金史History_of_Jin

HistoryofJinTraditionalChinese金史SimplifiedChinese金史TranscriptionsStandardMandarinHanyuPinyinJinShiSouthernMinHokkienPOJKim-súHistoryofJinTheHistoryofJin(JinShi)isaChinesehistoricaltext,oneoftheTwentyFourHistories,whichdetailsthehistoryoftheJindynastyfoundedbytheJurchensinnorthernChina.ItwascompiledbytheYuandynastyhistorianandministerToqto'a.AlthoughtheJindynastywasdestroyedbytheMongolsin1234,theinitiativeforwritingadynastichistory-inaccordancewithChinesepoliticaltraditions-wasonlybegununderKublaiKhan,whohaddecidedtoembraceChinesepoliticalnormsandfoundtheYuandynasty.In1261theideaofcompilinghistoriesforboththeJinandLiaodynastieswasfirstmooted,andaftertheconquestofSouthernSong,theprojectwasexpandedtocompileallthreehistories.Issueswiththeformatandrulesofcompilation,however,hamperedprogress,anditwasonlyin1343thattheimperialcommissionwasfinalised,withToqto'aastheoverseer,andateamofsix,includingthescholarOuyangXuan,aschiefcompilers.Theworkwascompletedinjustoverayear.Foritsmaterial,theHistoryofJindrewheavilyonthehistoricalrecordsoftheJindynastyitself,whiletheeventsofitsfinalyearsdrewheavilyontheprivateworksandrecordsofscholarssuchasYuanHaowen,LiuQi,YangHuanandothers.TheHistoryofJinwastranslatedintoManchuas(Wylie:Aisingurunisuduri,Möllendorff:Aisingurunisuduri).TheQianlongEmperoroftheQingdynastyusedtheManchulanguageto"correct"ChinesecharactertranscriptionsofJurchenlanguagenamesintheHistoryofJininhis"ImperialLiaoJinYuanThreeHistoriesNationalLanguageExplanation"(欽定遼金元三史國語解)project.Qianlong's"corrections"endedupcompoundingtheerrorsandmakingthetranscriptionofsomeforeignwordsevenworse.[1]MarshallBroomhallwrotethat"SounscientificwasthisworkthattheK'ien-lungeditionsoftheLiao,Kin,andYüanhistoriesarepracticallyuseless."[2]EmilBretschneiderdemonstratedhowtheetymologiesintheQianlongeditionwereincorrect.[3]TheHistoryofJincontainsatotalof135scrolls,orchapters,dividedasfollows:19Imperialbiographies(本紀),detailingthelivesofJinemperors39Treatises(志),detailingfactsofeconomicandsocialhistoryduringtheperiod4Chronologicaltables(表)71Biographies(列傳),detailinglivesofimportantpeopleduringtheperiodHistoryofcompilationLayoutAlistof125JurchenlanguagewordstranscribedinChinesecharacterscanbefoundintheJinGuoyuJie("ExplanationofthenationallanguageoftheJin"金國語解),anappendixtotheHistoryofJin.ItisfoundinChapter135-金史/卷135.[4]AlexanderWylietranslatedthelistintoEnglishandManchu.[5][6]ResearchesonManchuOriginscontainedalistofcorrectionsofthetranscribedJurchenwordsfoundintheHistoryofJininChapter135-金史/卷135,usingtheManchulanguagetocorrectthem,foundinChapter18-滿洲源流考/卷181.Bretschneider,E.(1876).NoticesoftheMediævalGeographyandHistoryofCentralandWesternAsia(https://books.google.com/books?id=R98-AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA6).Trübner&Company.pp.5–6.Retrieved1December2014.2.MarshallBroomhall(1910).IslaminChina:ANeglectedProblem(https://books.google.com/books?id=ObcNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA93#v=onepage&q&f=false).Morgan&Scott,Limited.pp.93–94.3.E.Bretschneider(15October2013).MediaevalResearchesfromEasternAsiaticSources:FragmentsTowardstheKnowledgeoftheGeographyandHistoryofCentralandWesternAsiafromthe13thtothe17thCentury:(https://books.google.com/books?id=fc9YAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA182&dq=sagacity+savants+original+edition+calif+baghdad+correctly+ha+li+fa+uncorrupted+understood+turkish&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjwr6mZzfLOAhXCSSYKHShZB7EQ6AEIJjAC#v=onepage&q&f=false).Routledge.pp.182–.ISBN978-1-136-38021-1.4.HemingYong;JingPeng(14August2008).ChineseLexicography:AHistoryfrom1046BCtoAD1911:AHistoryfrom1046BCtoAD1911(https://books.google.com/books?id=NYFBtTUZFxEC&pg=PA383#v=onepage&q&f=false).OUPOxford.pp.383–.ISBN978-0-19-156167-2.5.Shou-p'ingWuKo(1855).Translation(byA.Wylie)oftheTs'ingwank'emung,aChinesegrammaroftheManchuTartarlanguage(byWooKĭhShow-ping,revisedanded.byChingMing-yuenPei-ho)withintr.notesonManchuliterature(https://books.google.com/books?id=fdAOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR76#v=onepage&q&f=false).pp.lxxvi–.6.TranslationoftheTs'ingwank'emung,aChineseGrammaroftheManchuTartarLanguage;withintroductorynotesonManchuLiterature:(translatedbyA.Wylie.)(https://books.google.com/books?id=v6k-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PR76#v=onepage&q&f=false).MissionPress.1855.pp.lxxvi–.Franke,Herbert.1971."ChinDynasticHistoryProject".SungStudiesNewsletter,no.3.SocietyforSong,Yuan,andConquestDynastyStudies:36–37.https://www.jstor.org/stable/23497078.Schneider,Julia.2011."TheJinRevisited:NewAssessmentofJurchenEmperors".JournalofSong-YuanStudies,no.41.SocietyforSong,Yuan,andConquestDynastyStudies:343–404.https://www.jstor.org/stable/23496214.Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Jin&oldid=835287688"Thispagewaslasteditedon7April2018,at19:10.TextisavailableundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution-ShareAlikeLicense;additionaltermsmayapply.Byusingthissite,youagreetotheTermsofUseandPrivacyPolicy.Wikipedia®isaregisteredtrademarkoftheWikimediaFoundation,Inc.,anon-profitorganization.References