初中英语完成态终短暂动词对应延续性动词变化规则表

初中英语完成态终短暂动词对应延续性动词变化规则续性动词代替短暂性(终止性)动词 1、用have 代替buy (买) My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep 或have 代替borrow (借) I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. 3、用be 替代become ( 成为)How long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold (感冒) Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用wear 代替put on (穿) b)用“be+形容词”代短暂性动词 1、be+married 代marry(结婚) 2、be+ill 代fall (get) ill 生病 3、be+dead 代die (死) 4、be+asleep 代fall (get) asleep (入睡) 5、be+awake 代wake/ wake up (醒) 6、be+open 代open (开) 7、be +closed 代close/ shut (关) c)用“be+副词”代短暂性动词 1“be+on”代start , begin (开始)2“be+up”代get up (起床) 3“be+b ack(to)”代return to, come back to, go back to (返回) 4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等( 到达) d)用“be+介词短语”代短暂性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to / come to (去哪儿) 2.用be in the army 代替join the army(参军) 3.“b e in/at +地点”代替move to(搬到)常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表: 1. have arrived at/in sw (地点)got to/reached sw.去哪come/gone/moved to sw. 搬到→have been in sw(地点)./at…相应的介词 2. have come / gone back / returned → have been back (回来) 3. have come / gone out →have been out (出去) 4. have become → have been (成为) 5. have closed → have been closed (关) 6. have got up →have been up (起床) 7. have died → have been dead (死) 8. have left sw. → have been away from sw. (离开) 9. have fallen asleep / got to sleep → have been asleep (入睡) 10. have finished / ended / completed → have been over (完成) 11. have married →have been married (结婚) 12. have started / begun to do sth. → have done sth. (开始去做某事) 13. have begun → have been on (开始) 14. have borrowed / bought →have kept / had (借) 15. have lost →haven’t had (丢失) 16. have put on →have worn (穿) 17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold (感冒) 18. have got to know →have known (认识) 1 19. have / has gone to → have been in (在哪儿) 20. have joined / have taken part in the league /the Party/the army (参军) 延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since + 从句, since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long ; for a long time等。 例: He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year? 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用,如:two years ago; at 5 oclock; 例:He died 5 years ago. 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:I haven t left here for 3 years. I haven t heard from him for 3 weeks. 三.把下列动词变为过去式,再把他们转换成延续性动词,并在括号内写出汉语意思。leave →() borrow →() buy →() begin / start / →() die →() finish →() join →() open →() fall ill →() get up →() catch a cold →() come here →() go there →() become →() come back →() fall asleep →() get to / arrive / reach / / →() leave →() get to know →() go (get) out ()→() put on →() 例:The old man died 4 years ago. ----The old man has be dead for 4 years. It is 4 years since the old man died. ----Four years has passed since the old man died. He joined the Party 2 years ago. -----He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago. ---- I have had the book for 5 days. 补充练习: 1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in 3. The factory ________ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened 4. Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become 5.You mustnt ________ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left 6.The meeting _______ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught 8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became 9. I ______ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned 10. How long _______ he ________ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead 11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon. A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept 12.He ________ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 13.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been 14.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from 15.Ill lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take 16.The bus ______ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been 17.Are you _____ the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on 18.He ________ foe 2 hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up 19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _______ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had 20.----- How long can I ______ the book? ------ Two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep Key: 1---5 D C A B B; 6---10 C A A B C; 11---15 B C C C