非谓语动词用法

非谓语动词用法在 句子 关于阅读的唯美句子关于古风的唯美句子执行力的经典句子鼓励人努力奋斗的句子用沉默代替一切的句子 中充当除谓语以外的HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"句子成分的动词形式叫做HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"非谓语动词。HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"动名词，和分词(分词涉及HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"目前分词和过去分词)。以动词do为例1）不定式时态\HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"语态积极被动一般式todotobedone完毕式tohavedonetohavebeendone2）HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"动名词时态\HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"语态积极被动3）分词时态\HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"语态积极被动一般式doing 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达积极的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作beingdone表达正在进行的被动的动作完毕式havingdone表达发生在谓语动作之前的积极的动作havingbeendone表达发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作4）过去分词done（没有时态和语态的变化）否认形式：not+不定式，not+HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"动名词，not+HYPERLINK""\t"_blank"分词注意：不及物动词无被动形式找出句子中的非谓语动词1.To make the cake,we need some eggs.2.The old man walked slowly,carrying a heavy bag.3.Having finished the work,he left the office.4.Dressed in red,she looks beautiful.5.The book translated into 5 languagessells well.考点一非谓语动词作状语不定式表达目的，直接用不定式或soasto/inorderto。①Hewenthometoseehismother.②Weeat(inorder)tolive，butwedon’tlive(inorder)toeat.表达到果，更常用于so...asto，such...asto，enoughto，too...to构造中，only接不定式常表达出乎意料的成果，有逗号与主句分开。①Hefeelswellenoughtostandup.②Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.③Thefiremenwenttherequickly，onlytofindthehouseshadbeenburneddown.表达因素，用在作表语的某些表达情感的形容词背面。①I’msorrytohearthat.②Sheseemedsurprisedtomeetus.目前分词表达时间。如果两个动作同步发生，可用when/while加目前分词。①Hearingthenews，theyalljumpedwithjoy.②Don’tmentionthiswhiletalkingtohim.表达因素。一般放在句首。①Seeingnobodyathome，shedecidedtoleaveamessage.②BeingaLeaguemember，heisalwayshelpingothers.表达到果。一般放在句末。①Hefiredhisgun，killingthewolf.②Mycarwascaughtinatrafficjam，thuscausingthedelay.表达行为方式或随着状况。①Theysatfacingeachother.②Allnightlonghelayawake，thinkingoftheproblem.③Hesatinthearmchair，readinganewspaper.过去分词表达时间①Seenfromthehill，thecitylooksmorebeautiful.②When(itis)completed，thepowerstationwillbethelargestoneinourcountry.表达因素①Borninapoorfamily，hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.②Doneinahurry，hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.表达条件①Givenbetterattention，thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.②Comparedwithyou，westillhavealongwaytogo.表达行为方式或随着状况①Thegirlsattherealone，lostinthought.②Thehunterlefthishouse，followedbyhisdog.[点津]1．目前分词的形式：一般式、被动式、完毕式和完毕被动式四种形式，每一种形式的否认式都是直接在前面加_____构成。一般式_________；被动式__________；完毕式_________；完毕被动式__________。Theoldman，havingworkedabroadfortwentyyears，camebacktohismotherland.Havingbeenscoldedmanytimes，hedeterminedtostudyhardtocatchupwithothers.2．常用的需用固定的目前分词的构造：generallyspeaking，takingeverythingintoconsideration，judgingfrom/by等，无论和句子的主语之间构成什么关系只能用其ing形式。Takingeverythingintoconsideration，theresultisbetterthanexpected.Judgingfromwhathesaid，hemustbeanhonestman.3．过去分词作状语和目前分词作状语同样，表达时间、因素、条件、随着状况等。不同的是：过去分词所示的动作与其逻辑主语即句子的主语之间构成________关系，而目前分词构成_______关系。4．某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，这些过去分词既不表达被动，也不表达完毕，而表达一种状态，这样的词有：lost(迷路)，seated(坐)，lost/absorbedin(沉溺于)，dressedin(穿着)，tiredof(感到厌倦)等，在句中常作表语、宾补和状语。不管它们作什么成分都不用其ing形式。Lostinthemountainsforaweek，wewerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.Absorbedinhisbook，hedidnotnoticemeentertheroom.(·高考江苏卷)LionelMessi,________therecordforthemostgoalsinacalendaryear，isconsideredthemosttalentedfootballplayerinEurope.A．setB．settingC．tosetD．havingset(·高考安徽卷)________intheearly20thcentury，theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren’sloveofart.A．TofoundB．FoundingC．FoundedD．Havingfounded(·高考四川卷)Tomtookataxitotheairport，only________hisplanehighupinthesky.A．findingB．tofindC．beingfoundD．tohavefound(·北京北信附中高三入学考试)Birdssingingissometimesawarningtootherbirds________away.A．tostayB．stayingC．stayedD．stay(·绵阳三诊)________inherfavoriteskirt，sheseemedtobemoreconfident.A．HavingdressedB．BeingdressedC．DressingD．Dressed(·南平毕业班质检)Weareallconvincedthattime，____effectively，ismoneyinthebank.A．touseB．usedC．usingD．use(·河北石家庄一模)Although________alittlebitter，thismedicinewillbegoodforcuringthedisease.A．tastedB．beingtastedC．tastingD．tastes考点二非谓语动词作定语不定式一般置于所修饰的词之后。从时间上看，不定式作定语一般表达一种未发生的动作，或表达一种已完毕的动作。①Heisn’ttheproperpersontodothework.②MadamCuriewasthefirstpersontodiscoverradium.从逻辑关系上看，不定式所修饰的词也许是它的逻辑主语，也也许是它的逻辑宾语。Weneedsomeonetohelpwiththetyping.()②Theteachergaveustwoexercisestodoafterclass.()动名词一般置于所修饰的词之前。动名词作定语重要是起分类作用，不表达动作，且不多见。asleepingcar；awalkingstick目前分词单个分词置于所修饰的词之前，分词短语置于所修饰的词之后。从时间上看，目前分词作定语一般表达一种正在进行的动作、常常性的动作或状态和所被修饰的词一定是主谓关系。①Thetallgirlstandingthereisabasketballplayer.(进行)②Barkingdogsseldombit.(常常性)③Theyliveinaroomfacingthesouth.(状态)过去分词单个分词置于所修饰的词之前，分词短语置于所修饰的词之后。从时间上看，过去分词作定语所示的动作在谓语动词动作之前发生，或没有一定的时间性(只表达被动)。①ThisisaplaywrittenbyShakespeare.②Heisamanlovedbyall.从逻辑关系上看，过去分词作定语所修饰的词一定是它的逻辑宾语。①Aletterpostedtodaywillprobablyreachhimthedayaftertomorrow.②Ihatetoreadletterswritteninpencil.注意：1.目前分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的_______关系，表达该动作的______和_______，若与所修饰的名词之间构成动宾关系，且又强调动作的进行，就用其被动形式：__________________。Therearetworoadsbeforeus，oneleadingtothebeach，theotherleadingtothepark.Themeetingbeingheldnowisveryimportant.2.动词不定式作定语时，须放在被修饰的名词或代词的背面，表达的往往是______的动作，要根据它与被修饰词之间的主被动关系来决定用todo还是用tobedone。Hewillattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.当被修饰词被序数词修饰时，用不定式作定语。ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.3.不定式常作下列名词的定语，与被修饰词之间构成同位语关系：attempt，ability，anything，chance,determination，decision，effort，intention，opportunity，plan，promise，way等。DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteinEnglish?4.havingdonehavingbeendone不能用作定语(·高考陕西卷)Thewitnesses________bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.A．questionedB．beingquestionedC．tobequestionedD．havingquestioned(·高考辽宁卷)LaurawasawayinParisforoveraweek.Whenshegothome，therewasapileofmail________forher.A．waitedB．towaitC．waitingD．waswaiting(·高考山东卷)Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf________inonecorner.A．standingB．tostandC．standsD．stood(·高考四川卷)Theairport________nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.A．beingcompletedB．tobecompletedC．completedD．havingbeencompleted考点三非谓语动词作宾补部分动词背面常用不定式作宾语补足语。advise/allow/ask/beg/expect/encourage/force/get/invite/order/permit/persuade/tell/warn/wish等。①Theyhavewarnedustobecarefulofrats.②Sheaskedhimtosingforherfriends，butshedidn’tinvitehimtohavedinnerwiththem.感官动词see/lookat/watch/notice/observe/hear/listento/feel不定式一般表达动作的全过程。积极句中不定式不带to，但被动句中不定式带to。①Didyounoticeanyonecomein？②Hewasseentocrosstheroad.目前分词表达宾语和补足语之间存在着积极、进行的关系。①Isawhimrunningdownthestreet.②Ifeltanantclimbingovermyleg.过去分词表达宾语和补足语之间存在着被动、完毕的关系。①Theyweregladtoseethechildrentakengoodcareof.②Weweresurprisedtofindourroomthoroughlycleaned.使役动词make/let/have积极句中不定式不带to，但被动句中不定式带to。①Pleaseletmehaveyourpassport.②Weweremadetowork12hoursaday.目前分词表达“使……处在某种状态；使……持续不断地做某事”。①Theyhadthefireburningallnightlong. ②Sorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.过去分词表达宾语和补足语之间存在着被动、完毕的关系。Youhadbetterhaveyourradiorepaired. Heraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimselfheard.“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构造中。不定式一般表达尚未发生。Withalotofworktodo，hedidn’tgotothecinema.目前分词表达积极/进行。Withaboyleadingtheway，theystartedtowardsthevillage.过去分词表达被动/完毕。Themurdererwastakenin，withhishandstiedbehindhisback.(·高考北京卷)Whenwesawtheroad_______withsnow，wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.A．blockB．toblockC．blockingD．blocked(·嘉兴二测)—Didyouwitnessthetrafficaccidentroundthecorner?—Itwasreallyscaring.Manypeoplewerepassingwiththeireyeshalf________．A．coveredB．coveringC．beingcoveredD．tobecovered(·山西太原二模)Manyfarmersinthecountrysidehavegonetocitiestolookforworkandlefttheirchildrenbehind________bytheirgrandparents.A．raisedB．raisingC．beingraisedD．toberaised考点四非谓语动词作主语和宾语作主语不定式表达具体、特指的动作时，用不定式更多见。①Toseeistobelieve.②Itonlytookusayeartocompletetheproject.③ItwasnotrightforthesouthtobreakawayfromtheUnion.温馨提示：当作主语的不定式短语较长时，常用形式主语it来替代不定式置于句首。动词ing形式表达抽象、泛指的动作时，用动词ing形式更多见。①TeachingEnglishatmiddleschoolismyfulltimejob. ②InsomeArabiancountries，shakingone’sheadfromsidetosidemeansagreement.③Knowingsomeotherlanguagesisagreathelptous. 温馨提示：Itisnouse/nogood/awasteoftimedoingsth.句型中应用动词ing形式作主语。①It’snousetalkinglikethis.②It’sawasteoftimearguingwithhim.作宾语部分动词(短语)背面只能接不定式作宾语。常用的有：agree/ask/choose/dare/decide/demand/desire/expect/fail/hope/learn/manage/offer/plan/promise/pretend/refuse/want/wish等。①Heagreedtolendmehisbike.②Herefusedtosaysorrytome.③Shewantedtogohomeearlierthatday.部分动词(短语)背面只能接动词ing形式作宾语。常用的有：avoid/appreciate/delay/enjoy/escape/excuse/finish/imagine/mind/miss/practise/suggest/keep(on)/feellike/devoteoneselfto/giveup/be(get)usedto/beworth/insiston/lookforwardto/prefer...to...等。①Headmittedtakingmymoney.②Iimaginedbecomingawriterinmychildhood.③Heisusedtowalkingtohisofficeeveryday.部分动词后接不定式和动词ing形式均可，意义区别不大。常用的有：begin/start/continue/hate/like/love/prefer等。①Theybeganthrowing/tothrowfurnitureoutofthewindow.②Doyoulikeplaying/toplaychess？部分动词(短语)后接不定式和动词ing形式时，含义不同，应注意辨别。remembertodosth.记住要做某事(未做)rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(已做)forgettodosth.忘掉去做某事(未做)forgetdoingsth.忘掉做过某事(已做)regrettodosth.对将要做的事感到遗憾、抱歉(未做)regretdoingsth.懊悔做过某事(已做)trytodosth.试图努力地做某事(但不一定成功)trydoingsth.试着做某事(只是试试，不付出很大努力)meantodosth.打算、想要做某事meandoingsth.意思是、意味着stoptodosth.停下(别的事情)来去做某事(不定式为目的状语)stopdoingsth.停止做某事goontodosth/goondoing①I’llremembertopostyourletter.②Idon’tremembersayingthistohimbefore.③Iforgottotellhimtocome.④I’llneverforgetseeinghimforthefirsttime.⑤Iregrettosaythatthejobhasbeenfilled.⑥Hebitterlyregrettedeverhavingmentionedit.⑦Youmusttrytoimproveyourteachingmethod.⑧Ifnooneanswers，tryknockingatthebackdoor.⑨Imeanttosendyouapostcard，butIdidn’thaveyouraddress.⑩Thesesymbolsmeannothingtome.⑪Let’sstoptobuysomethingtoeathere.⑫Let’sstopworkingandhavearest.⑬Afterreadingthetext，hewentontowritethenewwords.⑭Hewentontellingusthestoryafterashortrest.⑮Iwanttojointhearmy.⑯Theroadwantsrebuilding.⑰Ican’thelptocarrytheboxbecausemyarmhurts.(·高考福建卷)________basicfirstaidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A．KnownB．HavingknownC．KnowingD．Beingknown(·北京十一学校高三月考)Thetimeandefforthehasdevotedduringthepastfewyears________treesinthatremoteareaisnowconsideredtobeofgreatvalue.A．toplantingB．toplantC．plantD．planting(·南京第五十五中学高三月考)Thesoldiernarrowlyescaped________inthefiercebattle.A．havekilledB．killingC．tobekilledD．beingkilled(·陕西五校二模)________theopportunitytospeakatthegraduationceremonymademeoverjoyed.A．BeingofferedB．ToofferC．HavingofferedD．Offered考点五独立构造体现形式意义典句示例独立主格构造名词/代词＋目前分词/过去分词目前分词表积极或正在进行，过去分词表被动和完毕①Thegirlstaringathim，hedidn’tknowwhattosay.②Homeworkfinished，theboywentouttoplay.不定式表将来，筹划安排要做的事Hismothertocometonight，heisbusypreparingthedinner.形容词/副词表白名词或代词所处的状态①Hestoodthere，hismouthwideopen. ②Schoolover，weallwenthome.介词短语表位置Heisstandinginfrontoftheblackboard，hisbacktowardsus.(·高考新课标全国卷)Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather________．A．permittingB．topermitC．permittedD．permit(·启东中学高三检测)Mary________allthehousework，shedroppedherselfintothesofa，sighingwithrelief.A．finishedB．hadfinishedC．havingfinishedD．finishing(·盐城中学高三考试)________，andstudentshavingreturned，theschoolwillstartoutwith________effortintheworkthatliesbeforeit.A．Thesummervacationisover；refreshingB．Asthesummervacationover；renewedC．Thesummervacationbeingover；renewedD．Withthesummervacationbeingover；refreshing(·扬州中学高三质检)________，theydivedintoataxiandheadedfortheairport.A．GoodbyewassaidB．GoodbyehadbeensaidC．GoodbyesaidD．Whengoodbyesaid(·东台三仓中学月考)_____theresponsibilitiesofthefamily，Iworkedhardtoearnaliving.A．BeingburdenedwithB．BurdenedwithC．BurdeningwithD．Toburdenwith(·天津耀华中学模考)________theroom，thenursefoundthetaperecorder________．A．Entering；stealingB．Entering；goneC．Tohaveentered；goneD．Havingentered；tobestolen(·泗阳中学高三月考)Thegoldenmanwasalmostfourmeterstall，andtherewereraysoflight________fromhishead________littheentirepalacehall.A．coming；inwhichB．coming；thatC．tocome；whichD．havingcome；fromwhich(·沐阳五校高三联考)Whichdoyouenjoy________yourweekend，swimmingorfishing?A．spendingB．beingspentC．spendD．tospend(·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Thesunlightiswhiteandblinding，________hardedgeshadowsontheground.A．throwingB．beingthrownC．tothrowD．tobethrown(·高考浙江卷)___howothersreacttothebookyouhavejustreadcreatesanaddedpleasure.A．HearingB．HearC．HavingheardD．Tobehearing(·高考浙江卷)Agoodlistenertakespartintheconversation，________ideasandraisingquestionstokeepthetalkflowing.A．realizingB．copyingC．offeringD．misunderstanding(·高考江苏卷)Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeand________toruins，thecitytookonanewlook.A．reducingB．reducedC．beingreducedD．havingreduced(·扬州中学高三质检)Davidgotwellpreparedfortheuniversityinterview，forhecouldn’triskthegoodopportunity________．A．toloseB．losingC．tobelostD．beinglost(·天一中学高三试 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 )Thetrafficrulessaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand________lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A．beingweighedB．toweighC．weighedD．weighing(·盐城二模)Membersofthemedia________tocoverRoyaleventsorstoriesshouldmakethemselvesfamiliarwiththeguidanceprovidedinthissection.A．seekB．soughtC．seekingD．toseek(·盐城一模)—Doyouknowthemantalkingtotheheadmaster?—Ascientist________avisittoourschool.HewillgiveusaspeechonsatelliteTVtomorrow.A．paysB．payingC．ispayingD．havingpaid(·南通期末)RedSorghumwasadaptedfromMoYan’s1986novelofthesamename，________tolifeavisuallandscapeofredsorghumandafiery________sun.A．brought；settingB．bringing；settingC．havingbrought；setD．bringing；set(·常州三中模拟)Chinaishometomanyfamoushistoricsites，oneofwhich，________the14thcentury.A．datesfromB．datesbacktoC．datedfromD．datingbackto(·南京一模)Ofallthefeelings，bodilypainisthemostdifficult________．A．explainedB．toexplainC．beingexplainedD．tobeexplained