2018-2019学年高中英语Unit2Englisharoundtheworld美文欣赏课件新人教版
会多种语言的人更聪明吗？
In the early nineteen fifties，researchers found that people scored lower on intelligence tests if they spoke more than one language. Research in the sixties found the opposite. Bilingual people scored higher than monolinguals—people who speak ...
会多种语言的人更聪明吗？
In the early nineteen fifties，researchers found that people scored lower on intelligence tests if they spoke more than one language. Research in the sixties found the opposite. Bilingual people scored higher than monolinguals—people who speak only one language. So which is it?
Researchers presented their newest studies last month at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. The latest evidence shows that being bilingual does not necessarily make people smarter. But researcher Ellen Bialystock says it probably does make you better at certain skills.
Ellen Bialystock：“Imagine driving down the highway. There are many things that could capture your attention and you really need to be able to monitor all of them. Why would bilingualism make you any better at that？”
And the answer，she says，is that bilingual people are often better at controlling their attention—a function called the executive control system.
Ellen Biaystock：It’s quite possibly the most important cognitive system we have because it’s where all of your decisions about what to attend to，what to ignore，what to process are made.
Ms. Biaystock is a psychology professor at York University in Toronto，Canada. She says the best method to measure the executive control system is called the Stroop Test. A person is shown different words in different colors. The person has to ignore the word but say the color. The problem is that the words are all names of colors.
Ellen Bialystock：“So you would have the word blue written in red，but you have to say red. But blue is so salient，it’s just lighting up all these circuits in your brain，and you really want to say blue. So you need a mechanism to override that so that you can say red. That’s the executive control system.”
Her work shows that bilingual people continually practice this function. They have to，because both languages are active in their brain at the same time. They need to suppress one to be able to speak in the other.
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