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医学英语口语 口腔生理学术语D医学英语口语: 口腔生理学术语D Darwinian medicine - an approach to the treatment of infectivediseases which takes account of the co-evolution between the host andits parasite. Deciduous - from the Latin "falling" itapplies both to trees which lose their leaves in winter a...

医学英语口语 口腔生理学术语D
医学英语口语: 口腔生理学术语D Darwinian medicine - an approach to the treatment of infectivediseases which takes account of the co-evolution between the host andits parasite. Deciduous - from the Latin "falling" itapplies both to trees which lose their leaves in winter and teeth whichare lost to make way for the permanent set. Demineralisation - reduction in amount of mineral in tissue. Thisreduction occurs when the crystals of apatite are dissolved, usually inan acid environment. Dental abscess- an abscess around the apex of a tooth due to spread of infection from the pulp . Dental papilla - the condensation of dental mesenchyme which providesthe stem cells from which ondontoblasts, cementoblasts and osteoblastswill form the pulp-dentine, cementum and alveolar bone of the toothsocket. Dentary - one of several bone which together madeup the lower jaw in early reptiles. During evolution the other bones,the articular and quadrate bones, became part of the inner ear, and thedentary became the single the mandible of mammals. Dentine- a hard material like bone which forms the root and inner core of thecrown of teeth. Unlike bone, dentine has fine tubules which contain theelongated process of odontoblasts, the dentine forming cells. Dentine-pulp - a term used to describe the unity between dentine and pulp, and to view it as one integrated tissue. Depolarisation - all cells have a slight difference in electricalpotential between the inside and outside of the cell membrane. Thisdifference is called a membrane potential and is due to a greaternumber of sodium ions (positively charged) outside the cell thaninside. This imbalance is maintained by a membrane pump which pushessodium ions out of the cell. Another pump also pushes potassium ionsinto the cell so there should be no difference in the balance ofpositive ions. But the potassium ions leak back out again, so there isalways a potential difference across the membrane. Nerve cells have theability to depolarise or reverse the membrane potential so that theinside is positive and outside negative. This reversal is short livedand is soon corrected, but it is long enough to influence the adjacentparts of the membrane and to be carried, like a wave, all the way alonga nerve axon to the next nerve where it reaches a synapse The reversalis caused by a sudden opening of cell membrane gates which allow aflood of sodium ions into the cell. This flood causes the inside tobecome positive, but the gates are soon shut and potassium gatesopened, which allows potassium ions to flood out and restore themembrane potential. This can all happen several times in one second,but after a while there is no flood, and the sodium pump has to get towork to build up enough pressure for the depolarisation to work again. 原文来自必克英语
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