00830 现代语言学 2005年10月试卷
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全国2005年10月高等教育自学考试
现代语言学试题
课程代码:00830
?. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four
choices best completes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets.
(2%×10=20%)
1. The tone, defined as pitch variation, is an important suprasegmental feature of tone languages
such as .
A. Chinese B. English
C. Chinese and English D. English and French
2. Voicing as a quality of speech sounds is caused by the vibration of .
A. the velum B. the vocal cords
C. the glottis D. the uvula
3. The words that contain only one morpheme are called .
A. bound morphemes B. affixes
C. free morphemes D. roots
4. Syntactic movement is dictated by rules traditionally called .
A. phase structure rules B. syntactic rules
C. lexical rules D. transformational rules
5. The naming theory was proposed by .
A. the Greek scholar Plato B. C.K. Ogden and I.A. Richards C. the British linguist J. Firth D. the American linguist L. Bloomfield 6. Speech act theory was first proposed by .
A. John Austin B. John Searle
C. Noam Chomsky D. John Firth
7. linguistics refers to the study of a language or languages at a single point in time,
without reference to earlier or later stages.
A. Diachronic B. Synchronic
C. Historical D. Comparative
8. Different functional speech varieties known as are expected in, say, a church sermon, a
diplomatic encounter, a family dinner, or a sports broadcast. A. registers B. styles
C. dialects D. accents
9. is the study of language in relation to the mind. A. Psycholinguistics B. Sociolinguistics
C. Linguistics D. Semantics
10. In general, children’s holophrastic sentences begin .
A. in the late part of the first year or the early part of the second year B. in the second half of the second year
C. between two and three years old
D. between four and five years old
?. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first
letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and
you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1%×10=10%)
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2005年10月自考现代语言学试题答案
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11. Language can be defined as a system of arbitrary v symbols used for human
communication.
12. To satisfy the needs of the phoneticians in the study of speech sounds, a set of symbols called d
are added to broad transcription to show the more subtle differences between similar sounds. 13. The meaning of a compound is often i ,not always being the sum total of the meanings of
its components.
14. The clause into which another clause is embedded is called a m clause.
15. Componential analysis is based on the belief that the meaning of a word can be dissected into
features. meaning components, called s
16. C is regarded as constituted by all kinds of knowledge assumed to be shared by the
speaker and the hearer.
17. The major phonological change in the history of English known as the Great Vowel Shift
involves seven long, or t , vowels of Middle English.
18. Certain words in all societies are considered t -- they are forbidden or to be avoided.
19. It’s known that specialized linguistic and perceptual skills are each localized in a particular
hemisphere of the brain. The localization of cognitive and perceptual functions in a particular
hemisphere of the brain is called l .
20. C speech refers to the simple, modified speech used by parents, baby-sitters, etc. when
they talk to young children who are acquiring their native language.
?. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true
or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false,
you must explain why you think so and give the correct version.(2%×10=20%)
21.( ) According to Chomsky, a speaker can produce and understand an unlimited number of
sentences because he possesses an internalized set of rules about his language. 22. ( ) Phonological rules are not language specific, i.e. once proved to be valid, they can be
applied to all languages.
23. ( ) Under the Case Condition principle, when the Move αrule operates to change a
sentence from the active voice to the passive voice, it can move a noun phrase to any
Case receiving position.
24. ( ) Lexical categories are generally known as parts of speech, and a language has major
and minor lexical categories of a finite set.
25. ( ) A grammatically well-formed sentence is always semantically well-formed. 26. ( ) All illocutionary acts that belong to the same category share the same purpose or the
same illocutionary point.
27. ( ) Borrowing occurs when one language takes a word or morpheme from another
language and adds it to its lexicon.
28. ( ) It is obvious that the standard variety of language is the correct form of language. 29. ( ) Human linguistic ability largely depends on the structure of their vocal cords. 30. ( ) According to Behaviorist learning theory, children are believed to gradually assume
correct forms of the language of their community when their “bad” speech gets
corrected and when their good speech gets positively reinforced.
?. Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration.
(3%×10=30%)
31. cultural transmission (as a defining feature of human language)
32. phoneme
2
2005年10月自考现代语言学试题答案
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33. linguistic competence
34. syntactic movement
35. homonymy
36. derivation
37. idiolect
38. the critical period hypothesis
39. intrapersonal communication
40. telegraphic speech
?. Answer the following questions.(10%×2=20%)
41. Prefixes occur at the beginning of a word, and modify the meaning of a stem, but usually do not
change the part of speech of the original word. Do you think it is true? Support your answer with
examples.
42. What are the four maxims of the Cooperative Principle? Please give examples to show how the
flouting of these maxims gives rise to conversational implicature (Give at least two examples,
each flouting a different maxim).
3
2005年10月自考现代语言学试题答案
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2005年10月自考现代语言学试题答案
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