CST CABLE STUDIO

CST®STUDIOSUITE®2016Workflow&SolverOverviewCSTCABLESTUDIOCopyright©CST2005–2016CST–ComputerSimulationTechnologyAGAllrightsreserved.Informationinthisdocumentissubjecttochangewithoutnotice.Thesoftwaredescribedinthisdocumentisfurnishedunderalicenseagreementornon-disclosureagreement.Thesoftwaremaybeusedonlyinaccordancewiththetermsofthoseagreements.Nopartofthisdocumentationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformoranymeanselectronicormechanical,includingphotocopyingandrecording,foranypurposeotherthanthepurchaser’spersonalusewithoutthewrittenpermissionofCST.TrademarksCST,CSTSTUDIOSUITE,CSTMICROWAVESTUDIO,CSTEMSTUDIO,CSTPARTICLESTUDIO,CSTCABLESTUDIO,CSTPCBSTUDIO,CSTMPHYSICSSTUDIO,CSTMICROSTRIPES,CSTDESIGNSTUDIO,CSTBOARDCHECK,PERFECTBOUNDARYAPPROXIMATION(PBA),andtheCSTlogoaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksofCSTinNorthAmerica,theEuropeanUnion,andothercountries.Otherbrandsandtheirproductsaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksoftheirrespectiveholdersandshouldbenotedassuch.CST–ComputerSimulationTechnologyAGwww.cst.comCSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverviewContentsCHAPTER1—INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................3Welcome......................................................................................................................................3HowtoGetStartedQuickly....................................................................................................3WhatisCSTCABLESTUDIO?..............................................................................................3Applications............................................................................................................................4CSTCABLESTUDIOKeyFeatures............................................................................................5General...................................................................................................................................5HarnessStructureModeling...................................................................................................5HarnessElectricModeling......................................................................................................5CircuitSimulator.....................................................................................................................63DFull-WaveSimulator..........................................................................................................6AboutThisManual.......................................................................................................................7DocumentConventions..........................................................................................................7YourFeedback.......................................................................................................................7CHAPTER2—OVERVIEW.......................................................................................................8UserInterface..............................................................................................................................8MainFrame............................................................................................................................8InterfacetoCSTDESIGNSTUDIO........................................................................................9HowtoDefineaCableAssembly..............................................................................................10TheTraceofaCableBundle................................................................................................10InsertingCables....................................................................................................................17CableTypes.........................................................................................................................28Signals..................................................................................................................................28Terminals..............................................................................................................................28Connectors...........................................................................................................................28Plug-in..................................................................................................................................28Pins(ConnectorPins)..........................................................................................................28Junctions..............................................................................................................................28Components.........................................................................................................................29CHAPTER3—EXAMPLES.....................................................................................................33TransmissiononaCoaxCable..................................................................................................33TheStructure........................................................................................................................33CableDefinition....................................................................................................................342DModeling.........................................................................................................................41CircuitSimulationandResults..............................................................................................43CrosstalkbetweentwoWireBundles........................................................................................53CableDefinition....................................................................................................................53ConnectorDefinition.............................................................................................................56MeshingandSimulationwithtwoDifferentSearchDistances..............................................65FieldCouplingfromandintoaTwistedPair..............................................................................74CableDefinition....................................................................................................................74HybridMethodforRadiationfromaCable............................................................................78HybridMethodforIrradiationintoaCable............................................................................85CHAPTER4–GENERALMETHODOLOGY...........................................................................91StandardWorkflow...............................................................................................................91AdditionalWorkflowforUni-andBi-DirectionalCable-to-FieldCoupling...............................922CSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverviewCHAPTER–FINDINGFURTHERINFORMATION..................................................................93OnlineDocumentation...............................................................................................................93TutorialsandExamples.............................................................................................................93TechnicalSupport......................................................................................................................93MacroLanguageDocumentation...............................................................................................94HistoryofChanges....................................................................................................................94CSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverview3Chapter1—IntroductionWelcomeWelcometoCSTCABLESTUDIO,thepowerfulandeasy-to-usepackageforanalyzingconductedtransmission,EMI(ElectromagneticInterference)andEMS(ElectromagneticSusceptibility)oncomplexcablestructures.Thisprogramcombinestransmissionlinetheory,circuitsimulationand3D“full-wave”calculationmethodsinaconvenientandsophisticatedway,whichmakesithighlysuitableforsimulatingcablesinsideelectricallylargesystems.CSTCABLESTUDIOisembeddedintothedesignenvironmentofCSTSTUDIOSUITE,whichisexplainedintheGettingStartedmanual.Thefollowingexplanationsassumethatyouhavealreadyinstalledthesoftwareandfamiliarizedyourselfwiththebasicconceptsoftheuserinterface.HowtoGetStartedQuicklyWerecommendthatyouproceedasfollows:ReadtheCSTSTUDIOSUITEGettingStartedmanual.Workthroughthisdocumentcarefully.Itshouldprovideyouwithallthebasicinformationnecessarytounderstandtheadvanceddocumentationfoundintheonlinehelp.Pleaselookatthe‘Examples’folderintheinstallationdirectory.Thedifferentapplicationexampleswillgiveyouagoodimpressionofwhatcanbeaccomplishedwiththesoftware.Pleasenotethattheseexamplesaredesignedtogiveyoubasicinsightintoaparticularapplicationdomain.Startwithyourfirstownexample.CreateyourfirstCABLESTUDIOmodelandsimulation.Chooseareasonablysmallandsimpleharnessthatwillallowyoutoquicklybecomefamiliarwiththesoftware.WhatisCSTCABLESTUDIO?CSTCABLESTUDIOisanelectromagneticsimulationtoolspeciallydesignedforfastandaccuratesimulationofreal-worldcablesinsideelectricallylargesystemsbycombiningtransmissionlinetheory,circuitsimulationand3Dfull-wavecalculationmethods.Itclosesthegapbetweenpure2Dcross-sectionanalysisandpure3Dfull-waveanalysis.CSTCABLESTUDIOoffersauserinterfacethatmakesiteasytodefineacomplexcableharness.The3DtopologycanbedefinedeitherfromscratchorbyloadinganexistingharnessviaaNASTRANorSTEPAP212-KBLimportfilter.Separatedialogboxesenablethedefinitionoffourbasictypesofcables:singlewires,ribboncables,twistedcablesandshieldedcables(compactorbraidedshields).Anycombinationofthesebasiccabletypescanbedefinedandstoredinauserdefinedlibrary.Abundledialogboxallowstheconvenientdefinitionofexactorrandomcablecross-sections.Thetransferimpedanceofashieldedcablecanbeeitherdirectlydefinedorcalculatedbyusingthebuilt-intransferimpedancecalculator,whichextractstheimpedancefromthe4CSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverviewgeometriccharacteristicsoftheshield.Inaddition,itispossibletoloadandassignmeasuredtransferimpedancecurves.CSTCABLESTUDIOgeneratesequivalentcircuitsfromthecableharnessbasedonclassicaltransmissionlinetheory.Itautomaticallymeshesthecableharnessalongitslengthandcalculatesthetransmissionlineparametersonthesesegments.Skineffectanddielectriclossaremodeledinbothfrequencyandtimedomainsimulations.TheequivalentcircuitscanbeexportedinseveralSPICEformats.CSTCABLESTUDIOusesthepowerful3DsolidmodelingfrontendofCSTMICROWAVESTUDIOtoset-uporimportarbitrarymetallic3Dshapes,rangingfromsimplegroundplanestocomplexchassisstructures.Moreover,thepowerful3Dfull-wavesolversfromCSTMICROWAVESTUDIOareusedtocalculatetheelectromagneticfieldsintheenvironmentsurroundingthecable.CSTCABLESTUDIOusesCSTDESIGNSTUDIO’seasy-to-useschematictodefinepassiveandactivedevicesatcableterminations.Thepowerfulbuilt-innetworksimulatorinCSTDESIGNSTUDIOenablesthesimulationofawholesystemconsistingoftheequivalentcircuitofthecableharnessanditsterminations.CSTCABLESTUDIOcontrolsthedataexchangebetweenthecircuitsimulationengineandthevarious3DEMsolversforcurrents(onthecableharness)andelectromagneticfields(aroundthecableharness).Thisenablessimulatingboththeeffectsoffieldscouplingintothecablesandfieldsradiatingfromthecables.ApplicationsTransmissionandcrosstalksimulationsofextendedcablestructuresintimeandfrequencydomainsEMI:analysisofradiatedelectromagneticfieldsfromcomplexcableslyingalongmetallicstructuresEMS:analysisofcoupledelectromagneticfieldsintocomplexcableslyingalongmetallicstructuresCSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverview5CSTCABLESTUDIOKeyFeaturesAnoverviewofthemainfeaturesofCSTCABLESTUDIOisprovidedinthefollowinglist.Pleasenotethatavailabilityofsomeofthelistedfeaturesmaydependontheindividuallicenseconfiguration.Pleasecontactyourlocalsalesofficefordetails.Forthecircuitsimulatoronlysomeselectedkeyfeaturesarelistedbelow.AdditionalinformationcanbefoundintheCSTDESIGNSTUDIOmanualandOnlineHelp.Forthe3Dsolidmodelingfrontendandthe3Dfull-wavesimulationonlysomeselectedkeyfeaturesarelistedbelow.AfulllistcanbefoundintheCSTMICROWAVESTUDIOWorkflowandSolverOverviewmanual.GeneralNativegraphicaluserinterfacebasedonWindowsoperatingsystems.TightinterfacetoCSTDESIGNSTUDIOandCSTMICROWAVESTUDIOenablingcablemodeling,circuitsimulationand3Dfull-waveanalysisinoneenvironment.TransmissionlinemodelingmethodforfastandaccuratesimulationofTEMpropagationmodesinsidecomplexcablestructures.Hybridmethodcombiningtransmissionlineanalysiswith3D“full-wave”analysis.HarnessStructureModelingEasydefinitionofcomplexharnesstopology.ImportofharnessviaNASTRANandSTEPAP212-KBL.Interactivecableeditingdialogboxesforallrelevanttypesofcables.ParameterizationofcablepositionHarnessElectricModelingAutomaticmeshingandextractionof2Dtransmissionlineparameters.Modellingofallrelevantcabletypesinanycombination(singlewire,ribboncables,twistedcablesandshieldedcables).Considerationofskinandproximityeffectsaswellasdielectriclossintimeandfrequencydomains.ConsiderationoftransferimpedanceforbraidedshieldsExportofequivalentSPICEcircuits.6CSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverviewCircuitSimulatorSchematiceditorenablestheeasydefinitionofpassiveandactivedevicesonthecable’sequivalentcircuit.Fastcircuitsimulationintimeandfrequencydomains.ImportofSPICEsub-circuits(BerkleySPICEsyntax).SupportofIBISmodels.ImportandExportofS-ParameterdataviaTOUCHSTONEfileformat.Parameterizationofterminationcircuitryandparametersweep.3DFull-WaveSimulatorAutomatictransferofimpressedcommonmodecurrentsoncablebundlesfromcircuitsimulatortothe3D“full-wave”simulator.Automatictransferofinducedvoltagesoncablebundlestocircuitsimulator.Advancedsolidmodellingofthedefinitionofscatteringorantennastructures.Importof3DCADdatabySAT,AutodeskInventor®,IGES,VDA-FS,STEP,ProE®,CATIA4®,CATIA5®,CoventorWare®,Mecadtron®,NASTRANorSTLfilesforthedefinitionofscatterandantennastructures.Planewaveexcitation(linear,circular,ellipticalpolarization).Idealvoltageandcurrentsourcesforantennaexcitation.Accurateandefficienttimedomainsolvers,basedontheFiniteIntegrationTechnique(FIT)orontheTransmission-LineMatrix(TLM)method.FullyautomaticcreationofhexahedralgridsincombinationwiththePerfectBoundaryApproximation(PBA),ThinSheetTechnique(TST)orOctree-basedmeshing.Calculationofvariouselectromagneticquantitiessuchaselectricfields,magneticfields,surfacecurrentsandvoltages.CSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverview7AboutThisManualThismanualisprimarilydesignedtoenableaquickstartonthemodelingcapabilitiesofCSTCABLESTUDIO.Itisnotintendedasacompletereferenceguidetoallavailablefeatures,butratherasanoverviewofthekeyconcepts.Understandingtheseconceptswillallowonetolearnthesoftwareefficientlywithhelpoftheonlinedocumentation.Tolearnmoreaboutthecircuitsimulator,pleaserefertotheCSTDESIGNSTUDIOmanual.Tolearnmoreaboutthe3Dfull-wavesimulator,pleaserefertotheCSTMICROWAVESTUDIOmanual.Thenextchapter,Overview,isdedicatedtoexplainingthegeneralconceptsbehindCSTCABLESTUDIOandtoshowthemostimportantobjectsandrelateddialogboxes.ChapterExampleswillguideyouthroughthreeimportantexampleswhichprovideagoodoverviewofthecapabilities.Westronglyrecommendstudyingbothchapterscarefully.DocumentConventionsButtonsthatshouldbepressedwithindialogboxesarealwayswritteninitalics,e.g.OK.Keycombinationsarealwaysjoinedwithaplus(+)sign.Ctrl+SmeansthatyoushouldholddowntheCtrlkeywhilepressingtheSkey.Theprogram’sfeaturescanbeaccessedthroughaRibboncommandbaratthetopofthemainwindow.ThecommandsareorganizedinaseriesoftabswithintheRibbon.Inthisdocumentacommandisprintedasfollows:Tabname:GroupnameButtonnameCommandname.ThismeansthatyoushouldactivatethepropertabfirstandthenpressthebuttonCommandname,whichbelongstothegroupGroupname.Ifakeyboardshortcutexistsitisshowninbracketsafterthecommand.Example:View:ChangeViewResetView(Space)Theprojectdataisaccessiblethroughthenavigationtreeontheleftsideoftheapplication’smainwindow.Anitemofthenavigationtreeisreferencedinthefollowingway:NT:TreefolderSubfolderTreeitem.Example:Cable-NT:CableTypesCoaxialcablesRG58YourFeedbackWeareconstantlystrivingtoimprovethequalityofoursoftwaredocumentation.Ifyouhaveanycommentsregardingthedocumentation,pleasesendthemtoyourlocalsupportcenter.Ifyoudon’tknowhowtocontactthesupportcenternearyou,sendanemailtoinfo@cst.com.8CSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverviewChapter2—OverviewCSTCABLESTUDIOisdesignedforeaseofuse.However,togetstartedquicklyyouwillneedtoknowthebasicconceptsbehindit.Themainpurposeofthischapteristoprovideanoverviewofthemostimportantobjectsanddialogboxes.UserInterfaceLaunchCSTSTUDIOSUITEfromtheStartmenuorbyclickingonthedesktopicon.IntheModuleslistclickonCSTCABLESTUDIO.AnewCSTCABLESTUDIOprojectisopenedwithanemptyMainView.MainFrameTheuserinterfaceisdividedintofivesub-windows:TheMainViewallowsthe3Dvisualizationoftheharnessanditssurroundingmetalliccomponents.TheCrossSectionwindowshowsthe2Dvisualizationofcablecrosssections.TheCable/MWSNavigationTreeframeenablesswitchingbetweentheCableNavigationandtheMWSNavigationTree.TheCableNavigationTreeallowsaccesstoallobjectsnecessarytodefineacompletecableassemblyin3D.WhenselectinganitemitwillbedisplayedintheMainView,CrossSectionVieworinbothdependingontheobject’scharacteristics.TheMWSNavigationTreeallowsaccesstoallMWSrelatedobjects,therebyallowingfullaccesstosolidmodelingMainViewCable/MWSNavigationTreeCrossSectionwindowRibbonsMessageswindowCSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverview9and3Dfull-wavesimulationtechnology.WhenselectinganitemitwillbedisplayedintheMainView.TheMessageswindowshowsgeneralinformation,solverprogress,warningsanderrorsduringprojectset-uporsimulation.InterfacetoCSTDESIGNSTUDIOBelowtheMainViewtherearetwodifferenttabs:Initiallythe3Dviewisactive.SelectingtheSchematictabchangestheviewtoCSTDESIGNSTUDIO.Thisprovidesaccesstotheschematiceditorandthecircuitsimulator.Thefollowinglistgivesanoverviewonthemeaningandusageofthetwodifferenttabs:The3Dtabpresentsallobjectsanddialogboxesnecessarytodefineandeditcablebundlesinsidea3Dmetallicenvironment.ItincludesappropriatesolvertechnologytogenerateequivalentcircuitswhicharepassedtotheSchematictab.Itfurtherenablesthehybridmethodsforradiationandirradiationbyexchangingthecommonmodecurrentandvoltagesofacablebetweenthecircuitsimulatorandthe3Dtransientsolvers.TheSchematictabisusedtodefineandeditloadsontheequivalentcircuitofthecableharnesswiththehelpofaschematiceditor.Itfurtherenablesthecircuitsimulationofthewholesystemintimeandfrequencydomains,whilemaintainingatightinterfacewiththe3Dtransientsolverstoeasilyexchangeimpressedcurrentsandvoltages.10CSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverviewHowtoDefineaCableAssemblyThissectionwillexplainhowtosetupacompletecableassembly.Itisabasicprocedurethatwerecommendreadingcarefullybeforestartingwiththeexamplesinthenextchapter.Inordertosetupacableassembly,cablebundleswheredifferentcabletypescanbeplacedmustbedefinedfirst.Thiscanbedonebyusinganyexistingcurve(Cables:CurvesCurves)orbyusingthefollowingthreeobjects:Nodes,SegmentsandCableBundles,whichcanbeseenasseparatesub-foldersintheCableNavigationTree.TheTraceofaCableBundleNodesandSegmentsbuilda3Dgraph,whichareusedfordefiningpaths.SuchpathsarecalledTracesandtheycanbeassignedtoanynumberofdifferentcables.AllcablesonaTracebuildaCableBundle,andallthosecablesareautomaticallycoupled(bythemutualinductancesandcapacitancesbetweenthecables).Thereisonerestriction:atracefromacablebundlecannotbuildaclosedloop.CSTCABLESTUDIO®2016–WorkflowandSolverOverview11Westartwiththedefinitionofsixnodeswhichwewilluselatertodefinetwoseparatetraces.Wedouble-clickonCableNavigationTree:Nodesandgetthefollowingdialogbox:Todefineafirstn