信… It is believed (that)子句 例:一般相信阅读增加我们的知识、扩大我们的心胸。 It is believed (that) reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind. 20. …的主要理由是… The main reason why ….. is (that)子句 例:青少年犯罪的主要理由是社会环境日一败坏。 The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse. 3 21. 俗语说得好:「…」。 Well goes an old saying, "…" = As an old saying goes(runs, says), "…" = An old saying goes, "…" = It's an old saying (that)子句 例:俗话说得好:「诚实为上策」。 As an old saying goes, "Honesty is the best policy." 22. (A) …用下列方法… … in the following ways. (B) …有三个主要理由。 … for three major reasons. …?至少我们可做三件事。 To …, there are at least three things we can do. (C) 要 例:(A) 我用下列方法增加信心。 I increase my confidence in the following ways. (B) 人们学外语有三个理由。 People learn a foreign language for three major reasons. (C) 为了维护健康?我们每天至少可做三件事。 To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day. II. 用于文章承转句 23. 那就是(说)…;亦即… That is to say, … = That is, … = Namely, … 例:我们生活需有规律。也就是说?早睡早起?戒除烟酒。 We need to live a regular life. That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities. 24. (A) 基于这个理由?… For this reason, … (B) 为了这个目的?… For this purpose, … 例:基于这个理由?我已决定把行医作为未来的职业。 For this reason, I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career. 25. 我们有理由相信… We have reasons to believe (that)子句 例:我们有理由相信体罚应该严格禁止。 We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited. 26. 事实上?… As a matter of fact, … = In fact, … 例:事实上?健康才是最重要。 As a matter of fact, it is health that counts. 27. (A) 例如?… For example, … (B) 拿…做例子 Take … for example. 4 例:例如?我们盲目地提高生活水准?却降低生活品质。 For example, we elevate the living standards blindly, but lower the quality of life. ?我们不应忽视… 28. 此外 Besides (In addition), we should not neglect … 例:此外?我们不应忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会。 In addition, we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society. 29. 相反地?… on the contrary, … = by contrast, … 例:相反地?少数学生似乎还在鬼混。 On the contrary, a few students, it seems, are still fooling around. 30. 另一方面?… on the other hand, … 例:政府应严格执法?另一方面?大众也应该培养减少污染的好习惯。 The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other hand, the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution. 31. 然而?很可惜的是… However, it is a pity that子句 例:然而?很可惜的是他总是临时抱佛脚。 However, it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour. 32. 换言之?… in other words, … = to put it differently 例:换言之?我会尽最大的努力达成我的目标。 In other words, I will try my best to attain (gain, live up to) my goal. 33. 别人可能认为这是事实?但我不是。我认为… It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't. I believe that子句 例:别人可能认为这是事实?但我不是。我认为… It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't. I believe that if you have strong determination and perseverance, the success will certainly come to you in the end. 34. 从此之后?我已发现… Ever since then, I have found that子句 例:从此之后?我已发现… Ever since then, I have found smile the best way to avoid any possible conflicts in our daily lives. 35. 这样说来?假如...?当然毫无疑问地…。 In this light, if…, there can surely be no doubt (that) 子句 例:这样说来?假如我们能善用时间?当然毫无疑问地我们会成功。 In this light, if we can make good use of time, there can surely be no doubt that we will get somewhere. 5 36. 更严重的是?…。 What is more serious is (that)子句 例:更严重的是?我们不珍惜野生动物。 What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife. 37. 鉴于社会的实际需要?…。 In view of the practical need of society, …. 例:鉴于社会的实际需要?愈来愈多人对学英语有兴趣。 In view of the practical need of society, there are more and more people interested in learning English. III. 用于文章结论句 38. 如果能实践这三点?…。 If one can really put the three points into action (practice), … 例:如果能实践这三点?…。 If one can really put the three points into action(practice), he will surely be able to live a healthy and happy life. 39. 做这些简单之事?我们一定可以…。 By doing these simple things, we surely can …. 例:做这些简单之事?我们一定可以快乐出门平安回家。 By doing these simple things, we surely can go out of the door happily and come back home safe every day. 40. 如此?我相信…。 In this way, I believe (that)子句 例:如此?我相信大家能够像我一样?享受乘坐公车的乐趣。 In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me. 41. 实践这些?…。 By putting them (the above) into practice, …. 例:实践这些?在智育方面我一直能不断进步。 By putting them(the above) into practice, I have been able to make constant progress in intellectual education. 42. (A) 唯有符合此三项要求?我们才能…。 Only by living up to the three requirements, can we …. (B) 唯有通力合作?我们才能…。 Only with combined efforts, can we …. 例:唯有通力合作?我们才能期望台湾不久有新的面貌。 Only with combined efforts, can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course. 43. 最后?但并非最不重要?…。 Last but no least, …. 例:最后?但并非最不重要?教育上的缺失是助长青少年犯罪的原因。 Last but no least, the shortcoming in education is the cause contributing to juvenile delinquency. 6 44. 这证据显示,的重要性在怎么强调都不为过。 This evidence shows that the importance of , cannot be overemphasized. 例:这证据显示交通安全的重要性在怎么强调都不为过。 This evidence shows that the importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized. 45. 由于这些理由?我…。 For these reasons, I …. 例:由于这些理由?我认为在台湾接受大学教育是明智的。 For these reasons, I think that receiving college education in Taiwan is wise. 46. 总而言之?…。 In conclusion, … = To sum up, … 例:总而言之?好国民应该遵守交通规则。 In conclusion, a good citizen should abide by traffic regulations. 47. 因此?我们能下个结论?那就是…。 We can, therefore, come to the conclusion (that)子句 例:因此?我们能下个结论?那就是世上自由罪珍贵。 We can, therefore, come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world. 48. 如果我们能做到如上所述?毫无疑问地?…。 If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt (that)子句 例:如果我们能做到如上所述?毫无疑问地?我们就能精通英语。 If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that we can master English 49. 因此?这就是…的原因。 Thus, this is the reason why …. 例:因此?这就是我重感冒的原因。 Thus, this is the reason why I caught a bad cold. 50. 所以?我们应该了解…。 Therefore, we should realize (that)子句 例:所以?我们应该了解学英文不能没有字典。 Therefore, we should realize that in learning English we cannot do without a dictionary. 51. 因此?由上列的讨论我们可以明了…。 We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion (that)子句 例:因此?由上列的讨论我们可以明了毅力可以克服任何困难。 We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion that perseverance can overcome any difficulty. 52.(1) 从,观点来看?…。 From the , point of view, …. (2) 根据,的看法?…。 According to , point of view, …. 例:从政治的观点来看?这是一个很复杂的问题。 From the political point of view, it is a very complex problem. 7 参考范文16篇 第一篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Jill. Write a letter to your friend Li Fang. You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese:假设你的好朋友李芳是大学四年级学生，正在考虑是考研究生继续深造还是大学毕业后就踏上工作岗位。请给她写封信 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 明你的态度。 Dear Fang, I understand that you are in a dilemma. Although so many graduates are eager to set feet on their work-life road, there are still some who prefer to start their new life after gaining another degree to make better preparation for entering society. In my opinion, the latter are more admirable. You are good at all your courses these years, so if you do like to spend another two or three years on campus, you should stick to it. In today's society, the achievement and status you can get and the devotion you can make are no doubt in proportion to your educational background and degrees, coupled with the efforts you put in them. If you want to stride to your destinations more smoothly and easily, why not head for the further study courageously? Whichever you choose, I firmly believe your industry will ensure your success. After all, it is you who have the finally say on the final choice. Best wishes, Yours sincerely 第二篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: My View on the post-graduate Craze. You should write at least 120 words and you?re your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1 目前考研究生形成热潮。2 我认为这股热潮的原因是...... My View on the Post-graduate Craze Every year, million of college students will sit in for the post-graduate entrance examination. More and more students have regarded the pursuing of a master degree as an indispensable part of their education. What is to account for their enthusiasm for a post-graduate diploma? First, it is the demand of the time. In an age of knowledge updating and information explosion, what you have learned in college can hardly meet the demand of society. Talents of high quality who are equipped with the latest knowledge and skill will be needed more than ever. That is why many students will further their studies. Second, we all recognize that the more education you have, the more likely you are to succeed. Compared with those without a master degree, masters will enjoy more preferential treatment, for example, better salaries, more opportunities for promotion and training. A post-graduate degree can guarantee a more promising career. Last but not least, with the graduation of a large number of college students, competition for jobs becomes more and more fierce. One way to gain some advantage over others is to have a higher degree. No wonder millions of students will consider pursuing a post-graduate degree. 第三篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Fascinating China. You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese:一位外国朋友第一次来中国，他想让你介绍两三样极具中国特色的事物(可以是风俗文化等)， 你会向他介绍什么,如何介绍,Fascination China China, one of the cradles of human civilization, possesses so many treasures with Chinese characteristics that numerous foreign friends come to visit her. The first place to go to is, the Great Wall, which is the symbol of China and one of the seven wonders in the world. What's more, it is said to be the only construction that can be seen from the outer space. In the imperial periods, it was used in defense of the dynasties. Since liberation, it has become a place of interest. There is a famous saying: "He who does not reach the Great Wall isn't a true man." China is home to Panda, an animal with only two colors, white and black, but very cute. It's our national treasure, often functioning as a friendly diplomat. Terracotta-clay warriors unearthed in Xi'an, a famous ancient city-were sculptured in Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of China. When former U.S. President Clinton came to China, he visited terracotta?s first. The above mentioned are just a wave of the sea. If you want to know more about this ancient nation, come and be our guest. 第四篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Something I admire about the Western Culture. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below: 1. Is there anything in the Western culture you admire? 2。 What is it (are they) and why do you like it (them)? Something I Admire about the Western Culture Despite the cultural conflicts 8 between the Orient and the Occident, there do exist some admirable ingredients in the Western culture. First and foremost, the equality between parents and children. The parents are not always superior to their children, and the children do not always need to obey their parents „order, that is, they are more like close friends. Second, the independent personality. Western people have a strong sense of supporting themselves and being independent. They begin earning their pocket money early in their life, even as kids. Last, Western people do not always assess a person according to his background. If only he can achieve success through personal struggle, he can win status. It's a talent-oriented society, not background-oriented. 第五篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Campus Life. You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese: Campus Life Early in senior high school, we longed to be enrolled in a university. Now the dream has come true. But how do we college students like our campus life? Certainly, some relish it, finding it colorful and rewarding. Besides study, they spend considerable amount of time improving themselves in various aspect. Yet others do not think much of their college life, thus do not benefit as much. In their eyes, the university is just a bigger high school. The only difference is that they have more time at their disposal without parents looking over their shoulder. As to me, college life is ideal if only I have abundant books to read, some bosom friends to keep me company, a couple of conscientious professors to instruct me, and an easy access to the Internet. 第六篇Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: My opinion on Campus Love. You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese:1. Some people are strongly against campus love.2. Some people accept it.3. My view. My opinion on Campus Love Campus love isn't a newly-born phenomenon. Some people are strongly against it while some others think it's natural. I don't advocate it. The reasons are as follows. First of all, undergraduates are neither fully psychologically mature nor able to assume the responsibility, especially freshmen and sophomores. Second, they may indulge in it, thus dilapidate their study, which isn't rare. Third, some just take advantage of it to kill time, avoid boredom with much time at their own disposals, have someone keep company, etc. What's more, some change dating "partners" frequently, holding a paradox opinion that they could show off their charm or accumulate experience, but more often than not, they would leave a bad impression, such as lacking the sense of responsibility, on others, especially their former sweethearts. Last, the proportion of successful couples is too low. The overwhelming majority reach the same end-parting just before graduation, forced by reality, etc. So, look before you leap, discard campus love and make a wiser decision after graduation. 第七篇Directions: The summer vacation is drawing near. You, Liming by name, want to find a part-time job. Write an application letter of about 120-150 words within 30 minutes. Dear Sirs, I'm Li Ming, a sophomore majoring in English at XX University. I read in yesterday's newspaper that you are looking for a part-time secretary and I think I'll prove to be a real find for you. During the past two years at university, I?ve taken over 18 compulsory and optional course, and have according improved my ability of English listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation considerably. Besides, I have learned a lot about foreign relations and trade. At leisure, I always try to grasp every precious opportunity to practice English with native speakers. As a matter of fact, I've already tried some translation and interpretation jobs. I once worked as a temporary interpreter at the East China Export Commodities Fair. In addition, during the past two years, I have been working as a part-time tour guide. My jobs offered me good opportunities to improve my English and work competence and I enjoy them very much. Two weeks from now, I will be on holiday again. If you can grant me the honor to work for your company as a secretary for two months, I'd feel obliged. Thank you for reading my application letter. I'm looking forward to your reply. 第八篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Opinion on Advertisement. You 9 should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline below: Some people hold the idea that the advertisement is a necessary evil in modern life. What do you think? My Opinion on Advertisement。 As is known to all, angels and evils are poles apart. But is there anything that combines the two perfectly? Some there is-the advertisement. With the growing influence of mass media, advertising invades every aspect of our lives. Whenever we turn on the TV, look through a newspaper, open the mailbox, or surf on the Internet, advertisements would immediately jump into our sight. As they make things so attractive, we often end up buying things that we do not really need. Advertising not only adds to the price of the goods, thus harming the consumer's interest, but also imposes a kind of materialistic value upon the audience. But that is only part of the story-advertisements are informative as well as persuasive. They provide us with up-to-date information about the latest products. Some advertisements are so elegantly presented that we are inspired or even moved. No matter it is an evil or an angel, advertisement has become an indispensable part of our modern life. 第九篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: School or Major. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline below:1.选择报考的高校时，有人先考虑大学的名气，有人先考虑专业是否热门。2.如果两者不能兼顾，你先考虑哪个,为什么, School or Major Recent years have witnessed a steady increase in the popularity of such majors as international finance, finance and accountancy, international trade and business administration. In the meantime, whether to choose good university or a good major has provoked a debate. It is true that graduates from prestigious universities are popular in talent markets, so, many students would spare no efforts to be enrolled in good universities. To them, entering a good university means standing on the threshold of a promising career after graduation. But, a good university can give you confidence as well as much competitive pressure and even the best university has unpopular majors, thus in today's job-hunting society, graduates from these majors could encounter much difficulty in finding a job, let alone a good one, which means they are out of job immediately after graduation. How about a good major? Maybe you are studying in a common university, but your major is of great competition, then do you still need to worry about your future? A good major can ensure your future success based on your industry and mastery of your major. If your major is exclusive to only several universities, you surely will become a scarce talent. Do not always pursue a good university; choosing a good major suitable to you is wiser. 第十篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: What does friendship mean? You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1.友谊是人生永恒的主题。2.友谊到底意味着什么。3.友谊的重要性。 What does friendship mean? There is no definite answer. An eternal theme in literature, friendship is also indispensable in daily life. Friendship is to our life what salt is to dasher. When you are happy, friendship is just like adding flowers on the brocade; when you are sad, friendship is a dose of consolation; if you are in trouble, friends will surround you and remove the barriers for you; if you have a hard nut to crack, you can turn to friends for help. We admire the great friendship between Marx and Engel, which firmly combined them and pushed them forward on the road to exploring and fulfilling Communism. Friendship isn't almighty, but no one can live happily without it. 第十一篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of about 120-150 words. Write a letter to the Law Department in a university to apply for the M.A. course of business law. Dear Sir or Madam: I read with great interest the information of graduate studies in your university. I am particularly interested in the course of business law. I am writing to apply for the M.A. course of business law beginning in October, 2003. I am a student of the Law School of ABC University where I have had four years' study of civil law, criminal law, administrative law, environmental law, 10 constitutional law, business law and many other subjects. During those four years in college, I have passed all the required courses of study with satisfactory marks. Enclosed herewith is a certified copy of my academic report form the department concerned. You will notice that I obtained very excellent results in business law. I have always found business law an interesting subject. I would like to further my study in this field at your prestigious university. I therefore request more detailed information for the course. Thank you in advance for your prompt attention to this. I look forward to hearing from you. 第十二篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter of about 120-150 words to your cousin. In the letter, you should give him some advice how to prepare for the college entrance examination he is going to take next month. Dear Xiao Yan, Your entrance examination is drawing near now, and I expect you to be very busy preparing for it and a little nervous. But I believe that you will do well. As a good friend of yours and survivor of the exam, I am going to give you a few practical hints. It is no good to go on studying until the last minute of examination. What you need in the exam is a clear mind. If you tire yourself out before the examination, you will not be mentally and physically ready for it. So a day or two before the examination just relax-leave your books shut and try some other things: get out into the open air; do some physical exercises; see a film; have fun. When you take the exam, don't feel nervous. Breathe deeply and picture yourself performing well in all the tests. Then, read the questions through carefully and thoughtfully, and put your answer down to paper. Last, you should pay attention to the time. Keep an eye on the clock and allot appropriate time to each section. I hope all these suggestions will be helpful to you. Best wishes for your success. Yours affectionately 第十三篇Direction: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On Stress. You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the online below:1.有的人害怕压力。2.有的人认为压力并不是一件坏事。3.我的看法。 On Stress With the fast are pace of modern life, more and more people are living under great pressure. Some people are afraid of pressure. They think that the stresses and strains of work deprive them of joy and happiness. In their view, stress does harm to them both physically and mentally. That is why they prefer something less competitive and strenuous to something more demanding and challenging. Others argue that stress isn't as bad as it often supposed to be. Unless it is overwhelming, a certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and stimulation. With out stress, you may slack off and idle away your time. It gives purpose and meaning to an otherwise meaningless, dull life. People under stress tend to bring their potential into full play and to realize their goals. In my opinion, we shouldn't escape from stress but to face it as it is. What we can do is to adapt to the stress and to profit from it rather than to avoid it. 第十四篇Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic City Problems. You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:1.越来越多的人涌入大城市，有些问题随之产生。2.比较明显的大问题有......3.我对这种现象的想法。 City Problems Nowadays, millions of migrant workers flock into cities in search of jobs and better living. However, with the sharp rise in the urban population, many problems arise in the development of cities. Firstly, cities become more and more crowded, putting much pressure upon transportation, housing, sanitation, education, employment and so on. City services and facilities have been strained to a breaking point. Secondly, a growing number of private cars emit huge amount of carbon dioxide, leaving the air mercilessly polluted. What is more, the city is also threatened by rising crime. Not a single day passes without the report of someone being robbed, kidnapped or murdered. Last but not least, city-dwellers are not only separated from the natural world but also isolated from each other, even not knowing the name of 11 their next-door neighbor. All these problems have harmed the attractiveness of the city. Unless there is some improvement, more and more people may seek to live in the suburbs. 第十五篇Direction: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Cars and Air Pollution. You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:1.私家轿车越来越多，有些问题随之产生。2.比较明显的大问题有......3.我对这种现象的看法。 Car and Air Pollution Too many cars have created a lot of serious problems in our world. Besides congestion, accidents and fast fuel consumption, cars are responsible for a good part of air pollution in big cities. All the time, they are pumping huge amounts of waste gases into the atmosphere. These gases are very harmful, causing disease and even death. One possible solution is to design and develop clean cars and clean fuels. In Shanghai, some of the public buses begin to run on natural gas, which does not give off as much carbon dioxide as the petrol. But it may take decades for the new models of clean cars completely replace the traditional ones. Another solution is to develop modern public transportation systems and restrict the use of private cars. If the price of petrol rises constantly and the public vehicles are efficient and convenient enough, most people will not buy private cars. And the total number of cars in big cities will reduce greatly. On the whole, the elimination of air pollution needs the collective efforts from the government, the public and the environmentalists. 第十六篇Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Fast Food. Your composition should be based on the Outline given below:1.快餐在中国十分流行2.快餐受欢迎的原因3.我对快餐的看法Fast Food Fast food is becoming more and more popular in China, especially among children and teenagers. Today, nothing is more representative of the fast pace of modern society than fast food. There are several reasons for its popularity. First, it is quick and convenient. Go into a fast food restaurant, and your food will be ready in a minute. You can satisfy your hunger instantly. Precious time won't be wasted in waiting-in-line to order or waiting at your table for your food to arrive. Second, its popularity is also attributed to the clean food, the excellent service and the comfortable environment of the fast food restaurant. However, I think that fast food isn't healthy enough because it does not compose a balanced diet and is low in nutrition. Doctors suggest that people should avoid eating too much fast food. Although home cooking is time-consuming and following washing-u p tiresome, it offers healthy and delicious meals your body likes and needs. Fast food I s only a good choice when you are in a hurry and we should turn to it only once in a while. 大学英语四六级作文 模板 个人简介word模板免费下载关于员工迟到处罚通告模板康奈尔office模板下载康奈尔 笔记本 模板 下载软件方案模板免费下载 大全 (一) 说明 关于失联党员情况说明岗位说明总经理岗位说明书会计岗位说明书行政主管岗位说明书 原因型模板 模板1: Currently, XX has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than XX It is clear that (1). If you (2), as a result, your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you (3).Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (5).It will exert a profound influence upon (6).With reference to my standpoint, I think (7). 注释: (1) XX的第一个优点 (2) 支持XX的做法 (3) 不支持XX的做法 12 (4) XX的第二个优点 (5) 举例证明优点二 (6) 说明XX优点三的影响 相应作文:The importance of self-confidence Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than self-confidence. It is clear that (self-confidence means trust in one's abilities). If you (are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you (have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything ). Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (the secret of MMe. Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular). It will exert a profound influence upon (the achievement of one's ambitions). With reference to my standpoint, I think (he that can have self-confidence can have what he will). 模板2: In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on (1). The factors for (2).First of all, (3).Then, there comes a case that (4). Moreover, (5). Especially when (6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind people that (7).In this way, we should behave just like (8). 相应作文:The impact of Television In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels. It has caused a heated debate on (the impact of television on children). Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children. The factors for (parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all, (with so many programs to choose from, children are not getting as much exercise as they should).Then, there comes a case that (some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school ). Moreover, (the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies). Especially when (the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that (they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply. 模板3: For most of us today, (1). From above, we can find that the reasons why (2)are as follows. The primary reason, I think, is (3).Second,(4). The third reason, actually, is (5).The significance for (6)。Therefore, (7). 注释: (1) 人们针对XX的态度和举措 (2) 归纳现状 (3) 第一个原因 (4) 第二个原因 (5) 第三个原因 (6) 重申造成现状的最重要原因 相应作文:Pollution Most of us today (recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem. lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air. many fish die of poisonous water. thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in gas. therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling, or bringing death not only to human beings, but also to wild life.)From above, we can find that the reasons why (environment are polluted more are as follows. the primary reason, I think, is 13 (the reason of harmful substances into environment. for example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests. however, they pollute air, water and land ).Second,(the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly ). the third reason actually is (the result of a growing population in the world. everyday, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, also pollute the environment ). The significance for (controlling pollution) noted that it's high time that more effective measures should be taken. Therefore, (new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories. moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste. let's make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us). 模板4: These days we often hear that (1).It is common that (2). Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (3).For another, (4). What is more, since (5),it is natural that (6 ).To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying. We should do something such as (7) to improve he present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future. 注释: (1) 提出论题 (2) 说明现状 (3) 理由一 (4) 理由二 (5) 理由三 (6) 理由三引起的后果 (7) 解决方法 相应作文: Pollution of environment These days we often hear that (our living conditions are getting more and more serious because of the destruction of our environment ).It is common that (many trees and animals are near extinction, and the all-important food chain has been destroyed.).Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (the population of the world is increasing so rapidly that the world has been so crowded. ).For another,(the overuse of natural resources has influenced the balance of natural ecology ). What is more, since (the industrial revolution ),it is natural that (a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms. The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment).To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worthing. We should do something such as (planting more trees, equipping cars with pollution-control devices and learning to recycling natural resources )to improve the present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future. (二) 图表式作文模板 It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少). What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … (多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势). (三) 提纲式作文模板 模板1:对立观点式 A(有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么, B(有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么, 14 C(我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 模板2:批驳观点式 A(一个错误观点。 B(我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。 There might be some element of truth in these people?s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。 模板3:社会问题(现象)式 A(一个社会问题或者现象 B(产生的原因 C(对社会和我们生活的影响 D(如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话) E(前景的预测。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 同上Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will …….. (四) 辩论式议论文模板 模板1: Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3. In summary, 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或:From above, we can predict that 预测. 模板2: People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 论据1.For another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3. To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测. 模板3: There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons 15 are obvious. First of all, 论据1。 Furthermore, 论据2。Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测. 英语四六级作文DIY模板:正反观点题型 第一部分、四六级作文:正反观点题型作文DIY写作步骤 要求考生从正反两个方面来论证某一观点，如2000年6月四级作文、1996年6月四六级作文>、1996年1月英语四六级作文。对这类题型，通常分为四个步骤来写: 第一段、文章开头，简单一下事件 第二段、阐述提纲中列举的第一种看法，给出理由或者举例说明: 主题句，理由/举例1+理由/举例2+理由/举例3 第三段、阐述提纲中列举的第一种看法，给出理由或者举例说明: 主题句，理由/举例1+理由/举例2+理由/举例3 第四段、表明自己的观点结束全文 在结尾的时候，一定要表明自己的观点。 第二部分、正反观点题型作文DIY写作范文练习 ,实战演练, Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic China Jointing WTO. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline below: 1、加入WTO给我们带来的好处; 2、加入WTO给我们带来的不利方面; 3、我们该如何做。 ,DIY写作模板:架构阶段, 第一段:文章的开头 开篇句句:________finally succeeded in _____ after many's efforts. 扩展句:_____ will influence _____ greatly. 第二段:表达正面观点 16 主题句:____ brings ____ many benefits and opportunities. 扩展句:1、As _____ , ______ can ______. 2、What's more, __________. 第三段:表达反面观点 主题句:Every thing has two aspects. 扩展句:1、___ can also bring us some challenges. For example, ______. 2、In addition, it will be more difficult for _____ to _____, as ____. 第四段:结尾，表明自己看法 结尾句:However, ____ does more good than harm to ____. 扩展句:What we should do is to ______. ,DIY写作模板:填充阶段, 第一段:文章的开头 开篇句句:China finally succeeded in jointing the WTO after many's efforts. 扩展句:This event will influence the economy in China greatly. 第二段:表达正面观点 主题句:Jointing the WTObringsChina many benefits and opportunities. 扩展句:1、As a member country, China can enjoy many rights that can boost the development of the economy in China. 2、What's more, the Chinese people can buy product of high quality with less pay. 第三段:表达反面观点 主题句:Every thing has two aspects. 扩展句:1、Joining the WTO can also bring us some challenges. For example, some producers may be wiped out because of the intense competition. 2、In addition, it will be more difficult forus to get a job, as the requirement for the employees will become higher. 第四段:结尾，表明自己看法 17 结尾句:However, this great event does more good than harm to us. 扩展句:What we should do is to improve ourselves to become qualified for certain positions and live a better life. 第三部分、范文 China finally succeeded in jointing the WTO after many's efforts.This event will influence the economy in China greatly. Jointing the WTO brings China many benefits and opportunities. As a member country, China can enjoy many rights that can boost the development of the economy in China. What's more, the Chinese people can buy product of high quality with less pay. Every thing has two aspects. Joining the WTO can also bring us some challenges. For example, some producers may be wiped out because of the intense competition. In addition, it will be more difficult for us to get a job, as the requirement for the employees will become higher. However, this great event does more good than harm to us.What we should do is to improve ourselves to become qualified for certain positions and live a better life. 英语四六级作文DIY模板:英文信函题型 第一部分、四六级作文:英文信函题型作文DIY写作步骤 要求考生根据提纲写一封英文书信，如2005年12月六级作文、2005年1月四六级作文、2004年6月四六级作文、2004年1月四级作文。对这类题型，通常分为5个步骤来写: 第一段、文章开头:称呼 第二段、寒暄语句，引出写信的目的: 寒暄句，主题句(注:寒暄句和主题句可以是同一个句子) 第三段、根据提纲扩展主体段落: 主题句，扩展句1+扩展句2+扩展句3 第四段、表明自己的观点，并结束书信主体段落 在最后要他谈自己的看法 第五段、寒暄句+落款 第二部分、英文信函题型作文DIY写作范文练习 ,实战演练, 18 Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service Campus. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline below: 假如你是李明，请你就本学校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应包括:食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，也可以是批评建议，也可以都有。 ,DIY写作模板:架构阶段, 第一段:称呼 Dear Mr. President, 第二段:引出写信的目的 主题句: This letter comes to you from ____. 扩展句: In it, some opinions are put forward for you to reflect upon. 第三段:对学校食堂正面的看法 主题句:As you know, _____ . But unfortunately, ______. 扩展句:1、___. (举例)As a result, _____. 2、Besides, ______. 3、And what's more,_____. 第四段:对学校食堂负面的看法 主题句:Some people may argue that ____. 扩展句:1、For instance, ____ and ____. 2、But in my opinon, ______. 第五段:结尾，表明自己看法 结尾句:To be belief, though a bit dissatisfied with _____. 扩展句:I do believe that, with the efforts of all people concerned, we can solved the problems there. Thanks.Li Ming ,DIY写作模板:填充阶段, 第一段:称呼 Dear Mr. President, 19 第二段:引出写信的目的 主题句: This letter comes to you from one of your students. 扩展句: In it, some opinions are put forward for you to reflect upon. 第三段:对学校食堂的看法 主题句:As you know,our students are the main customers of the university canteen. But unfortunately, we don't find the service there satisfying sometimes. 扩展句:1、The food is not as nutritious as it should be. (举例)As a result, some of us become thinner and weaker at university. 2、Besides, sometimes the canteen people just bring us steamed bread with their dirty bare hands. 3、And what's more,the fare is also a little higher at university. 第四段:别人对食堂看法 主题句:Some people may argue that measures have been taken and things are improving there. 扩展句:1、For instance, Ic cards have taken the place of money in the canteed, and the attitude of the service people is also changing. 2、But in my opinon, progress is not so quick and thorough. 第五段:结尾，表明自己看法 结尾句:To be belief, though a bit dissatisfied with the present canteen conditions, 扩展句:I do believe that, with the efforts of all people concerned, we can solved the problems there. Thanks. 第三部分、范文 Dear Mr. President, This letter comes to you from one of your students. In it, some opinions are put forward for you to reflect upon. As you know, our students are the main customers of the university canteen. But unfortunately, we don't find the service there satisfying sometimes. The food is not as nutritious as it should be. As a result, some of us become thinner and weaker at university. Besides, sometimes the canteen people just bring us steamed bread with their dirty bare hands. And what's more, the fare is also a little higher at university. Some people may argue that measures have been taken and things are improving there. For instance, Ic cards have taken the place of money in the canteed, and the attitude of the service people is also changing. But in my opinon, progress is not so quick and thorough. To be belief, though a bit dissatisfied with the present canteen conditions, I do believe that, with the efforts of all people concerned, we can solved the problems there. 20 Thanks. Your students, Li Ming 四六级作文常见结构 考试作文怎么写能出彩 考试日近，许多同学问同样一个问题，会考什么类型的文章呢,能不能预测几个题目,昨天在苏州上完课之后，一位同学很神秘地说:“老师，你是不是知道作文的题目不告诉我们啊,”当即无语。大家急切的心情我能够理解，但是试题的保密性却也是人所共知。我认为，除了极少数的情况，文章类型对文章的整体结构与最后的成文影响甚微。 文章分为开头的起始段、中间的核心段和结尾的结束段，最常见是三个段落，也有四个段落和两个段落，但并不多见。文章最终的具体模样变化极大，但结构却较为固定。开头和结尾中间的核心部分大多时候是一个段落，也有的时候是两个段落。开头和结尾有可能与中间的核心部分融为一段，但前者的可能并不大，更不存在两者都融合的情形。开头总是引入主题的段落，所以不管是书信还是图表关系都不大(主要只影响第一个段落)，只要符合各自的情形即可。 四、六级写作(主要讲中间核心段落)最常见的有三种情况。第一种情况就是对立观点(包括选择子类)的情况。这种情况主要有(AB——I——C)、(A——B——I)和(AB——AB——I)的写法(其中A和B表示对立的观点，I表示我，,表示结论。具体分析参见贡献写作心得之一)，其中每个文章都有开篇句，放在第一段的开头。这里若只有一句话，单独成段就不大可能。若有两句话或以上，就可单独成段，但这种情形并不多。 第二种情形是事物性质的情形(包括利弊子类)。开头一般单独成段。中间根据要求，有时利与弊都写，有时只写优点，有时只写问题或弊病。 第三种情形是提出问题——分析原因——提出解决办法的情形。这种情况的混合模板最多。注意根据具体情况第二段有可能略去，第三段可以非常简略。 上述包含了大部分的情形，但还不完全。让我们在纵向分析以后，来进行一下横向的分析。 开头:引入主题 中间,: 1)对立观点 2)利弊、优点或问题 3)分析原因(有时是分析必要性) 中间,: 1)自己的看法或做法(想想整体——个体的情形) 2)解决办法(或趋势展望) 21 结尾:结论 中间核心的部分,是可能没有的，或者用很简洁的话与结尾融在一起。也可能没有,有,，这种可能性很小。这样分析以后，绝大多数文章就包含进来了。但大家注意，这种模式没有覆盖纯粹的记叙文和描写文——这两种文章的记叙和描写的部分是没有模板的，只有靠大家分别依据时间和空间的线索去发挥了。 在这里我们举几个比较难的例子，先谈谈涉及自己(整体——个体)的情形: My View on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements 1. 现在有些不良的商业广告 2. 这些广告的副作用和危害性 3. 我对这些广告的态度 这是95年1月六级真题。写成三段。起始段可写成两句话，许多不良广告——危害巨大，注意这两句话可以合并成一句。第二段可以从三方面分析危害，首句要写好——其危害可以总结如下。第三段写态度，因为次段已写了危害，这段应该写解决办法。因为这篇文章有两个重要模块(即第二、第三段)，可以写得干净利索，只分两个方面。建议段内写成四句话，即总分总的结构，如下: In my mind, the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end to these false advertisements. On the one hand, the government should punish the advertisers severely lest they harm the customers again. On the other hand, common citizens should report such harmful advertisements as soon as possible. Only by the joint efforts of the government and the common people can we do away with false advertisements. 首句中in my mind这样的词组或句型不可少，扣提纲中的第三点和标题开头。次句和第三句力求平行、工整。最后一句采用only引起倒装句，效果强烈，此段中的呼应(coherence)达到极点，最后文章以false advertisements结尾来扣标题中心词。 Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports (1993.1) 1. 体育运动的好处 2. 体育运动可能带来的副作用 3. 我参加体育运动的体会 The Two-Day Weekend (1996.1) 1. 双休日给大学生带来的好处 2. 双休日可能给大学生带来的问题 3. 我应当怎样过好双休日 这两篇文章要特别注意写好第三点，把自己的独到之处写出来。 22 Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? (2000.6) 1.很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是...... 2.也有人持不同的意见，...... 3.我的看法和打算 这篇文章注意第三点的写作，既有看法又有打算。 Reading Selectively or Extensively? (1999.6) 1. 有人认为读书要有选择; 2. 有人认为应当博览群书; 3. 我的看法。 这篇文章最好的办法是融合两种观点，写得精彩的话可得高分。 How I Finance My College Education(2000.1) 1. 大学的费用(tuition ?胭鵊臉???灡版权所有沪江网灡???臉鵊胭?and fees)可以通 过多种途径解决 2. 哪种途径适合我(说明理由) 英语四六级作文DIY模板:英文信函题型 日期:2006-05-23 来源:竟学网 第一部分、四六级作文:英文信函题型作文DIY写作步骤 要求考生根据提纲写一封英文书信，如2005年12月六级作文、2005年1月四六级作文、2004年6月四六级作文、2004年1 月四级作文。对这类题型，通常分为5个步骤来写: 第一段、文章开头:称呼 第二段、寒暄语句，引出写信的目的: 寒暄句，主题句(注:寒暄句和主题句可以是同一个句子) 第三段、根据提纲扩展主体段落: 主题句，扩展句1+扩展句2+扩展句3 第四段、表明自己的观点，并结束书信主体段落 23 在最后要他谈自己的看法 第五段、寒暄句+落款 第二部分、英文信函题型作文DIY写作范文练习 ,实战演练, Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topicA Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service Campus. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline below: 假如你是李明，请你就本学校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应包括:食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬， 也可以是批评建议，也可以都有。 ,DIY写作模板:架构阶段, 第一段:称呼 Dear Mr. President, 第二段:引出写信的目的 主题句: This letter comes to you from ____. 扩展句: In it, some opinions are put forward for you to reflect upon. 第三段:对学校食堂正面的看法 主题句:As you know, _____ . But unfortunately, ______. 扩展句:1、___. (举例)As a result, _____. 2、Besides, ______. 3、And what's more,_____. 第四段:对学校食堂负面的看法 主题句:Some people may argue that ____. 扩展句:1、For instance, ____ and ____. 2、But in my opinon, ______. 第五段:结尾，表明自己看法 结尾句:To be belief, though a bit dissatisfied with _____. 24 扩展句:I do believe that, with the efforts of all people concerned, we can solved the problems there. Thanks.Li Ming ,DIY写作模板:填充阶段, 第一段:称呼 Dear Mr. President, 第二段:引出写信的目的 主题句: This letter comes to you from one of your students. 扩展句: In it, some opinions are put forward for you to reflect upon. 第三段:对学校食堂的看法 主题句:As you know,our students are the main customers of the university canteen. But unfortunately, we don't find the service there satisfying sometimes. 扩展句:1、The food is not as nutritious as it should be. (举例)As a result, some of us become thinner and weaker at university. 2、Besides, sometimes the canteen people just bring us steamed bread with their dirty bare hands. 3、And what's more,the fare is also a little higher at university. 第四段:别人对食堂看法 主题句:Some people may argue that measures have been taken and things are improving there. 扩展句:1、For instance,Ic cardshave taken the place of money in the canteed, and the attitude of the service people is also changing. 2、But in my opinon, progress is not so quick and thorough. 第五段:结尾，表明自己看法 结尾句:To be belief, though a bit dissatisfied with the present canteen conditions, 扩展句:I do believe that, with the efforts of all people concerned, we can solved the problems there. Thanks. 第三部分、范文 Dear Mr. President, This letter comes to you from one of your students.In it, some opinions are put forward for you to reflect upon. As you know, our students are the main customers of the university canteen. But unfortunately, we don't find the service there satisfying sometimes.The food is not as nutritious as it should be. As a result, some of us become thinner and weaker at university.Besides, 25 sometimes the canteen people just bring us steamed bread with their dirty bare hands.And what's more, the fare is also a little higher at university. Some people may argue that measures have been taken and things are improving there.For instance, Ic cards have taken the place of money in the canteed, and the attitude of the service people is also changing.But in my opinon, progress is not so quick and thorough. To be belief, though a bit dissatisfied with the present canteen conditions, I do believe that, with the efforts of all people concerned, we can solved the problems there. Thanks. Your students, Li Ming 英语四六级作文DIY模板:正反观点题型 通过分析历年作文真题可以发现，英语四六级作文的考试题型大概可以分为这5个方面:A、阐述主题题型、B、正反观点题型、C、英文信函题型、D、记叙文题型、E、图表题型。为帮助大家更好应对6月17日四六级作文，现给你们提供以上5种题型DIY写作模板～ 第一部分、四六级作文:正反观点题型作文DIY写作步骤 要求考生从正反两个方面来论证某一观点，如2000年6月四级作文、1996年6月四六级作文>、1996年1月英语四六级作文。对这类题型，通常分为四个步骤来写: 第一段、文章开头，简单一下事件 第二段、阐述提纲中列举的第一种看法，给出理由或者举例说明: 主题句，理由/举例1+理由/举例2+理由/举例3 第三段、阐述提纲中列举的第一种看法，给出理由或者举例说明: 主题句，理由/举例1+理由/举例2+理由/举例3 第四段、表明自己的观点结束全文 在结尾的时候，一定要表明自己的观点。 第二部分、正反观点题型作文DIY写作范文练习 ,实战演练, 26 Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic China Jointing WTO. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline below: 1、加入WTO给我们带来的好处; 2、加入WTO给我们带来的不利方面; 3、我们该如何做。 ,DIY写作模板:架构阶段, 第一段:文章的开头 开篇句句:________finally succeeded in _____ after many efforts. 扩展句:_____ will influence _____ greatly. 第二段:表达正面观点 主题句:____ brings ____ many benefits and opportunities. 扩展句:1、As _____ , ______ can ______. 2、What's more, __________. 第三段:表达反面观点 主题句:Every thing has two aspects. 扩展句:1、___ can also bring us some challenges. For example, ______. 2、In addition, it will be more difficult for _____ to _____, as ____. 第四段:结尾，表明自己看法 结尾句:However, ____ does more good than harm to ____. 扩展句:What we should do is to ______. ,DIY写作模板:填充阶段, 第一段:文章的开头 开篇句句:China finally succeeded in jointing the WTO after many efforts. 扩展句:This event will influence the economy in China greatly. 27 第二段:表达正面观点 主题句:Jointing the WTO brings China many benefits and opportunities. 扩展句:1、As a member country, China can enjoy many rights that can boost the development of the economy in China. 2、What's more, the Chinese people can buy product of high quality with less pay. 第三段:表达反面观点 主题句:Every thing has two aspects. 扩展句:1、Joining the WTO can also bring us some challenges. For example, some producers may be wiped out because of the intense competition. 2、In addition, it will be more difficult forus to get a job, as the requirement for the employees will become higher. 第四段:结尾，表明自己看法 结尾句:However, this great event does more good than harm to us. 扩展句:What we should do is to improve ourselves to become qualified for certain positions and live a better life. 第三部分、范文 China finally succeeded in jointing the WTO after many efforts. This event will influence the economy in China greatly. Jointing the WTO brings China many benefits and opportunities. As a member country, China can enjoy many rights that can boost the development of the economy in China. What's more, the Chinese people can buy product of high quality with less pay. Every thing has two aspects. Joining the WTO can also bring us some challenges. For example, some producers may be wiped out because of the intense competition. In addition, it will be more difficult for us to get a job, as the requirement for the employees will become higher. However, this great event does more good than harm to us. What we should do is to improve ourselves to become qualified for certain positions and live a better life. 英语四六级作文DIY模板:阐述主题题型 通过分析历年作文真题可以发现，英语四六级作文的考试题型大概可以分为这5个方面:A、阐述主题题型、B、正反观点题型、 C、英文信函题型、D、记叙文题型、E、图表题型。为帮助大家更好应对6月17日四六级作文，现提供以上5种题型DIY写作 模板～ 一、四六级作文:阐述主题题型作文DIY写作步骤 28 英语四六级作文阐述主题题型，要求考生从一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行写作。对这类题型，通常分为三个步骤来写: 第一段、总结描述 先用一句话描述当今社会的某种现象或者事物，并且用简单的话扩展说几句: 主题句，扩展句 第二段、举例说明现象 主题句，举例1+举例2+举例3 第三段、表明自己的观点并结束全文 在结尾的时候，一定要表明自己的观点。 二、阐述主题题型作文DIY写作范文练习 ,实战演练, Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Pollutions. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline below: 1、目前污染问题已经成为人们普遍关注的一个问题; 2、造成污染问题的原因; 3、解决办法。 ,DIY写作模板:架构阶段, 第一段: 主题句:________has become a serious problem about which we worry. 扩展句:1、Wherever we turn, we find ________. 2、And this is threatening the survival of the human race. 第二段: 主题句:The real problem with _______ is _____. 扩展句:1、It is ____ that _____. 2、It is also _____ that ________. 29 3、Ironically, it is _______ itself that _____. 第三段: 结尾句:We must do something to solve _____. 扩展句:1、First of all, we must let everyone see the importance of ____. 2、Then we _____ 3、Only when everyone makes a joint-effect to ____can this problem be solved. ,DIY写作模板:填充阶段, 第一段: 主题句:Pollution has become a serious problem about which we worry. 扩展句:1、Wherever we turn, we find pollution: polluted air, polluted water, polluted food and polluted environment. 2、And this is threatening the survival of the human race. 第二段: 主题句:The real problem with pollution is people. 扩展句:1、It is people that throw millons of tons of waters into rivers, lakes and seas. 2、It is also people that destroy biologic balance of nature. 3、Ironically, it is the people themselves that must breathe, eat and drink their own pollutants. 第三段: 结尾句:We must do something to solve our environmental problems. 扩展句:1、First of all, we must let everyone see the importance of keeping our environment clean. 2、Then we make more strict laws to protect our surroundings from being spoiled. 3、Only when everyone makes a joint-effect to eliminate pollution can this problem be solved. 三、范文 Pollution has become a serious problem about which we worry. Wherever we turn, we find pollution: polluted air, polluted water, polluted food and polluted environment. And this is threatening the survival of the human race. 30 The real problem with pollution is people. It is people that throw millons of tons of waters into rivers, lakes and seas. It is also people that destroy biologic balance of nature. Ironically, it is the people themselves that must breathe, eat and drink their own pollutants. We must do something to solve our environmental problems. First of all, we must let everyone see the importance of keeping our environment clean. Then we make more strict laws to protect our surroundings from being spoiled. Only when everyone makes a joint-effect to eliminate pollution can this problem be solved. 英语四六级作文DIY模板:叙文的题型 第一部分、四六级作文:记叙文题型作文DIY写作步骤 要求考生写一篇记叙文，描述事件发生的时间、地点、原因、人物及结果，最后对事件进行简单分析，如:2003年6月四级作文、2003年9月四级作文、2004年6月六级作文。对这类题型，通常分为三个步骤来写: 第一段、总结描述 交代清楚故事涉及的人物、时间、地点: 主题句 第二段、具体描述 具体描述事件发生的原因、经过和结果 起因，经过，结果 第三段、对事件的分析 分析句1+分析句2+分析3 第二部分、记叙文题型作文DIY写作范文练习 ,实战演练, Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic The Day My Classmate Fell Ill. 1、简单描述一下这位同学生病的情况; 2、同学、老师和我是如何帮助他的; 3、人和人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受是.... ,DIY写作模板:架构阶段, 第一段: 31 开篇句:About _____ O'clock one evening in _______, _____. 扩展句:________. (展开描述一下事件) 第二段: 主题句:Without hesitation, _____. It wasn't long before _____. 扩展句:1、One ______. 2、Another _______. 3、Our teacher _______. 第三段: 结尾句:Is _______? Who can tell ? But ______. 扩展句:1、When ____ , people showed _____ spirit regardless of ____. 2、This kind of care between persons is the very kind giving, unselfish and priceless devotion or sacrifice. 3、And it is just because of this care that we can have warm families, a happy life and a beautiful world. ,DIY写作模板:填充阶段, 第一段: 开篇句:About nine O'clock one evening in May, my roommate Li Ming was lying in bed, trembling with cold and having a cough. 扩展句:His head was aching so intensely that he kept groaning. His forehead felt very hot. We took his temperature. It was 38.5?.(展开 描述一下事件) 第二段: 主题句:Without hesitation, I dialed "120". It wasn't long before an ambulance arrived. 扩展句:1、One roommate brought a blanket for him. 2、Another supported him in the ambulance. 3、Our teacher insisted on giving him some money. 第三段: 结尾句:she was a suspected SARS patient? Who can tell? But we didn't retreat. 32 扩展句:1、When the savage SARS was spreading, people showed fearless spirit regardless of dangers to their own health. 2、This kind of care between persons is the very kind giving, unselfish and priceless devotion or sacrifice. 3、And it is just because of this care that we can have warm families, a happy life and a beautiful world. 第三部分、范文 About nine O'clock one evening in May, my roommate Li Ming was lying in bed, trembling with cold and having a cough. His head was aching so intensely that he kept groaning. His forehead felt very hot. We took his temperature. It was 38.5?. Without hesitation, I dialed "120". It wasn't long before an ambulance arrived. One roommate brought a blanket for him. Another supported him in the ambulance. Our teacher insisted on giving him some money. Is he a suspected SARS patient? Who can tell? But we didn't retreat. When the savage SARS was spreading, people showed fearless spirit regardless of dangers to their own health. This kind of care between persons is the very kind giving, unselfish and priceless devotion or sacrifice. And it is just because of this care that we can have warm families, a happy life and a beautiful world. 一)段首句 1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。 Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……。 Nowadays, it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______.Besides，______. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，…… People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious. 33 8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。 ______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 ______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has 的 brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢, According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______while. Obviously, ______, but why? (二)中间段落句 1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。 On the contrary, there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time, they say____. 2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。 But I dont think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of的all，___. 3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是…… ______is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction.的First，______.Whats more, _____.Most important of all,______. 4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。 There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______ 5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面， Confronted with______, we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing，______For another, ______ 6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定 会……。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition.的_____.All these measures will certainly______. 7. 为什么……,第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于…… Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is的______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______. 34 8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。 However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own的disadvantages, such as ______. 9. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。 Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous. 10. 完全同意……这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下: I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______. 随着大学英语四六级考试时间的临近，很多同学写信来询问同样的一个问题:“我怎样才能够在短时间内提高我的写作水平,”答案其实是否定的。首先我们必须明确:冰冻三尺，非一日之寒;英语学习是一个长期积累的过程，短期的突击无异于舍本逐末、杯水车薪。然而，这并不意味着我们不能够通过掌握考试规律来调整我们的临考状态、提高我们的应考能力。以下，我想就如何利用应试规律、最大限度地发挥同学们的写作水平谈九点个人的看法。 一( 休息 考试迫在眉睫时，同学们往往容易进入一种临考状态。这种状态比较突出的表现是夜不能寐。尤其是在专业课和全国四六级考试纷至沓来的时候，很多同学更是发扬连续作战的精神，通宵达旦，头悬樑、锥刺骨。其实这对于像四六级考试这样的高强度考试而言是有百害而无一益的。道理很简单，四六级考试对于一个学生来说，不仅是一次英语水平的综合测试，也是一种意志力、甚至是体力的考验。没有良好的休息作为后盾，考生很难笑到最后。所以，保证充足的睡眠是最基本也是首要的应试技巧。 二( 营养 无庸置疑，营养的摄入在最后关头也是异常重要的一环。在保证充分睡眠的同时，食物是另一个“工夫在诗外”的客观因素。尤其是参加四级考试的同学，早餐一定要定时定量，不可或缺。一般来说，类似奶酪苏这样的奶制品外加一杯热牛奶或者热巧克力已经足以提供整个半天考试所需的热量，当然，这也因人而异。有些体质虚弱的同学也可以考虑服用一些如西洋参、鸡精这样的营养品。不过，安眠药等有副作用的药物一定要慎用，否则过犹不及。 三( 心理 古人云，不战而屈人之兵，很大程度上取决于心理因素。随着四六级考试改革的深入，会有更多，更新，更难的题目，包括作文题目出现，这样就要求我们有处惊不变的能力。即使是出现某种没有预料到的题型，考生也应该及时调整心态、从容不迫地应答。事实上，历史经验证明:题目要求越是高，难度越是大，考生的发挥余地也就越大。挑战和机遇是成正相关的。 四( 评分 知己知彼，百战不怠。熟悉老师的评分习惯，对于考生正常、甚至是超常发挥自身水平也十分有益。正常情况下，阅卷老师要领会贯彻考试规定的评分原则，依照文章的结构和语言水平进行评分。然而，除此以外，有“两个基本点”我们也需要给予足够的重视——闪光点和语法点。在一篇出类拔萃的范文中，我们往往可以看到像提问法、谚语总结法、从句、并列句、理由段公式、理由词汇、路线句型、插入语、名词化、和被动语态等等闪光点;而在一篇低分例文中，基本的语言错误则多得数不胜数。 五( 审题 磨刀不误砍柴工。在落笔前花两三分钟时间进行构思，既有利于理清行文思路、也避免了差之毫厘、失之千里的遗憾。尤其是在应对图表类作文时，我们更是要看清图表，牢牢把握各个数据的变化和相互关系，才能够下笔。否则张冠李戴，即使文章本身再不同凡响、语惊四座，也只会竹篮打水、甚至起到适得其反的效果。 35 六( 卷面 对于像作文这样的主观题而言，考生与阅卷老师从来就犹如搏弈，无形中彼此互动、相互影响。一个考生可以做的，首先是通过卷面给阅卷老师下意识地传达个人信息。用笔的颜色(深蓝色使人心情放松愉快)、粗细(粗线条给人以安全感)，整齐划一的格式(段首或一律顶格或一律空两格)，明了的段落感(每段空一行)，清晰的字数感(一行以十字为宜)，工整的字迹都会给任何阅读者留下深刻的正面印象，从而使考生先发制人、取得先机。 七( 结构 有始有终、首尾照应，是任何一篇好文章的基本 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 之一，也是两大评分原则之一。如果说广大考生已经给第一段以足够重视的话，那么是不是大多数考生都意识到了理由段的条理和最后一段的呼应在全文中所具有的不可忽视的地位了呢,其实，要写好理由段，我们只需要注意表示启承转合的衔接词即可。而要写好结尾，最好的方法莫过于温故而知新，回顾第一段的大致内容了。 八( 表达 言之无文，行而不远。语言作为评分原则中的基本要素之一，在四六级作文评分的整个过程中具有决定性作用。有评分老师甚至断言:“It is not what you say, it is the way that you say it.”(重要的并不在于考生写了些什么，而在于考生是怎么表达的。)虽然这种说法本身似乎有失偏颇，可是参加过国际标准化英语考试的同学应该也听说过那么一句话，叫做:“Give the monkey exactly what he wants.”(给阅卷老师最想要的。)，不是吗,譬如同样是描述数据，一些同学拘泥于图表本身，动辄按部就班地引用图表上现成的数字和年代，其实这都是图表作文的忌讳。聪明的同学引而不用，他们常喜欢用倍数、分数、小数、百分比、或者一些动词(double / triple / quadruple)来表现极端数据，动态数据以及他们的相异之处。 九( 检查 行百里者半九十。一篇成功的作文少不了反复推敲、一再修改。然而，由于考试时间和条件等诸多因素的限制，考生绝对需要慎重对待作文的检查和修改。这里，我不得不提考生检查作文时的三大“通病”，即，数字数、孤芳自赏、和做结构与内容上的修改。我们必须明确:考试作文的润色和修改只需要达到三个目的即可:1. 拼写正确，看文章中是否有汉字、多余符号、糊乱涂改、划线、和错别字;2. 搭配正确;和3. 语法正确，特别是人称、时态、和单复数的三"一致"。 鲁迅先生说过，世界上本没有路，走的人多了也就成了路。我们要善于在学习实践中发现、总结和运用规律，这样才能够在复习迎考的过程中事半功倍，百尺竿头、更进一步。路漫漫其修远兮，愿以此文抛砖引玉。 大学英语四六级考试作文八种常用句型 一)比较 1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages. 2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B. 3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that... 4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that... 5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages. 6.Like anything else, it has its faults. 7.A and B has several points in common. 36 8.A bears some resemblances to B. 9.However, the same is not applicable to B. 10. A and B differ in several ways. 11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects. 12. People used to think ..., but things are different now. 13. The same is true of B. 14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks. 15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ... 二)原因 1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation. A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem). 2. The answer to this problem involves many factors. 3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that... 4. The factors that contribute to this situation include... 5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that... 6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are... 7. Part of the explanations for it is that ... One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ... Another contributing factor (cause ) is ... Perhaps the primary factor is that … But the fundamental cause is that ... 三)后果 1. It may give rise to a host of problems. 2. The immediate result it produces is ... 37 3. It will exercise a profound influence upon... 4. Its consequence can be so great that... 四)批驳 1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out. 2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact. 3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water. 4) Many of us have been under the illusion that... 5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is. 6) It makes no sense to argue for ... 7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ... 8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ... 9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ... 五)举例 1) A good case in point is ... 2) As an illustration, we may take ... 3) Such examples might be given easily. 4) ...is often cited as an example. 六)证明 1) No one can deny the fact that ... 2) The idea is hardly supported by facts. 3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ... 4) Recent studies indicate that ... 5) There is sufficient evidence to show that ... 6) According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ... 38 七)开篇 1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ... 2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus. 3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic. 4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ... 5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ... 6) Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular. 7) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ... 8) According to a recent survey, ... 9) With the rapid development of ..., ... 八)结尾 1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ... 2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ... 3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ... 4) In conclusion, it is imperative that ... 5) There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help. 6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ... 7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up. 8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly. 9) We might do more than identify the cause; it is important to take actions to ... 10) Taking all these into account, we ... 11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear... 39 40