医学博士英语统考写作教程数量关系

1、 基本句型 表达数量关系： 从广义上来讲，数量关系其实也是比较关系，也与后面的“增加”、“减少”的句型密切相关。单独列为一个意念功能，是希望考生注意数量的正确表达。这种句型在图表作文中运用得很多，在摘要写作中，主要用来提供一些重要证据。 基本句型： be [increase / decrease / do sth] X times [ X %] as + 形容词或副词 + as sth 动词及词组： amount to / add up to / come to / account for（数量总计） increase [rise / decrease / fall / drop] from … to … / increase [rise / decrease / fall / drop] between … and …（数量增减） increase [rise / decrease / fall / drop] (by) X times [X %]（数量增减） 名词及词组： an increase [a drop] in sth / the proportion [ratio] of sth to sth 例句： 1. 2003年的门诊量比上一年增加了67％，达到15，000多人。 Compared with those of last year, the annual outpatients of 2003 increased [rose / went up / grow] by 67%, amounting to 15, 000. Compared with those of last year, there was a 67% increase in 2003’s outpatients, coming to 15, 000. The annual outpatients of 2003 increased [rose / went up / grow] by 67% of those of last year, adding up to 15, 000. 2. 人均寿命在经济更发达的国家更长一些。日本上报的人均寿命最长，达78岁，其次是加拿大，76岁。 The average life expectancy was longer among [in] the more developed countries. The longest one was reported by Japan, 78. It was followed by Canada’s, 76. The average life expectancy was longer among [in] the more developed countries. Japan reported the longest life expectancy, 78. This was followed by Canada, 76. 3. 该市2004年的人平均医疗支出是改革开放开始的1978年的30多倍。 The average medical expenses of people in that city in 2004 are over 30 times as great [high] as in 1978 when the reform and open policy began. The average medical expenses of people in that city in 2004 are over 30 times greater [higher] than (those) in 1978 when the reform and open policy began. The average medical expenses of people in that city in 2004 have increased over 30 times, compared with (those in) 1978 when the reform and open policy began. 4. 每周饮酒次数为3次以上的妇女患乳腺癌的危险可增加30％至100％。 A woman who has 3 or more alcoholic drinks each week may increase her danger of breast cancer between 30 and 100%. The danger of breast cancer for a woman who has 3 or more alcoholic drinks each week may be increased between 30 and 100%. 5. The danger of breast cancer for a woman who has 3 or more alcoholic drinks each week may be between 30 and 100% greater than (that for) one who does not. 6. 三级医院治疗的病人平均为一级医院的234％（两倍，一半）。 On average, a Grade Three hospital treats [deals with] 234％ [twice / half] as many patients as a Grade One hospital. On average, patients treated [dealt with] by a Grade Three hospital are 234％ [twice / half] as many as those by a Grade One hospital. 7. 根据《中国日报》报道，1994年中国人的寿命比1988年增加了2年，男子达到了平均72.3岁，女性平均77.1岁。婴儿死亡率也以每年2％的速度下降。 According to China Daily, life expectancy of Chinese people rose [increased] (by) 2 years from 1988 to 1994, with an average of 72.3 for men and 77.1 for woman. And infant mortality [death rate] dropped [decreased] on average by 2% each year. 8. 为孩子提供足够的粮食类食品，使碳水化合物提供的热量达到总热量的60%左右。 Parents should supply enough grain food to their children so that the calories provided by carbohydrate can amount to [add up to / come to / account for] 60% of the total calories needed by them. 9. Parents should supply enough grain food to their children, making the calories provided by carbohydrate amount to [add up to / come to / account for] 60% of the total calories needed by them. 10. WHO公布影响健康的四个因素中，不良生活方式和行为占全球死亡因素的60%，我国也占50%以上。 Among the four health-related factors that WHO published, unhealthy lifestyles and behavior have accounted for 60% of the total causes of death worldwide, while in China the figure has been above 50%. Among the four health-related factors that WHO published, unhealthy lifestyles and behavior have caused 60% of the total deaths worldwide, while in China they have done more than 50%. 11. 洋医院所收费用的80％是患者为院方提供的高质量服务而付的，而公立医院的收入则主要来自药品差价，有的达到了总收入的90％。 80% of the charges by foreign-funded hospitals come from high quality service for the patients, while 90% of the incomes of public hospitals from huge profits from medicines. 12. 80% of the charges by foreign-funded hospitals come from high quality service for the patients, while the incomes of public hospitals mainly come from the price differences of medicines which can even amount to 90% of the total income in some. 13. 农村卫生总费用所占比例没有变大，反而缩小了，中国3／4的人口只占用1／3的医疗卫生费用。 The proportion of expenditure for rural health care to the total national expenditure for health care did not increase but decreased, for the 3/4 of the Chinese population only used 1/3 of the total national expenditure for health care. Instead of becoming larger, the proportion of rural medical expenditure to the total national medical expenditure became smaller, for the 3/4 of the Chinese population only had 1/3 of the total national expenditure. 14. 世界上发达国家每l，000人所拥有的卫生服务人员为10名，根据2000年的统计数据，我国的平均水平为3.63人；而农村不足2人。 In the developed countries, every one thousand people have 10 medical workers. In our country, however, the national average number is 3.63 and the number for rural areas is less than 2, according to the statistics of 2000. For every one thousand people, there are 10 medical workers in the developed countries, but in our country only 3.63 on average and even fewer in the rural areas according to the statistics of 2000. 15. WHO推荐的一个卫生服务机构的服务人员高、中、初级职称的比例是l：3：1，我国农村是1：2．4：1．83。 The ratio of senior to intermediate to junior medical professionals recommended by WHO for a medical organization is 1 : 3 : 1, but this ratio is 1 : 2.4 : 1.83 in the rural areas in China. 16. 而世界上有些发达国家的大都市CI的拥有量仅为每200万人l台。 In some large cities of developed countries, there is only one CT machine for every two million people. In some large cities of developed countries, every two million people only have one CT machine. 17. 吸烟者患心脏病的危险比普通人多两倍。 A cigarette smoker faces 3 times the normal danger of suffering a heart attack. A cigarette smoker faces the danger of suffering a heart attack twice more than a normal person. A cigarette smoker faces 3 times the danger of suffering a heart attack for a normal person. The danger of suffering a heart attack for a cigarette smoker is 3 times as great as that for a normal person. 18. The danger of suffering a heart attack for a cigarette smoker is twice more than that for a normal person. 19. 新的治疗方法可以使该病的死亡率从90％以上降到约60％。 The new therapy can reduce [decrease] the mortality of the illness from above 90% to about 60%. 练习 飞向蓝天的恐龙练习非连续性文本练习把字句和被字句的转换练习呼风唤雨的世纪练习呼风唤雨的世纪课后练习 : 用英语表达以下意念： 1. 在从1978到2004年的26年期间，中国的私营医院增加了大约7倍，不过规模仍然很小。 2. 死于心血管疾病的人数比10年前增加了一半。 3. 新中国成立的1949年，全国医生只有大约8万，到了1998年，50年后，这一数字达到了二百五十万。 4. 到2000年，许多国家的人均用水量只有1975年的一半。 5. 十年前，医疗费用只占整个预算的10％，而现在已占到30％。 6. 根据一份调查报告，该地区的农村婴儿死亡率是全国平均的七倍。 7. 碳水化合物提供的热量是人体热量的主要来源，约占总热量的60%。 8. 我国7O~80％的大学生有心理问题，20.3％有心理障碍 9. 近20年来，高血压患病率下降3/4，心血管患病率下降2/3。 10. 冬季比春季从事同等强度的运动热量消耗高10％左右。 11. 20岁以上成人高血压患病率为5．8％，临界高血压患病率为3．3％，合计总发病率为9．1％。 12. 目前，合理的膳食摄盐量应该先控制在每日7～10g，以后逐渐降低，逐渐达5g以下。 13. 1991年中国农村卫生费用占全国卫生总费用的33．73%，到2000年，所占比例下降为32．07%。 14. 按WHO的 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 ，医护比应该是1：2，而我国是1：0.61，农村更低。 15. 我国乡村卫生院的病床平均使用率低于50％，有的才20％―30％。 16. 实施健康危险因素 评价 LEC评价法下载LEC评价法下载评价量规免费下载学院评价表文档下载学院评价表文档下载 （health risk factor appraisal）的公司由1985年的65％增加到1992年的90％以上。 17. 积极参加运动的妇女与不活动的妇女相比，患乳腺癌的可能性要低一半。 18. 一只雄性白鼠接受的咖啡因的最大剂量，相当于一个男人每天喝90杯咖啡的剂量。 19. 半数以上的病人，症状改善了50％以上，有的达到70％。 20. 从1995年到2005年，个人医疗开支上升了近4倍，从850元到3200元。