高中英语主谓一致用法超全面

高中英语主谓一致用法超全面! 主谓一致 语法形式上的一致 主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。例如: Jane and Mary look healthy and strong. The number of mistakes was surprising. 解释:主语是 the number ,谓语是 was对于数字而言,它是单数,所以用了was; 反思:the number of通常跟 a number of 来对比,a number of 是大量的的意思;后面通常是可数名词的复数,所以谓语也跟着用复数形式,比如 a number of people are rushing to the toilet. 意义上一致 1.主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。例如: The crowd were running for their lives. 单数形式 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示复数意义的词有people,police,cattle, militia等。 2.主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。例如: The news was very exciting. 形复意单的单词有news,works(工厂)和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics,mathematics等。 就近原则 即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or,either…or,neither...nor,not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。例如: Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this. 应注意的几个问题 1.名词作主语 1)某些集体名词(如family,team等)作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式;如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。例如: The whole family are watching TV. His family is going to have a long journey. 这类名词有:audience,class,club,committee,company, crew,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team, etc. 名词population一词的使用情况跟上述类似。例如:: The population in China is very large,and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers. “a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数,前者强调整体,后者强调各个部分。 2)某些集体名词(如people,police,cattle,militia等) 只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。例如: The police are searching for him. 3)单、复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。例如: A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there. 4)名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等,作主语时,动词一般用单数。例如: My Uncle's is not far from here. The doctor's is on the side of the street. 常见的省略名词有:the baker\'s,the barber\'s,the carpenter\'s,the Zhang\'s,etc, 表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待,但用作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数。例如: Richardson\'s have a lot of leather goods to sell. 5)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。例如: Five minutes is enough to do this exercise. The Selected Poems of Li Bai was published long ago. Three years has passed. 6)不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号 连接成多个并列主语,谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如: Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future. 7)如果主语有more than one...或many a…构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如: Many a ship has been damaged in the storm. More than one student has seen the film. 在“more+复数名词+than one\'’结构之后,谓语词一般用复数形式。例如: More members than one are against your plan. 8)一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具主语时;谓语通常用复数形式,如scissors,chopsticks,compasses,shoes, trousers,clothes,glasses等。但如果主语由“a kind of ,a pair of,a series of等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如: A pair of shoes was on the desk . 9)this kind of book=a book of this kind(这种书),其谓语用单数;短语this kind of men=men of this kind=these kinds of men(口语)(这一类人),但this kind of men的谓语用单数,men of this kind和these kinds of men的谓语用复数。all kinds of后跟复数名词,谓语用复数形式。例如: Men of this kind are dangerous. This kind of men is dangerous. 10)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时,按意义一致的原则,作单数意义时,谓语用单数;反之,谓语用复数。这类名词有means( 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 ),works(工厂),species(种类),Chinese, Japanese等。例如: The (This) glass works was set up in l970. (这家玻璃厂建于1970年。) The(These)glass works are near the railway station.(这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。) 当它们前面有a,such a,this,that修饰时,谓语用单数;有all,such,these,those修饰时,谓语用复数。但“means\",“no means\",“the means\"等词前没有以上修饰词时,可作单数,也可用作复数。 注:work作“工作”解时是不可数名词,作“著作”解时是可数名词,有单复数之分。