首页 高考英语阅读理解模拟练习

高考英语阅读理解模拟练习

举报
开通vip

高考英语阅读理解模拟练习高考英语阅读理解模拟练习(名师精选试题+解析答案,建议下载练习)ASincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Braincomputerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMilanandMicheleAvellafromtheFede...

高考英语阅读理解模拟练习
高考英语阅读理解模拟练习(名师精选 试题 中考模拟试题doc幼小衔接 数学试题 下载云南高中历年会考数学试题下载N4真题下载党史题库下载 +解析 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 ,建议下载练习)ASincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Braincomputerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMilanandMicheleAvellafromtheFederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated(展示)asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson'sthoughts.Inthelaboratory,Avellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord(脊髓)tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles.”Avellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.”Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(头皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.Prof.Milan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:communication,andcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.1.HowdidAvellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?A.Bycontrollinghismuscles.B.Bytalkingtothemachine.C.Bymovinghishand.D.Byusinghismind.2.WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?A.scalp→computer→cap→wheelchairB.computer→cap→scalp→wheelchairC.scalp→cap→computer→wheelchairD.cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair3.Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto________.A.makeprofitsfromthemB.provethetechnologyusefultothemC.makethemlivelongerD.learnabouttheirphysicalcondition4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Switzerland,theBCIResearchCenterB.NewFindingsAboutHowtheHumanBrainWorksC.BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabledD.RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries答案与解析1.D 细节理解题。根据第三段可知Tavella只是思考动他的左右手就能操作这个轮椅。甚至当他观察这台机器时就能进行交流,也能用他的思想指导机器人工作。因此机器人是在人脑的思想支配下进行工作的。故D项正确。2.C 细节理解题。根据第五段可知,首先研究人员为用户设计一种特殊的帽子,它会捕捉头皮发出的信号并将其传给电脑。电脑将这些信号进行 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 翻译,给监控下的机器人轮椅发出指令。机器人轮椅装有两部摄像头能识别信号路径中的物体,从而帮助电脑对人脑的指令作出反应。故此处C项正确。3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom”可知,在患者身上进行实验是他们团队工作的一个目标,旨在证明这项技术对他们有益。故正确答案选B项。4.C 主旨大意题。本文为科技说明文,开篇点题。介绍科学家研究的这项新技术BCI,对残疾人大有裨益。故正确答案为C项。BTodayjustastechnologychangedthefaceofindustry,farmshaveundergonean“agriculturalrevolution”.Onthefarmoftoday,machinesprovidealmostallthepower.Oneofthemostimportantbenefitswillbethefarmcomputer.Afewforward-lookingfarmersarealreadyusingcomputerstohelpthemruntheirfarmsmoreefficiently.Thecomputershelpthemkeepmoreaccuraterecordssotheycanmakebetterdecisionsonwhatcropstoplant,howmuchlivestocktobuy,whentoselltheirproducts,andhowmuchprofittheycanexpect.Manycomputercompanieshavebeendevelopingspecialcomputerprogramsjustforfarmers.Programsarebeingwrittenforhogproducers,grainfarmers,potatofarmers,anddairyfarmers.Inthefuture,farmerswillbeabletopurchasecomputerprogramsmadetotheirneeds.Becauseofthegrowingimportanceofcomputersonthefarm,studentsatagriculturalcollegesarerequiredtotakecomputerclassesinadditiontotheirnormalagriculturalcourses.Therecanbenodoubtthatfarmerswillrelyoncomputersevenmoreinthefuture.Whiletheold-timefarmdependedonhorsepower,andmodernfarmsdependonmachinepower,farmsofthefuturewilldependoncomputerpower.Anothertechnologicaladvancewhichisstillintheexperimentalstageistherobot,areal“mechanizedhiredhand”thatwillbeabletomoveand,insomeways,thinklikeahumanbeing.Agriculturalengineersbelievethatcomputer-aidedrobotswillmakestartlingchangesinfarmingbeforetheendofthecentury.Unlikefarmersofthepresent,farmersofthefuturewillfindthatmanyday-to-daytaskswillbedoneforthem.Scientistsarenowdevelopingrobotsthatwillbeabletoshearsheep,drivetractors,andharvestfruit.Evencomplexjobswillbedonebyrobots.Forexample,inordertomilktheircows,farmersmustfirstdrivethemintothebarn,thenconnectthemtothemilkingmachines,watchthemachines,anddisconnectthemwhentheyarefinished.Inthefuture,thiswillallbedonebyrobots.Inaddition,whenthemilkingiscompleted,therobotswillautomaticallychecktomakesurethatthemilkispure.Thecompletemobilizationofthefarmisfarinthefuture,butengineersexpectthatsomerobotswillbeusedbeforelong.1.Accordingtothepassage,computerscannothelpfarmersdecide_______.A.howmuchmoneytheycanearnfromtheirproductsB.whethertoplantacertainkindofcropC.whentoselltheirproductsD.whatlivestocktoraise2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Farmersmainlyusemachinesontheirfarmsatpresent.B.Bothcomputersandrobotshavebeeninuseontoday’sfarms.C.Farmersinthefuturewilldependtotallyoncomputers.D.Studentsatagriculturalcollegesmusttakecomputerclassesbecausetheycandonothingwithoutthehelpofcomputersontoday’sfarms.3.Accordingtotheengineers,______willbedonebyrobotsinthenearfuture.A.allfarmworkB.milkingcowsC.mostofthefarmworkD.somefarmwork4.Whatisthebesttitleforthewholepassage?A.Computer,farmers’bestfriendB.FarmersInthefutureC.TheagriculturalrevolutionD.Computersandrobots【答案与解析】本文介绍了科学技术在农业方面的重大作用以及机器人将在农业中的应用。1.D细节题。从thecomputershelpthem…makebetterdecisionsonwhatcropstoplant,howmuchlivestocktobuy,whentoselltheirproducts,andhowmuchprofittheycanexpect可知a、b、c三项正确,d项中应把what改为howmuch。2.A推断题由onthefarmoftoday,machinesprovidealmostallthepower可推知A项正确。3.C细节题。从thecompletemobilizationofthefarmisfarinthefuture,butengineersexpectthatsomerobotswillbeusedbeforelong可知答案为c。4.C主旨题。从todayjustastechnologychangedthefaceofindustry,farmshaveundergonean“agriculturalrevolution”(科技推动了农业的重大变革),故答案选c。CYouneverseehim,butthey'rewithyoueverytimeyoufly.Theyrecordwhereyouaregoing,howfastyou'retravelingandwhethereverythingonyourairplaneisfunctioningnormally.Theirabilitytowithstandalmostanydisastermakesthemseemlikesomethingoutofacomicbook.They'reknownastheblackbox.Whenplanesfallfromthesky,asaYemeniairlinerdidonitswaytoComorosIslandsintheIndiaoceanJune30,2009,theblackboxisthebestbetforidentifyingwhatwentwrong.SowhenaFrenchsubmarine(潜水艇)detectedthedevice'shomingsignalfivedayslater,thediscoverymarkedahugesteptowarddeterminingthecauseofatragedyinwhich152passengerswerekilled.In1958,AustralianscientistDavidWarrendevelopedaflight-memoryrecorderthatwouldtrackbasicinformationlikealtitudeanddirection.Thatwasthefirstmodeforablackbox,whichbecamearequirementonallU.S.commercialflightsby1960.Earlymodelsoftenfailedtowithstandcrashes,however,soin1965thedevice(装置)wascompletelyredesignedandmovedtotherearoftheplane–thearealeastsubjecttoimpact–fromitsoriginalpositioninthelandingwells(起落架舱).Thesameyear,theFederalAviationAuthorityrequiredthattheboxes,whichwereneveractuallyblack,bepaintedorangeoryellowtoaidvisibility.Modernairplaneshavetwoblackboxes:avoicerecorder,whichtrackspilots'conversations,andaflight-datarecorder,whichmonitorsfuellevels,enginenoisesandotheroperatingfunctionsthathelpinvestigatorsreconstructtheaircraft'sfinalmoments.Placedinaninsulated(隔绝的)caseandsurroundedbyaquarter-inch-thickpanelsofstainlesssteel,theboxescanwithstandmassiveforceandtemperaturesupto2,000℉.Whensubmerged,they'realsoabletoemitsignalsfromdepthsof20,000ft.ExpertsbelievetheboxesfromAirFranceFlight447,whichcrashednearBrazilonJune1,2009,areinwaternearlythatdeep,butstatisticssaythey'restilllikelytoturnup.Intheapproximately20deep-seacrashesoverthepast30years,onlyoneplane'sblackboxeswereneverrecovered.50.InParagraph1,theauthorwantstosaytheblackbox_________.A.isannecessarydeviceonanairplaneB.comesfromacomicbookC.canpreventdisastersD.cancontrolthefunctionofanairplane51.FromtheblackboxontheYemeniairliner_________couldbefound.A.thesceneofthecrashandthedegreeofthedamageB.thetotalnumberofpassengersonboardC.dataforanalyzingthecauseofthecrashD.homingsignalssentbythepilotbeforethecrash52.Whywastheblackboxredesignedin1965?A.Newmaterialsbecameavailablebythattime.B.Theearlymodelsoftengotdamagedinthecrash.C.Toomuchspacewasneededforitsdevice.D.Theearlymodelsdidn'tprovidetheneededdata.53.WhatdoweknowabouttheblackboxesfromAirFranceFlight447?A.Thereisstillagoodchanceoftheirbeingrecovered.B.Thereisanurgentneedforthemtobereconstructed.C.Theyhavestoppedsendinghomingsignals.D.TheyweredestroyedsomewherenearBrazil.【文章综述】本文介绍了飞机上一个非常重要的装置—黑匣子,黑匣子的作用和它的改进过程。【答案解析】50.A细节理解题。根据第一段提到Youneverseehim,butthey'rewithyoueverytimeyoufly你不会看到他,但当你飞行时它时刻跟随着你,故选A项。51.C细节题。根据第二段Whenplanesfallfromthesky,asaYemeniairlinerdidonitswaytoComorosIslandsintheIndiaoceanJune30,2009,theblackboxisthebestbetforidentifyingwhatwentwrong.说明这个黑匣子里是一些数据,这些数据可以分析飞机坠毁的原因,故A正确52.B细节题:考点出处倒数第二段Earlymossoftenfailedtowithstandcrashes,however,so in1965 thedevicewascompletelyredesigned…文中提到,早期的黑匣子经常抗不住空难的破坏(failedtowithstandcrashes),因此在1965年,黑匣子重新设计(redesigned),所以答案为B.54.A推理题:考点出处最后一段Expertsbelievetheboxesfrom AirFranceFlight447,whichcrashednear Brazilon June1,2009,areinwaternearlythatdeep,butstatisticssaythey'restilllikelytoturnup.Intheapproximately 20deep-sea crashes overthepast30years,onlyoneplane'sblackboxeswereneverrecovered.文中提到,专家相信法航447号的黑匣子是在水下20000英尺的深度,接着指出,但是统计数据显示他们仍然可能出现,即有可能被找到,接下来的具体统计数据也进一步说明了这一点,所以答案为A.DCanpeoplechangetheirskincolorwithoutsufferinglikepopkingMichaelJackson?Perhapsyes.Scientistshavefoundthegenethatdeterminesskincolor.Thegenecomesintwoversions,oneofwhichisfoundin99percentofEuropeans.Theotherisfoundin93to100percentofAfricans,researchersatPennsylvaniaStateUniversityreportinthelatestissueofScience.Scientistshavechangedthecolorofadark-stripedzebrafishtouniformgoldbyinsertingaversionofthepigment(色素)geneintoayoungfish.Aswithhumans,zebrafishskincolorisdeterminedbypigmentcells,whichcontainmelanin.Thenumber,sizeanddarknessofmelaninperpigmentcelldetermineskincolor.Itappearsthat,likethegoldenzebrafish,light-skinnedEuropeansalsohaveamutation(变异)inthegeneformelaninproduction.Thisresultsinlesspigmentedskin.However,KeithCheng,leaderoftheresearchteam,pointsoutthatthemutationisdifferentinhumanandzebrafishgenes.HumansacquireddarkskininAfricaabout1.5millionyearsagotoprotectbodiesfromultra-violetraysofthesun,whichcancauseskincancer.ButwhenmodernhumansleaveAfricatoliveinnorthernlatitudes,theyneedmoresunlightontheirskintoproducevitaminD.Sotherelatedgenechanges,accordingtoCheng.AsianshavethesameversionofthegeneasAfricans,sotheyprobablyacquiredtheirlightskinthroughtheactionofsomeothergenethataffectsskincolor,saidCheng.Thenewdiscoverycouldleadtomedicaltreatmentsforskincancer.ItalsocouldleadtoresearchintowaystochangeskincolorwithoutdamagingitlikechemicaltreatmentdidonMichaelJackson.6.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat________.A.peoplecannotchangetheirskincolorwithoutanypainB.thenewdiscoverycouldleadtoresearchintowaystochangeskincolorsafelyC.popkingMichaelJacksonoftenchangedhisskincolorashelikedD.scientistshavefoundoutthatpeople’sskincolorisdeterminedbythegene7.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.nowadayspeoplewhowanttochangetheirskincolorhavetosufferalotfromthedamagecausedbythechemicaltreatmentB.EuropeansandAfricanshavethesamegeneC.thenewdiscoverycouldhelptofindmedicaltreatmentsforskincancerD.therearetwokindsofgenes8.Scientistshavedoneanexperimentonadark-stripedzebrafishinorderto________.A.findthedifferentgenesofhumans’B.provethehumans’skincolorisdeterminedbythepigmentgeneC.findoutthereasonwhytheAfricans’skincolorisdarkD.findoutthewaysofchangingpeople’sskincolor9.Thewriter’sattitudetowardsthediscoveryis________.A.neutralB.negativeC.positiveD.indifferent【参考答案】6—9、DABCEWhenJeffSparkmandrawshiscartoonsuperheroeswithcoloredpencils,heoftenhastoaskotherpeopletotellhimwhatcolorhismaskedmenturnedouttobebecausehe'scolor-blind.Now,anewsmartphoneapplication(app)canhelphimfigureoutwhatcolorshe'susingandhowthepicturelookstomosteveryoneelse.TheDanKamapp,availableforiPhoneandAndroidfor$2.99,isanapplicationthatturnsthevaguecolorsthatonepercentofthepopulationwithcolor-blindnessseesintothe"true"colorsaseveryoneelseseesthem.InAmerica,anestimated32millioncolor-blindAmericans---95%aremales---cansoonhavetheirlifeimproved."DanKamtakesthestreamofdatacominginthroughthephone'scameraandchangesthecolorsslightlysotheyfallwithintherangethatpeoplewhoarecolor-blindsee,"developerDanKaminskytoldCNET.Hecameupwiththeideaafterwatchingthe2009filmStarTrekwithacolor-blindfriend.Itwasthenthathegottoknowmoreaboutcolorblindnesslikeitsvaryingtypesanddegrees.Avastmajority,forinstance,havetroubleseeingredorgreenduetoageneticdefect(遗传缺陷).Blue-yellowcolorblindness,however,israreranddevelopslaterinlifebecauseofaging,illnessorheadinjuries,etc.HestartedexperimentingwithoneofthemostcommonrepresentationsofpointsintheRGBcolormodel.WhattheDanKamappattemptstodoistocleanupthecolorspaceoftheimageorvideosignalsothatcolorscanbevisibletothosesufferingfromviewingproblems.“Youcanadjustthea ppt 关于艾滋病ppt课件精益管理ppt下载地图下载ppt可编辑假如ppt教学课件下载triz基础知识ppt ofityourneeds.Thereisarangeandnoteveryonewhoiscolor-blindseesthingsthesame.”SaysKaminsky.Sparkman,acopyeditoratCNET,triedouttheappandwaspleasedwiththeresults."Itwouldbeusefulfordressingforajobinterview,"hesaid.Butusingitforhisartis“themostpracticalapplication."ItworkedwellonLEDandotherlightsonelectronicgadgets,whichmeansSparkmancannowidentifythepowerlightonhiscomputerdisplayasgreen.46.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanknowthatDanKam___________.A.appearedinthemovieStarTrekB.canturnvaguecolorsintorealonesC.isaphoneusedtohelpdrawingpicturesD.isdesignedtohelppeoplewithcolorblindness47.HowdoesDanKam’sappwork?A.ItputsLEDandotherlightsonelectronicgadgets.B.Itchangesthecolorssothatcolor-blindpeoplecanseethem.C.Itcheckscolor-blindpeople’stypesofdegreesofcolorblindness.D.ItshowscommonrepresentationsofpointsintheRGBcolormodel48.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatcolorblindness__________.A.cannotbecuredbyanymethodsB.ismorecommonlyseeninwomenC.isnotnecessarilyinborndiseaseD.makespeopleunabletotellanycolors49.TheunderlinedwordvisibleinParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto_________.A.portableB.enjoyableC.adjustableD.recognizable该文介绍了DanKam这款能够帮助色盲人士辨别颜色手机应用程序。46.D细节理解题。由文章前两段可知DanKam是一款帮助色盲人士辨别颜色手机应用程序,故选D。47.B细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句可知答案。其余选项是移花接木的说法。48.C推理判断题。由第四段下列句子信息:Blue-yellowcolorblindness,however,israreranddevelopslaterinlifebecauseofaging,illnessorheadinjuries,etc.可知蓝绿色盲可能是由外因引起的,因此色盲并不一定是一种天生的疾病。49.D词义猜测题。该句说明的是DanKam的工作原理:由此开发出来的DanKam程序能够清除图片或录像信号中的光距,这样的话色盲人士也能看见各种颜色了。FConventionalwisdomsaysthathardshipcanmakeusoldbeforeourtime.Infact,anewstudysuggeststhatviolencenotonlyleaveslong-termscarsonchildren’sbodies,butalsochangestheirDNA,causingchangesthatareequaltoseventotenyearsofprematureaging(过早老化).Scientistsmeasuredthisbystudyingtheendsofchildren’schromosomes(染色体),calledtelomeres,saysIdanShalev,leadauthorofastudypublishedinMolecularPsychiatry.TelomeresarespecialDNAsequences(序列)whichpreventtheDNAinchromosomesfromseparating.Theygetshortereachtimeacelldivides,untilacellcannotdivideanymoreanddies.Severalfactorshavebeenfoundtoshortentelomeres,includingsmoking,radiationandpsychologicalstressessuchasbeingtreatedbadlywhenyoungandtakingcareofachronicallyillperson.Inthisstudy,researchersexaminedwhetherexposuretoviolencecouldmakechildren’stelomeresshortenfasterthannormal.Theyinterviewedthemothersof236childrenatages5,7and10,askingwhethertheyoungstershadbeenexposedtodomesticviolencebetweenthemotherandherpartner,physicalmaltreatmentbyanadultorbullying.Researchersmeasuredthechildren’stelomeres—incellsobtainedfromtheinsidesoftheircheeks—atages5and10.Telomeresshortenedfasterinkidsexposedtotwoormoretypesofviolence,saysShalev.Unlessthatpatternchanges,thestudysuggests,thesekidscouldbeexpectedtodevelopdiseasesofaging,suchasheartattacksormemoryloss,sevento10yearsearlierthantheirpeers.Shalevsaysthereishopeforthesekids.Hisstudyfoundthat,inrarecases,telomerescanlengthen.Betternutrition,exerciseandstressreductionarethreethingsthatmaybeabletolengthentelomeres,hesays.Thestudyconfirmsasmall­but­growingnumberofstudiessuggestingthatearlychildhoodhardshipimprintsitselfinourchromosomes,saysCharlesNelson,aprofessorofpediatricsandneuroscienceatHarvardMedicalSchool.36.Thenewstudyhasfoundthat________.A.violenceleavesscarsonachild’smindB.violencecanspeedupachild’sagingC.hardshipcanchangeachild’sagingD.hardshiphasalong-termeffectonchildren37.AllofthefollowingthingscanshortentelomeresEXCEPT________.A.maltreatmentB.radiationC.smokingD.exercising38.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE,accordingtothetext?A.Researchersmeasuredthechildren’stelomeresfromtheirlegsinthestudy.B.Kidsinterviewedinthestudyareexposedtotwoormoretypesofviolence.C.Childrenwhohaveshortertelomeresmaysufferfromaheartattackearlier.D.Victimsofdomesticviolencehavenohopesoflengtheningtheirtelomeres.39.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Violenceagingchildren’sDNAB.Children’schangingDNApatternsC.ViolenceandchildrenD.Thefunctionoftelomeres36-39BDCA
本文档为【高考英语阅读理解模拟练习】,请使用软件OFFICE或WPS软件打开。作品中的文字与图均可以修改和编辑, 图片更改请在作品中右键图片并更换,文字修改请直接点击文字进行修改,也可以新增和删除文档中的内容。
该文档来自用户分享,如有侵权行为请发邮件ishare@vip.sina.com联系网站客服,我们会及时删除。
[版权声明] 本站所有资料为用户分享产生,若发现您的权利被侵害,请联系客服邮件isharekefu@iask.cn,我们尽快处理。
本作品所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用。
网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽..)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
下载需要: 免费 已有0 人下载
最新资料
资料动态
专题动态
个人认证用户
MARINE
毕业于国内重点院校,硕士学历,经济学讲师,擅长于产业分析,PPT模板制作等
格式:doc
大小:75KB
软件:Word
页数:0
分类:高中英语
上传时间:2018-11-05
浏览量:11