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Unit4
Ⅰ. Objectives
Ⅱ. Suggested Teaching Plan
Ⅲ. Background Information
Ⅳ. Class Presentation
Preview
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prev.
Preview
This is the fourth unit of Book Three. In the Listening and Speaking section, you will learn how to reassure somebody and will do some practical exercises. In the Reading and Writing section, Text A relates the story of a great on- and off-screen hero, Christopher Reeve. Text B tells us how Lance Armstrong overcame obstacles and performed amazing feats. In Text C, the writer describes the experience of the two adventurers who first climbed up Mt. Everest.
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Obj.
Ⅰ. Objectives
After studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to
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s.t.p.1
Ⅱ.Suggested Teaching Plan
Suggested Time and Teaching Plan for Unit 4
Time
Contents
Plan
1) The Language for Reassurance
A.
The teacher begins with the Preview to make sure that the students have some idea of what this unit is all about. After that, the teacher activates Listening and Speaking exercises as follows:
2 periods
Preview
Listening and Speaking
Give a brief lead-in talk on when and how to reassure people;
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s.t.p.1.2
B.
Have the students listen to Ex. 1 (2-3 times) and fill in the blanks with the missing words;
C.
Ask one student to read aloud the talk to check the fillings;
D.
Organize the activity to accomplish Ex.2. Ask one or two students to tell the class what they are worried or anxious about and have the others reassure them using the language presented in Ex.1 in order to make sure students know how to use the language they have just picked up in Ex.1.
Time
Contents
Plan
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s.t.p.2
2) Reassure Someone
Go through the new words and phrases for the conversation in Exercise 3;
A.
Time
Contents
Plan
E. Next, students can role-play the conversation.
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s.t.p.3
Time
Contents
Plan
3) Follow-up Practice (Be Selective )
Ask students to read the passage in Ex.4 silently while they are listening to the recording, and then divide the class into several groups to do questions and answers according to the passage, one of them working as a guide and the others as tourists. After that, invite one group to act out the conversation between the guide and tourists.
Go through the words and expressions from the ad in Ex.6 and have the students do questioning exercises as guided after reading the ad. Note: One thing can be expressed in many forms.
A.
B.
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s.t.p.3.2
Time
Contents
Plan
Listen to the conversation in Ex.7, do the exercises in it, and ask some students to speak out their questions. Note: One thing can be expressed in many forms.
C.
Listen to the recording of Ex.8 and ask the students to respond by interpreting orally the Chinese messages into English.
D.
Assign the students to do Ex.9 and Ex.10 as their homework before they come to class next time. The teacher tells them how to do these exercises and presents any topic-related expressions on the chalkboard in advance, which can be used when the students make preparation for presentation.
E.
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s.t.p.4
3 periods
Review of the listening and speaking skills the students have learned
The teacher begins with the assignment mainly to have a review of the functional and notional language the students picked up in the previous unit. The teacher asks some students to tell class their messages based on the statistical diagram in Ex.9 or present their opinions on the topic of "Advantages and Disadvantages of Jumping from Job to Job" orally. Then, the teacher turns to the Reading and Writing section. (These activities should be completed in 15 minutes.)
Time
Contents
Plan
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s.t.p.5
1) Starter
After a brief explanation of the instructions, the teacher
A.
gives the students a few minutes to think about the questions in the starter;
Time
Contents
Plan
Text A & text-related exercises
B.
asks some students to answer the questions. (10 minutes)
2) Text A
A.
The teacher
lets the students answer the text-related questions, helps them identify the main idea of each paragraph and analyzes some
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s.t.p.6
B.
guides the students through the exercises, focusing on certain items or leaving some exercises as the students’ homework according to the students’ different levels of English (one period).
1 period
Grammar Review and
1) Grammar Review
he teacher talks about the use of model verbs, and at the same time, asks the students to do the grammar exercises in class.
Time
Contents
Plan
language points while discussing the whole text with the students (one and a half periods);
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s.t.p.7
Practical Writing
2) Practical Writing
The teacher tells as well as shows the students how to write an inquiry letter by doing Ex.11 of Practical Writing, and then requires the students to do Ex.12 as their homework.
Time
Contents
Plan
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s.t.p.8
2 periods
Text B, Text C & text-related exercises
1) Text B
While discussing the text with the students, the teacher calls on the students to pay attention to the structure of the paragraphs of the text, asking the students to answer the questions about the text. Exercises 14 and 15 can be done either in class or after class.
2) Text C
This text should be read by the students themselves as their homework or as fast-reading in class.
Time
Contents
Plan
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s.t.p.9
Basic Reading Skills
3) Basic Reading Skills
The teacher tells the students how to read an index, and asks them to do the exercises in Basic Reading Skills.
Time
Contents
Plan
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BI_Main
III. Background Information
Christopher Reeve
Lance Armstrong
Tour de France
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BI- Christopher Reeve1
Christopher Reeve
Christopher Reeve (September 25, 1952 — October 10, 2004) was an American actor, director, producer and writer renowned for his film portrayal of Superman / Clark Kent.
Reeve was born in New York City to writer/professor Franklin Reeve and journalist Barbara Johnson. When he was four, his parents divorced. His mother moved with sons Christopher and Benjamin to Princeton, New Jersey, and married an investment banker a few years later. After graduating from high school, Reeve studied at Cornell University, while at the same time working as a professional actor. In his final year of Cornell, he was one of the two students selected (Robin Williams was the other) to study at New York’s famous Juilliard School of Performing Arts, under the renowned John Houseman. Although Christopher is most well known for his role as Superman (1978), a role which he played with both charisma and grace, his acting career spans a much larger ground.
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BI- Christopher Reeve2
In 1995 Reeve was paralyzed from the neck down in a riding accident and spent the rest of his life wheelchair-bound, becoming a spokesperson for the disabled and for stem cell research.
Selected quotes of Christopher Reeve:
"I was worried that only acting with my voice and my face, I might not be able to communicate effectively enough to tell the story, but I was surprised to find that if I really concentrated, and just let the thoughts happen, that they would read on my face. With so many close-ups, I knew that my every thought would count."
"So many of our dreams at first seem impossible, then they seem improbable, and then when we summon the will, they soon become inevitable."
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BI-Lance Armstrong1
Lance Armstrong
Lance Armstrong was born September 18, 1971 in Plano, Texas. His parents divorced when Armstrong was really young and Lance was raised by his mother, Linda. Lance Armstrong got his first bicycle when he was seven and started riding every day. Some days Armstrong would cycle all the way to Oklahoma and would have to call his mom to come pick him up. Eventually, Lance Armstrong was able to bike home himself and started entering amateur races. During his senior year of high school, he moved to Colorado to train with the US Olympic development team for cycling.
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BI-Lance Armstrong2
Lance Armstrong competed in the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, where he placed 14th in the road race. After the Olympics, Armstrong turned professional and joined the Motorola cycling team. His professional career didn't get off to a great start, as Lance Armstrong finished dead last in his first race. But in 1993, Armstrong won the World Road Race Championship in Oslo, Norway and by 1996 Lance was the seventh-ranked cyclist in the world.
After competing in the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta, Armstrong started to feel tired and weak and couldn't race as well as he used to. Doctors told Lance he had cancer in his testicles. Lance Armstrong had one of his testicles removed and started massive chemotherapy. The cancer eventually spread to Armstrong’s brain and doctors only gave him a 40 percent chance of surviving. That didn't stop Lance Armstrong from believing he could race again. Armstrong had surgery and several more doses of chemotherapy and was cancer-free by February, 1997.
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BI-Lance Armstrong3
Lance Armstrong returned to competitive cycling in 1998, and in 1999 he entered the grueling Tour de France — a 2,274 mile race through the Alps. Armstrong dominated the race from start to finish and won the event by nearly seven minutes. Lance’s amazing comeback from cancer made Armstrong a world-wide celebrity and an inspiration for other people with cancer. Since returning to competitive cycling, Lance Armstrong has been the world’s most dominant force on two wheels. He won the Tour de France a record six consecutive times — 1999 to 2004. His success prompted some to nickname the event the Tour de Lance.
Armstrong’s achievements have been widely lauded. In 2002, Sports Illustrated magazine named him their Sportsman of the Year. He was also named Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year for 2002, 2003 and 2004, received ESPN’s ESPY Award for Best Male Athlete in 2003 and 2004, and won the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Overseas Personality Award in 2003.
(From www.lancearmstrong.com.)
A quote of Lance Armstrong:
"If I never had cancer, I never would have won."
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BI-Tour de France
Tour de France
The (Le) Tour de France (French for Tour of France), also simply known as Le Tour, is an epic long distance cycling competition for professionals held over three weeks in July in and around France. It has been held annually since 1903, only interrupted by World War I and World War II, and is now one of the world's largest sporting events.
Along with the Giro d’Italia (Tour of Italy) and the Vuelta a Espaa (Tour of Spain), the Tour de France makes up cycling's "Grand Tours.“
(From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)
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Class list
Ⅳ. Class Presentation
Listening & Speaking
Reading & Writing
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LS
Listening & Speaking
The Language for Reassurance
Reassure Someone
Follow-up Practice
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L&S The language-main
The Language for Offering Encouragement
You are going to listen to an instructor talking about reassurance. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing words.
Make believe you are worried or anxious about something. Tell your classmates about it and see whether they can reassure you using the language presented in Exercise 1.
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Lp-main
Follow-up Practice
Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.
Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.
Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.
Listen and, during the timed paused, translate orally into English the Chinese sentences in each of the following three short conversations.
Take a close look at the following diagram. Think about it for one minute. Then give a two-minute oral presentation to tell the class what you think the information means.
Have a discussion on the topic given below.
Read the above passage aloud in class. Ask and answer questions about mass transportation in Manhattan. Put down any useful information about it on the chalkboard. Then act out the role of the guide before a group of tourists.
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LS_The Language for Reassurance1
You are going to listen to an instructor talking about reassurance. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing words.
The Language for Reassurance
Instructor:
To reassure is to make someone feel free from fear or anxiety(焦虑). Fear or anxiety is emotion. One can have
when he or she is afraid that something unpleasant
him or her. It is common that you assure someone .
(心理的) aid. It helps the person fear or anxiety and promotes interpersonal (人与人之间的) communication.
an unpleasant
____________
such a feeling
____________
might happen to
_____________
in such an emotional state
_____________________
get rid of
_________
Effective reassurance is an art. Familiarize yourselves with the following expressions to develop this artistic skill:
— I wouldn't worry, if I were you. .
— Don't worry, all will turn out right. Though it seems terrible now, soon
you'll see that .
Try not to give in to worry
_____________________
there's little to worry about
_____________________
Reassurance is a psychological
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LS_The Language for Reassurance2
— Don't feel bad. .
— I would have done just the same thing in your place.
.
— There's no need to get upset about that. .
— I believe (that) your fears are unnecessary.
.
— Don't let this small hurdle (障碍) distress you.
.
— . You’re making more out of this than you need to.
.
It could happen to us all
___________________
There's really no reason to be anxious
_______________________________
Don't give it a second thought
________________________
I can assure you (that) you'll pass it next time
____________________________________
Let me reassure you (that) your project is quite satisfying
______________________________________________
Take it easy
__________
Everything will turn out just fine
_________________________
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LS2
Make believe you are worried or anxious about something. Tell your classmates about it and see whether they can reassure you using the language presented in Exercise 1.
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LS_Reassure Someone1
Reassure Someone
Before you listen to the upcoming conversation, read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.
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LS_Reassure Someone2
Listen to the following conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words.
Doctor Gold:
Wang Ying:
Doctor Gold:
Wang Ying:
Doctor Gold:
Wang Ying:
Doctor Gold:
Wang Ying:
Doctor Gold:
Wang Ying:
Doctor Gold:
Wang Ying:
Doctor Gold:
Wang Ying:
Doctor Gold:
How are you doing today, Wang Ying? You look good.
Thanks. Is it serious, Doctor Gold?
No, it isn't . It's a minor operation. .
When are you going to perform the operation?
Tomorrow.
, Doctor Gold.
I believe your fears are unnecessary. nothing will happen to you.
What am I supposed to do before operation?
All you have to do , and take it easy, OK?
I got it.
Good.
How long will I have to stay here after operation?
Just .
Thank you so much.
Anytime.
There's nothing to worry about
________________________
I'm so scared
__________
I can assure you
______________
is rest in bed
___________
a couple of days
_____________
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LS_Reassure Someone3
Now listen to the above conversation again and answer the following questions.
1. Where did the conversation most probably take place?
In the hospital.
2. What will the doctor do?
He'll perform a minor operation on Wang Ying.
3. What did the doctor do before the operation?
He reassured Wang Ying.
4. What did the doctor ask Wang Ying to do before the operation?
He asked her to rest in bed and relax.
5. How long will Wang Ying stay in the hospital after the operation?
For a couple of days.
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LS_Follow-up Practice_4_1
Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.
Follow-up Practice
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LS-Follow-up Practice_4_2
There are more than 200 local bus routes in the city over which some 3,642 buses operate. The bus system is a supplement to the subway system. In Manhattan, buses run north and south (uptown and downtown) on most avenues, and east and west (crosstown) on principal streets. The route number and its destination are indicated on the front of each bus. Buses stop frequently, about every two blocks. Passengers board at the front of the bus and deposit $1.00 (exact fare required) or a subway token. Most lines run all night, with reduced service after midnight.
While listening to the recording, read silently the following NYC (New York City) guide information about mass transportation in Manhattan.
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LS_Follow-up Practice_5
Read the above passage aloud in class. Ask and answer questions about mass transportation in Manhattan. Put down any useful information about it on the chalkboard. Then act out the role of the guide before a group of tourists.
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LS_Follow-up Practice_6_1
Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.
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LS-Follow-up Practice_6_2
Read the following advertisement for information.
THE COTTAGE RESTAURANT!
Breakfast 7 days 7:30 AM-3:00 PM
Lunch 11:00AM-3:00PM
Dinner Thurs-Sat Starting at 5:00PM
Dining features homemade meals from Eggs Benedic &
Panettone French toast to our famous Caesar salad &
artichoke soup. Choose from over 100 entrées. Breakfast,
lunch, dinner.
Lincoln St. btwn Ocean & 7th, Carmel, CA 93921
(831) 625-6260
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LS-Follow-up Practice_6_3
Pretend you are interested in the above restaurant and ask the manager three questions over the phone for more information (write down your questions first if necessary).
Question 1 about its specialties:
Question 2 about the parking lot:
Question 3 about the location:
a. Do you have any specialties?
b. What kind of specialties do you serve?
c. Are there any particular specialties that you serve?
a. Do you have a parking lot?
b. Is it convenient to park my car?
a. Where are you?
b. What is your address?
Act out the above short conversation in class.
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LS_Follow-up Practice_7_1
Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.
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LS_Follow-up Practice_7_2
Listen twice to the taped phone dialogue below between a manager and a customer whose role you are supposed to play. First, put down your answers to the manager's questions during the timed pauses. Second, speak your answers out loud.
Manager:
Customer:
Manager:
Customer:
Manager:
Customer:
Manager:
Customer:
Manager:
Customer:
Manager:
Customer:
Act out the above conversation in class.
Peking Duck Restaurant, may I help you?
.
When will it be?
.
OK, a table for how many?
.
That's it?
Yes. Oh, do you accept credit cards?
Yes, we do.
Great. By the way, do you serve any other specialties apart from roast duck?
Certainly, some Peking-style stir-fried entrées.
Sounds good to me.
Oh, yes. I’d like to make a reservation
______________________________
Six o’clock this evening
___________________
A table for two, please
__________________
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LS-Follow-up Practice_8_1
Listen and, during the timed pauses, translate orally into English the Chinese sentences in each of the following three short conversations.
A male Voice: Then how come there are all these French words on the
menu — starting with “menu”?
You: 法国人和中国人被认为在世界上拥有最好的烹饪(cuisine)——
这不,又是一个法语单词。因为早期的美国人大多数是欧洲血统
(of European origin)，所以我们在菜单里采用了(adopt)法
语单词(terminology)。
The French and the Chinese are considered to have the best cuisines — another French word — in the world. Since most early Americans were of European origin, we adopted French terminology for our menus.
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LS-Follow-up Practice_8_2
It was delicious. That steamed fish was my favorite! And your
service is excellent. Can I put it on my credit card? Act out the
above conversations in class.
2. A Female Voice: OK. What else are we going to serve?
You: 听着，我有一个想法，晚餐吃火锅，而不是做一道道菜，怎么样？
3. A Male Voice: How was the dinner?
You: 味道好极了。蒸鱼是我最喜欢的。当然，你的服务也是一流的。
能用信用卡付账吗？
Listen, I’ve got an idea. Instead of making a lot of
separate dishes, how about a Mongolian hot pot dinner?
Act out the above conversation in class.
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LS-Follow-up Practice_9_1
Take a close look at the following diagram. Think about it for one minute. Then give a two-minute oral presentation to tell the class what you think the information means.
Suggested Presentation:
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LS-Follow-up practice_9_2
From the chart, we can see that people jump from job to job at different rates. The rate has much to do with years of work experience. The more work experience people have, the more likely they will move from job to job.
Those with over 10 years of work experience have the highest rate of job jumping. It is almost 10 times higher than that of newcomers who have worked less than a year. Well-seasoned workers are the ones most likely to change their minds.
In today’s changing world, people don't usually stay at one job their whole life. They tend to move from one position to the next because they have a strong desire to grow and develop. Needing to challenge themselves, people find it difficult to stay satisfied with what they already have. They like to move out of or beyond their current financial, academic and/or social situation. This makes them feel their life is worthwhile.
Everything is always changing. Nothing ever stands still in the world. Human beings are part of this movement. Not only do they have to adapt to the changing times, but also they have to feel they’re not left behind. It is understandable that people tend to jump from job to job. Growth, change and transformation are part of human nature.
Suggested Presentation:
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LS-Follow-up practice_10
Have a discussion on the topic given below.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Jumping from Job to Job
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RW list
Reading & Writing
Text A
Text B
Text C
Death of a Real Superman
High Five!
On Top of the World
Text A Exercises
Text B Exercises
Comprehension of the Text
Basic Reading Skills
Grammar Review
Practical Writing
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Starter1
Starter
Almost everyone has his/her own hero/heroine. Who is your hero/heroine? Why do you think of him/her as a hero/heroine? Talk to your classmates and exchange your opinions on heroes.
Text A
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Article1-3
Text A
Brad Guire
Death of a Real Superman
1 Last Sunday, the world lost one of its greatest on- and off-screen heroes. Christopher Reeve. Superman. My childhood hero.
2 Christopher Reeve left us on October 10, 2004, after slipping into a coma a day after he suffered cardiac arrest. Mankind is a little sadder with him gone, but so much the richer for having had him in it.
3 For some, it may seem unusual to cry over the loss of someone you haven’t personally known, but I couldn't help but break down in grief. While there are no words to describe how truly heartbroken I am, I want to seriously address our collective loss this past weekend.
?
N
N
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Article4-5
4 One of my earliest childhood memories is watching a Superman movie and wearing my Superman cape. I grew up on Superman movies and learned to read from Superman comics. I can’t count how many times I dressed up as Superman for Halloween.
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5 Back then, flying and a flashy outfit were enough to capture my attention, but it wasn't until I matured that I realized what made Reeve’s Superman the greatest hero of all.
N
Text A
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article6
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6 As an actor, Reeve wasn’t afraid to add depth and dimension to a character that could so easily be played as two-dimensional and flat, thus his Superman was a man of strong principle and sense of justice. As a human being, Reeve wasn't afraid to look adversity and hardship in the eye and face it with firm determination. In his book, Still Me, he told how he considered suicide after his riding accident to relieve his family of the burden of his condition. But his wife, Dana, told him, “You’re still you, and I love you.”
N
N
Text A
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article7
7 When I read that, I realized that your worth in life isn’t about your job, how much money is in your bank account or the kind of car you drive. You’re not defined by what you have. You’re defined by who you are and who loves you. I feel good about my life knowing that I found a wife who would no doubt be by my side if a similar tragedy were to strike me.
N
N
Text A
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Article8-9
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8 Reeve could have easily remained in rehabilitation, seldom leaving the comfort or convenience of home. He had plenty of financial resources to keep him from worrying about medical bills.
9 Instead he fought for nine years, spending much of that time using his celebrity status to give speeches, awards and to raise awareness of issues important to paraplegics. Through the Christopher Reeve Paralysis Foundation, he worked non-stop to fund research that might someday yield a cure for paralysis and to help support others with disabilities who may have limited resources.
N
Text A
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Article10-13
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10 Reading about his experiences after his accident made me appreciate my ability to walk, run, feel, use the restroom, even to simply breathe — things we all take for granted. But it has also made me realize that in this world of cynics, corruption and evil, there are still people out there who are beacons of hope in an otherwise dreary world.
11 Heroes are real, and Christopher Reeve was one of them. Superman made him a star, but his work to aid those with disabilities will make him a legacy.
12 So goodbye, friend. I’ll miss you, and I’m sorry we never got to see you walk again. I always believed you would; regardless, I’ll never forget the lessons you taught me about generosity, selflessness, confidence and strength. Those are values I grew up with and still believe in.
13 Yes, even as an adult, I still believe in my hero. (588 words)
N
Text A
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Article1-3_popwin_title
Title of Text A
Chinese Version
一个真正的超人之死 (布雷德•圭尔)
superman /()/ n. man with much greater strength, ability,
intelligence, etc. than other people 超人
Brad Gruire / / 布雷德·圭尔
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Article1-3_popwin_Q
1) Who is Christopher Reeve and what happened to him on October 10, 2004?
2) What did the writer feel about his death? Why?
Christopher Reeve is an actor who played the role of Superman on the screen and he died on October 10, 2004.
The writer cried over the loss, breaking down in grief because Reeve had always been his childhood hero.
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Article1-3_popwin_T
一个真正的超人之死
布雷德•圭尔
上个星期天，世界失去了最伟大的银幕上下的双料英雄之一。克里斯托弗•里夫。超人。我童年时代的英雄。
克里斯托弗•里夫在心脏停搏一天后陷入昏迷，于2004年10月10日离开了我们。人类为他的离去感到一些悲伤，但更因为他曾是人类的一分子而富有得多。
在有些人看来，为一个你个人并不认识的人的去世而痛苦，或许是异乎寻常的，但我还是忍不住陷入悲痛之中。虽然没有什么语言可以描述我是多么悲伤，但我还是想严肃地谈一谈在过去这个周末我们共同的损失。
Chinese Version
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Article1-3_popwin_slip into
slip into: fall into 陷入
Language Points
e.g.
The boy has slipped into a bad habit.
The patient slipped into unconsciousness.
Bad habits are slipping into your speech.
病人陷入了昏迷。
那男孩养成了坏习惯。
你首先得激发孩子们的学习兴趣，然后再去教他们。
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Article1-3_popwin_screen
screen //: n. flat surface on which films, etc. are shown; thing that is
made or put up to protect sb./sth. from being seen or from
wind, fire, insects, etc. 银幕；屏幕；屏，幕，帘，帐
e.g.
a computer with an 18-inch colour screen
A tall screen separated the living room from the dining room.
a wide-screen film
一个高屏风把起居室和餐室分隔开来。
带有18英寸彩色屏幕的计算机
宽银幕电影
Language Points
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Article1-3_popwin_coma
coma //: n. state of deep unconsciousness 昏迷
e.g.
The patient has been in a coma for a week and there doesn’t seem to be any hope of recovery.
病人已经昏迷了一个星期，看来没有什么恢复的希望了。
Language Points
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Article1-3_popwin_suffer
suffer //: v. feel pain, sadness, etc.; experience or undergo (sth.
unpleasant) 受痛苦；经受，遭受
e.g.
She was suffering from a headache.
He suffered head injuries in the accident.
他在车祸中头部受伤。
她正经受头痛之苦。
Language Points
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Article1-3_popwin_cardiac
cardiac //: a. of or relating to the heart or heart disease
心脏的；心脏病的
e.g.
cardiac disease
cardiac arrest/failure
心搏停止
心脏病
Language Points
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Article1-3_popwin_arrest
arrest //: 1. vt. seize with the authority of the law 逮捕；拘留
e.g.
The criminal was arrested yesterday.
罪犯昨天被捕了。
2. n. act of arresting; stoppage 逮捕；拘留；停止
e.g.
The police made three arrests yesterday.
He died of heart arrest.
警察昨天执行了三项逮捕行动。
他死于心搏停止。
Language Points
(3)
Article1-3_popwin_S_Mandkind…
Mankind is a little sadder with him gone, but so much the richer for having had him in it.
人类为他的离去感到一些悲伤，但更因为他曾是人类的一分子而富有得多。
This sentence has a grammatical pattern introduced by “with” (“with + noun. or pron. + participle,” which serves as an adverbial (an adverbial of cause in this sentence). 本句中，有一个with引导的复合结构”with + 名词或代词 + 分词”，起状语作用，
表
关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf
示原因。
又如：
With the trip in England ended, I was able to get some rest in the United States.
With me helping, you don’t have to worry.
英国之行结束之后，我得以回美国休息一段时间。
有我帮你，不必担心。
Language Points
(3)
Article1-3_popwin_mankind
mankind //: n. the human race 人类
e.g.
Disease is an enemy of mankind.
He thought that some day his invention would be of use to all mankind.
他认为总有一天他的发明会对全人类有用。
疾病是人类的敌人。
Language Points
(3)
Article1-3_popwin_cry over
cry over: lament or grieve about 对…感到伤心； 为…感到悲痛
e.g.
He cried over the dead cat.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
[谚]牛奶已泼，哭也无用。(覆水难收，指为无可挽回的事悲伤是没有用的。）
他为那只死去的猫而悲伤。
Language Points
(3)
Article1-3_popwin_can’t help…
can’t/couldn’t help but do sth.: be unable to stop doing sth.
不得不做某事；不由得做某事；禁不住做某事
e.g.
She couldn’t help but smile.
I can’t help but admire his courage.
我不得不赞赏他的勇气。
她忍不住笑了起来。
注意：but 后需接原形动词。
Language Points
(3)
Article1-3_popwin_break down
break down: give way to emotion or tears 感情失去控制；痛哭起来
e.g.
He broke down twice when giving evidence on his son’s death.
She broke down in tears when she heard the news.
听到这个消息时，她痛哭起来 。
在为儿子的死提供证据时，他两次失声痛哭。
Language Points
(3)
Article1-3_popwin_S_while there…
While there are no words to describe how truly heartbroken I am, I wanted to make a serious address about our collective loss this past weekend.
虽然没有什么语言可以描述我是多么悲伤，但我还想严肃地谈一谈在过去这个周末我们共同的损失。
In this sentence, the conjunction “while” introduces an adverbial clause of concession, meaning “though” or “although.”
本句中连词while引导让步状语从句，表示”尽管，虽然”。
Language Points
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Article1-3_popwin_collective
collective //: 1. a. of, by or relating to a group or society as a whole;
joint; shared 集体的；共同的；集体所有的
e.g.
This is a collective decision.
collective ownership
Peace is the collective wish of the people all over the world.
collective efforts
collective leadership
集体所有制
这是一项集体决定。
和平是全世界人民的共同愿望。
共同努力
集体领导
2. n. group of people who work together 集体
e.g.
We have a united class collective.
我们有一个团结的班集体。
Language Points
(3)
Article1-3_popwin_Christopher Reeve
Christopher Reeve / / 克里斯托弗·里夫（1952—2004，美国电影演
员，以在系列影片《超人》中扮演男主人公超
人著称。1995年骑马受伤导致全身瘫痪）
Language Points
(3)
Article4-5_popwin_Q
He often watched Superman movies, wore a Superman cape, read from Superman comics and dressed up as Superman.
4) When did the writer realize what made Reeve’s Superman the greatest hero of all?
It was not until the writer matured that he realized what made Reeve’s Superman the greatest hero of all.
What did the writer often do in his childhood?
3)
(3)
Article4-5_popwin_T
Chinese Version
我最早的童年记忆之一便是看电影《超人》和披着我的超人斗篷。我是看着《超人》系列电影长大的，也是看着超人的连环漫画学会识字读
书
关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf
的。我已数不清有多少次过万圣节时我把自己装扮成超人了。
那时候，飞翔和令人炫目的装扮足以抓住我的注意力，但直到长大成人后我才认识到究竟是什么使得里夫的超人成为最伟大的英雄。
(3)
Article4-5_popwin_cape
cape //: n. kind of loose cloak that hangs down from the shoulders
斗篷；披肩
Language Points
(3)
Article4-5_popwin_comic
comic //: n. children’s magazine containing stories told mainly through
pictures 连环漫画册
e.g.
Most Sunday papers have comics, which children enjoy.
多数报纸的周日版都登载连环漫画，这是孩子们所喜欢的。
Language Points
(3)
Article4-5_popwin_dress up
dress up: put on one’s best clothes 穿上盛装；精心打扮
Children often enjoy dressing up in their parents clothes.
The man dressed up as a woman to attend the costume party.
孩子们往往喜欢穿上父母的衣服。
那男人穿着女人的衣服去参加化装晚会。
e.g.
Language Points
(3)
Article4-5_popwin_flash
flash //: n. sudden bright burst of light or flame 闪光；闪烁
e.g.
A flash of lightening lit up the night sky.
a flash of hope
一道闪电照亮了夜空。
一线希望
flashy //: (flashier, flashiest) a. 闪光的，闪烁的
e.g.
The famous actress often wore flashy clothes to her public appearances.
那位著名的女演员常穿着花哨的衣服在公众场合露面。
Language Points
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Article4-5_popwin_outfit
outfit //: n. set of clothes worn together (esp. for a particular occasion or
purpose) （尤指为特殊场合或目的穿的）全套服装
e.g.
The football team was wearing orange outfits.
这个足球队的队员都穿着一套橘黄色运动服。
Language Points
(3)
Article4-5_popwin_S_... It wasn’t…
… it wasn’t until I matured that I realized what made Reeve’s Superman the greatest hero of all.
……直到长大成人后我才认识到究竟是什么使得里夫的超人成为最伟大的英雄。
“ It is/was not until that…” is the emphatic form of the sentence pattern “not… until.” So the sentence can be written in the unemphatic form as “I didn’t realize… until I matured.” It is/was not until that…是句型”not… until”的强调形式。因此，本句的未强调时为：I didn’t realize… until I matured.
Language Points
(3)
Article6_popwin_Q
5) What did the writer think of the Superman Reeve played?
Reeve added depth and dimension to Superman so that the character was not two-dimensional and flat.
6) How did Reeve face adversity and hardship in real life?
He looked adversity and hardship in the eye and faced it with firm determination.
7) What did Reeve consider after his riding accident? Why?
He considered suicide because he wanted to relieve his family of the burden of his condition.
(3)
Article6_popwin_T
Chinese Version
作为一名演员，里夫并不害怕给一个很容易就会被演得缺乏深度、缺乏立体感的人物增加深度和维度，所以他演的超人就成了一个有着坚定的原则与正义感的人。而作为一个人，里夫也不怕正视厄运和磨难，以坚定的决心面对它。在他的书《仍然是我》中，他说他在那次从马上摔下受伤后，曾考虑过自杀以解除家人照顾他这个病人的重担。但他的妻子戴娜对他说：”你仍然是你，而我也仍然爱你。”
(3)
Article6_popwin_twodimensional:
two-dimensional //: a. having or appearing to have length
and breadth but no depth
二维的，平面的；没有深度的
e.g.
This is a movie with two-dimensional characters.
This is a two-dimensional novel.
这是一部人物没有深度的电影。
这是一部描写没有深度的小说。
Language Points
(3)
Article6_popwin_principle
principle //: n. general rule or standard of good behavior;
general law, rule, theory 行为准则；原理；原则
e.g.
It is against my principles to lie.
These two medical instruments work on the same principle.
in principle
说谎违背我的行为准则。
这两种医疗器械的工作原理是一样的。
原则上；大致上；通常
Language Points
(3)
Article6_popwin_justice
justice //: n. right and fair behavior or treatment 公平；公正；正义
e.g.
Everyone should be treated with justice.
a sense of justice
每个人都应受到公正的对待。
正义感
Language Points
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Article6_popwin_S_As an actor, Reeve wasn’…
As an actor, Reeve wasn’t afraid to add depth and dimension to a character that could so easily be played as two-dimensional and flat, thus his Superman was a man of strong principle and sense of justice.
作为一名演员，里夫并不害怕给一个很容易就会被演得缺乏深度、缺乏立体感的人物增加深度和维度，所以他演的超人就成了一个有着坚定的原则与正义感的人。
短语be afraid to do不同与be afraid of，后者表示worried, anxious (about doing sth.) in case one does wrong, or makes a mistake(怕做某事)。
e.g.
They didn’t play volleyball near the window. They were afraid of breaking it.
他们没在窗子附近打排球，他们怕把窗子打破了。
而前者侧重表示not want to do sth. because of fear（因为担心后果严重而不敢也不愿做某事）。
e.g.
We are never afraid to lay down our lives for the right cause.
为了正义的事业我们绝不怕牺牲自己的生命。
Language Points
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Article6_popwin_S_As a man…
As a human being, Reeve wasn’t afraid to look adversity and hardship in the eye…
而作为一个人，里夫也不怕正视厄运和磨难……
The phrase “look… in the eye” means “look directly at sb. or sth. especially to show that you are not afraid of them or that you are telling the truth.” 短语look… in the eye表示”直面，正视”。
e.g.
If I don’t keep my promise, I won’t be able to look him in the eye.
如果我不遵守诺言，我就不敢正视他。
Language Points
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Article6_popwin_adversity
adversity //: n. unfavorable conditions; trouble
逆境；不幸；厄运
e.g.
A good friend will not desert you in times of adversity.
He didn’t give up in the face of adversity.
好朋友不会在你处于逆境时离你而去。
他面临逆境没有放弃。
Language Points
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Article6_popwin_hardship
hardship //: n. severe suffering or discomfort 艰难；困苦
e.g.
bear hardship without complaint
After her husband died, she went through all kinds of hardships.
economic hardship
任劳任怨
丈夫死后，她备尝艰辛。
经济困难
Language Points
(3)
Article6_popwin_determination
determination //: n. quality of being determined; deciding
决心；决定
e.g.
She returned to school with the determination to finish.
His determination was the main reason for his success.
她带着完成学业的决心回到了学校。
他的决心是他成功的主要原因。
Language Points
(3)
Article6_popwin_suicide
suicide //: n. killing oneself intentionally 自杀
e.g.
More people commit suicide at Christmas than at any other time.
suicide attack
圣诞节期间自杀的人比其他任何时候都多。
自杀性攻击
Language Points
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Article6_popwin_relieve
relieve //: vt. lessen or remove (pain, distress, anxiety, etc.)
减轻，解除（痛苦、悲伤、忧虑等）
e.g.
This pill can relieve headaches.
He smoked frequently to relieve nervous tension.
The teacher relieved them of their fears.
这种药片能缓解头痛。
他一支接一支地抽烟以消除神经紧张。
老师消除了他们的恐惧。
Language Points
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Article6_popwin_burden
burden //: n. heavy load; thing that is unpleasant or difficult to bear
重负；负担
e.g.
He could not carry the burden alone.
I don’t like being a burden on other people.
他一人挑不起这副担子。
我不想成为别人的负担。
Language Points
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Article7_popwin_T
Chinese Version
读到这里，我认识到你的人生价值并不在于你做什么工作，你的银行账户里有多少钱，或你开什么样的汽车。你并不是由你所拥有的东西来确定的。确定你的是你是谁，谁爱你。我对自己的生活感到满意，因为我知道自己找到了一个在我遭遇类似的灾难时肯定会陪伴在我身边的好妻子。
(3)
Article7_popwin_S_… your worth in
… your worth in life isn’t about your job, how much money is in your bank account or the kind of car you drive.
……你的人生价值并不在于你做什么工作，你的银行账户里有多少钱，或你开什么样的汽车。
The subordinating clause “how much money is in your bank account ” is parallel to “your job” and “the kind of car you drive” as the object of the preposition “about.” 从句 how much money is in your bank account 与 your job和 the kind of car you drive 并列，作 about 的宾语。
Language Points
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Article7_popwin_define
define //: vt. show or explain what (sth.) is or means, or what its limits are
给…下定义；解释；界定；确定…的界线
e.g.
When boundaries between countries are not clearly defined, there is usually trouble.
A dictionary defines words.
当国与国之间的国界未明确划定时，通常会有麻烦。
词典解释词义。
Language Points
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Article7_popwin_S_I feel good about …
I feel good about my life knowing that I found a wife who would no doubt be by my side if a similar tragedy were to strike me.
我对自己的生活感到满意，因为我知道自己找到了一个在我遭遇类似的灾难时肯定会陪伴在我身边的好妻子。
In this sentence, the subjunctive mood(虚拟语气) is used in the attributive clause modifying “wife.” The subjunctive mood expressed by “would… were to do” implies that what is talked about here is highly unlikely to happen in the future. 本句中，who would no doubt be by my side if a similar tragedy were to strike me作a wife的定语从句。从句中用虚拟语气would… were to do，表示所说的事件或情况将来不大可能发生。
e.g.
If I were to do that, I would do it in a different way.
要是我来做这件事，我会是另外一种做法。
Language Points
(3)
Article7_popwin_no doubt
no doubt: very probably; almost certainly 无疑地；很可能
e.g.
No doubt these theories are all wrong.
No doubt we’ll win in the end.
毫无疑问，这些理论都是错的。
毫无疑问，我们最后会赢。
Language Points
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Article8-9_popwin_ Q
8) What did Reeve do in the following nine years?
He used his celebrity status to give speeches, awards and to raise awareness of issues important to paraplegics. He also worked to fund research for a cure for paralysis and help support poor people with disabilities.
(3)
Article8-9_popwin_ T
Chinese Version
里夫本可以轻松地呆在家里康复，几乎不用离开舒适方便的家。他有足够的财源可以使他不必为医疗费账单操心。
但是他却没有这么做，而是奋斗了整整9年，花了许多时间利用自己的名人身份，作演讲，颁奖，以及让人们更多地了解对截瘫患者非常重要的一些问
题
快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题
。通过克里斯托弗•里夫瘫痪基金会，他不停地资助或许有一天会拿出一种治愈瘫痪的疗法的科学研究，帮助支持财力可能有限的其他残疾者。
(3)
Article8-9_popwin_S_Reeve could …
Reeve could have easily remained in rehabilitation, seldom leaving the comfort or convenience of home.
里夫本可以轻松地呆在家里康复，几乎不用离开舒适方便的家。
The subjunctive mood in this sentence is expressed by “could have done,” which implies that what one is able to do has not been done. 本句中用了虚拟语气could have done，表示”本可以…”，但事实上并没有这样做。
又如:
I could have done it better if I had been more careful.
我要是细心一点，本来是可以做得更好的。
Language Points
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Article8-9_popwin_rehabilitation
rehabilitation //: n. 康复
e.g.
He worked for a rehabilitation center.
他在康复中心工作。
Language Points
(3)
Article8-9_popwin_convenient 1
convenient //: a. fitting in well with people’s needs or plans;
easy; causing no trouble or difficulty
方便的；省力的；省事的
e.g.
When would it be convenient for you to go?
We must arrange a convenient time and place for the meeting.
你什么时候去方便？
我们必须为会议安排一个方便的时间和地点。
Language Points
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Article8-9_popwin_convenient2
convenience //: n. quality of being convenient; freedom from
trouble or difficulty 方便；省事
e.g.
We bought this house for its convenience.
I will visit you at my convenience.
我们买下这所房子为的是它方便。
我将在方便时拜访你。
Language Points
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Article8-9_popwin_financial
financial //: a. concerning money or finance 财政的；金融的
e.g.
Mr. Daniel is our financial adviser.
That country is undergoing a financial crisis.
丹尼尔先生是我们的财政顾问。
那个国家正在经历金融危机。
Language Points
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Article8-9_popwin_resource
resource //: n. [usu. pl.] supply of raw materials, etc. which brings a
country, person, etc. wealth [常用复数] 资源；财力
e.g.
We must try to preserve the natural resources of our country.
He spent all his resources on educating his children.
我们必须尽力保护我们国家的自然资源。
他把全部财力都花在子女的教育上了。
Language Points
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Article8-9_popwin_bill
bill //: n. written statement of money owed for goods or services supplied
账单
e.g.
The bill this week is too much for the Browns to pay.
How much was the electricity bill?
布朗一家本周的账单数目太大，他们付不起。
电费是多少？
Language Points
(3)
Article8-9_popwin_celebrity
celebrity //: n. famous person 名人
e.g.
social celebrities
a global celebrity
社会名流
全球闻名的人
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Article8-9_popwin_award
award //: n. thing, often a prize, given to a person
奖，奖品，奖金
e.g.
His horse was given the highest award at the show.
他的马在展览会中得到最高奖。
Language Points
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Article8-9_popwin_paraplegic
paraplegic //: n. person suffering from paraplegia
截瘫患者
e.g.
To my surprise, the author of this great book is a paraplegic.
令我惊奇的是这部伟大著作的作者竟是一位截瘫患者。
Language Points
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Article8-9_popwin_paralysis
paralysis //: n. loss of ability or strength to move some or all
parts of the body 瘫痪
e.g.
The snake’s poison causes paralysis.
During the war, the country ran into economic paralysis.
蛇毒导致瘫痪。
战争期间这个国家的经济陷入瘫痪。
Language Points
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Article8-9_popwin_foundation
foundation //: n. (organization set up to provide) sums of money
or research, charity, etc.
(为研究、慈善事业等提供的)基金；基金会
e.g.
He finished his studies with the help of educational foundations.
The Foundation gives money to help artists.
他在教育基金的帮助下完成了学业。
该基金会出钱资助艺术家。
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Article8-9_popwin_research
research: n. careful study or investigation, esp. in order to discover new
facts or information 研究；调查
e.g.
Scientists are doing research on human genes.
Research has shown that women live longer than men.
科学家正在进行人类基因的研究。
研究表明妇女比男子活得长。
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Article8-9_popwin_cure
cure //: 1. vt. make (sb.) healthy again; provide a successful remedy for
(an illness, etc.) 治愈（病人）；治好（疾病等）
e.g.
I hope the doctor can cure the pain in my shoulder.
The doctor cured the sick child.
我希望医生能治好我肩上的疼痛。
医生治愈了那个生病的孩子。
2. n. act of curing or process or being cured; substance or treatment that cures
治愈；痊愈；（有治愈疗效的）药物，疗法
e.g.
Aspirin is a wonderful cure for headaches.
阿司匹林是治头痛的妙药。
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Article8-9_popwin_disability
disability //: n. thing that prevents one from doing sth. well or properly
伤残，残疾
e.g.
He has a disability which prevents him from walking.
他有残疾，不能行走。
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Article10-13_popwin_Q
9) What did the writer begin to appreciate after reading about Reeve’s
experiences?
The writer began to appreciate things people all take for granted, such as the ability to walk, run, feel, use the restroom, even to simply breathe.
10) What lessens did the writer learn from Reeve?
He learned from Reeve lessons about generosity, selflessness, confidence and strength.
(3)
Article10-13_popwin_T
Chinese Version
读过他在遭遇事故后的种种经历，我为自己还能够走路、奔跑、感觉、上厕所，甚至仅仅为了还能够呼吸，而心存感激——这些都是我们认为理所当然的事。但它还促使我认识到，在这个充满着愤世嫉俗者、腐败和邪恶的世界上，仍然有像
希望之灯塔一样矗立的人，要是没有他们，这个世界就太沉闷了。
英雄们是真实的，而克里斯托弗•里夫就是他们中的一个。《超人》使他成为一个明星，但是他帮助那些残疾者所做的工作将使他成为一笔世代相传的遗产。
再见吧，朋友。我会想念你的，我也为我们最终没能看到你重新站起来行走而感到遗憾。我一直相信你会的；但不管怎样，我永远不会忘记你所给我的关于慷慨、无私、信心和力量的教诲。这些正是陪伴着我长大而且我仍然相信的价值观念。
是的，即使我已长大成人，我仍然信仰我的英雄。
(3)
Article10-13_popwin_evil
evil //: 1. a. morally bad; wicked 道德败坏的；邪恶的
e.g.
evil deeds
a man of evil reputation
There isn’t an evil bone in her body.
恶行
名声坏的人
2. n. wrongdoing or wickedness 罪恶；邪恶
e.g.
The love of money is the root of all evils
爱金钱是万恶之源。
她身上无一根邪骨(指品性端正无瑕)。
Language Points
(3)
Article610-13_popwin_S_Reading about his experiences …
Reading about his experiences after his accident made me appreciate my ability to walk, run, feel, use the restroom, even to simply breathe — things we all take for granted.
读过他在遭遇事故后的种种经历，我为自己还能够走路、奔跑、感觉、上厕所，甚至仅仅为了还能够呼吸，而心存感激 — 这些都是我们认为理所当然的事。
The gerundial phrase “Reading about his experiences after his accident” serves as the subject of the sentence. 动名词短语Reading about his experiences after his accident作句子的主语。
Language Points
(3)
Article10-13_popwin_take for granted
take for granted: assume (sth.) to be true or accept it as normal without
thinking about it 认为(某事)属实；认为(某事)是理所当然的
e.g.
I take it for granted that we should build new roads.
Don’t take his help for granted.
我们应该修建新的公路，我认为这是理所当然的。
不要认为他的帮助是理所当然的。
Language Points
(3)
Article10-13_popwin_cynic
cynic //: n. person who believes that people do not do things for good,
sincere or noble reasons, but only for their own advantage
愤世嫉俗者；怀疑人之真诚（或善意）者；认为人的动机皆自私者
e.g.
It is so strange that some talented people are cynics.
很奇怪有些天才是愤世嫉俗者。
Language Points
(3)
Article10-13_popwin_corruption
corruption //: n. act or process of making sb. dishonest or immoral;
dishonest or immoral behavior
堕落；腐化；腐败；贿赂
e.g.
The government should take strict measures against all forms of corruption.
The story tells about the corruption of a young girl.
This official is above corruption.
政府应该采取严厉措施反对一切形式的腐败。
这个故事讲述了一个年轻姑娘的堕落。
这位官员不受贿赂。
Language Points
(3)
Article10-13_popwin_beacon
beacon //:n. any light for warning or guiding; person or thing that
warns, offers encouragement or guidance, etc.
灯塔；灯标；指路明灯；指路人
e.g.
The new education program offers a beacon of hope to these children.
这一新的教育
计划
项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载
为这些孩子们提供了一座希望的灯塔。
Language Points
(3)
Article10-13_popwin_dreary
dreary //:a. that makes one sad or depressed; dismal; gloomy
令人沮丧的；阴沉的；阴郁的
e.g.
Music cheers a dreary mind.
This is a dreary day.
音乐能使忧郁的心振作起来。
今天天气很阴沉。
Language Points
(3)
TextA exercise_main
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
Cloze
(3)
TextA_E_1
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by heart.
Instead he fought for nine years, spending much of that time using his celebrity status to give speeches, awards and to raise awareness of issues important to paraplegics. Through the Christopher Reeve Paralysis Foundation, he worked non-stop to fund research that might someday yield a cure for paralysis and to help support others with disabilities who may have limited resources.
Reading about his experiences after his accident made me appreciate my ability to walk, run, feel, use the restroom, even to simply breathe — things we all take for granted. But it has also made me realize that in this world of cynics, corruption and evil, there are still people out there who are beacons of hope in an otherwise dreary world.
Reading Aloud
(3)
Text A Underdtanding-main
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions.
Topics for Discussion.
(3)
TextA_E_2
Answer the following questions.
Who is Christopher Reeve and what happened to him on October 10, 2004?
What did the writer feel about his death? Why?
What did the writer often do in his childhood?
When did the writer realize what made Reeve’s Superman the greatest hero of all?
What did the writer think of the Superman Reeve played?
How did Reeve face adversity and hardship in real life?
What did Reeve consider after his riding accident? Why?
What did Reeve do in the following nine years?
What did the writer begin to appreciate after reading about Reeve’s experiences?
What lessons did the writer learn from Reeve?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Understanding the Text
(3)
TextA_E_3
Topics for Discussion.
1. Have you ever seen the Superman movies? If not, collect some
information about them, and tell stories about Superman to each other.
2. Who is your favorite movie character? Why?
(3)
TextA_E_4_1
The death
of Christopher
Reeve
Part Topic Paragraph(s) Main Idea
Ⅰ
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
1-3
4-5
I felt very sad about the death of my childhood , Christopher Reeve, who played the role of .
As a child, I enjoyed
, wearing my Superman cape, reading from Superman
Reading Analysis
hero
____
Superman
_________
comics
______
and
.
(3)
TextA_E_4_2
What makes Christopher Reeve a real hero
Ⅱ
6-7
Christopher Reeve added
to the
character of Superman and as a
man faced adversity and hardship with .
8-9
Christopher Reeve used his
to raise for paraplegics, to fund research for and to help support poor people
Part Topic Paragraph(s) Main Idea
depth and dimension
_________________
firm determination
_______________
celebrity status
_____________
awareness
_________
a cure for paralysis
________________
with disabilities
____________
.
(3)
TextA_E_4_3
What I
learned from Christopher Reeve
Ⅲ
10-13
I began to appreciate things we all
and learned lessons about ,
Part Topic Paragraph(s) Main Idea
take for granted
_____________
generosity
_________
selflessness, confidence and
strength
________________________
_______
.
Now retell the main idea of the passage by using the information in the table you have completed.
(3)
Text A Vocabulary-main
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.
(3)
TextA_E-5_1
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.
If the earth’s temperature rises, it will be a disaster for all .
After the accident, Bill learned to walk again through hard work and
.
I have bought myself insurance for I don’t want to be a(n) to my
children when I’m old.
The job involves a lot of writing, typing, and even traveling so its duties
are difficult to .
The amount of aid offered has influenced students decisions
about which school to attend.
We need to devote more time and to this important project.
Vocabulary
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
mankind
_______
determination
___________
burden
______
define
______
financial
________
resources
_________
(3)
TextA_E_5-2
She’s doing into the connection between crime and poverty.
Scientists have agreed on the cause of the disease but still haven’t found a
for it.
Life can be seen as an endless struggle between good and .
Rising food prices caused great for most of the population.
The police denied any responsibility and suggested that many of those who died had committed .
An examination revealed that the driver had a heart attack at the time of the accident.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
research
________
cure
____
evil
____
hardship
________
suicide
______
suffered
_______
(3)
TextA_E_6-1
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.
All the worry and anxiety had been too much for her, so she suddenly
in tears.
He all he had , and never realized how lucky he was.
He was afraid to me because he was not telling the truth.
When I saw that man of strong principle and sense of justice, I
.
1.
2.
3.
4.
broke down
__________
(3)
TextA_E_6-2
The loss of opportunity was a heavy blow to him, but it was no use
it.
The girl is so interested in the physical world that she will be a great scientist.
The boy got amused at the idea of as a girl to attend the party.
Three days after the heart attack, the patient a coma and died the next day.
5.
6.
7.
8.
crying over
_________
no doubt
________
dressing up
__________
slipped into
__________
(3)
TextA_E_7-1
Rewrite the following sentences according to the model given below.
Model:
I didn’t realize what made Reeve’s Superman the greatest hero of all until I
matured.
→It wasn’t until I matured that I realized what made Reeve’s Superman the
greatest hero of all.
1. It didn’t stop raining until midnight.
it wan’t until midnight that it stopped raining.
I didn’t notice anything wrong with the machine until yesterday.
2.
It wasn’t until yesterday that I noticed something wrong with the machine.
____________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Structure
3. Jane didn’t discover she had lost her watch until they left the church.
It wasn’t until they left the church that Jane discovered she had lost her watch.
_______________________________________________________________
(3)
TextA_E_7-2
The United States didn’t enter the war until April 16, 1917.
4.
The cure for the disease was not developed until recently.
5.
6.
They didn’t begin to deal with the problem until the harm was already done.
It wasn’t until April 16,1917 that the United States entered the war.
______________________________________________________
It wasn’t until recently that the cure for the disease was developed.
______________________________________________________
It wasn’t until the harm was already done that they began to deal with the problem.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(3)
TextA_E_8-1
Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word.
Cloze
Christopher Reeve, the actor who entertained us all these years on the screen as Superman, has now become a super teacher to all of us in (1)
life. He fell off a horse and was paralyzed(瘫痪) from the neck down. He couldn’t even breathe on his (2) . A machine had to breathe for him.
In an interview with a TV reporter, Reeve said, “Let’s look at the two (3)
I have. One is to vegetate(像植物一样过单调的生活) and look out of my window. The (4) is to move forward. The second choice seems to be a whole lot (5) attractive.”
real
___
own
____
choices
______
other
_____
more
_____
(3)
TextA_E_8-2
In another interview, Reeve stated his (6) that one day he would walk. Reeve’s belief in himself was (7) strong that many people began to (8)
that one day Reeve would eventually walk. (9) he was finally able to walk or not is beside the point(无关紧要). The point is that he (10) a goal for himself that made his life immensely worthwhile to both him and us.
belief
_____
so
__
believe
______
Whether
_______
set
___
(3)
TextA_E_9-1
Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 他毫无疑问是个伟大的英雄，所以人们才为他的去世禁不住地感到悲伤。
那位演员利用自己的名人地位资助或许有一天会拿出一种治愈艾滋病的疗法的研究。
2.
3. 那个残疾人曾一度考虑自杀以使家人卸下沉重的负担。
Translation
He was no doubt a great hero so people couldn’t help but cry over his death.
______________________________________________________________
The actor used his celebrity status to fund research that might someday yield a cure for AIDS.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The disabled man once considered suicide to relieve his family of the heavy burden.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(3)
TextA_W_9-2
孩子们把自己装扮成超人，以吸引大人的注意力。
直到长大成人后我才认识到我不应该害怕正视厄运和磨难。
5.
6. 他本可以轻松地呆在家里，因为他有足够的财源可以使他不必为医疗费账单操心。
4.
Children dress up as Superman to capture adults attention.
_________________________________________________________
It wasn’t until I matured that I realized I shouldn’t be afraid to look adversity and hardship in the eye.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He could have easily stayed at home, for he had plenty of financial resources to keep him from worrying about medical bills.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(3)
GR_main
Grammar Review
情态动词 (Model Verbs)
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
(3)
GR1
Grammar Review
情态动词 (Model Verbs)
用法 例 句
can, could表示能力或客观的可能性；用在疑问句中表示请求；用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中表示怀疑、猜测或惊奇。
You can swim, can’t you? 你会游泳，是吗？
By the time she was eight, she could read Greek and Latin.
她8岁就能读希腊文和拉丁文了。
I am confident that a solution can be found. 我坚信能找到解决的办法。
Most accidents in the home could be prevented.
家里发生的事故大部分是可以避免的。
Can you help me lift this box? 你能帮我提一下这只箱子吗？
Could you help me with these boxes? 你能帮我提一下这些箱子吗？
You can’t be serious! 你不会是当真的！
This can’t be the right road. 这条路不可能是对的！
英语情态动词表示可能、怀疑、必要、允诺、愿望、义务、猜测等。情态动词本身不能单独用作谓语动词，只能和不带to的动词不定式（ought等除外）一起构成谓语动词。英语的情态动词有can, could, may, might, must, ought (to), shall, should, will, would, need, dare等。这里复习情态动词的一些主要用法。
1.
(3)
GR2
用 法 例 句
may, might表示可能；表示“被允许” 意义 时，用
“Might I…?”比“May I…?”较客气些。
I may be late, so don’t wait for me.
我可能迟到，所以不要等我。
Well, I may have been wrong.
嗯，我也许错了。
May I come in and wait?
我能进来等吗？
Might I ask how old you are?
我能问一下您的年龄吗？
2.
(3)
GR3
用 法 例 句
must表示必要、猜测；must not表示“禁止、不该”；表示 “不必要”时，用“need not”,表示 “不可能”时用can’t。
All passengers must wear seat belts. 所有的乘客必须系上安全带。
It’s getting late. I really must go. 天不早了，我真的该走了。
You mustn’t talk to your mother like that. 你不该对你母亲那样讲话。
Sam must be 90 years old now. 萨姆现在肯定有90岁了。
His new car must have cost around ￡20,000.
他的新车肯定得花费2万英镑左右。
You needn’t finish that work today. 你不必今天完成那项工作。
You needn’t have spent all that money.
你实际上不必把那些钱都花完的。
That can’t be Mary — she’s in New York. 那不可能是玛丽，她在纽约。
He can’t have slept through all that noise.
噪音那么大，他不可能睡着的。
3.
(3)
GR4
用 法 例 句
should表示
“应该、推测、可能”，或表示说话人的惊奇、失望、愤怒等感情；should后接动词的完成式指过去的事情，肯定句表示某事应完成而事实上没有完成，否定句表示发生了不应发生的事。
Children shouldn’t be allowed to play in the street.
不应该让孩子们在街上玩。
It should be a nice day tomorrow.
明天该是个好天。
Don’t ask me. How should I know?
不要问我。我怎么会知道？
I am sorry that she should be so careless.
她竟会这么粗心，真令我感到遗憾。
They should have called the police.
他们本应给警察打电话的。
It was an easy test and he should have passed, but he didn’t.
这测试很容易，他本应通过的，可他却没有。
4.
(3)
GR5
用 法 例 句
shall用于第一人称肯定句中表示决心、命令、允诺或将做什么；用在第一人称疑问句中表示建议或征求意见。
I’ve never liked her and I never shall.
我从来不喜欢她，永远也不会喜欢她。
We shall be away next week.
下星期我们就要离开了。
We shall have finished it by Friday.
我们星期五就会完成了。
Shall I send you the book?
我要把书寄给你吗？
What shall we do this weekend?
这个周末我们干什么？
5.
(3)
GR6
用 法 例 句
will可用来表示意愿、决心、请求，表示习惯的行为或状况,或用来表示说话人的推测。would也可用来表示意愿、决心、请求，或表示过去的习惯的行为。
I’ll check this letter for you, if you want.
如果你需要的话,我愿为你核查这封信。
Dr. Weir will see you now. 韦尔博士现在要见你。
Will you send this letter for me?
你替我寄一下这封信好吗？
She’ll listen to music, alone in her room, for hours.
她总是一个人在自己的房间里听上几个小时的音乐。
You’ll have had dinner ready by five, I suppose.
我想到5点你该把饭准备好了吧。
When we worked in the same office, we would often have coffee together. 我们在同一个办公室工作时，常在一起喝咖啡。
Would you shut the window, please? 请你关上窗好吗？
6.
(3)
GR7-8
用 法 例 句
need表示“需要”；后接动词的完成形式表示本来不必做但实际上已经做的行为。
If she wants anything, she need only ask.
如果她需要什么，她只要说一声就可以了。
You needn’t stay long.
你不必呆很久的。
You needn’t have hurried.
你本不必那么匆忙的。
7.
8.
dare表示“敢”的意思。一般用于否定句、疑问句。
I daren’t tell her the truth.
我不敢告诉她真相。
Dare we admit this?
我们敢承认这一点吗？
(3)
GR_E_10-1
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
As it happened, I __________ because my friends were there to support me.
A) won’t worry
B) mustn’t have worried
C) needn’t have worried
D) can not worry
1.
(3)
GR_E_10-2
She was deeply troubled and you ___________ her about it.
A) shouldn’t have told
B) dare not tell
C) can’t have told
D) wouldn’t have told
2.
(3)
GR_E_10-3
We’ve got plenty of time. We _____________ hurry.
A) can’t
B) couldn’t
C) wouldn’t
D) needn’t
3.
(3)
GR_E_10-4
He didn’t answer when I called — he __________ to bed.
A) would have gone
B) must have gone
C) will have gone
D) shall have gone
4.
(3)
GR_E_10-5
If you failed that exam you __________ very hard.
A) can’t have worked
B) shouldn’t have worked
C) needn’t have worked
D) wouldn’t have worked
5.
(3)
GR_E_10-6
You look very well. You ___________ your holiday.
A) must have enjoyed
B) could enjoy
C) would enjoy
D) will have enjoyed
6.
(3)
GR_E_10-7
You ____________ alcohol when you drive.
A) needn’t drink
B) mustn’t drink
C) shouldn’t have drunk
D) won’t have drunk
7.
(3)
GR_E_10-8
I’m feeling sick. I ____________ so much chocolate.
A) can’t have eaten
B) needn’t have eaten
C) shouldn’t have eaten
D) won’t have eaten
8.
(3)
GR_E_10-9
The price on this packet is wrong. It says $65 but it ___________ $50.
A) can be
B) will be
C) shall be
D) should be
9.
(3)
GR_E_10-10
He says he’s 21 but he __________ older than 18.
A) need not be
B) shall not be
C) dare not be
D) can’t be
10.
(3)
PW_main
Practical Writing
Inquiry Letters
Read the following inquiry letters and answer the questions that follow.
Assume you are interested in the tour advertised below. Write an inquiry letter to ask for more information about it.
(3)
PW1
Practical Writing
This unit focuses on the inquiry letter. The inquiry letter is useful when you need information, advice, names, or directions. Be careful, however, not to ask for too much information or for information that you could easily obtain in some other way, for example, by a quick trip to the library.
Types and Contexts
There are two types of inquiry letters: solicited and unsolicited.
You write a solicited letter of inquiry when a business or agency advertises its products or services. For example, if a software manufacturer advertises some new package it has developed and you can’t inspect it locally, write a solicited letter to that manufacturer asking specific questions. If you cannot find any information on a technical subject, an inquiry letter to a company involved in that subject may put you on the right track. In fact, that company may supply much more help than you had expected (provided of course that you write a good inquiry letter).
Inquiry Letters
(3)
PW2
Your letter of inquiry is unsolicited if the recipient has done nothing to prompt your inquiry. For example, if you read an article by an expert, you may have further questions or want more information. You seek help from these people in a slightly different form of inquiry letter. As the steps and guidelines for both types of inquiry letters show, you must construct the unsolicited type more carefully, because recipients of unsolicited letters of inquiry are not ordinarily prepared to handle such inquiries.
Contents and Organization
1. Early in the letter, identify the purpose to obtain help or information (if it’s a solicited letter, information about an advertised product, service, or program).
2. In an unsolicited letter, identify who you are, what you are working on, and why you need the requested information, and how you found out about the individual. In an unsolicited letter, also identify the source that prompted your inquiry, for example, a magazine advertisement.
(3)
PW3
3. In the letter, list questions or information needed in a clear, specific, and easy-to-read format. If you have quite a number of questions, consider making a questionnaire and including a stamped, self-addressed envelope.
4. In an unsolicited letter, try to find some way to compensate the recipient for the trouble, for example, by offering to pay copying and mailing costs, to accept a collect call, to acknowledge the recipient in your report, or to send him or her a copy of your report. In a solicited letter, suggest that the recipient send brochures or catalogues.
5. In closing an unsolicited letter, express gratitude for any help that the recipient can provide you, acknowledge the inconvenience of your request, but do not thank the recipient “in advance.” In an unsolicited letter, tactfully suggest the recipient would benefit by helping you (for example, through future purchases from the recipient’s company).
(3)
PW_11_1
Dear Sir,
I have seen your advertisement in this week’s Travel Magazine, and I am interested in your Historic China tours.
Please send me your illustrated brochure and full details of prices.
Yours faithfully,
Michael Wang
Michael Wang
Read the following inquiry letters and answer the questions that follow.
(3)
PW_11_2
Dear Sir,
We understand from the British Embassy here that you are a leading manufacturer of plastic travel goods. We are interested in purchasing a quantity of overnight bags and travel document wallets.
Will you please send us your catalogue, with full details of your export prices. We would appreciate any samples that you can let us have.
We look forward to having your early reply.
Yours faithfully,
Kathryn J. Parsons
Kathryn J. Parsons
Manager
(3)
PW_11_3
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is Mr. Wang interested in?
What does he want to receive?
What is Kathryn interested in?
What does she want to receive?
The Historic China tours.
____________________
The illustrated brochure and full details of prices.
________________________________________
Purchasing a quantity of overnight bags and travel document wallets.
_______________________________________________________
The catalogue with full details of the export prices and, if possible, some samples.
_________________________________________________________________
(3)
PW_12_1
Assume you are interested in the tour advertised below. Write an inquiry letter to ask for more information about it.
DISCOVER SOUTH AFRICA
DISCOVER YOURSELF
It’s hard to put a value on scenery like this.
But we think ￡499 should just about cover it.
In south Africa, it’s not just the stunning natural beauty that takes your breath away. A range of adventure sports from bungee jumping to paragliding will also leave you gasping. Offer includes return airfares, 6 nights accommodation, 7 days car hire.
To find out more call 0870-155-0044 or write to southafrica@yahoo.com.
From ￡499 South Africa 7 Days · 6 Nights
Suggested Answer:
(3)
PW1_12_2
Suggested Answer:
Dear Sir,
I have seen your advertisement in today’s The Independent, and am interested in your 7-day tour to South Africa. I would like to receive full details of these tours at your earliest convenience.
Yours faithfully,
Wu Jiang
Wu Jiang
(3)
TextB_P1
Text B
High Five!
Author Unknown
1 Unlike Superman, Lance Armstrong can’t leap tall buildings or outrun a locomotive. He’s no Spider-Man either: he can’t swing upside down and catch crooks in a web. Still, Armstrong has shown an almost superhuman ability to overcome obstacles and perform amazing feats.
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(3)
TextB_P2-4
2 In July 2003, the talented Texan won the world’s toughest cycling race, the Tour de France, for the fifth year in a row. The 20stage event covered 2,125 miles — about the distance from Chicago to San Francisco — and included dangerous mountain climbs into the Alps and the Pyrenees.
3 Only four other cyclists in the race’s 100year history have won five Tours. Spain’s Miguel Indurain was the only other rider to win five in a row, from 1991 to 1995.
4 Armstrong stands alone, however, as the only cyclist to win the race five times after overcoming a life-and-death battle with cancer.
?
Text B
(3)
TextB_P5-6
5 Armstrong, a three-time Olympian, was already a world-class cyclist in 1996 when he found out he had cancer. The disease spread quickly to his lungs and to his brain.
6 Doctors gave Armstrong less than a 40 percent chance of survival. His friends feared the worst. Even Armstrong said the cancer felt “like being run off the road by a truck.”
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Text B
N
N
N
(3)
TextB_P7-9
?
7 Rather than accept defeat, Armstrong began a fight for survival few humans could endure. Like many cancer patients, he went through several weeks of intense chemotherapy, or chemical treatment, to kill the cancer. Doctors also performed brain surgery on Armstrong, leaving two deep half-moon scars on his scalp.
8 The painful experience left Armstrong pale and weak. He lost weight and all his hair. But, he remained optimistic.
9 “If that’s the worst that can happen, then fine,” Armstrong said at the time. “As long as I’m alive, that’s what matters.”
Text B
N
N
N
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TextB_P10-13
10 Although his body suffered, Armstrong’s mind remained strong. He used the Tour de France as motivation to get back on a bike. To be a champion was the farthest thing from his mind.
11 Armstrong started riding his bike an hour a day at first. He also played basketball and golf to regain his strength.
12 By the spring of 1998, Armstrong had resumed training. He pedaled across the flat Texas terrain for up to eight hours a day. Before long, he was riding more miles in a week than many people pedal in a lifetime.
13 In 1999, Armstrong not only returned to the Tour de France, he won the race. No one even came close.
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Text B
N
(3)
TextB_P14-18
14 Armstrong’s fifth Tour de France victory was perhaps his most difficult — and satisfying. Early in the race, he overcame a loss of body fluids and a stomach ache. He crashed twice, including one tumble in which the handle-bars of his bicycle snagged a spectator’s bag.
15 When Armstrong finally arrived near the finish line in Paris, a huge crowd lined the streets to cheer him to victory. Many waved American flags.
16 “It’s incredible to win again,” he told the crowd.
17 Armstrong pedaled an average of 25.4 miles per hour and won the almost 84-hour race by just 61 seconds. As a show of appreciation, he gave his $460,000 top prize to his U.S. Postal Service teammates.
18 “This Tour took a lot out of me, and the stress level was much higher than it has been in the past,” Armstrong said.
?
Text B
(543 words)
(3)
TextB_P1_Questions
What makes Lance Armstrong different from ordinary people?
He has shown an almost superhuman ability to overcome obstacles and perform amazing feats.
(3)
TextB_P1_Chinese
Chinese Version
兰斯•阿姆斯特朗和超人不同，他不会飞越高楼，也跑不过火车头。他也不是蜘蛛侠，不会身体倒挂着荡来荡去，也不会用蜘蛛网来捕捉坏人。然而，阿姆斯特朗却显示出一种近乎超人的能力，克服重重困难，成就了惊人的业绩。
向你致意！
佚名
(3)
TextB_P1_title
Title of Text B
Chinese Version
向你致意！(佚名)
(3)
TextB_P1_ unlike
Language Points
unlike //: prep. different from, not like 不同于，不像
e.g.
She’s unlike the rest of her family.
Unlike his brother, he has a strong sense of justice.
她不同于她家里的其他成员。
与他的兄弟不同，他有很强的正义感。
(3)
TextB_P1_ crook
Language Points
crook //: n. rogue, cheat or thief 坏蛋；骗子；窃贼
(3)
TextB_P1_ Lance Armstrong
Language Points
Lance Armstrong / /: 兰斯• 阿姆斯特朗
(3)
TextB_P1_ Spider-Man
Language Points
Spider-Man //: 蜘蛛侠（美国同名电影中的主人公）
spider //: n. small creature with eight legs which makes threads into
nets for catching insects 蜘蛛
e.g.
a spider’s web
蜘蛛网
(3)
TextB_P1_ outrun
Language Points
outrun //: (outran / -/, outrun) vt. run faster than 比…跑得快
e.g.
The young man outran everyone else.
His spending far outran his income.
这个年轻人比任何人都跑得快。
他的支出大大超过了收入。
(3)
TextB_P1_ locomotive
Language Points
locomotive //: n. a railway engine 火车头；机车
e.g.
The U.S. could no longer serve as the locomotive for the world economy.
美国再也无力承担世界经济推动力的重任了。
(3)
TextB_P1_ upside down
Language Points
upside down: with the upper part underneath instead of on top
上下颠倒地；倒着
e.g.
They were hanging upside down.
They found the lifeboat floating upside down.
他们身体倒挂着。
他们发现那救生艇底朝上漂浮在水面上。
(3)
TextB_P1_ web
Language Points
web //: n. network of fine threads spun by a spider or some other
spinning creature (蜘蛛等动物结的)网
e.g.
He was caught in a web of lies.
a web of telephone wires
a web of railroads
他陷入谎言的罗网。
电话线网络
铁路网
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TextB_P1_ superhuman
Language Points
superhuman //: a. exceeding normal human power, size,
knowledge, etc. 超人的
e.g.
It will require a superhuman effort to get the job done on time.
需要做出超人的努力才能按时完成工作。
(3)
TextB_P1_ feat
Language Points
feat //: n. difficult or great act (of bravery, skill, strength, etc.)
功绩；伟业；英勇事迹
e.g.
I have heard about his feats of bravery.
The new bridge is a feat of engineering.
我听说过他的英勇事迹。
这座新桥是建筑工程的壮举。
(3)
TextB_P2-4_Q
2) What achievement did Armstrong make in July 2003?
He won the world’s toughest cycling race, the Tour de France, for the fifth year in a row.
3) Why does the writer say Armstrong stands alone as a cyclist?
Because he is the only cyclist to win the race five times in a row after overcoming a life-and-death battle with cancer.
(3)
TextB_P2-4_T
Chinese Version
2003年7月，这位来自得克萨斯州的天才运动员连续第五次赢得了世界上最艰苦的自行车比赛——环法自行车赛——的冠军。这项有20个赛段的比赛总长2125英里，相当于从芝加哥到旧金山的距离，途中还有穿越阿尔卑斯山和比利牛斯山区危险的上坡路段。
在环法自行车赛的百年历史中，在此之前只有四位选手获得过五次冠军。西班牙的米盖尔·因杜伦是阿姆斯特朗之外唯一一位连续五次（1991—1995）获得冠军的选手。
然而，阿姆斯特朗仍是独一无二的。他是唯一一位在与癌症进行了一场生死较量之后连续五次问鼎冠军的自行车选手。
(3)
TextB_P2-4_ talent
Language Points
talent //: n. special or very great ability 才能，天资
e.g.
My sister has a talent for music.
He’s looking for a way to use his talents.
我妹妹有音乐才能。
他在寻找一种方式施展自己的才能。
talented //: a. having talent; gifted 有才能的；天才的
e.g.
She is a talented musician.
She is talented with her hands.
她是一个天才音乐家。
她手很巧。
(3)
TextB_P2-4_ Tour de France
Language Points
Tour de France //: 环法自行车赛（每年一度，有时也穿越临近国家，
全程约4000公里）
(3)
TextB_P2-4_ San Francisco
Language Points
San Francisco //: 旧金山（美国加利福尼亚州西部港市）
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TextB_P2-4_ Alps
Language Points
Alps //: 阿尔卑斯山脉（位于欧洲中南部，西起法国南部的尼斯，经瑞士南
部、意大利北部，东到奥地利的维也纳）
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TextB_P2-4_ Pyrenees
Language Points
Pyrenees //: 比利牛斯山脉（欧洲西南部，西班牙与法国的天然国界）
(3)
TextB_P2-4_ Miguel Indurain
Language Points
Miguel Indurain / /: 米盖尔·因杜伦
(3)
TextB_P2-4_ cycle
Language Points
cycle //: 1. n. [infml] bicycle, motorcycle [口]自行车；摩托车
2. (cycled, cycling) v. ride a bicycle 骑自行车
e.g.
He cycles to school every day.
他每天骑车上学。
(3)
TextB_P2-4_ tour
Language Points
tour //: n. journey for pleasure 旅行，游历
e.g.
We went on a tour of the city.
They have gone on a tour.
The students talked among themselves about the coming tour to the nearby mountain village.
我们游览了一下这座城市。
他们去旅行了。
学生们在一起谈论他们即将到附近山村观光的事情。
(3)
TextB_P2-4_ row
Language Points
row //: n. number of people or things arranged in a line; line of seats
across a theatre, etc.一行，一排，一列；(戏院等中的)一排座位
e.g.
A line of children is standing in front of a row of chairs.
one’s upper row of teeth
The children sit in a row.
一排孩子站在一排椅子前。
上排牙齿
孩子们坐成一排。
(3)
TextB_P2-4_ in a row
Language Points
in a row: one after another; in unbroken sequence 接连地；连续地
e.g.
He won the title for three years in a row.
She lost two babies in a row.
他连续三年获此称号。
她接连失去了两个孩子。
(3)
TextB_P2-4_ stand alone
Language Points
stand alone: be unique or matchless 独一无二；无与伦比
e.g.
She stands alone among her classmates.
He stands alone as a musician.
她在班上同学中出类拔萃。
作为音乐家，他是无与伦比的。
(3)
TextB_P5-6_Q
4) What happened to him in 1996?
He found out he had cancer and then the disease spread quickly to his lungs and to his brain.
(3)
TextB_P5-6_T
Chinese Version
早在1996年，参加过三届奥运会的阿姆斯特朗就已经是一名世界级的自行车选手了。然而，就在这一年，他发现自己患了癌症，癌细胞迅速扩散到他的肺部和脑部。
医生认为阿姆斯特朗的存活机率不到40%，他的朋友们则担心情况会更糟。就连阿姆斯特朗本人也说，癌症使他感到“就像被一辆大卡车撞出了马路一样”。
(3)
TextB_P5-6_ find out
Language Points
find out: learn or discover了解；发现
e.g.
The boy found out his father’s secret.
Tom found out that his parents had never been married.
男孩发现了父亲的秘密。
汤姆发现他的父母根本就没结婚。
(3)
TextB_P5-6_ Olympian
Language Points
Olympian //: n. competitor in the Olympic Games
奥(林匹克)运(动会)选手
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TextB_P5-6_ lung
Language Points
lung //: n. either of the two breathing organs in the chest of man and other
animals 肺
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TextB_P5-6_ percent
Language Points
percent //: a. in or for every hundred 百分之…的
e.g.
I am 100 percent in agreement.
“Sixty percent of the pupils are boys” means that of every hundred pupils, sixty are boys.
我百分之百同意。
“60%的学生是男孩”是指每100个学生中，有60个是男孩。
(3)
TextB_P5-6_ survival
Language Points
survival //: n. state of continuing to live or exist; surviving
继续生存；幸存，存活
e.g.
The man’s survival was surprising, for the doctors thought he would die.
We need food and water for survival.
the survival of the fittest
这个人能活下来真是出人意外，因为医生们认为他必死无疑。
我们为了生存需要食物和水。
适者生存
(3)
TextB_P5-6_ S_Even Armstrong …
Language Points
Armstrong, a three-time Olympian, was already a world-class cyclist in 1996 when he found out he had cancer.
早在1996年，参加过三届奥运会的阿姆斯特朗就已经是一名世界级的自行车选手了。然而，就在这一年，他发现自己患了癌症。
In the sentence, “ when” serves as a relative adverb (关系副词) introducing an attributive clause that modifies “1996.” 本句中，when作关系副词，引导的是定语从句，修饰1996。
(3)
TextB_P5-6_ S_Even Armstrong …
Language Points
Even Armstrong said the cancer felt “like being run off the road by a truck.”
就连阿姆斯特朗本人也说，癌症使他感到”就像被一辆大卡车撞出了马路一样”。
In the sentence, “ feel” serves as a link verb. 本句中，动词feel表示“(客体)给人某种感觉”。
例如:
How does it feel to be alone all day.
It feels like many years.
It feels like rain.
整天独自一人感觉如何？
感觉中好像已有好多年。
好像要下雨。
(3)
TextB_P7-9_Q
5) What did Armstrong do when he discovered he had cancer?
He began a fight for survival few humans could endure.
6) What was his attitude toward life after the attack of the disease?
He remained optimistic in spite of all that he was suffering.
(3)
TextB_P7-9_T
Chinese Version
然而他并没有接受失败的命运，而是开始了一场常人难以忍受的生存斗争。像许多癌症患者一样，为了杀死癌细胞，阿姆斯特朗经受了持续几周的强度化疗。医生还为他做了脑外科手术，在他的头皮上留下了两个半月形的疤。
这番痛苦的经历使阿姆斯特朗变得苍白而虚弱，体重减轻，头发脱光。即便如此，他仍然保持着乐观的心态。
阿姆斯特朗当时说，”如果这就是可能发生的最糟糕的情况，那就好。只要我活着，那才是最重要的。”
(3)
TextB_P7-9_S_Rather than accept …1
Language Points
Rather than accept defeat, Armstrong began a fight for survival few humans could endure.
然而他并没有接受失败的命运，而是开始了一场常人难以忍受的生存斗争。
The phrase “rather than” is normally used in “parallel” structures: for example with two adjectives, adverbials, nouns, infinitives or ing forms. rather than 这一词组通常用于“平行”结构，后跟两个形容词、状语、名词、不定式或ing形式。
e.g.
The color seems green rather than blue.
I’d prefer to go in August rather than in July.
Why don’t you wear the black shoes rather than the brown ones?
I’ll help you rather than sit and watch you struggle.
He always prefers starting early rather than leaving everything to the last minute.
颜色似乎是绿的而不是蓝的。
我宁愿8月份去而不是7月份去。
你为什么不穿那双黑色的鞋而穿那双棕色的鞋？
我会帮你的，我不会坐视你挣扎而不顾的。
他一向喜欢早点开始而不喜欢把事情留到最后一分钟。
(3)
TextB_P7-9_S_rather2
Language Points
When the main clause has a to-infinitive, rather than is usually followed by an infinitive without to. An -ing form is also possible, especially at the beginning of a sentence. 当主句中有一带to的不定式时，rather than通常后跟一个不带to的不定式，也可以跟-ing形式，尤其是在句首时。
e.g.
I’d like to stay at home this evening rather than go/going out.
Rather than using the last of his cash, Tom decided to write a check.
今晚我想待在家里，不想出去。
汤姆不想用掉最后一点现金，于是决定开一张支票。
(3)
TextB_P7-9_chemotherapy
Language Points
chemotherapy //: n. treatment of disease by drugs and other
chemical substances 化学疗法
(3)
TextB_P7-9_scalp
Language Points
scalp //: n. skin of the head excluding the face 头皮
(3)
TextB_P7-9_defeat
Language Points
defeat //: 1. vt. win a victory over; overcome 战胜，击败
e.g.
They were defeated in the football match.
We defeated the enemy in one battle.
他们在足球比赛中输了。
我们在一次战斗中击败了敌人。
2. n. defeating or being defeated 击败；失败
e.g.
The football team suffered a defeat.
He refused to admit defeat.
该足球队被击败了。
他拒绝认输。
(3)
TextB_P7-9_endure
Language Points
endure //: vt. suffer of undergo (sth. painful or uncomfortable) patiently
忍受；忍耐
e.g.
endure pain/suffering/hardship
endure cold/heat
I can’t endure loud music.
I can’t endure his endless complaining a moment longer.
I can’t endure him.
忍受痛苦/苦难/艰苦
耐寒/热
我不能忍受音量大的音乐声。
我一刻也不能再忍受他那无休止的抱怨了。
我对他忍无可忍。
(3)
TextB_P7-9_go through
Language Points
go through: experience, endure or suffer 经历；经受；遭受
e.g.
She went through great pain.
You will have to go through a severe test.
They have all gone through the war.
她经受了极大的痛苦。
你得经受一次严峻的考验。
他们都经历过这场战争。
(3)
TextB_P7-9_S_Doctors also …
Language Points
Doctors also performed brain surgery on Armstrong, leaving two deep half-moon scars on his scalp.
医生还为他做了脑外科手术，在他的头皮上留下了两个半月形的疤。
In this sentence, the present participial phrase “leaving two deep half-moon scars on his scalp” serves as an adverbial of result. 本句中，现在分词短语leaving two deep half-moon scars on his scalp用作结果状语。
(3)
TextB_P7-9_S_As long as …
Language Points
As long as I’m alive, that’s what matters.
只要我活着，那才是最重要的。
The sentence pattern “what matters” means “what is important.” 本句中，what matters 相当于 what is important。
(3)
TextB_P10-13_Q
7) For what purpose did Armstrong enter for the Tour de France?
He used the Tour just to motivate to get back on his bike.
8) How did Armstrong regain his strength?
He started riding his bike an hour a day at first and also played basketball and golf.
(3)
TextB_P10-13_T
Chinese Version
尽管遭受着肉体上的痛苦，他的精神仍然很顽强。他把环法自行车赛当作重返自行车运动的动力，至于夺冠，他从来没有考虑过。
一开始，阿姆斯特朗每天骑车一小时。为了恢复体力，他还打篮球和高尔夫球。
到1998年春，阿姆斯特朗已经恢复了训练。他骑着自行车横穿得克萨斯州的平原，每天训练长达8小时。不久，他一周内骑行的英里数就超过了许多人一辈子骑车的距离。
1999年，阿姆斯特朗不仅重返环法自行车赛事，还以绝对优势获得了冠军。
(3)
TextB_P10-13_get back
Language Points
get back: return 回来，返回
e.g.
He has just got back from the long journey.
It’s nearly midnight! I must be getting back home.
他刚结束长途旅行回来。
已经快到午夜了，我必须回家去了。
(3)
TextB_P10-13_champion
Language Points
champion //: n. person, team, animal or plant that has defeated or
excelled all others in a competition 冠军；优胜者
e.g.
He is the boxing champion of the world.
table tennis world champions in men’s and women’s singles
他是世界拳击冠军。
男女乒乓球单打世界冠军
(3)
TextB_P10-13_farthest
Language Points
farthest //: a. (superlative of far) most distant in space, direction or time
(far的最高级) 最远的；最遥远的
e.g.
Their house is the farthest from the shops.
What’s the farthest place you’ve ever been to?
他们家离那些商店最远。
你到过的最远的地方是哪儿?
(3)
TextB_P10-13_S_To be a champion…
Language Points
To be a champion was the farthest thing from his mind.
至于夺冠，他从来没有考虑过。
The infinitive phrase “to be a champion” serves as the subject of the sentence. 本句中，不定式短语to be a champion用作主语。
(3)
TextB_P10-13_resume
Language Points
resume //: vt. begin again; continue after stopping for a time
重新开始；恢复
e.g.
We resumed our work after a rest.
resume traffic
The teacher resumed reading after a pause.
休息之后我们重新开始工作。
恢复交通
老师停顿了一下，继续读下去。
(3)
TextB_P10-13_pedal
Language Points
pedal //:1. n. lever that drives a machine (e.g. a bicycle or sewing machine)
when pressed down by the foot or feet
（自行车、缝纫机等的）踏板，脚蹬子
e.g.
One of the pedals has come off my bicycle.
我那辆自行车的踏脚板有一个已脱落了。
2. [pedal(l)ed, pedal(l)ing] v. use a pedal or pedals; move by pedaling; ride
踩动踏板；骑车
e.g.
She pedaled her bicycle slowly up the hill.
她骑自行车慢慢上山。
(3)
TextB_P10-13_terrain
Language Points
terrain //: n. stretch of land, with regard to its natural features
地形，地势；地带
e.g.
It’s a difficult terrain for cycling.
这是骑自行车难以行走的地形。
(3)
TextB_P10-13_up to
Language Points
up to: as much as or as many as 多达
e.g.
The house can hold up to 100 people.
He can earn up to $200,000 a year.
这幢房子能容纳100 人之多。
他一年能挣20万美元。
(3)
TextB_P10-13lifetime
Language Points
lifetime //: n. duration of sb.’s life 一生，终生
e.g.
In my father’s lifetime there had been many changes in the village.
the lifetime of a television set
在我父亲的一生中，村子里发生了许多变化。
电视机的寿命
(3)
TextB_P14-18_Q
9) What difficulty did Armstrong experience on his fifth Tour de France?
He suffered a loss of body fluids and a stomachache and crashed twice in the race.
10) How did Armstrong show his appreciation?
He gave his $460,000 top prize to his U.S. Postal Service teammates as a show of appreciation.
(3)
TextB_P14-18_T
Chinese Version
阿姆斯特朗的第五次夺冠也许是他一生中最为艰难的，也是最令他感到满意的。比赛初期，他就克服了一次脱水和一次胃痛。他曾摔倒了两次，其中有一次是由于他的自行车把手勾破了一位观众的手提包。
当阿姆斯特朗最终接近巴黎的终点线时，一大群人站在街道两边，为他的胜利欢呼，许多人挥舞着美国国旗。
“我又一次胜利了，真是令人难以置信，” 阿姆斯特朗对人群说。
在比赛中，阿姆斯特朗的平均时速为25.4英里，总用时近84小时，仅以61秒的微弱优势夺冠。为了表达谢意，阿姆斯特朗将46万美元的冠军奖金送给了美国邮电队的队友。
阿姆斯特朗说：“这次比赛使我精疲力竭，所承受的压力也大大超过了以往几届。”
(3)
TextB_P14-18_ fluid
Language Points
fluid //: n. any liquid substance 流体；流质；液
e.g.
cleaning fluid
body fluid
去污液
体液
(3)
TextB_P14-18_handlebar
Language Points
handlebar //: n. bar with a handle at each end for steering a bicycle,
etc. (自行车等的)把手
(3)
TextB_P14-18_teammate
Language Points
teammate //: n. fellow member of a team 同队队员，队友
(3)
TextB_P14-18_ ache
Language Points
ache //: n. continuous dull pain（连续而隐约的）疼痛
e.g.
He often suffers from a stomachache.
He has an ache in his back.
他经常胃痛。
他的背痛。
(3)
TextB_P14-18_crash
Language Points
crash //: 1. n. violent, damaging and often accidental hitting of one or more
cars, buses, trains, etc. together or against sth.; damage or
destruction of an aircraft hitting the ground 碰撞；坠落；坠毁
e.g.
It was a terrible car crash, and seven people lost their lives.
a plane crash
这是一次可怕的汽车相撞事故，有７人丧生。
飞机失事
2. vi. have a crash 碰撞；坠落；坠毁
e.g.
The airplane crashed over the ocean.
The cars crashed into each other.
飞机在海上坠毁。
小汽车轰然相撞。
(3)
TextB_P14-18_tumble
Language Points
tumble //: n. helpless or violent fall 跌倒；摔跤
e.g.
She had a tumble on the stairs.
她在楼梯上摔倒了。
(3)
TextB_P14-18_snag
Language Points
snag//: (snagged; snagging) vt. catch or tear (sth.) on sth. rough or sharp
钩住，撕破
e.g.
His sweater snagged on a tree branch.
She snagged her leg on a rock.
他的毛衣被树枝挂破了。
她在一块岩石上把腿擦破了。
(3)
TextB_P14-18_spectator
Language Points
spectator /, /: n. person who watches (esp. a show or game)
观看者，观众之一
e.g.
The match attracted over 40,000 spectators.
spectator sport
比赛吸引了4万名观众。
吸引大量观众的体育运动
(3)
TextB_P14-18_average
Language Points
average //: 1. n. result of adding several amounts together and dividing
the total by the number of amounts 平均(数)
e.g.
The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24.
The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.
4、8和60的平均数是24。
那个报社一天平均要收到100篇来稿。
2. a. found by calculating the average 平均的
e.g.
students of average intelligence
What is the average age of the boys?
普通智力的学生
这些男孩子的平均年龄是多少？
(3)
TextB_P14-18_per
Language Points
per /, /: prep. for each (unit of time, length. etc.) 每，每一
e.g.
How much do you earn per week?
My rent is $800 per month.
你每周挣多少钱？
我的房租是每月800美元。
(3)
TextB_P14-18_postal
Language Points
postal //: a. of the post 邮政的
e.g.
postal workers
What is the postal rate for the package?
邮政员工
这个包裹的邮费是多少？
(3)
TextB_Exercise_main
Text B Exercises
Answer the following questions.
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary.
(3)
TextB_E_13
Exercises
Answer the following questions.
What makes Lance Armstrong different from ordinary people?
What achievement did Armstrong make in July 2003?
Why does the writer say Armstrong stands alone as a cyclist?
What happened to him in 1996?
What did Armstrong do when he discovered he had cancer?
What was his attitude toward life after the attack of the disease?
For what purpose did Armstrong enter for the Tour de France?
How did Armstrong regain his strength?
What difficulty did Armstrong experience on his fifth Tour de France?
How did Armstrong show his appreciation?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
(3)
TextB_E_14_1
most people in the office, I don’t come to work by car; I enjoy riding
my bicycle instead.
As one of the nations leading in science we attract many more people
to this country than we lose.
The four climbers were eventually forced to accept when weather conditions made it impossible to continue.
They were lost in the mountains for ten days, hunger, thirst, and intense cold.
The thirteen-year-old girl from China became the youngest Olympic
of all time.
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.
percent endure survival average crash defeat
talented tour unlike spectator resume champion
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Unlike
_____
talented
_______
defeat
______
enduring
________
champion
________
(3)
TextB_E_14-2
Collins was so seriously injured that he was unable to his career.
He lost control of his car at the first corner and into the wall.
Many stood round the football field to watch the game.
Every morning the athlete runs a(n) of 10 miles before training.
The patient never lost hope although doctors said his chances of were very small.
Business was good until June and then sales fell by 20 because people were on vacation.
The young couple is saving money for a three-week of the neighboring countries.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
resume
_______
crashed
_______
spectators
_________
average
_______
survival
_______
percent
________
tour
____
percent endure survival average crash defeat
talented tour unlike spectator resume champion
(3)
TextB_E_15-1
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary.
rather than before long up to get back
in a row upside down go through as long as
1.
2.
3.
4.
I will tell you everything you promise not to tell anybody else.
The newly-built Olympic Stadium is the largest in the world for it can hold
150,000 people.
He to his favorite sport against the advice of his friends, family and doctors.
Tom decided to get some work experience first go straight on to university.
as long as
_________
up to
_____
got back
________
rather than
__________
(3)
TextB_E_15-2
She has one hardship after another since her husband was killed.
He is the only cyclist to have won the world’s toughest race six times
.
The monkey is hanging from a tree asking people for food.
We were glad to do the job but we realized how difficult it was going to be.
5.
6.
7.
8.
gone through
____________
in a row
_______
upside down
___________
before long
___________
rather than before long up to get back
in a row upside down go through as long as
(3)
textC-1-E
Text C
On Top of the World:
It has been 50 years since two adventurers(探险家)
first climbed Mt. Everest(珠穆朗玛峰)
Martha Pickerill
1 On May 29, 1953, Edmund Hillary and his mountain-climbing companion, Tenzing Norgay, got a glimpse（一瞥) of Asia that no other human had ever enjoyed. They became the first to look down from the dizzying height（高度) of the world’s tallest mountain, Everest, while standing on its snowy top. But it wasn’t a time for celebrating.
2 “I didn’t leap or throw my hands in the air or something,” Hillary, now 83, recalled（回忆) in an interview with Robert Sullivan of Life books. “We were tired, of course.” This month, the party’s on! Hillary, who lives in New Zealand, will join his friends and fans in Kathmandu（加德满都), Nepal（尼泊尔), to honor the 50th anniversary（周年纪念) of his towering（杰出的) feat.
(3)
textC-1-C
在世界之巅
——两位探险家首次登上珠穆朗玛峰已有50年
玛莎·皮克里尔
1953年5月29日，埃德蒙·希拉里和他的登山伙伴登京格·诺尔盖看到了一个以前从未有人见过的亚洲。他们站在珠穆朗玛峰白雪皑皑的顶上，首次从世界之巅令人目眩的高度向下俯瞰。但是这并不是欢庆的时刻。”我没有跳跃，没有举起双手，也没有以其他任何形式来庆祝，”现年83岁的希拉里在接受《生命》丛书的编辑罗伯特·沙利文采访时这样回忆道。”当然，我们当时已经筋疲力尽了。”本月将会有一场聚会！现定居新西兰的希拉里将前往尼泊尔的加德满都和他的朋友们和崇拜者们团聚，以纪念这一壮举50周年。
Text C
(3)
textC-2-E
The Quest for the Top
3 Sir George Everest, an English surveyor（勘测员) who mapped（绘制地图) India and part of the Himalaya range(山脉), probably never even saw the big mountain. But his colleagues, who measured the peak（山峰) and declared（宣布) it the world’s tallest in 1852, wanted to honor his work by naming it after him. The 29,035-foot-tall mountain straddles（跨越) the border of Nepal and the Tibet（西藏) region of China.
4 Climbing to its summit（顶峰) became an irresistible（无法抵御的) goal for adventurers. When a reporter asked George Mallory, a British mountaineer（登山者) , why he wanted to climb Everest, he famously replied, “Because it is there.” Mallory’s final attempt（尝试) to reach the top ended in his death in 1924. At least 175 climbers are known to have died on Everest since 1920. Nearly 1,200 others have made it to the top.
Text C
(3)
textC-2-C
攀登巅峰之旅
乔治·埃佛勒斯爵士是英国的一位勘测人员，他绘制了印度和喜马拉雅山脉一部分的地图。他本人或许从未看到这座高耸的山峰，但是他的同事们测量了山峰的高度，并于1852年宣布这是世界第一高峰。为了纪念埃佛勒斯爵士所做的工作，他们将这座山峰以他的名字命名。珠穆朗玛峰的高度为29 035英尺，跨越尼泊尔和中国西藏地区的边境线。
登上珠穆朗玛的顶峰成了探险家们难以抵御的一个目标。当记者询问英国登山家乔治·马勒里为什么要攀登珠峰时，他给了一个经典的回答：”因为它就在那里。” 1924年，马勒里在最后一次登顶的尝试中遇难。从1920年至今，已知有至少175名登山者在珠穆朗玛峰上丧生。另有约1 200人登上了顶峰。
Text C
(3)
textC-3-E
One Mean(险恶的) Mountain
5 Anyone who has climbed Everest can tell you that human beings are not meant to hang around 5.5 miles above sea level. The ice, snow, frigid(寒冷的) wind, deep ice cracks called crevasses（冰隙) and lack of oxygen(氧气) are constant threats(威胁) to climbers’ safety and health. Because of the thin air, most climbers breathe from oxygen tanks(罐). Others have lost toes, ears and fingers to frostbite(冻伤). All of these factors force climbers who do reach the top to turn around and scramble(攀爬) back down right away.
6 “You cannot conquer Everest. It’s not possible,” says Jamling Norgay, 38, a son of Tenzing Norgay’s, who has climbed Everest with Hillary’s son, Peter. “Everest will give you a chance to stand on the top for a few minutes, and that’s it.”
Text C
(3)
textC-3-C
一座险峻的山峰
任何一个攀登过珠穆朗玛峰的人都会告诉你人类并不适合在海拔5.5英里的高度逗留。冰雪、寒风、很深的冰隙和缺氧随时威胁着登山者的安全和健康。由于空气稀薄，大多数登山者都带着氧气罐。有些人因为冻伤而失去了脚趾、耳朵和手指。所有这些因素迫使登山者到达顶峰后不得不立刻转身，攀爬而下。
“你无法征服珠穆朗玛峰，这是不可能的，”38岁的杰姆凌·诺尔盖说。他是登京格·诺尔盖的儿子，曾和希拉里的儿子彼得一起攀登过珠峰。他说：”珠穆朗玛峰会给你一个机会让你在世界之巅上呆几分钟，仅此而已。”
Text C
(3)
textC-4-E
It’s Still There
7 The mountain is much less a mystery 50 years later. Climbers have attacked it from all sides, reaching the peak by 15 different routes（路线) . Satellite（卫星) phones and other equipment keep the adventurers in touch with the world below. Climbing clothes are made of high-tech thermal fabrics(保暖织物) now. Hillary and Norgay had layers(层) of wool and cotton, and a simple cotton tent(帐篷), to keep them warm.
Text C
8 Some modern climbers are inexperienced but pay a lot of money to have professional guides take them to the top. This can be risky, and in 1996 tragedy struck. On one of the mountain’s busiest days, a storm blew in, and eight climbers died in a single night.
(3)
TextC-4-C
依然耸立
与50年前相比，珠穆朗玛峰已经没有了当年的神秘色彩。登山者从四面八方攀登，一共有15条路线可以到达顶峰。卫星电话和其他设备使登山者与山下随时保持联系。如今，登山服都是由高科技的保暖织物制成的。而埃德蒙·希拉里和登京格·诺尔盖当年用来保暖的只有几层毛衣和棉衣以及一顶简单的棉帐篷。
一些现代登山者没有经验，但他们可以花很多钱雇专业向导带他们上山。这是很危险的。1996年就发生了一场悲剧。在登山人数最多的一天，突然下起了暴风雪，8名登山者在一夜之间命丧雪峰。
Text C
(3)
TextC-5-E
9 Edmund Hillary continued a life of achievement. After being knighted(授予爵位) by Queen Elizabeth II, Sir Edmund led a team across Antarctica（南极洲) to the South Pole and climbed many mountains. He has worked for decades to build desperately needed schools and hospitals for Tenzing Norgay’s people, the Sherpas（夏尔巴人) of Nepal. “That’s how I’d like to be remembered,” says Hillary. “Not for Everest but for the work I did and the cooperation I had with my Sherpa friends.”
(567 words)
Text C
(3)
TextC-5-C
埃德蒙·希拉里继续着他辉煌的探险生涯。在女王伊丽莎白二世授予他爵位之后，埃德蒙爵士带领一个探险队穿越南极洲，到达南极，登上了许多高山。几十年来，他一直努力为登京格·诺尔盖的同胞、尼泊尔的夏尔巴人建造当地人极需的学校和医院。”我希望以这种方式被人们所缅怀，” 希拉里说。”不是因为珠穆朗玛峰，而是因为我所做的工作和我与夏尔巴人之间的合作。”
Text C
(3)
TextC_E_16-1
Choose the best answer for each of the following multiple choice questions.
When the two adventurers reached the top of Mt. Everest on May 29, 1953, it wasn’t a time for celebrating because________ .
A) they felt dizzy standing on the snowy top of the world’s tallest mountain
B) they didn’t enjoy looking down the dizzying height
C) they couldn’t leap or throw their hands in the air
D) they were too tired to celebrate
1.
Comprehension of the Text
(3)
TextC_E_16-2
Why was the mountain named after Sir George Everest?
A) Because he was the first one to climb it.
B) Because he mapped India and measured the peak.
C) Because his colleagues wanted to honor his work.
D) Because he first declared it the world’s tallest mountain.
2.
(3)
TextC_E_16-3
Which of the following statements is true about George Mallory according to the passage?
A) He died on his way to the top of Mt. Everest.
B) He was the best mountaineer in Britain in the 1920s.
C) He was the first one to attempt to reach the top of Mt. Everest.
D) He was very near the top in his last attempt.
3.
(3)
TextC_E_16-4
Which of the following is NOT listed as the constant threats to climber’s safety and health?
A) Ice cracks.
B) Cold wind.
C) Lack of oxygen.
D) Lack of high-tech thermal fabrics.
4.
(3)
TextC_E_16-5
According to the passage, Hillary and Norgay were equipped with _________ when they climbed Mt. Everest.
A) satellite phones
B) layers of wool and cotton and a simple cotton tent
C) climbing clothes made of high-tech thermal fabrics
D) many oxygen tanks
5.
(3)
TextC_E_16-6
It can be learned from the passage that Tenzing Norgay was from _________.
A) Nepal
B) New Zealand
C) Britain
D) the Tibet region of China
6.
(3)
TextC_E_16-7
Which of the following did NOT happen in Edmund Hillary’s life?
A) He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.
B) He led a team to the North Pole.
C) He built schools and hospitals for the Sherpas of Nepal.
D) He climbed many other mountains besides Mt. Everest.
7.
(3)
TextC_E_16-8
Which of the following statements is true about Mt. Everest according to the passage?
A) It is still a great mystery to the world.
B) There is more than one route to the peak.
C) More people have been killed on the mountain than those who have reached the peak.
D) Professional guides are necessary for all modern climbers.
8.
(3)
Basic-1
Basic Reading Skills
Reading Indexes
索引（index）不同于目录，它出现在书的最后。它不以内容出现的先后顺序排列，而是按照字母顺序排列。索引有主题索引、人名索引，也有主题和人名在一起的索引。索引告诉我们某一内容、某一主题、某一人物等出现在书中的哪一页或哪几页上，我们甚至能在索引中了解到哪几页上讨论某一内容比较详细。如果说目录告诉我们某一章节主要涉及什么内容，那么索引则告诉我们在书的那些地方出现过与某一主题、某一人物等有关的内容。利用索引能帮助我们在最短的时间里找到我们所需要的信息。
(3)
Basic_17-1
The following is the index of the book Study Tasks in English. Answer the questions according to it.
Index
abbreviations 59,80,208
active learning 70-3
analysing statistics 22,125-32
appendices 2
assessment Unit 11
assumptions 123,124
attitudes to writing 90-3
audience 95,99
average 120,130-1,132
axis 126,127,128
background knowledge 123,124
bias 16-19,123,134
bibliographic references 49-53
card catalogues 40-1
case studies 119
causal relationships 225
conclusion(s) 12,107,124,133 consequences 22,2630
contents (table of) 43,46
conventions 104,114-16
correlation co-efficient 27
critical thinking Units 2 and 3
definitions 14-16
diagrams and illustrations 130
discussion preparation 81-4
discussion strategies 87-9
discussions Unit 7
drafting 100-2
editing 111-14,209
efficient reading and listening 73-6
empirical research Unit 10
essay exams 137
essay structure 104-7
examinations Unit 11
exam-taking techniques 142-3
(3)
Basic_17-2
linking expressions 103,105-7
listening 63-4,Unit 6
logical thinking Units 2,3
magnifying the writing focus 96-9
making an outline 96-102
marking systems 144
memorisation 139-40
multiple-choice tests 135-6
non-verbal clues 63
normal curve 131-2
note-taking Unit 5
organisation of information 72-3,133
over-generalisation 32
paragraphs 108-11
paraphrasing 16-17,85,86-7,110,114
pie charts 125-6
plagiarism 115
points of view 12,18-19,68,82,83,84-7
predicting 27-8,28-30,71-2,78-9
flow charts 26,28,103,128-9
focusing writing 93-9,103
format 52,96
forming a position 95
framework 72-3
getting ready for exams 139-42
getting your message across 84-5
gist 74-6
glossary 2,201-4
histograms 126
hypothesis 72
index 44-5
inference 22,24
introductions 105,133
journals 47-8
key words in writing assignments 94
libraries Unit 4
line graphs 127-8,131-2
(3)
Basic_17-3
profiles 194-200
project work 12,137-8
Proof-reading 111-14
questioning 12-14,94-6
quoting 115
random samples 120-1
reading Unit 6
recording statistics 125-32
references 48,49-53
reliability 121-5
repetition and redundancy 111,112-13
research Unit 10
research reports 133
sampling 119,120-1
scanning 74-6
second markers 144
self-evaluation 3-5,8-10,11,69-70,74,
90-3,138,139,145, 146, 184-7,190,
192,194-200
sequencing ideas 96-102
short-answer tests 136-7,139
skimming 74-6
stress 141-2,191
study preparation 5-8
term papers 137-8
timetables 6-8,185,188-9
title page 42-3
tone 111,113
topic sentences 108
validity 121-5
Venn diagrams 33-4
wordbook 2
writing Units 8,9
writing source cards 48-9
(3)
Basic_17-6
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
On which pages do you find the reading skill scanning?
Which pages deal with term papers?
Which pages probably deal with the subject focusing writing in a more detailed way?
Which page(s) should you turn to if you want to read about timetables?
How many pages does paraphrasing appear on?
Pages 74-6.
Pages 137-8
Pages 93-9, 103
Pages 6-8, 185, 188-9.
7 pages. They are Pages 16-17, 85, 86-7, 110, 114.
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